Al-Rafidain University College For Sciences

The objective of this research is to explain the current usage of smart card at Al – Rasheed bank in paying pensions of retirees as being an application of recent e-banking technologies mechanisms in the Iraqi environment. More over, the extent of acceptance by Iraqi retirees and the influence on the spreed of banking services in the Iraqi environmenthave been studied. A questionnaire was distributed among retirees focussing on their opinions, conceptions and acceptance of the system of smart card by which they receive their pensions.
Many important conclusions have been derived from this work, and the most important ones are:
-The modern techniques contributes to acheeivement of the goals of the bank.
There is a deficioncy in the ules and instructions that organize e-banking activities.
The most prominent recommendation was the necessity for laws and legislations to organize modern pay tools in bank and the working on developing smart card services to cover all sectors of the Iraqi society.

In order to overcome the problems associated with the electrical power provision to the remote areas ( which is distributed mainly a long the western and the south western region in Iraq), as well as the problems associated with the petroleum fuel delivery which required for electrical generator a parathion, the population lives in these area should think really about using a new sources of energy for electrical production like solar and wind .
As the solar energy is available at high rates during the daylight hours nearly all over Iraq unlike the wind energy which its availability differs from region to region, the solar energy is selected as main source of energy for this study.
A typical civilian compound building consist of (50) similar houses were designed to be located in rural region. This building consist, in addition to the houses, of many service building such as (adminstration, meeting hall, mosque, water well, clinic center, six grades school and a shelter for the school and clinic staff ).
The electrical power and the fuel consumption required for each of the individual building were calculated. Moreover the solar collector area were estimated taking into consideration the ability for storing energy for at least ( 7 ) hours.
The results for this study shows that the required capital investment was about $60000 with a payback period less than (5) years knowing the cell ages as more than ( 20 ) years .

Rayleigh distribution is one of important distributions that used to describe phenomenon and analysis of failure times. Recently the compound distribution is used to generate new distributions that used to accurately describe practical situations.
This paper used to derive new probability distribution from Rayleigh distribution and uniform distribution . The probability density distribution and the cumulative distribution functions are also derived. The maximum likelihood function and moment method and Bayes method were used to estimate the reliability function. Through simulation technique and using mean square error it is concluded that moment method was a superior method for all sample sizes and parameters values that are used.

The researchers interested in studying the black box models, which are linking a series of inputs with outputs series athlete models and the two models are: Error equation models and includes a model of self-gradient with external input ARX and model autoregressive and moving averages with external ARMAX inputs, models output error. The model includes directing an error OE and model Box Genghis BJ. This research has singled out only error equation models so research aims to predict the time and chained to determine the rank of the model using some statistical and engineering standards, including the standard Akaike information AIC and the standard error of the Akaike final prediction FPE. This research has included the sequential steps of creating data and Stability chains input and output and determine the rank of the model using some statistical and engineering standards and estimate its parameters. The test model accuracy by testing leftover moral link to the specified model in addition to the moral link test of residuals e (t) and the entrance u (t) . Compared with the prediction models for black box selected using the average absolute error MAE and root mean square error RMSE has been the application on real data, a daily drinking water filter using Ekorh scale water project in the Karkh district of Baghdad for the period 01.01.2015 until 03.31.2015.

This research deals with Crimes related to questions and exam results which take place during quarterly or final exams in the Ministry of Education schools, and in colleges and institutes affiliated to the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research. This research has identified the types of crimes related to the exam questions, as well as the crimes related to the results of the examination. More over, the statement of the bases, the criminal responsibility arising from them, statement on the punishment of these crimes, and the statement of the legislative methodology adopted by the Iraqi penal legislator in the criminalization and punishment for these crimes are highlighted .

The contracts of Industrial licenses are regarded as one of the most important contracts in the trade and legal scope. License contracts like other civil contracts set many questions about the nature of these contracts. Industrial licensing contracts differ from sale of the industrial property contracts.
The licensee declaration is an obligation in which the licenser declares to others that he had granted the license of an element of industrial property to the licensee.
Conformity insurance is licensee\'s obligation that the element advertised in contract is the same element to be delivered to the licensee.
According to law, the supplier is obliged to inform the recipient of the improvements he will make in contract\'s objects.
The licensee\'s responsibility shall be terminated on the basis of absence of one of the pillars of the contract.

Many of the service organizations lack a scientifically based arrangement of their offices. This disarrangement will reduce the speed of interaction and communication between offices. This study aims at reorganizing the offices layout at the College of Management and Economics in Diala University through the application of scientifically sound system. It is proposed that doing so, will rationalize the utilization of resources and offers a better services to customers in te right time and place. The chosen matrix relations arrangement alternative method is used in order to compare it with the current arrangement of the offices of the College. Depending on the scale of seven degrees to determine relationships between offices, and determine the type of relationship based on the number of communications between the College offices within one month. It turned out that the alternative arrangement is better than the current arrangement. Accordingly a set of recommendations have been drawn to be considered for a better performance

The aim of reducing costs is one of the strategic targets of the company management because through reducing the costs, it is possible to keep the market’s status of the company and secure its sustainable existence. According to the modern productive systems which follows the automation in a high degree, there is no consideration of the manual work, and the traditional strategies to reduce the cost.New approaches in the cost reduction such as (Value Engeenering, Cost of the product life cycle , Kaizen costing, Matrix and quality functions, and Back Flash Costing). Hence, we can say that the recent environment of manufacturing has an effect on the accounting of costs, so it can respond by utilizing many techniques of cost management as recent activities. Thus, the present study tries to show the effect of integration among these techniques and their correlation in the interest of business organizations. The light will be shed on the modern strategies which are used in reducing the cost and the effects resulting from its application .

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to retrospectively evaluate the role of routine radiological studies (panoramic radiographs) in diagnostic the types and localization of the odontomas in Iraqi subjects.
Materials and Methods: The study retrospectively investigated 30 odontomas in thirty patients (23 female and 7 male). The study was performed using medical records, panoramic radiographs, and pathological reports. The patients’ data gathered in this study included their age, gender, location, chief complaints at presentation.
Results: Compound odontomas were two times more common than complex odontomas. Most odontomas were found in the second decade of life and in posterior mandible for complex while anterior maxilla for compound odontomas.
Conclusion: It would be suggested that periodic panoramic examination during the first and second decade of life might be beneficial for the early detection and better prognosis for odontomas.

Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) become necessary to protect data from intruders and reduce the damage of the information system and networks especially in cloud environment which is next generation Internet based computing system that supplies customizable services to the end user to work or access to the various cloud applications. This paper concentrates the views to be noted that; the attacks in cloud environment have high rates of Denial of service (DoS) attacks compared with the usual network environment. This paper will introduce Naïve Bayes (NB) Classifier supported by discrete the continuous feature and feature selection methods to classify network events as an attack (DoS, Probe, R2L and U2R) or normal. The influence of use all features and use set of features by applying two methods of feature selection methods has been studied in this paper. The performance of the proposed system was evaluated by using KDD 99 CUP and NSL KDD Datasets, and from experimental works the results are; proposal improves the performance of NIDS in term of accuracy and detecting DOS attack, where it detected 94%, 97% and 98% of DoS attacks for three experimental test datasets in KDD Cup 99 dataset when used twelve features selected by gain ratio, while in NSL KDD Dataset the accuracy of detecting DoS is 86%, 87% and 88% for three experimental test datasets when select only ten features by applied gain ratio.

Frequency harmonic reduction and elimination is a vital field of research due to its importance in minimizing the percentage of total harmonic distortion in power systems. The two-level Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) method of AC generation is with less sophisticated control circuitry requirement compared to higher level PWM techniques. This paper is proposing a new control methodology with a reduced harmonic spectrum. The new trend here is to manipulate the PWM two-level reference waveform by duplicating the generation process with a tuned phase shifting added to the reference waveform. The new technique results in a harmonic reduction of the unfiltered output with about 50% compared to that of the conventional Bipolar SPWM.

In recent years, the topic of harmonics in general and the elimination of low order harmonics in power system in particular attracts the attention of many researchers in the field of power electronics. Estimation of the values of switching angles in multilevel inverters has been of interest in reduction or elimination of low order harmonics. In this paper, the technique that is based on the gradient or steepest descent algorithm is described. This algorithm searches for the minimum value of the power harmonic distortion of the low order harmonics in the output waveform, according to the value of the modulation index set at the beginning of the optimization process. The power equations of harmonics are used for this purpose and therefore a high convergence rate is obtained with this method. The results have been verified by MATLAB software.

The Objective of this study is to design a prototype of thermoelectric Refrigerator using Peltier effect on thermoelectric refrigerate or to achieve and protect a specific temperature, to be maintained a selected temperature at acceptable range. The Interior volume of the thermoelectric refrigerator is 6.8 Liter. The design requirements are to cool the volume (6.8Liter) to a suitable temperature within a short time, low power and low cost.
The Thermo electrical refrigeration is a new ersatz because it can change waste electricity power to useful cooling, so it's increasing demand desired at the field of food preservation, vaccine storages, cooling of electronic devices and medical services.
The system consists of the thermoelectric chamber, heat sink, thermo couple, fan, insulator material and D.C. Source. The Results of this work show that the reduced energy needed for thermoelectric refrigerator is about 60 Watt, which is less than the power for the traditional refrigerator.
In this study foam insulator is used of thicknesses (20mm, 40mm) and the heat load (Qc) which obtained is (31W, 23W) respectively .

Wind energy utilization for power generation purpose is becoming high interest in electrical power production as a result of easy access to the wind and not be affected by any environment that is clean and sustainable source of energy.
In this research a mathematical model and its parameters has been studied that affect the electrical output power generated by the wind turbine. These parameters are wind speed which is affected by temperature that cause air density change and that lead to vary wind speed, and power coefficient as a function of pitch angle and blade tip speed.
The modeling and simulation technique will play great role in the design and analysis of these wind turbines.
In the past years, the demand of Matlab-Simulink is one of the most common software, which is important for modeling, and simulation of dynamic systems. It provides a graphical interface, easy to access, design, build and verify mathematical models.
These programs can easily make new designs and strategies control as well as tests. The wind turbine generators are the best example of these dynamic systems.