Journal of Techniques

This study was conducted during the season of 2010 in the orchard of technical institute at Kufa to determine the influence of pollen sources and spraying the fruit of liquorice extract at three growth stages on drop , yield and some characteristics of date palm fruits . Twelve uniform female trees " Zahdi cultivar " with 30 years old were selected for the experiment . Only six spathes on each tree were chosen before blooming flowers then removed the remaining spathes . Hand pollinated for each two adjacent spathes with pollen collected from one of the three common male cultivars "Kikri , Ghanami ahmar , or Rassasi " . The fruit setting was calculated after two weeks from pollination , fruit clusters were sprayed to drip point with 10% of liquorice extract in addition to the control " lifted the fruits without spraying " . The spraying was done in three periods during the stage of fruit growth and development " Hababuk , Chemri , Khalal " . Factorial experiment conducted in a randomized complete block design was used consist 12 treatment with three replicates in each treatment .
The experimental results indicated that pollinated with the male cultivar " Ghanami ahmar " caused significantly decreased of fruit drop percentage , increased the rate of bunch weight and the percentage of ripened fruits , spraying the fruits with liquorice extract " 10% " caused similar results when using any of the tree male cultivar in pollination , but pollinated with " Ghanami ahmar " and spraying the fruits with liquorice extract at Kalal stage gave best results in all traits studied in this research.

The research Was conducted in the poultry farm . Technical college Al- Musaiyab to investigate the Effect of cumin oil addition to the diet on performance of Ross broiler chicks during the period 10th September until 21th October 2011. A total of 250 chicks ( Ross) one day old Were used in the experiment . chicks were randomly distributed in to 5 treatments (50 chicks per each treatment ) . represented by the first treatment (With out addition ) . mean while treatments 2-5 were fed on the control treatment with addition 0.5. 0.75. 1.0. and 1.25ml Cumin oil/ Kg feed respectively at 42 days . Results illustrated significant effect (p<0.05) of Cumin oil on mean body weights during marketing (42day) . body weight was increased by increasing the Cumin oil in treatments which contained 1 and 1.25 ml Cumin oiL / kg feed. body weights were 2227.50 and 2222.00gm respectively . at the same time the effect of the effect on accumulative weight gain ( 2984.50 and 2084.00 gm/bird). while there was no significant effect of the treatment on the accumulative feed consumption. Feed conversion efficiency was significantly affected (p<0.05) by the treatments. treatment which included 1.25ml oil/kg the best feed efficiency (1.72gm feed/ gm weight gain) mean while in the control treatment was 1.88. Mortality rate was significantly reduced (p<0.05) with increased Cumin oil as compared with the control treatment. Treatment which included 1 and 1.25 ml oil / kg feed gave the best values concerning the dressing percentage ( 73.80 and 74.04% ) . Economical figure ( 301.33 and 307.58 ) . productive index ( 301.33 and 307.58 ) .
The equal results of productive index and the economical figure were due to the absence of the mortalities in those two treatments. It was concluded that addition of cumin oil to the diet of Ross broiler chicks led to improvement of the productive performance with reduction of mortality rate and improvement of the economical income in broiler farms.

The experiment in a field trials of the Faculty of Agriculture / University of Baghdad, which lies 20 km west of Baghdad in 2011 to study the effect deep tillage and and velocity the tractor in some technical indicators and economic disc plow, were used in the experiment tractor type MF and disc plow, which represented two-speed are 3.42 and 8 km / main levels hour and represented depth 15 and 25 cm secondary levels in the experiment. The study attributes the following percentage of slip, fuel consumption l / ha, production process hectares / h, the volume of soil raised m3 / h, the total cost of the tractor and plow JD / ha. In this study, the design used panels dissident Design Split-Plot sectors randomized complete system Randomized Complete Block Design and three replicates and tested the differences in a less significant difference (LSD) at the 0.05 level of probability and the results were as follows: -
1 - led increase the speed of the tractor from 3.42 to 8 km / h to a significant increase in the percentage of sliding from 9.80 to 13.60% and productivity process from 0.23 to 0.56 hectares / hour and soil volume raised from 392.50 to 977.50 m ³ / h and a reduction in costs total of 98838.6 46651.2 JD / ha and fuel consumption of 36.10 to 30.40 l / ha.
2 - led increasing depth from 15 to 25 cm to moral influence in increasing the percentage of sliding% from 9.60 to 13.80% and the fuel consumption of 31.30 to 35.20 liters / ha and soil volume raised from 600 to 770 m ³ / hour and the total costs of 70820.4 74669.3 JD / hectare to decline in the production process from 0.40 to 0.39 hectares / hour.
3 - raised overlapping bilateral speed jars 3.42 km / h and the depth of the plow 15 cm morally in the percentage of sliding reached the lowest value 8.40% and the fuel consumption to get less value amounted to 28.60 l / ha between the speed of the tractor 8 km / h and the depth plow 15 cm and in the production process between the speed of the tractor 8 km / h and 15 cm depth of the plow a significant impact in getting the highest value reached 0.57 hectares / hour.

Abstract:

A field experiment was carried out during 2008-2009 at the experimental Field of Crop Science Dept. – College of Agriculture – Abu-Graib. The present study of genetic parameters, correlation and path analysis involves several genotypes of cotton for the information of interrelationship between yield and other important yield components which could be used as selection criteria in the breeding programme. Seventeenth genotypes of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) included Cocker-310, Abu-Graib, Dise, Marsoomi-5, Lashata, 113, Pamair, Kafco, Ashur-1, Macneer, Rabeaa-122, Pac- cot-189, Marsoomi-4, W888, 4447, 4435 and 4200 were crossed, during the season of 2008. The traits for 79 single crosses and 17 parents were tested during 2009 using RCBD with three replicates. Significant differences were found among genotypes for all characters studied. The coefficient of phenotypic variation was found to be greater than genotypic coefficient of variance for all the characters studied. Mean of boll weight, no. of total boll and no. of sympodial branches were gave higher value of genotypic coefficient of variance (39.07, 37.47 and 35.04 respectively). High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was noticed for earliness, no. of sympodial branches, no. of total bolls, mean of boll weight and seed cotton yield, while no. of open bolls was gave high heritability (0.96) but the genetic advance was lower (2.01). Seed cotton yield had positive significant genotypic and phenotypic correlation and positive direct effect with no. of sympodial branches and no. of open bolls. It was concluded that these characters and boll weight should be considered as important selection criteria for yield improvement in cotton.

The plastic houses project is an important economy unit at AL-Musiab Agricultural Firm supplied the summer vegetables crops in the winter to cover a part of a logical consumption. The research aims measuring its production efficiency at 1981-1985, by using financial and economic evaluation refers to its profitable at some years, and the total add values average 54,246 I.D. and its net average 46,694 I.D. and the average of the human labor productivity 3,123 I.D. that refers to the economic feasibility for the capital investment and the human labor in this project , that recommended to increased the plastic houses projects in future at this conditions

This study was conducted in the farm of Technical Agricultural College, Mosul ,by using 12 male native calves,8-9 months old with initial body weight 165±20 kg.,were divided into 3 groups,1st group was left without additive as control group (basal ration only),while the 2nd and 3rd groups were consider as treated groups and received 15 and 30gm of Stymulan cattle /100kg.basal ration,respectively,for three months.Blood samples were collected from jugular vein from all calves at start (age 9 months) and end (age 12 months) of experiment, and study the effect of treatments and animal age on some hematological and biochemical parameters and the concentration of some enzymes like AST,ALT and ALP. Results of this experiment revealed that the addition of Stymulan cattle to the 2nd and 3rd rations resulted a significant increased (p≤0.05)in red & white blood cell count,hemoglobin,packed cell volume and lymphocyte cell percentages, also the results indicated that supplementation of 30 gm of Stymulan cattle/100 kg ration (3rd group) had caused a significant increased (p≤0.05) in total protein, albumin and globulin ,but caused a significant decreased (p<0.05) in cholesterol, triglycerides and urea as compared to 1st group. While calve age had a significant (p≤0.05)effects in all studied parameters. It was concluded that using Stymulan cattle in calves ration has improved significantly some hematological and biochemical parameters in blood serum of native calves.

The study included a diagnosis of some carboxylic acids in two types of honeybee and two different locations in the province of Nineveh, one in the site of Aldanadan south of the province and the second location of the Qathya in the College of Agriculture and Forestry/University of Mosul, north of the city, using the Thin Layer chromatography technique (TLC)and testing the effect of these acids on in the fungal root rot on Catalpa sp seedlings.The investigated acids Included carboxylic acids (organic) .All samples of honey used in the study showed in the diagnostic results,the appearance of oxalic acid in the honey both types of ripe and unripe honey samples in the two sites (Aldanaadan and Qathya )while an anonymous acid (Anonymous 1) was limited to the ripe honey sample of in (Aldandan),while the organic acids of tartaric ascorbic and citric acids respectively were diagnosed in the sample of ripe honey/Qathya,which flow values matched the values of flow standard for these acids. The results also showed that when comparing the spots of the unripe honey sample / Qathya with standard values of the accelerated flow for the diagnosis of organic acids, the largest number of organic acids in the sample of mentioned honey were diagnosed as organic including acids tartaric acid (0.20), ascorbic acid (0.32), citric acid (0.42), malic acid (0.50), and succinic acid (0.70). The results of the in vitro bioassays of theses acids in the isolated root rot fungi in Catalpa sp including the fungus Macrophomina phaseolina and Rhizoctonia solani that oxalic acids were superior in their inhibition of root rot fungi,compared to the other acids and at a lowest concentration of (2.5)g /L where they showed significant inhibition of the two fungi Rhizoctonia sp. And Macrophomina phaseolina by 100%,. The results also showed when breeding the greater wax worm on ripe and unripe honey the ripe honey had a significant superior effect besides the Aldanadan site was superior to the Qathya site decreasing the breeding period both larvae and virgins and longer periods of egg-laying and number eggs per mature female .

Soy milk was used to prepare therapeutic cheese after incubation with L. acidophilus or L. casei. After 21 days of refrigerated storage the samples were evaluated prically organoly.
The soy milk was obtained from masereted soy beans Soaked in water. The resultant milk composed of 4.3 fat, 3.95 protein and 1.03 ash, with total acidity 0.04% and 6.7pH.
Tofu Cheese was manufactured by acidification hot soy milk by citric acid. The cooled curd divided into two parts, L.casei was added to the first part and of L. acidophilus starter was added 10%to the other one. After incubated for 8 hours at 37 C˚ the two cheeses were stored at 4-8C˚ for 21 days.The following results were obtained:
1- The approximate composition these cheeses were: 73.5 moisture, 8.1 fat, 14.1 protein, total acidity 0.16% and 5.08 pH. Cheese Samples preserved their good keeping quality and were of from bacteria and mold during cold storage.
2- In spite of long storage of cheese, it retained therapeutic proportion because the viable counts of bacteria was above 106c.f.u. The L.casei was droped from 351 × 109c.f.u. to 45 × 109c.f.u. after 21 days of storage, While L .acidophilus was droped from 404 × 109c.f.u. to 32 × 109c.f.u..

A field experiment was conducted in the experimental fields of the Field Crops Dept., college of Agriculture , University of Baghdad on (2006-2007) winter season , to study the effect of four levels of phosphorus fertilization as super phosphate (P 20%) (0, 50, 70, 90) kg P.ha-1 and four levels of seed rate (7, 8, 9, 10) kg.h-1 on growth , yield , content of oil of anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) , Treatments were arranged according to the randomized complete block design as a factorial experiment with three replicates. The Phosphorus Fertilizer caused significant effects to all characters studied , Level (P3) (90 kg P. ha-1) gave highest means for : Plant height (78.9) cm-1, Number of branches (13.0) branches . plant-1 , fresh weight (404.5 ) g . plant-1, dry weight (43.2 ) g . plant-1, oil percentage of seeds (3.95) % , The Seed Rate Caused significant effect to all characters studied , Level ( D4) (10 kg . ha-1) gave highest means for , Plant height (80.3) cm-1 , number of branches (12.5) branches . plant-1, fresh weight (342. 1) g . plant-1 , dry weight (37.2 ) g . plant-1, oil percentage of seeds (3.3) % . Interaction between the two factors caused significant effects to all characters studied, as the treatment of D4 P3 (90 kg.ha-1 and seed rate 10 kg .ha-1 ) gave highest means for : Plant height (82.1 ) cm-1, number of branches (14.4), fresh weight (424.6 ) g . plant-1 ,dry weight (44.5 ) g . plant-1 , oil percentage of seeds (4.5 ) % .

Field study was conducted in loamy soil through spring loop 2010 agriculture season , to study the effect of nitrogen and organic fertilization in addition to their overlap on the growth and potato yield / Desere variety. The study include two levels of nitrogen fertilizer ( Urea 46% N ) which was 200 and 400 Kg N/ h , and two levels of organic fertilizer ( ferment cow waste ) which was 2 and 4 ton/ hectare . RCBD with three blocks were used , and LSD test used to differences between average values of plant characteristics .The result shows that the treatments of mineral fertilizer mixed with organic fertilizer (200 kg /h +2 ton/h ) , (400 kg /h +2ton /h ) , (400kg /h +2 ton /h ) , and (400 kg /h + 4 ton / h ) appear high significant differences comparing with another treatment , causing increasing in plant heigh ( cm ) , number of stems , wet and dry matter of plant (gm) , number of tubers , weight of tubers , in addition to percent of Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake by plant leaves .

An experiment was conducted in the lath house during the season 2010/2011 to investigate the effect of 4 dates of planting (1/9, 1/10, 1/11, 1/12 /2010) and 3 concentrations of NAA and thier interaction on rooting of cuttings , vegetative growth of Damas plant using (C.R.D) design with 3 replicates. Results showed that the dates of planting, NAA concentrations and their interaction had a significant effect on the rooting of cuttings and vegetative growth.The highest average of the percentage of rooted cuttings, root number, leaves number,leaf area, were obtained at the interaction of 500 mg NAA/l with the date of (1/11) by 96.67%, 41.27 root , 15.87 cm,20.80 leaf , 26.52 cm2 respectively, while the dates 1/9 and 1/12 without auxin gave the lowest average of these parameters.

Deficit irrigation is one of the most important methods of management of irrigation
to save irrigation water without much damage to plants, the aims of this researches to
management the water irrigation of cotton crop in Nineveh province–north of Iraq,
RCBD experiment was conducted in the field of agriculture technical college, in Mosul
city, during the season 2011 for the cultivation of cotton, cocker-310, using different
irrigation levels 100, 75, 50, and 25% of field capacity with drip irrigation method, The
results shown, there are significant different at 0.01 for treatment 100% full irrigation
for plant height, seed index, lint index, lint percentage, and lint cotton yield, reached
107.4cm, 9.78g, 4.98g, 33.7% , 477.13kg/h respectively. There are significant differences
for level 100% at 0.05 for seed cotton yield was reached 1443kg/h. The trend analysis
for irrigation levels shows there is linear function between amount of irrigation and
plant height , lint percentage, seed cotton yield and lint cotton yield kg/h, quadratic
function between irrigation amount and lint index, cubic function between irrigation
amount and seed index

This study was carried out in the farm of Technical Agricultural College, Mosul,by
using 20 pregnant Awassi ewes at same ages(3-4 years) and weights(45-49kg.) were
divided randomly into 4 equal treatments, and these treatments were feeding on 2% of
live body weight on concentrate ration according to developing of body weight during 4
months.The concentrate ration was supplemented by 25g.of Fenugreek seed or 25g.of
black seed or 12.5g of Fenugreek seed plus 12.5g.of black seed/ewe/day for ewes in
second ,third and fourth treatments, respectively, while first treatment was left as
control without supplementation. At the end of study blood samples were collected form
Jugglers vein from all ewes.The results indicated that red cell count,hemoglobin and
packed cell volume were increased significantly by adding black seed to third treatment
,while the values were decreased significantly by adding Fenugreek seed to second
treatment, as compared to first treatment ,while the percentages of acidophil and
lymphocyte cells, total protein and globulin,ALT and AST were increased significantly
(P≤0.05) ,while the percentage of netrophil cell,triglycerides and cholesterol ,urea and
ALP were decreased significantly by adding Fenugreek or black seed to the rations of
second and third treatments , respectively as compared to first treatment.The value of
blood glucose was increased significantly (P≤0.05) by adding Fenugreek seed to second
treatment,while the values was decreased significantly by adding black seed to third
treatment.

The efficiency was tested among the extracts plants (Thyme , cayenne peper,
cummin and Dill) as aprevention against for eggs lying against the insects of
Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab) and oils as (Garlic, Brassica , sesamum and olea) .
reducing the neumors of insect .
The results showed that the Al-chole extract is the best in effection of neumours of eggs
/female for the (cayenne peper), and the seeds of cumin (49.07, 60.34%) respectively ,
while the effect of theyme extract is the least (81.78%) eggs/female while the rate of
treatment control was 96.03%.
The oils of Garlic and Brassica gave maximum ratio in decreasing the insect neumours
at a rate (29.23, 51.33%) respectively. While the oil sesamum gave the least in insect
neumours at rate of (69.78%)

A field experiment was conducted to use several hydro-carbonic products with or without previously used oil for comparing the effects of the previously used oil on soil properties. These mixtures and their chemical contents have also been studied to ensure the non-poisoning effects on field crops. Six treatments were used in this experiment which are fuel oil + asphalt, fuel oil and previously used oil + asphalt, previously used oil, bitumen while another was left without treatment. These materials were added to a silty clay loam soil in three levels (0.5 , 1 , 2%). Then the soil incubated for three months in lab temperature. All treatments were planted with wheat under silky house conditions in pots by using randomized complete block design with three replicates.
The results showed some enhancement in chemical and physical soil properties as a result of using hydro-carbonic products which reflected positively on plant characteristics and its production. The results also showed that there is no pollution in the total condensation of lead (Pb) Nd Zinc (Zn) in the soil and grain production, which refers to the possibility of using these hydro-carbonic materials as mixtures or separated in enhancing the soil properties and plant growth

The research was conducted to study the effect of three concentration of Liquid humus Fertilizer (0, 50, 100) cc. L-1 and three concentration of Licorice extract (0, 2.5, 5.0 ) g.L-1 on growth of Citrus sinensis seedlings. Results indicated that ,spraying plant with 100 cc.L-1 conc of Liquid humus Fertilizer caused significant effect of plant high and total chlorophyll content of leaf and N,P, K . while t 50cc.L-1 conc gave the highest in leaf area, Foliar application of Licorice extract 2.5 g .L-1 conc cause increase in leaf area, leaves content of total chlorophyll and K, content .The 5.0 g.L-1 conc gave the highest plant high (cm )and leaves content of N,P.
Results showed that the intraction between foliar application of humus Fertilizer of 100 cc.L-1 and Licorice extract ( 2.5) g .L -1 conc significantly increased at leaf area, leaves chlorophyll and K. The intraction between humus at 100 cc.L-1 conc and 5,0 g.L-1 Licorice extract significantly affected plant high and leaves content of N,P.

sprays of nutrient solution (Agroleaf) on vegetative growth and yield traits of "summer royal" and "crimson" seed less grape.
A factorial experiment in randomized complete block design at splitplot design were a foliar sprays of nutrient solution ( Agroleaf) the main plot in three levels (0,7.5,15) g/l and The soil application of seaweed( kelp 40) in foure levels (0.20,40,60) mL/vine the subplot. The number of treatments were 12 for each cultivars, with three replicate. Each vine represened a single experimental unit and the treatment has been added at five times, the first was before flowering and the second was after complete fruit set.,and then every two weekes .
Results revealed that soil application of seaweed extract kelp 40 and foliar sprays of nutrient solution Agroleaf and their interactions significantly improved vegetative growth and yield traits by increasing leaf area ,chlorophyll content , number weight the berries, cluster weight and the yields. The treatments S2A2,S3A1,S2A1 S3A2 revealed best result for most of characters studied .The maximum percent increase in yield %27.30 و%22.21 in treatment S2A2 for"summer royal" and "crimson" cultivars respectively compared to control.