Journal of Educational and Psychological Sciences

This study aims to identify the role of higher education institutions (HEIs) in the Sultanate of Oman in diversifying their funding sources and the state of policies and legislation regulating such a role. Moreover, this study highlights the extent of the difference between governmental and private HEIs in practicing their role in diversifying their funding sources.
The study adopted a descriptive approach using the cross-sectional survey methodology. A questionnaire was designed to collect data from a random sample of (400) individuals who are heads of academic and financial departments within their institutions, including (208) from government and (192) from private ones.
The results indicated that there are clear goals to diversify HEIs self-financing sources, but they are not activated. In addition, institutions with poor performance are not held accountable. Furthermore, there is a lack of incentives for individuals who contribute to attracting more income for their HEIs. Moreover, the endowment is not considered as effective support of HEIs. The study showed that there are statistically significant differences (p.< 0.05) with regard to corporate governance in favor of private HEIs.
The study conclusions have led to a set of recommendations including, the need to increase community partnership, and developing policies and legislation for government funded higher education institutions to develop their own resources.

The current study investigated the differences in self-esteem between two groups. The first group is the students who are in foundation program and the second group is the students who successfully completed the foundation program and have begun their degree. The study also aimed to investigate whither the high school performance may predict students’ self-esteem. The sample was 100 students and were randomly selected. They completed self-esteem questionnaire. The results presented statistical differences among two groups. The student who have begun their degrees have shown higher self-esteem compared to those who are still in the foundation program. Additionally, the high school performance statistically predicted students’ self-esteem and explained the variance in the students’ self-esteem (R2 = 0.31). Applications and future studies are discussed.

The birth of a child is a desire for the parents and build on him hopes and expectations and dreams, especially when the mother begins to prepare for the birth of her child, and expects the arrival of a healthy and healthy child offering a gift to her husband and her family , Dreaming of its shape and planning for its future. The birth of an unusual child may affect the mother disappointment and frustration and perhaps withdraw the mother from the relationship that built and established rules between her and her child in pregnancy, as it did not build relationship and rules with an unusual child, that is, did not expect to be born an abnormal child, It has a great impact on the mother. Therefore, attention should be given to the psychological aspects of the nominal goal towards a better future for the family, which is the first educational and social institution responsible for the upbringing of children, as a warm embrace and a safe haven for children and husbands. Through the research objectives, which include recognizing the effectiveness of the method of confrontation in developing the hardness of mothers with special needs through testing the hypotheses, the researchers used the experimental method on a sample of mothers of special needs (20) (10) of the mothers as a pilot group and after the use of means and draw conclusions reached the effectiveness of the extension program in the development of mental rigidity of mothers with special needs.

Pragmatism is a philosophical tradition that began in the United States around 1870 and its origins are often attributed to philosophers Charles Sanders Pearce, William James and John Dewey. Pearce described it later in his pragmatic saying: “Think about the practical effects of tools through your perception. Then, your perception of these effects is all your perception of those tools.” This philosophy believes that the educational process does not end with the individual graduating from school or any other educational institution. It is a continuous process. Society is always changing, developing and growing. From this standpoint, we find that pragmatism is the philosophy of permanent change and continuous evolution

The present research aims at knowing Meaning of Love and Quality of Life of Couples and the nature of the correlation relationship between them and, In order to achieve the aims of the research , the research has constructed a scale for Meaning of Love which consists of ( 48)) items, and adopted a scale for (Abood2008) of Quality of Life which consists of (46) items and adopted a scale for (Hassan2010) . The psychometric properties of the scale( validity/ reliability) have been ascertained through applying on a sample consists of (200) Couples. However, the reliability has been ascertained by using re- test where it is (0,82) and by using Alpha- gronbach (0,80) for the first scale ,As for second one, by using re- test (0,83) and by Alpha-cronbach is (0,81) . However, many statistical means have been used suchas,t-test for one sample and for tow independent samples , Pearson coefficient correlation and the results show that the sample has characterized by having Meaning of Love and Quality of Life and there is a positive significant and correlation.

The profession of education is a sacred message and a high-quality task, and the value of the message it carries. It is the preparation of a good generation that will bear the trust that will be entrusted to it in order to correct the paths of society and reach it to the top. The studies and research on this subject are not in depth and need to be revealed many From the aspects of this profession (profession of education) and ethics; to raise our Islamic society to the appropriate level of civilization, we studied this subject to be an introduction to the return of people and students of science and scientists, especially those who practice this profession (education)
Therefore, my choice of the title of the research (ethics of the teaching profession of Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (peace be upon him), the heritage of the people of the house (peace be upon them) is a university school for the various branches of human knowledge. This knowledge heritage presented the answers and solutions over successive centuries to the problems of man and life in different Fields, and the most important topics that contained this heritage is the educational and educational approach.
I have divided the research into a group of investigations, preceded by a preface in which we dealt with the definition of the profession and ethics and education language and terminology, and the Mabahith talk about the life of Imam Ali (peace be upon him), and the educational aspect in his thought (peace be upon him), and features of educational thought at Imam Ali (peace be upon him) And the ethics of education at Imam Ali (peace be upon him), and the responsibilities of education at Imam (peace be upon him), and the ethics of the teacher and learner, and concluded the research with the most important findings, as well as a list of sources and references and summary in English.

Children with autism have increased dramatically in recent years worldwide. Previous research suggests that 62 out of 10000 children are infected by Autism. Researchers are trying to figure out the causes by studying different aspects of variables. Heredity and genetics are among these factors as well as environmental affects. However, the results have not yet shown the real causes of this disorder. This recent study tries to find out the effect of being exposed to trauma and developing post-traumatic stress disorder of the mother during pregnancy of her Autistic child. In addition, this study tests the relationship of Autism to some biographical variables such as the mother's age during her pregnancy, family's medical history of diseases and heredity disease. The study recruited 26 mothers age range from 15-44 years old M= 27.50 SD= 7.29 to conduct the study by personally interviewing them. The study was conducted by the researcher. Scale of PTSD for Foa, et al.2016 for DSM-5 have been used in this study after being translated from English to Arabic, by the researcher. The scale shows good validity and reliability to use in Iraq. The scale consists of 20 items that represent four symptoms cluster of PTSD. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between PTSD and Autism; furthermore, there were insignificant differences in all biographical variables. The study encourages researchers in Iraq to study more about Autism and recommend the Iraq's institute to pay more attention to the pregnant women to avoid trauma and emotional stress

The world today is living a real revolution in the field of media and communications, which paved the way for the revolution of technology that emerged in the twentieth century. So that the current time is called the time of communication. It has been very important to members of the society in general and the student center in particular because it is based on the spread of terrorism, violence and aggressive behavior, so his style is low to reach his goals. Terrorism has no identity, does not belong to a country, has no faith but has the ability to shape values for society, and because of its far-reaching reflection on individuals and societies in their behavior, relationships and attitudes. And the profound impact on emotions and ideas in the formation of conflicts and the transformation of trends in males and females.
Terrorism can sometimes be an act and sometimes a reaction, but in both cases, it targets a group and certain individuals with the aim of causing panic and psychological panic. The researcher has developed a number of goals, including identifying the relationship between media and psychological terrorism among university students. The researcher reached a number of recommendations and proposals.

This study aimed to identify the sources of psychological stress, methods of adjustment, and levels of mental health among workers in the Jordan Cement Company, as well as to explore the possibility of a correlation between these adaptive methods and levels of mental health.
The sample of the study consisted of (208) administrative and productive workers, of whom (183) were male and (25) were female, distributed at different educational levels. A scale was constructed to determine the sources of psychological stress consisting of (28) items. The scale of adaptation methods and the measure of mental health used to find ways to adapt and the levels of mental health of workers after verifying their validity and reliability.
The results of the study indicated that workers in the Jordan Cement Company enjoy normal levels of stress and mental health, and they use adaptation techniques that based on solving the problem in a large and medium degree, and methods of adaptation based on emotion and avoidance methods with a moderate and low degree.
Also the results pointed out that effective or problem-based adaptation methods (such as active management, planning, acceptance, and positive reconfiguration) have no statistically significant association with mental health and its dimensions, that is, they are not associated with a mental health disorder or its improvement, except for receptivity that It is positively associated with mental health. The results indicated negative statistically significant correlations between each of the emotional-based adaptation methods (distraction of self-attention, resorting to emotional support, ventilation, religiousness, and self-blame) and avoidance and escaping methods (resorting to alcohol, resorting to humour, and resorting to denial, and disengagement) on the one hand and mental health in its various dimensions on the other hand.