Wasit Journal for Human Sciences

Summary
The state of the maritime mamelukes celebrated with many heros who played amajor role in preserving the nation and religion of the enemies who have asserted themselves against lslam and muslims among them were heroes whose weapons were not the sword, the spear, and the shield, but the pen so clergymen appeared, whose role was clear in championing the truth and defending the oppressed, they stood in the face of the ruling class when it was at times leaning from the right path and in declaring jihed against the crusader and mongol invaders at other times among them was the jurist al- ezz bin abdul salam.
Key words:
the state of the mamelukes, AL-ezz bin abdul salam, the hero in history.

Abstract
The present research study aims to measure the level of fluid intelligence in primary, intermediate and secondary school learners in view of two variables of gender: (male – female); age and education (12 – 14 – 16 years); primary stage (sixth classes); intermediate stage (second classes); secondary stage (fourth classes).
The study sample consists of (50) students (both sexes equally). The two researchers have relied on the intelligence test which is free from cultural effect designed by the Psychologist (Raymond Cattell as a research tool. The psychometric aspects of the test (validity and reliability) have been validated.
The test, then, has been applied on the study sample. In view of the results reached, a number of conclusions, recommendations, and suggestions have been proposed, including: fluid intelligence grows increasingly; the necessity to grow awareness of the importance of training on programs which develop intelligence especially within school and family community; as well as conducting further studies to explicate the relation between fluid intelligence and other variables, like motivation, education, level of aspiration, …etc.

The poetic experience of the Sufis was a clear reflection of their unique mystical experience, which was beset by many conflicts and contradictions. This experience had to be expressed in a unique language in which the Sufi avoids the monotonous structure and the poor structure, enveloped in an artistic feeling, taking advantage of the language gaps, and its hidden potentials Ordinary language is not consistent with the summary of the emotional experience of the Sufi disciple, so he had to use a unique language to express his unique experience. The compositional shift represented in the intent to present and delay the effect of showing the Sufi text in its artistic form, as he contributed to creating a poetic structure that deviated from the standard positional language , It is certain that the structure of presentation and delay has more than a linguistic, semantic, structural and phonological characteristic that texts glow with these artistic characteristics of care, concern and affirmation ... etc., and there is no doubt that the Sufi text was not devoid of other arts such as separation, connection, palace and other various methods of structural displacement that he used The Sufi poet to express what is going on in his mind and his emotional feelings, and it seems that he succeeded to a large extent in this matter, his vast culture had an effect on this success.

Settlement is an pressing need for a person to secure a permanent shelter for him. It means to settle in one place to create a (practical position) in life, which promotes possession of things. Therefore, it has a role that increases the size of groups and these settled groups worked on building their environment that led to master architecture and artistic innovations that accompanied the emergence of the social and economic gatherings. At that time, civil architecture emerged in addition to religious architecture.
The study consists two sections: The first section discusses water and its effect on settlements and its link to water resources from the first agricultural villages to the city. The study discusses the effect of water on building materials and its selection of building materials and its resistance to environmental factors including water factor impact on architecture, and the architecture designs invented by people of Mesopotamia. The second section tackles the impact of rain and floods on archaeological buildings and how to deal with the problem of salinity and humidity.

The style of metaphor of the quality of (the messenger, the rational) was present in the Shiite political poetry, in addition to the image that formed in their poetry a stylistic and influential phenomenon .
We noticed the emergence of a stylistic phenomenon in the Shiite political poetry , which is the narrative style , as their poetic stories from real life are satisfled with their artistic beauty, and I packed more elements of the story.

This study aims to explain the role of the philosophy of criticism in the development of geographical research and thus geographical thought. This is because the importance of philosophy in the design of geographical research, and criticism in the development of geographical research. Therefore, the research problem comes under the question; does the philosophy of criticism have an effect on the development of geographical research in particular and geographical thought in general? The descriptive analytical approach was adopted to achieve the research hypothesis, which is the importance of criticism philosophy on the development of geographical research through the analysis of Arab and foreign books to develop the geographical thought.
The research was divided into three main sections: geographical research, philosophy of geographical research, and criticism in geographical studies to gain the conclusions, the important among their:
1- The science of geography does not belong to the others natural, human or formal sciences. Rather, it is a kind of bridge between those sciences. Geographic knowledge need a special methodology and distinct.
2- The implement of geographical research needs the philosophical basis even it is difficult to apply. However, it can indicate the cognitive interdependence of knowledge and importance of the philosophy on scientific research.
3- Serious criticism is not desirable by researchers despite its great importance in developing geographical research.

This research, under the title (the Similarity and Difference in the Structure of Gods' Gathering Place in Iraq and Old Greece) dealt with the structure of Gods' gathering place in Iraq and Greece, the similarities and differences between them, the most important gods inside the two gathering places and the nature of the authority. The research also mentioned the physical and moral qualities of gods in the old Greek and Iraqi gathering place .

The modernization process that occurred in Iran, Iran since the mid-nineteenth century, is one of the most important historical stages that the country went through in the modern era, which contributed to building a new political, social and economic system in it, and on the other hand, it contributed to the process of Iranian rapprochement with the West. This has left a positive and negative impact on the Iranian reality, and this effect included the most prominent men of the modernization process, who some saw reformers and modernizers in them, while another group of people saw them as secular, liberal, traitors, and even infidels in some stage .. And in the forefront of all of these Mirza Muhammad Taqi Khan Farhani, known as Amir Kabir, was a pioneer of modernization in Persia, which will be the focus of this study

The poet is the name of Kamal AL-Din and the character hole is very much as a place inside his spoil In this recruitment; the characteristics of the poet about other contemporary poets; Creating a special scientist; A new and innovative images and recommendations can be created It gives the letter and new meanings of the interaction of the poet with the character and place the god symbolizes each character; and its plant is limited to drawing and shape to character space that the poet moved to produce poetry reflects the importance of the character for the poet and highlight this is clearly in his poems.

The Arabic morphology is governed by standard or sequential morphological rules, but these rules may be broken by poets who organize their poems in the poetry column, that is based on a group of poetic meters that have their own rhythm and that do not depart from them.
And sometimes the poet resorts to making some changes in the morphological structures in order to straighten out the poetic rhythm in his poem. And the patterns of these necessities have varied in the morphology, as they included most of the morphological sections.
Key words :Exchange and taxes

The assassination of Benazir Bhutto, leader of the Pakistan People's Party and a former prime minister for two terms, in December 2007, set a dangerous precedent that threatened the future of Pakistan and the region, and almost led to a civil war in that country. assassination provoked various official and unofficial institutions of the world, including the press and the media, Which wrote a lot about that incident and its repercussions, among them the American press, from which we chose the Washington Post to study its position as a model for the American press, lt reprsents the way it dealt with the event and the way it viewed the assassination and its impact, whether on the Pakistani interior or on the relationship with the United States of America, This is followed by the research section for several axes that ended with a conclusion to the most important conclusion that the two researchers reached.
Key words: [Bhutto, Pakistan, assassination, Al Qaeda, Washington Post, Pakistan People's Party]

Eschatology denotes that it is a type of religious belief that relates to the end of history or the last day of human life, most ancient civilizations and the heavenly and positivist religions believed in it the term is always attached to most nations with the concept of the afterlife, and the idea of reckoning and punishment in other ones, as well. On the idea of salvation that drew its strength from the monotheistic religions that believed in it, and for each of them arose its own philosophy.
Because of the presence of these ideas in their clearest form in the ancient monotheistic religions (Judaism and Christianity), decided to study them in those two religions, and to discuss topics such as Eschatology, the idea of life after death, the idea of the Savior, and related issues of resurrection, arithmetic and punishment, which is a matter in which the two religions differed, as they accepted it The Christian religion, in an absolute way, while a section of Judaism believed in it, and others denied it, thus the research sheds light on those ideas and the philosophy of the two religions in it, its traceability, and the extent of its belief in it.

The research on investing materials in African art is based on the methods that were employed in the aesthetic product, and the researcher divided the research into four chapters and began with the research problem in which the researcher presented the diversity of investment and the multiplicity of materials in the visual surface.
In chapter two , the researcher divided the theoretical framework into two topics, the first (multiplicity of materials in African art), in which he reviewed the mechanisms of working in belief and art and the multiplicity of equipment and tools and decorating walls, doors, bodies and fabrics, while the second topic (African art and the presence of the magic side) and in which the researcher presented the magic belief and its effect in the aesthetic form, technical performance, and mechanics of presentation, in chapter three , the researcher presented an analysis according to contemporary international art and African references influencing the aesthetic action, and in it the researcher tracks the influences and driving compactors for the global methods and schools, including African art ,in chapter four , the researcher arrived to the findings and conclusions from them, African art celebrates with drawing on the bodies with colors cover the face and hands, surfaces diversity in African art from the surfaces of human objects to the surfaces of houses and textiles, African art , absorbs and dissolves social motors with a factor of expertise and experimentation.
Then the researcher presented recommendations and proposals.

This research deals with the study of color in the poetry of the Al-Mukhbl Al-Saadi, which the poet uses to express psychological, aesthetic and symbolic connotations that reveal the poet’s vision of life and things around him. This element is considered as an aesthetic creation in the poet Al-Mukhbl al-Saadi. This study attempts to investigate the importance of colors for the poet Al-Saadi and their use in various artistic, psychological and social connotations, the extent of the influence of traditions and cultural heritage on the poet of these connotations, and how he creatively employs them, and the effect of these colors in shaping the poetic image, and adding an aesthetic dimension to it, which gave it great ability of influence and penetration into the mind of the recipient, which contributed to enriching the poetic text in form and content.

As-Suwayer district is located in the Muthanna Governorate, on the south-west of Iraq , an area estimated about (150.98 km2) within the alluvial plain area, The evaporation manifestations resulting from the influences of several factors, the most important of it is the climatic factor, soil characteristics, ground-water quality and its distance from the surface, are the most prominent of which are the bog The presence of such land features has a mostly negative effects, as it affects the amount of land productivity of agricultural crops and the difficulty of constructing buildings and transportation routes, and positively because it is a source of income for some families through its work in collecting and selling salts accumulated in the region, There are several ways to limit and control the expansion of salty lands and reclaiming and using modern methods and cultivating these areas with plants that tolerate salinity of the soil. Salinized by several means, the most important of which is the work of regular sewers and regular irrigation.

The question “what is the relationship of the legislative authority with the executive authority” doesn’t mean the same when we reverse it as “ what is the relationship between the executive authority with the legislative authority”; the answer here is not the same and the matter is not similar. The relationship of the legislative authority with the executive authority has aspects totally different that of the relationship between the executive authority and the legislative authority. What comes first in the question affects the meaning. The Iraqi constitution states in Article 45 that the federal authorities consist of the legislative authority, the executive authority, and the judiciary authority. To exercise their duties and powers, these authorities depend on the principle of separating between their powers. However, in reviewing their functions in the Constitution, it is found that there are a lot of shared functions among these federal authorities and which can not be fulfilled by any authority a lone. This can clearly indicate the true understanding of the principle of separation between the powers of the three authorities in the Iraqi Constitution in particular can not limit or be in contrast with their joint cooperation of together. Instead, it calls for not separating among them in executing their tasks.

Time was and still is the most important factor in a person's life, until he realized that throughout the ages. In our present time, interest in time and how it is invested has become the focus of researchers' attention, and the reason for this is that time is a rare, expensive, and unavailable element. If he goes, he will go on and on, never to return. For this reason, the administrative law delineates the time limits for canceling administrative decisions, as they are the means by which this law achieves its goals. And since the administrative grievance is part of the cycle that frames the time frame for canceling the administrative decision, this is why the administrative legislation is concerned with determining when the grievance is submitted, when it is decided upon, and the legal and practical solutions when the response to it is neglected by the administration, by following the method of implicit rejection presumption that benefits From the incident of the passage of time on the silence of management to respond to it.

The union movement and labor organizations in the United States of America are an important part of its history, and have a major role in the culture of American society, as workers have been actively involved in the American War of Independence, Besides their demands that focus on rights and duties, the dissemination of freedom and democracy in American society, and unions have played a major role in leading demonstrations and strikebreaking focused on the demands of the working class, and due to their breadth of activity and influence Politicians were keen to win and win, they played a major role in Roosevelt's 1936 election campaign, which later made many decisions in their favor, and enabled them to establish the American Workers' Party, which became the political front of workers in American politics.
Keywords: Workers demonstration strikes unions organization.

The main task for this research is discovering rhetoric of brevity poems of Farazdaq which do not exist in his dewan a lot of effort were done to collect them in many literary sources both ancient and recent.
The poems were order a cording to way of collection his diwan.
Finally; I hope this work meets the requirements of scientific research.

Most societies consider the youth to be their energies, pillars and reasons for their expansion. It is not an exaggeration to call the current generation as the Internet generation. Using the internet seems to be increasing rapidly in different countries around the world, especially in Iraq. The Internet is a broad spectrum for communication that opens the doors to various forms of pornography and criminality to the young. The lack of ethical limits makes it a means of demolishing and destroying values, morals, families and societies. Thus, it is painful to see the young risk a backslide and follow destructive and dangerous routes through misusing the Internet. With increasing the number of people who use the Internet, it has become easier for some individuals who have the ability to penetrate and obtain personal information to use against some other people in illegal ways. It has also become possible for many young criminals to practice their criminal acts through websites, and it has turned easy for the young to harm each other. Besides, they can impersonate other individuals and exploit them towards unpleasant ends. The aim of the research is to identify the terrific impact that the Internet has on the younger generation, and attempts to protect them because some social websites have a negative effect on the youth and as they target them in particular. They are recruited for the public interest of their countries, which in turn, affects the country's power and endangers their society members as various illegal and criminal activities will emerge. The diversity of these crimes varies from simple to serious crimes such as threats to kill, kidnapping, bargaining with the opposite party and the like. Therefore, families must monitor their children with awareness and guidance. Children should not be left out because the moral turpitude of many young people leads to societal decay. After all, proper breeding is what gives children real control in avoiding the dangers of the Internet.
.the internet, delinquency,the youth: Key word

Those commandments were not limited to religious aspects only, but also they had social, political, economic and scientific ones. They were also concerned with customs and rituals related to death including the words which most of them indicated lessons and wisdoms. Accordingly, this study entitled the Commandments and Orientations of Al-Hadith Scholars upon death in Iraq during the First and Second Centuries A.H. focuses on those commandments of hadith scholars in Iraq and the extent of their impact on the Iraqi society during that period. The study consists of an introduction, two sections and a conclusion. The first section entitled the concept of the commandment and its legitimacy in Islam and its historical roots, and types of commandments. The second explores the most important religious, educational, and financial commandments, and what is related to their books, as well as Al-Hadith Scholars’ customs, rituals, and graves and the extent of their impact on society.

The present study aims to identify the level of readiness for optimism and the goal orientations of a sample of Wasit University professors, in addition to identifying the correlational relationship between the variables. The researeher prepares a scale (goal orientations), where the readiness for optimism scale consisted of (49) items, As for the measure of the goal orientations, consisted of (30) items. The researcher showed the two measures to a group of Experts and arbitrators. In order to verify the psychometric properties of the two scales, the researcher applied his tools to a sample consisting of (274) teaching staff. They were randomly selected from the research community, who were (1000). The aim of this sample is to identify the clarity of the instructions and paragraphs for measures and data analysis, the study reached the following results:
1. University professors are highly prepared for optimism.
2- University professors enjoy a high degree of goal orientation.
3- There is a positive correlation between the Search variables ( readiness for optimism and goal orientations).
The researcher put a set of recommendations and suggestions based on the results that came out of the current researction

Ibn Katheer is considered as one the most important historian who was prominent in writing history through his famous book (The Beginning and the End) which is a historical encyclopedia in which he started from the beginning of the creation till he reached to his age in which he lived. He transferred in this book many historical hadiths and novels depending on the resources of hadiths and history. It is obvious that, through his transferring of the hadiths and novels, we find him trying to weaken or deny the hadiths which are not compatible with intellectual orientations and in order to confirm the correctness of his opinion, he presents justifications in order to persuade the reader of the correctness of what he choose. And in order to investigate and search the truth, We thought to present this concise study under the title ( Ibn Katheer's Approach in Dealing with the Hadiths and Novels Related to Ahlul-Bayt, ( Peace be upon them) : An Analytical Historical Study) to follow the hadiths and novels which he recorded and how he treated them when he transferred them in order to find out the history facts away from intolerance as it is part of our duty as specialists in historical research field to create brotherhood among Muslims. That’s why we are keen on a full commitment to objectivity and lack of intolerance following the analytical method in following the hadiths and novels related to Ahlul-Bay ( Peace be upon them ) .

The Abbasid state has a long history in the rule of the Arab Islamic state for five centuries, between weakness and slack, between hardship and strength, between corruption, persecution, conflicts, anti-movements and revolutions that ended and disappeared at the hands of the Mongols. Twas based on religious foundations, but as soon as the ruler caught the seat of power, it revealed its teeth, the fall of the masks, and the appearance of the true faces of these rulers. The goal was not religious, with all his goal of power. The thrones of their rule ended in the demise of their religious ideas and the demise of their state
Problem: Religion has become a cover for some of the weak-minded, and this is what the present society suffers from, despite the innocence of the clerics
Objectives: There must be distinction between religion and politics, and limiting the phenomenon of using religion for personal interests
Curriculum: relying on the theoretical side on the analytical side on the other hand, and linking historical events with events occurring in the rule of the parish.
Results: the affected and troubled wing in governance has led to history repeating itself in some ruling authorities for some of the present peoples.
Opening words: authority, religion, people or individuals

The Baghdadi preacher Abu Bakr Ahmed bin Ali Thabet is considered one of the great Islamic historians who leaves great historical works that are considered among the glories of Islamic history.
The most important historical product of the al-Baghdadi preacher is the book The History of the City of Peace and the news of its interlocutors, and the Qattanha mentioned scholars other than its people and those who came to it.
In the form of a study, the study will deal with a recent scientific and personal study of the preacher, and from his name, birth, surname, restriction, doctrine, scientific position, scholars' opinions about him, his illness and his death.
As for the second topic, which is located close to Al-Tarheeb, it is located near the reception station that Al Baghdadi preacher, documented in his book History of Baghdad (History of the City of Peace).

The circular sculpture is one of the broadest sculptural products in its aesthetic impact on the audience of recipients, for the most important reasons being the rotation of the receiver\'s vision to (360 degrees) around the details of the building, as well as the most influential approach with realistic images that achieve in the recipient the features of familiarity with the rotating sculptural text, Thus the circular sculpture possesses aesthetic visions that it broadcasts and interacts with, according to the mutual influence between the place and time in which the rotating sculpture lives ... On the other hand, we can consider the rotating sculptural formation one of the most important aesthetic products of artistic sculptures by fabricating its shapes for the interaction of lines of perspective with spatial perceptions, This vanishing horizon is wider In the diversification of what is achieved with other forms of sculpture, as sculpture of this type can be seen and influenced in all directions, whether horizontal or vertical. Accordingly, we find that the aesthetics of these artistic monuments in the squares of the city of Baghdad need to be studied to reveal their visions of aesthetic action in the conscience of the recipient, Our research is an attempt to highlight those features achieved within the contemporary vision in the city of Baghdad, and then show their effectiveness at the level of geographical location and the systems of movement of place With the lines of consideration in them The sculptural monuments in cities are nothing but an artistic system that affects the aesthetic structure of the place, as well as its effect on the masses of recipients by raising their aesthetic aw
Key words: Aesthetic visions, sculptural formations

The criminal and civil liability of the public employee means that the public employee bears the consequences of his criminal or civil errors, as the public employee faces three responsibilities, which is the administrative responsibility represented by violating the controls and instructions for the same job, The penalty for this violation is one of the disciplinary penalties stipulated in the special laws As for functional crimes, as for criminal responsibility, it is the public employee’s committing acts that are considered crimes according to the provisions of the Penal Code, which entail criminal penalties. Dealers with the administration, so the employee is responsible for these mistakes, personal responsibility, and the damages that deal with the administration must be compensated.

Iraq witnessed moderate and managed inflation rates that did not exceed a single numeric rank until 1974, due to the increase in the amount of money due to salary and wage adjustments, and thanks to central pricing policies it was possible to control inflation rates, in the 1980s the inflation rate began to rise slowly, especially in the Gulf War and after it, reaching more than (15%), With the entry of the Iraqi economy into the 1990s, the rate of inflation began to rise dramatically, especially after the decisions of economic sanctions, this period witnessed very large inflation rates, especially in the first half of the 1990 s, due to the suspension of crude oil exports as well as the freezing The Iraqi assets of foreign currency in foreign banks, which had a negative multiplier effect on the economy in light of the continuous deficit of the general budget, These reasons deepened the situation of the emergence of inflationary gaps and the emergence of economic imbalances represented by the decrease in the total supply in front of the escalation of the volume of total demand. These reasons led to The emergence of the phenomenon of runaway monetary inflation with the expansion of unemployment, as the rate of inflation in the Iraqi economy during the period (2011-2019) has fluctuated (upwards and now down words), which ranged between a minimum of 0.77% in 2017 and a maximum of 6.54% in 2011, and the monetary policy in Iraq under the new law of the Central Bank was characterized by a new monetary path completely different from the previous one in terms of the tools used in the implementation of monetary policy and in terms of The goals, from a goal to curb inflation and price stability, to maintaining a stable monetary and financial system, to the goal of achieving economic prosperity and providing job opportunities, with special emphasis on strengthening the value of the Iraqi dinar so that it becomes an (attractive national currency), but the main goal of the current monetary policy remains It is the curbing of hyperinflation, which casts a perversion on the economy in general and on per capita income in particular.

The aim of the current research is to analyze the content of the science book for the fourth grade of education set by the Iraqi Ministry of education according to the science Standards for the next generation NGSS.To achieve this goal,the researcher prepared a list of three dimensions: scientific practices, engineering, comprehensive concepts, and basic ideas. The basic ideas included one areas They are :Life science,The sub – criteria reached (30) criteria.
Then the researcher analzed the content of the science book for the fourth grade for the scheduled for the academic year (2019-2020) In light of this criterion, the researcher found adopted for the explicit and implicit idea in the analysis. the researcher concluded that the main ideas criterion has achieved the highest level of inclusion by (257) iterations and by 55% , and with an average level of inclusion, while the Standard of scientific and engineering practices came second with a low level of inclusion of (122) iterations and by 26%, finally, the common concepts criterion came with avery low inclusion level of (88) iterations and by 19% .

The effect of critical thinking strategy on developing a love of scientific
memory for middle school students
Summary: -
The research aims to identify the impact of the strategy of critical thinking on developing a love of scientific memory for students
The preparatory stage, and to verify the goal of the current research, put the null hypothesis, which is:
There are no statistically significant differences at (05.0%) between the average difference of (pre-test scores)
And dimension) for students of the experimental group that studied biology with the strategy of critical thinking,
Test scores (pre and post) for students of the control group that studied the same subject in the manner
Habitual (traditional) development in the love of scientific memory.
To verify this, the researcher chose an experimental design with two groups, one experimental and the other a control.
The researcher was informed of the research community, which is the preparatory schools in Al-Kut, and the researcher chose a sample
The search is randomly assigned to the two schools of Al-Kut Preparatory School for Boys and the Imam Al-Hassan School for Boys.
One of the selected schools (2), with a total of (256) students, a class was chosen by random drawing
(A) from Al Kut Preparatory School for Boys as an experimental group and Division (A) from Imam Al Hassan School for Boys as a group
Control, as the research sample in the two groups reached (64) students.
Reward the researcher between students of the two groups of research in variables (chronological age, previous academic achievement
For the semester of the biology course, Raven's IQ test, the love test for scientific memory.
The researcher prepared by analyzing the neighborhood's content (100) behavioral goals that covered the topics specified in
The last three chapters of the course book. He also prepared instructional plans for these topics, and the researcher himself
By teaching the two groups, he developed the research tool, which is a test of the love of scientific memory, as the number of paragraphs reached after
Psychometric changes were made to it (75) items, and the duration of the experiment took (10) weeks, and the researcher treated
The data of his study statistically using appropriate statistical means
After analyzing the results statistically, the following shows:
There were statistically significant differences at (05.0) level between students of the experimental group and students
The control group was in love with scientific memory, as the students of the experimental group outperformed the students
Control group.
In light of the research results, the researcher recommends the importance of using a critical thinking strategy in teaching science.
The neighborhood is for middle school students. The researcher also suggested that similar studies be conducted on stages and materials
Other academic and other dependent variables

It is clear that the beauty of Bishr ibn al-Mu'tammar in literary work is due to the association of the word with the meaning.
We find that the position of Al-Jarjani is a position that leads to the statement that the relationship between the word and the meaning is no longer a binary relationship between two poles, the signifier and the signified, but has become a relationship that represents based on the cohesion between them within an organic unit that is the systems.
The theory of systems is based on grammar as a scientific basis. What is important in poetry from Abdul Qaher al-Jarjani’s perspective is to prove the meaning. The second is to discover the features of poetry that is not done by hearing. Rather, the text must be viewed with the heart and avoiding the use of reason and thought, and understanding must be sought.
Since this principle has an impact on Arab criticism and rhetoric of great importance in determining the nature of the style, its formulation required awareness of two interconnected concepts. Arabs in the ancient Arab heritage.
Key words: poetry, Arab heritage, systems theory, meanings, vocalizations.