Wasit Journal for Human Sciences

The banking crises are one of the most important economic problems of our time because they are closely related to economic stability at the local and international levels. The most important international banking crises will be presented in terms of their origin, causes and consequences, as well as predictability by following the behavior of some economic variables.
Despite the similarity of banking crises, each of these crises has its own characteristics, which vary in intensity, scope and causes, depending on the circumstances surrounding the countries it faced. However, the most important reasons can be attributed to the excessive expansion of bank credit without adequate guarantees, especially short-term loans, as well as fluctuations in exchange rates and interest rates. In addition, the absence of banking supervision, transparency and real disclosure of information contributed to the emergence and recurrence of banking crises. The banking crisis (1969-1970)is One of the most important crises that have changed many of the trends of Monetary policy in response to it.

The world passes with a period of changing in all aspects that distinguish Human life from others. The size of cities has increased as a result of rapid urbanization in most of the countries specially the developing countries. This trend represents a great challenge to administrate cities ,type of urbanizing services and ways of living. Urban planners are facing multi-problems in their way to upgrade with urban life such as promote services specially Urban transport and traffic.
The Iraqi cities are suffering from many security and traffic problems such as traffic Jam, ecological contamination specially noise, traffic accidents and others .All that related to natural reasons such as; transport planning ,capacity of streets inside the city ,increasing number of cars and the nature of traffic awareness. The entrances of cities are considered the main areas suffered from neglecting and regression till now. All that related to the lack of concern of the entrances design , lack of Urban services in many of their sections and areas and traffic Jam that these areas are suffered from .The entrances of cities are very important because they are the first thing seen by the visitor and will give him a good impression about the city, its cleanliness and organization. So, the cities round the world concern with Urban entrances ,organization and their cleaning and that what we see in most of the capitals such as Vienna and Stockholm and the tourism cities such Istanbul. Five entrances of Al-Kut's city suffered from neglecting and dereliction from Al-Kut's governmental service departments led to regression of theses entrances situations and view that reflected the type of service represented by these entrances such as facilitate road traffic inside the city and its roads .The incomplete of the service road round Al-Kut city increased the problem of Al-Kut's entrances and the road traffic increased in Al-Kut's streets.

The current study aims to identify the reality of the administrative effectiveness of the head of primary schools in Baghdad as seen by teachers of physical education. As well as the recognition of the reality of organizational loyalty to teachers of sports education in the light of the administrative effectiveness of their managers. And the relationship between the variables of administrative effectiveness of managers and the organizational loyalty of teachers of physical education. The sample of the study was (329) teachers and (55%) of the study population. The questionnaire was distributed to 178 physical education teachers. The researchers retrieved (301) questionnaires, and the number of questionnaires valid for statistical analysis (298(
The Spss statistical bag has been used. For data extraction.

The study concluded:
1. the definition of managers importance of human relations and social development and its impact on the educational process, especially the relationship with students and teachers.
2. Holding training courses for school administrators on the use of modern technologies in administrative processes, such as the use of computers and the Internet.
3. Inform school principals of the importance of organizational loyalty to teachers and its impact on students' performance and results.
4. subject managers to training programs to raise the level of organizational affiliation of teachers through the identification of how to identify the needs of teachers and their wishes and work to meet and satisfy them.

The government seeks to achieve economic stability as one of the most important economic goals ,It uses monetary ed financial policy tools to influence n economic activity that is reflect clearly in the gross domestic product (GDP) This research explains the effect of both policies n GDP .
Through depending on statistical method and tests in addition to that testes it depends on standard methods for the purpose of achiving good and practical results in using time series data during the period (1990-2013) in the Iraqi economy .

This research aim to study important sides of field study and some of its applications in industrial geography , study of industry connect direct with meeting performance and referendum and details observer writing which fortify accuracy of research’s and its originality , indeed this search came on two side , theoretical dissect important sides of field study and applicative take study of some industries in Mosul city. and study conclude with conclusion and recommendation .

Oil revenues occupy a prominent position in the budget of the Iraqi economy and the oil sector in general plays a major role in the economic and social development process. Economic activity depends on its various branches and mainly on its production and export and its financial revenues. Its strategic importance lies in being a key element in building an advanced industrial base. Especially in the refining industry and petrochemicals and the subsequent industries and many subsequent, in addition to being the most important source of energy supplies and raw materials necessary for consumption and the study showed the impact of oil revenues in the net budget and And public debt, internal public expenditure in the Iraqi economy for the period from 2003 - 2016 showed the positive impact of increased oil revenues on the (net budget and public expenditure) as well as the negative impact on domestic public debt. Drawing on modern statistical programs.

The study aims to highlight the key role played by strategic alliances in the success of investment projects both in the public or private sector through the promotion and development of strategic plans and objectives available to the project incluing a range of roles and tasks, which one are the key factors for the pilot projects ,It s The organizational effectiveness of the basic and fundamental variables in this research being one of the goals that organizations seek to achieve and work continuously to strengthen and develop depending on the extent of estimated human resources available and the possibilities available to these organizations , The organizations seek to reach the maximum efficiency in terms of the quality and quality of the services they provide, which reflect a positive image of the organization. Accordingly, the investment projects depend on the available human resources as the main key to their success as they are in the process of planning, organization and control. These resources also develop the investment process through Which offers a number of variables that contribute to the development of its work, which is a cornerstone of the development of the investment process, so that The idea of research focused on the role of strategic alliances in achieving organizational effectiveness.
Keywords: strategic alliances, human resources, organizational effectiveness

The supplication of Abu Hamza al-Thumali is considered one of the greatest supplications attributed to Imam al-sajjad (peace be upon him), which is one of the supplications of the month of Ramadan. After following the grammatical methods mentioned in this supplication, there is a clear use of negation in different ways. The subject of (The style of negation in the supplication of Abu Hamza al – Thumali A grammatical indicative study) ,has been to study the explicit negation of the nominal sentence , the verbial sentence, the negation of singular, and implicit negation.
The importance of this study is that it shows the nature of the linguistic structure in a prosal text where the linguistic studies have rarely stoodon it is this supplication, and is more important Increasing when it is issued by the imam Masoom, Imam al-sajjad (peace be upon him), and this text is considered one of the most eloquent linguistic texts which is full of varied styles required by the spoken accasions And the nature of the subject, l have stood on the patterns of synthetic negation used in this supplication 'and the resulting signs, especially the temporal connotations that each negative morphological pattern contains After contemplating their contexts

This study deals with a very important subject focusing on identifying the impact of lack of strategic thinking on the lack of development of the environmental tourism reality in the marshes of Misan governorate. The problem of the study was reflected in a major question: Is there a relationship and effect between lack of strategic thinking and the lack of development of the environmental tourism reality in the marshes of Misan governorate. The questionnaire used as a main tool for collecting data from the study community. The study concludes that there is a relationship and effect between the lack of strategic thinking and the lack of development of the environmental tourism reality in the marshes of Misan governorate.

The modern sports activity requires that the players moving quickly in the stadium, including in the championship of colleges and sports activity at the University of Baghdad.
The problem of the research concentrated on the absence of data as a reference for physical and physical indicators and knowledge of the physical specifications of students in the first stage of the College of Agriculture between the age of (20) years and under the age of (20) years in which there is no difference in physical indicators.
Thus, there is no objection to their participation in all university championships because the factor of age does not constitute a difference or impact on the results of the games and events that are affected by the results of these variables.

The present research aims at identifying the aquatic-environmental awareness level among the students of the University of Basrah by using a scale that measures students' knowledge of the environmental problems in his/her regional environment and how much they know about treatment and solutions. The population of the study sample is 400 male and female students. The research results show that students' aquatic-environmental awareness level was lower than expected.

That the United States system of government has been characterized by a kind of stability because the state has been able to properly establish the foundations of democratic governance by the method of distribution of competencies and authorities in such a way that these states can feel reassured that they have the ability to self-determination through fair participation In the judgment, as the authorities The terms of reference were and continue to be a dilemma for many countries trying to adopt a system very similar to the American system, although the United States has proved its worth in local governance, it has also been able to impose itself at the international level with its capacity and political history, Making those states able to withstand all the changes that have passed on the nations of the world From here, the research begins with a statement of the constitutional and legal basis for this country, which the countries of the world try to imitate, both in terms of the distribution of competences or in the work of the legislative, executive and judicial authorities.

This research aims to explain some of the natural phenomena that swept through Egypt and the Levant, and to monitor the most prominent measures adopted by the Ayyubid state to confront them. It also explores the nature and nature of these phenomena: drought, famine, floods and agricultural pests such as rodents and locusts The people of Egypt and the Levant in terms of high prices and damage to the health and agricultural sectors and cause the death of large numbers of people, especially as the economy of the two countries was based on agriculture and grazing and simple types of primary industries.

The research aims at:
1.To recognize the effect of the method of collaborative integration of fragmented information in the development of personal creativity and learn the technical performance of the preparation of volleyball.
The researcher used the experimental method to suit the nature of the research. The research sample consisted of (2) students of the second stage - Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - Wasit University for the academic year (2016 - 2017) distributed in two control and experimental groups with 20 students per group . The application of the strategy of the cooperative integration of fragmented information on the experimental group in learning the technical performance of volleyball preparation. The takaful and homogeneity of the sample were done..
The educational curriculum on the educational material was prepared, which took 8 units and two teaching units per week. The unit time was 90 minutes during the trial period. The experimental curriculum began on 16/10/2017. The statistical methods used by the researcher (the arithmetic mean, the standard deviation, the spring deviation, the crochet, the median, the t-test). The most important conclusions reached by the researcher are:
1.The method of cooperative integration of fragmented information has contributed effectively to the development of personal creativity and learning the technical performance of the preparation of volleyball.

Many researchers went to study the poets' works and their impact on the studies of voice, morphology, grammatical, semantic, and related methods. They have created valuable research in this field, including most of it. I have a strong tendency to study what is contrary to grammatical rule, , So the title was "Poetic evidence and its impact on the grammar grammar" Rauba ibn al-Ajaj's poetry is a model "for what these poems are of value research suitable to our field of specialization in the fields of language and grammar and exchange, and signed an optional poems Raaba bin Ajaj, at In the field of linguistic and grammatical studies. The preamble was summarized briefly, on the life of Raabah ibn al-Ajaj, in wh isich he mentioned his name, , his sur name, and an aspect of his life.
the first chapter topic under the title of the names, mentioning the evidence mentioned by the grammarians under this subject and the extent to which these poems match the grammatical base. The second section was composed to show the acts in these poems, and it stood on the most important features in the extent of their conformity and violation In the field of linguistic and grammatical studies. The preamble was summarized briefly, on the life of Raabah ibn al-Ajaj, in which he mentioned his name, his name, his name, and an aspect of his life.
Grammar and tribal languages.
The third topic of the study of the letters and what was published under the poems of Ruba bin al-Ajaj in terms of conformity with grammar rule and non-reference, based on the determination of grammatical provisions and aspects of the Arabs.
After I finished the study I followed it with a conclusion that included the most important findings I have reached through research. She then provided a list of the sources and references she had provided in completing the study.
We concluded with the following conclusions:
The Arabic language is the oldest living language, the most authentic and ancient, which gained the advantages and characteristics that made it one of the finest languages. It is capable of keeping pace with life and keeping pace with progress, so as to provide its people with the sincere determination and determination to promote themselves and their language. On them, Ruba bin al-Ajaj was his hair means to clarify the meanings, and identify and remove confusion and ambiguity.
It is known that each tribe has a home and territorial boundaries of its own, although some of the nomadic system and what it requires to travel has been known, and perhaps one of the causes of linguistic differences that may intensify the composition of different dialects, the existence of these communities in a separate country and This separation between Tamim and other tribes calls for linguistic differences.
The scholars paid attention to Burjas Raabah ibn al-Hajjaj, because of his grammatical, strange, and marginal structures, and it is not surprising that the narrator of the hadith of the Badia is stronger than his predecessors.
The grammatical measurement of a flexible mama did not stop at a certain point, and his testimony is not limited to the famous language.

The position of the grammarians did not differ from the poetry of Rabah, which was grammatically problematic. The grammatical rules in their eyes were rarely drawn from them, but I found the most poetic poet to take the meaning and distance them from the burden.

Ruba's poetry was a unique encyclopaedia in linguistic and grammatical material, full of different evidences.

This research starts from the necessity of reading the heritage as contemporary reading, and observing issues of poetic heritage based on the era's visions and eyes .Especially, when this observation is characterized with reasonable implementing for the procedural surplus allowed by the curriculum to enrich the ancient poetry capacity to resist before the change in reaching information ,receiving and tasting.
The paths of writing poetry is a way to observe relationship between the self and the world. The poetic pattern stands on the vision of the poet, and this vision represents an essential element to form the technical and cultural identity. This research consisted of two themes: the first one is ego and producing the expression dominance ,discussing the ego emotions in its vision to the world as a way to expose privacy of the self, its difference from the society by adopting poetic Utopia styles ,mask ,disengagement and emotional observing to the world. That makes ego or the sender a liaison center of speech with its surrounding.
The ego emotions exposes the emerge of self with its subject ,then the expressions dominance for the poetic speech, tendency toward individuality and returning to the life of individual. The second subject: Emerging with society and produce the Reference dominance. It discusses the referential speech as an evidence to act with traditions based on the common referential traditions in its time. All that refers to the domination of superior ego that provide to individual a chance to protect himself from the aggressive world and difficulty to recognize self mentality at that era.

The research deals with a very important stage in the history of Russian-Iranian relations, which lasted from 1977 to 2005 during the period of the rule of Iranian President Mohammad Khatami. This importance comes from the nature of regional and international developments, whether they were one of them, The research dealt with the nature of the relations between the two parties in the period that followed the revolution of 1979 until Khatami came to power. He then reviewed bilateral relations during the Khatami era (1997-2005). Russia's role in building nuclear reactors in Iran, Russian energy projects built by Russian technical personnel, the US position on strengthening Iranian-Russian relations, as well as the Iranian intervention in the Central Asian republics and the Iran-Russia negotiations to divide the Caspian Sea.

The deep structure of the Pre-Islamic poetic text (Ragamuffins) revealed that the theme of freedom, and the search for it, was regarded a central and fundamental subject, a means of communication, and a direct understanding key of the entire poetic text, especially if we consider that it was represented the other side, namely the opposite of slavery, which was exercised by the masters who had the leadership and the power reins at the time. And because of the centralize authority at that time, the lack of harmony and disparate were appeared among the components of that society. Therefore, the poetic function came to reflect poet’s outlets toward the other worlds, to coincide with the vision of the self, or to fit the harmony and ambition that aspired the poet who hoped to take it into consideration.
The sense of the self in its existence and entity inevitably rejected the forms of domination, despotism, and fall under the hammer of social conventions and traditions. Consequently, this generated a lot of coups against the supreme authority, which represented the authority of tribe since the sense of no need made the poet rejected that high authority regardless of its power and domination. Perhaps the source of that rejected sense was the insightful and conscious reading which associated with the voice of death, namely it represented the inevitable end of every human being. Thus, these poetic visions were expressed by those poets themselves, in many of their poetic poems, as well as the accumulations of that era, were established in the Arab's mind, which were accustomed to their daily life and the status of reality in which they were lived in.

Due to the great development in the activities of the forces and the vast difference between the world numbers and the Iraqi figures, including the race ran 100 meters youth group, which is the heart of these games because of the excitement, has crystallized the problem of research through weak achievement showed a gap in the training hostile this competition, It is known that the training of 100 meters is done through the development of anaerobic work and here the energy is greater than the abilities and requirements of the heart and lungs and that physical work anaerobic does not depend on the transfer and extraction of oxygen by these devices, but depends on the sources of energy already present within the muscles, This leads to Decrease the efficiency of the work of these muscles and the greater the performance or the number of successive iterations during the training, and this training method is the most common and widely used when trainers of the activities of the quick count, but it is noted that the study is not the extent of the impact of these training methods with the upgrade. The energy of this physiophysical contest and its effect when completing the physical work in the muscles to cut the distance with the highest efficiency and the shortest possible time. The athlete who uses high motor energy must have the corresponding output of high physical variables and can be a reciprocal relationship, which is an important measure to evaluate the quality of exercises practiced by the athlete to develop achievements in these games.
The research aims to:
1-Prepare a training program using physical variables to develop the movement and achieve 100 meters running.
2-Identify the special physical variables and kinetic energy at the enemy of Iraq at different stages of the race.
3-To identify the impact of the training program using physical variables in the development of kinetic energy of the research sample.
The most important conclusions were:
1-Development of the capacity of the research sample during the acceleration phase of 30 meters due to the development of physiological capabilities working at this time, making the kinetic energy index develops for this test.
2-The development of the 40 meter run in the remote tests showed the effect of the training program followed by the researcher according to the energy system and the results of mechanical work in the working muscles.
3-An improvement in the maximum speed and kinetic energy, which was achieved through the 50 meter test, showed improvement in the chemical processes of the adenosine triphosphate compound, which developed from the requirements of the muscle contractions while running this distance in the form of folding compared to the amount of bioenergy And on the bioenergy index and on the kinetic energy index.
4-There is a development in the results of the 60 meter test in the post-test, which indicates that the level of physiological susceptibility is better than it was in the first training period.

The study aimed to identify the image of the body perception and the skill performance of some types of sh00ting handball in the second grade students in the Faculty of Physical Education - University of Muthanna and was the problem of research on how much can affect the image of the body in the mastery and smooth performance of skill to shoot the handball. The researcher hypothesized that there is a significant correlation between the perceived body image and the skill performance of some types of handball correction. The researcher used the descriptive method in the survey method. The sample was deliberately chosen by students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at Muthanna University, The sample ratio is 100% of the original community. The results showed that there is a significant correlation between the perceived body image and the skill performance of some types of handball shooting. The pilot experiment was conducted to ascertain the equipment and tools used and the duration of the response on the scale. This was achieved. The main experiment was then carried out in the final form. The period of research was 26/3/2018 - 3/5/2018.

The study was conducted to identify the kinetic equilibrium relationship with the primary school pupils when carrying sch00lbags in two different ways (on the back, side), the researcher's observation of the walking movement of the students and the difference in their balance level, as well as the biomechanical variables of their walk and differences between them .
The researcher used descriptive analytical method in the method of scanning and correlative relations to suit the nature of the research.
The sample of the study consisted of (80) students in the primary stage of (9-12) years.
The data were collected by means of physical measurements, motor balance tests and biomechanical analysis of the variables affecting the walking movement of the sample members, (Spss) for the extraction of the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, torsion coefficient and correlation coefficient.
The results showed the best way to carry the school bag on the back while walking to school with a good balance level, With the appropriate recommendations according to the results of the research and the researcher's vision.

Key word : biomechanics variables , the school bag .

The objective of the current research is to identify the educational skills required for the teachers of science in the primary stage from the point of view of the teachers themselves. The sample consisted of (250) teachers, 94% of the original community, 160 male teachers and 90femate teachers, The researcher adopted a descriptive approach. In order to achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher prepared a questionnaire consisting of (30) paragraphs, in four areas (the planning skills of the lesson) , Lesson implementation skills, classroom management skills, the validity of the questionnaire was verified and the statistical analysis package (SPSS) was adopted to extract the results that showed:The educational skills are necessary for teachers of science in the primary stage from the point of view of teachers came to a medium degree and all areas of questionnaire, THE search revealed the existence of differences of statistical significance attributed to the gender variable in favor of males, and the research also revealed the absence of differences of statistical significance attributed to years of experience:
Key words: Educational skills, teachers of Science at primary schools.

- The research topic on the missing military and it's provisions and I found through the research that the Iraqi legislator did not distinguish between the military and civilian loss only in terms of a advertising , either on the provisions of the missing money and the provisions of the missing wife is unified as well as the Iraqi legislator dealt with the provisions of the return of the missing after the death sentence and fill the legislative deficit by virtue of later.

aggressive behavior among players involved in some of the games the players Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science of the University of Qadisiyah and Muthanna some participants in the mass games. The researcher used the descriptive style survey relations connectivity for being one of the most suitable approaches to the nature of the problem of the research was to identify the research community are players Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science of the University of Al-Muthanna, Qadisiyah for the academic year 2015 – 2016 , where society was (88) player has been excluded goalkeepers handball and football and the number (8) of the sample (80) player where the ratio formed between the sample and the community 90.9% researcher used scale behavior aggression, a standardized measure and researcher exploratory experiment was conducted for the purpose of identifying the negatives that may accompany the application scale of aggressive behavior and tests factions blood sample After an exploratory experiment was conducted major experiment data were treated statistically using the arithmetic mean and standard deviation and variance analysis to identify the differences between blood groups according to the scale under study. The researcher concluded the emergence of the level of aggressive behavior are a few of the results obtained during and there are no differences between the factions. I have players Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science of the University of Qadisiyah and Muthanna.

The structural relations in the design of the industrial product vary in contrast to the evolutionary and structural development of the design components in order to reach the production of structural relationships in which the form of the industrial product coincides with its contents. Hence, we find that there are special contradictions in building the shape. Conflicting relations and causality did not coincide Characterizes the creative output and transforms the design meaning into a new meaning in understanding through the total interactions resulting from the functional correlations and the bearing of the content reflected on the formal interview which would link the contradictions, similarities and antagonisms with creative ability as the conveying path of the structural context that belongs to the time and place of two variables, To reformulate structural relations in a manner commensurate with the renewed human need and to keep pace with the remarkable acceleration of industrial product design.

The local administrative organization in Iraq witnessed a major change after 2003. The Iraqi constitution stipulated the principle of administrative decentralization in Article 122- second. The legislator legislated this law by enacting the law of governorates not organized in the effective No. 21 of 2008, This law has broad powers for the heads of the administrative units, but it abolished the most important powers of the head of the administrative unit, namely the disciplinary powers (penal), which abolished many excesses, but the consideration of the district commander and the district chief executive in the administrative unit, without this authority cannot manage on Kammel face, and is subject to the Mayor and the Director of the Civil Service Law in terms of function, and the owners, we have explained the terms of the selection of the Mayor and Director, and his rights and terms of reference and how the end of its mandate