DIRASAT TARBAWIYA

The aim of the research is to identify the impact of the generative learning strategy on the achievement of the fifth scientific grade students in mathematics and the development of their clever thinking. For the academic year (2020-2021), the research sample consisted of (60) female students of the fifth scientific grade in the two middle schools (Al-Zohour and Al-Bayan), as each group consisted of (30) students, the two research groups were equalized in the variables (chronological age, intelligence, Previous and Clever Thinking Marks achievement The experiment lasted for a whole semester, the second semester of the academic year (2020-2021), the researcher prepared an achievement test for mathematics and a test for clever thinking, and their validity, psychometric properties and stability were confirmed. The students of the two research groups, and the results of the research showed the superiority of the students of the experimental group over the students of the control group in the achievement test and the skill test. Outcomes, recommendations and suggestions.

To identify the social motivation of educational counselors from the General Directorates of Education in Baghdad, and to achieve the aim of the research, the social motivation scale was built based on the theory of Dollard and Neil Miller of (20) paragraphs, and it was applied to the research sample of (200) by (80) counselors and (120) A guide and two types of honesty were extracted, 1- apparent honesty 2- and constructive honesty. The reliability coefficient reached (0.83) and (0.85) by the Facronbach method, and one of the results is that the research sample has a high level of social motivation.

The present research dealt with the relationship between two different topics: the subject of the environment and the subject of school administration,The research was divided into two subjects, the first one titled (The relationship of the Environment with the School Administration within the School), and included three axes, the first was entitled (the relationship of Teachers with the School Administration), and the second axis entitled (The Relationship of Staff Working in the school administration school), while the third axis included (Relationship of Students with School Administration.(
The second topic titled (The Relationship between the Environment and the School Administration outside the School), and included three axes as well, the first was entitled (The Relationship of the Family with the School Administration), and the second axis entitled (The Relationship of Health Centers with School Administration), and the third axis came under the title (The Relationship of Youth Centers and Sports Clubs The study concluded with a conclusion of the most important results we reached, and a set of recommendations made by the researchers, and limit God first and last

The Arabic calligraphy was characterized by features that qualify it to acquire the characteristics of semiotic metaphor (iconic, indicative or symbolic) that enable it to embody it and transform it according to the symmetries of various bodies according to the functional need, to approach the defining characteristic of the essence of the meaning, which is characterized by an associative relationship with the linear functions, and the extent of the possibility of this relationship and its interdependence. It is by this action that he refers us to manifestations of excitement, attracting attention and moving away from what is traditional. its function.
The metaphor is the act or method that requires modification in the design idea, so the calligrapher performs it to express a specific semantic characteristic that indicates the similarity in (the signified) through the meaning (the signifier). It is a metaphor from a well-known and familiar image that the calligrapher quotes and employs in his written work to refer to a new compound verb between the skill of execution and his ability to achieve and communicate the borrowed expressive idea

The object of this sudy is to identify the impact of skills of total qualities in both time management and management in primary school principals generally, and in particular from the vision of educational supervisors, particularly after the changes in the traditional roles of educational institutions which had new roles, and because of the management theories and its developing, which were a result of economic, social and technical changes. This condition can no longer be a suitable line of the Iraq\'s primary school\'s development, which need a culture that accept to have a radical change so that it can achieve its desired aims and furthermore improve its performance\' quality. As the importance of this study is to represent a new topic, and to determine the requirements of comprehensive quality skills in the management of Iraqi elementary schools, also to know their practice\' level and what it is their importance in facing management problems, overcoming them, improving those primary schools work\'s performance. For achieving the objectives of this research, two study tools were prepared and applied on the study sample then the Data were analyzed.

Revealing the aesthetic values of the diversity of materials in the products of the students of the Department of Art Education). The research came out with a set of results, the most important of which are:The search results included in the two samples:-
1. Diversity in the use of raw materials emphasized the achievement of aesthetic values, which are among the necessities that must be taken care of and direct with the recipient and the significance they carry in the products of the students of the Department of Art Education.
2. The products of the students of the Department of Art Education (plastic) showed a diversity in their use of different types of raw materials in artistic work in order to achieve the aesthetic values in it, which are among the necessities that must be taken care of and dealt with with the recipient.

In the crisis of the spread of the Corona virus and what was left by this crisis, we found that there is a weakness in the infrastructure of educational planning, so there were many confusions that were not taken into account and the educational plan was unable to predict them in advance. The response necessary to address emerging crises requires the availability of a theoretical basis to address the expected crisis, The aim of the current research is to identify the level of the statistically significant correlational relationship between flexibility in educational planning and crisis management among educational leaders in the Ministry of Education, and the researcher relied on the descriptive approach (correlative studies) to achieve the objectives of the research. The research community consisted of (206) secondary school principals in the General Directorate of Education in Baghdad, Rusafa, and the validity and reliability of the research measures were confirmed, and the researcher reached a set of conclusions, including that the availability of flexibility in drawing up educational plans avoids the educational and educational system negative repercussions of emerging crises, And there is a direct relationship between tactical flexibility and dealing with emerging crises. And there is a direct relationship between tactical flexibility and dealing with emerging crises, and whenever there is a good level of flexibility, this will reflect positively on dealing with emerging crises. The researcher also reached a set of recommendations, including the need for flexibility in drawing up educational plans to enable the decision-maker to overcome emerging crises.

School theater is described as one of the effective means in developing the formation of the personality of learners, and intertextuality as one of the foundations and principles of critical approaches tools. The current (intertextuality works in school theater texts), and the research limits were the objective limit: Intertextuality works in school theater texts and the spatial limit: the Iraqi Ministry of Education - Baghdad and the temporal limit: 2014-2015. And a message and a message, and a message, and a message, and a message, and a message, and a message of honesty and consistency, and the research concluded with the fourth chapter

The current research aims to: 1-Access to the design of teaching plans in shaping the art of macrame (accessories) by borrowing the plant element from the environment.2- The effect of the teaching plan by applying it to a sample of students in the Department of Art Education.The researcher has developed a set of hypotheses to extract the results, and the most important conclusions are: The components of the teaching plan contributed to the students\' (experimental) awareness of the subject of borrowing the plant element included in this plan.

The tagged research section (The Symbolic Connotations of the Popular Heritage and its reflection in the Products Students of the Department of Art Education) into four chapters The first chapter: (methodological framework) for the research, and the research problem is summarized through the question (What are the significance of the symbol for the folklore and its reflection in the products of the students of the Department of Art Education? The aim of the research was Know the connotations of the symbol for the Iraqi folklore and its reflection in the products of the Department of Art Education. As well as the temporal and spatial boundaries that were limited to Baghdad from the year (2017 AD to 2018 AD), The second chapter included two sections, the first topic: folklore The second topic included ( Symbol concept) In the third chapter (research procedures), As for the fourth chapter, it included the results and their discussion, where the researcher came up with eight results through his study The traditional forms in painting derive their symbolic characteristics from reality, as abstract signs taken from the folklore that is full of intellectual, semantic, formal and legendary data.

This research aims to identify (The Effect of the Cognitive Representation Strategy on the Achievement of Second-Grade Students in Middle School in Mathematics and the Development of Their Smart Thinking). The researcher followed the experimental design with two equal groups, the experimental and the control with two tests, pre and post, the research sample amounted to (61) students, it included two divisions, Division (A) represented (31) students in the experimental group, and Division (B) represented (30) students in the control group.
The researcher rewarded the students of the two research groups in a number of variables, including (intelligence, chronological age calculated in months, students’ grades for the previous year, degrees of smart thinking tribally).
The researcher identified the educational material to be taught to students of the second intermediate grade for the academic year (2021-2022).
The researcher built an achievement test that included (30) test items of the type of multiple choice, and its validity, difficulty, ease, distinction and stability were confirmed. Calculating the validity, excellence and stability of this test, and after collecting the data and processing them statistically using the t-test for two independent samples, the results showed the following:
1. There is a statistically significant difference at the level (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group students who study mathematics according to the cognitive representation strategy and the average scores of the control group students who study the same subject according to the usual (traditional) method in the achievement test in favor of the experimental group.
2. There is a statistically significant difference at the level (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group students who study mathematics according to the cognitive representation strategy and the average scores of the control group students who study the same subject according to the usual (traditional) method in the smart thinking test in favor of the experimental group.
3. There is a statistically significant difference at the level (0.05) between the average differences between the scores of the experimental group students who study mathematics according to the cognitive representation strategy in the pre and post skill test in favor of the post test.
In light of these results, the researcher developed a set of conclusions, recommendations and suggestions.

It is summarized in the presence of a noticeable decline in the physical and motor qualities of the fifth grade students and the absence of a variety of sports programs that help direct their activities and traits towards the physical education lesson. Physical and motor characteristics and the research community consisted of (30 students) and its sample (17 students) for the pilot and principal experiment For different ages.

This research consists of four chapters, The most prominent content of the first chapter is the research problem and its objective, which are summarized by the following question As for the second chapter, it dealt with (About the establishment of musical groups Including the Fine Arts. Quintet Troupe and the biography of the Fine Arts Quintet artists with a summary of their musical instruments). As for the third chapter, the procedures of this research were defined, in which the researchers relied on the descriptive analytical method to achieve the goal of their research. In the fourth chapter, the research samples were analyzed and conclusions were drawn within the paragraphs identified by the researchers to identify the musical characteristics of these samples. The two researches reached several conclusions, after which the researchers developed a set of recommendations and suggestions, followed by a list of sources and references.

The current research aims to enhance ways of employing human images in designs of women’s fabrics using computer capabilities. The sample is women aged (20-35) years, and the researcher adopted the statistical methods, and the research came out with a number of results and conclusions that confirmed the goal that the researcher sought.

The aim of the present research is to study and clarify the temporal fluctuations in the amount of rainfall in Khanaqin and Sulaymaniyah stations, and to know the spatial differences between rain stations for the period (1999-2012).
The research reached several results, the most important of which are:
1. The overall mean spatial variation of the amount of rainfall during the period between (1999 - 2018) for Khanaqin station is about (250.89 mm), while the overall average amount of rainfall for Sulaymaniyah station is about (630.5) during the 20-year study period.
2. The average annual amount of rainfall in Khanaqin station was (250.89 mm) with the trend towards a decrease of -0.34 (), while the average annual amount of rainfall in Sulaimaniyah station was about (630.5 mm) with the general trend towards the decline which reached Average (-0.104).
3.There is a noticeable increase in the average amount of rainfall in Sulaimaniyah station during the period (1999-2018) from the general average of (630.5 mm), where the positive change coefficient reached its highest rate in the year (2018), reaching 50.52%. %).

The era of Caliph Omar bin Abdul Aziz witnessed many financial reforms in the field of state revenues and expenditures, according to the Islamic standard in accordance with what was brought by the tolerant Islamic Sharia, and its application in the correct manner in order to produce positive results, and this is what happened during the period of Omar bin Abdul Aziz’s assumption of the caliphate, where The Islamic State witnessed political and military stability due to the efficient economic policy pursued by the Caliph.
Fiscal policy in this era was based on increasing spending on the poorest classes of the state's citizens, not discriminating between them, returning usurped funds to their owners, as well as reducing spending on extravagance and luxury in the state offices.

The topic of academic promotion is one of the most important topics that occupy a large area of interest and concern for the higher degree holders in Iraq in general, and those of them have the owners of the Ministry of Education in particular, rather, it is a lofty goal that stands at the forefront of the goals that stand behind this relentless pursuit of it, and besides that, it is an institutional goal aimed at various scientific institutions in Iraq, including the Ministry of Education, but this distinguished segment suffers the most in achieving this promotions. Their promotions pass through staggering stages on the one hand, in addition to that they take twice as long as the time spent by their peers in the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research on the other hand.

This research focuses its attention on a distinguished elite of women who worked in the field of orchestral music and left their traces in everything that was presented during their period of activity and continuous productive work and they were the pioneers of their generation at the time. This promising generation of young female musicians emerged bearing great dreams to advance the intellectual and civilized reality of Iraq, with a rare specialization and a degree of lofty and loftyness, similar to the rest of the developed and civilized world countries. As for the limits of the research, it was Baghdad in the eighties of the twentieth century.
Then the researcher talked about the role of women in ancient civilizations and legends, the status of Arab women, and the cultural atmosphere in which the Iraqi musical woman lived. The research community included seven female players who were part of the National Symphony Orchestra. The sample included all these female players, ie 100% of the community. The researcher adopted the descriptive analytical method, and the interview was a tool for research, and finally came up with the results and conclusions recommendations and suggestions.

Black people in America were persecuted mainly because of the color of their skin. The racist policies of Whites against African-Americans continued even after the abolition of slavery in 1865. The present study tries to analyze and discuss Angelina Weld Grimke’s Rachel (1916) which levels an indictment against racism and discrimination and reveals the White South as a corrupted society. The main character in this play, young Rachel, devises a new strategy of protest to resist discrimination and racism by declining marriage of her lover for fear of giving birth to an innocent child to be tortured and persecuted by whites who are characterized by violence and arrogance