Dijlah Journal

One of the principal research subjects for networks that handle external threats is intrusion detection. because internet security is a crucial issue today. A fresh method for securing current computers and data networks is intrusion detection. An intrusion detection system (IDS) is a software program that monitors for illegal purposes and unauthorized system access. The work that has already been done on intrusion detection systems that use Although data mining and machine learning are useful, they necessitate the training of static batch classifiers to detect attacks independent of the time-varying features of the periodic data stream.
The purpose of this study is to offer an adaptive strategy for online intrusion detection that uses stream-oriented learning to adjust to concept drift in a real-world setting. The method is assessed using the CIC-IDS 2018 dataset. Method: The proposed solution eliminates the need to continually retrain the model by using a series of algorithms for detecting change in a data stream and responding to drift detection in the streamed data. This results in quick adaptation to unforeseen intrusions.

The policy of economic recovery depends on its policy of adopting the deficit deficit policy, considering that it has a kinetic background, which depends on the budget deficit, which exceeds the financial balance in the annual general budget to the general economic balance, which made it expand in the budget deficit, driven by the positive oil shock since The beginning of the year 2000, however, with the beginning of 2013, public revenues fell significantly due to the negative shock to the revenues of the oil sector, which made the government exhausted all means to ensure the continuity of funding through public revenues, which has been a terrible pressure, Negative social policy, which was necessitated by recourse in the annual Finance Act of 2018, to the non-traditional financing policy represented by the new monetary policy, which was introduced in the Monetary and Credit Law 17-10 of 11.10-2017,
In this paper, we follow the limits of the monetary issuance policy and the prospects for its implementation. We have reached the conclusion that this policy will have temporary positive effects, which soon show inflationary pressures on economic growth, and will not achieve economic stability and make it more exposed. To negative external shocks, and will resort to this policy again in a vicious circle, not to mention that in light of the inflexibility of the production system, directing these funds to non-reciprocal sector projects

Abstract:
The phenomenon of financial and administrative corruption is one of the dangerous phenomena in the present era, as is the case with any economic crime such as bribery, money laundering and extortion, which have negative consequences on the social and economic levels. Hence the need for techniques, methods and services that limit financial and administrative corruption that should be adopted by state institutions to reduce One of the financial crimes in the economic units is represented by forensic accounting or investigative accounting. Among the institutions that bear the responsibility of adopting such a concept are universities and oversight departments, by developing solutions that work with them by adopting educational curricula, training courses, and the experiences of developed countries represented by forensic accounting in benefiting from the support The country has accountants and auditors who are able to combat economic crimes. In order to achieve these goals, the inductive and descriptive analytical approaches were used, and in order to prove the hypotheses of the study, they were proven through one of the scientific research tools, which is the questionnaire form. Where the researcher concluded that the activation of forensic accounting is a remedy for the weakness in the level of accounting expertise, and the researcher recommended the addition of solid scientific curricula and specialized studies in institutes and colleges concerned with forensic accounting. One of the most important recommendations reached by the researcher is limiting the powers of officials, increasing transparency, and strengthening the independence of the investigative bodies in cases of financial and administrative corruption.

Abstract
The aim of the research is to determine the percentage of customs revenues in economic variables. Assuming that the economic development plans. It leads to a positive change to the contribution of customs revenues to economic variables. The study concluded that the importance of customs revenues in the general revenues for the period 2004-2019 averaged (0.67). The importance of the contribution of the customs tax to the gross domestic product in Iraq for the period 2005-2019 reached an average of (0.38). Thus, the contribution rate affects the financial policy represented by increasing customs revenues
The recommendations were to monitor economic plans, not just authorize reforms, improve the capacity of trade compliance officials (customs assessment, rules of origin, tariff classification), develop a training plan and training materials, and prepare a comprehensive IT strategy that provides a clear roadmap.

Problems and issues at the international level have come to affect the interests of the European Union countries, prompting European countries to adapt to global changes. The widespread security problem, such as terrorism, illegal immigration, and transnational organized crime, appears as the main threats that undermine security and peace in the countries of the region, which requires taking initiatives to confront security challenges in the region. The European policy towards security threats in the Mediterranean was expressed by projects and institutions, including the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership Project known as the Barcelona Process, the 5 + 5 Forum, the European Neighborhood Policy, and the Union for the Mediterranean.

Abstract:
The research aims to highlight the role of commercial banks and their commitment to instructions and laws and their role in achieving financial safety in the banking sector and to identify indicators of financial safety in the banking sector and analyze them based on the deductive approach in analysis, as well as to stand on the extent of stability enjoyed by the banking sector in Iraq, because of its importance in achieving financial safety through its contribution to price stability and the continuation of reducing and maintaining inflation rates. Financial safety indicators are used to detect the soundness of banking performance. The most important conclusion reached by the research is that the financial safety indicators do not stop working as indicators to evaluate the performance of banks, classify them and discover weak financial performance only, but also monitor and monitor the various banking operations for guidance, early warning and warning of financial instability before risks occur.

This study came to discuss the subject of industries dependent on petrochemical industries in Iraq - plastic as a model during the period (2004-2020), and the study concluded that the plastic industries contribute to the areas of advancement and progress, and opportunities to deal efficiently with the challenges posed by the new variables, the most important of which is the information revolution Communications, and trade liberalization, and this is what contributes to the competitiveness of these industries. And because the petrochemical industry in Iraq has an active role in establishing plastic industrial clusters and clusters of micro, small, and medium industries, by providing the necessary feedstock(The material that is used in a factory to produce another substance, and this is done either through cracking, chemical reactions, or additives) for these industries in various fields and industrial sectors, such as plastic packaging industries, and construction and building. And the industries feeding the automobile industry, textile and clothing, communication technology, machinery and equipment manufacturing, and other industries, depending on the availability of various petrochemical products and feedstocks. Where small and medium enterprises play an important and pivotal role in operating and providing job opportunities if coordination takes place between Arab countries to increase opportunities in developing and diversifying the production base of these projects so that they integrate with each other, and specialize in production, according to the competitive advantage of each country, which enhances the competitiveness of Arab products. The study recommended that developing strategies and approving medium and long-term development plans through which results can be benefited from in the field of developing small, medium and micro industries, as well as coordination and cooperation between agencies. , and the bodies concerned with the development of small and medium enterprises in the Arab countries, and encouraging the establishment of projects for small and medium industries, and reviewing policies and legislation, and updating them to ensure facilitating financing procedures and encouraging and stimulating the participation of the private sector in the development of small and medium enterprises in addition to the government sector.

Abstract:
Iraqi foreign trade occupies great importance in the Iraqi economy, as it constitutes a very important percentage of its gross domestic product (GDP), and to know the extent to which Iraq can benefit from joining the organization or not, in light of its commercial reality with neighboring countries, members and non-members of the World Trade Organization (wto). ) And to know the extent to which there is an impact of imports and exports on the Iraqi gross domestic product, which varies between its trade with member states, by measuring and analyzing trade relations between Iraq and WTO member states for some neighboring countries and building a standard model to test this relationship and its impact on the gross domestic product.

Abstract:
Recently, smart systems have appeared to read the face and identify the psychological characteristics of workers for the purpose of empowering them, influencing them, communicating with them in real time, and involving them in solving work problems, improving performance and developing it within the framework of strategic insight, and then keeping pace with environmental changes and challenges and adaptation with the aim of strategic success, building competitive advantage and sustainability of the organization. The research paper touched on the most prominent Strategic insight axes, concepts, importance, objectives, advantages, characteristics and dimensions of empowerment, inspiration and deep understanding.

Abstract
Contractual responsibility occupies a great place and importance in the subjects of private law, including oil investment contracts or oil service contracts, and thus finds an echo in the scope of international contractual and economic relations. Breach of the foreign investor and the state as a national party to the contrac. .
Evidence of the foreign investor's contractual liability entails a number of effects, whether in terms of compensation, whether the compensation is original or in monetary or non-monetary consideration, as it is a means of redressing material or moral damage. , or in terms of termination or termination in oil service contracts in terms of definition of termination, conditions and effects.

Abstract:
The presidential regime is one of the political governance systems on individual executive separation to some extent. The United States is the focus of this system, and this system is characterized by a phrase of features or characteristics. There are also some negatives or obstacles

Summary :
The experience of decentralization and its application in the Iraqi Republic is one of the modern experiences of the country, which is represented by a comprehensive transfer from one political system to another completely different political system. There are types, including administrative and political, and often when applying them there is duplication and entanglement in concepts and cases of application, so the study focused in this research on clarifying the difference between administrative decentralization and political decentralization with a statement of the position of the Iraqi constitution in force for the year 2005 on this difference.

The research aims to study the importance of lean internal auditing in achieving sustainable development, and to achieve the goal of the research, the researchers made a questionnaire consisting of two axes to test the research hypothesis, which states (there is no effect relationship between lean internal auditing and sustainable development). And the internal control of (6) private banks listed in the Iraq Stock Exchange, which number (69) banks, after reviewing the periodic reports prepared by the Central Bank of Iraq.
The researchers reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which is that the application of lean internal auditing can be considered as a tool for a new method of work in traditional internal auditing. In addition, these reports are considered one of the necessary tools that enable governmental and non-governmental units to determine their economic, social, environmental and even institutional impacts, evaluate their indicators and make improvements that are consistent with the goals of sustainable development. There is no impact relationship between lean internal audit and The sustainable development of banks is the research sample, and this proves the research hypothesis (there is no effect relationship between lean internal auditing and sustainable development).
The two researchers presented a set of recommendations, the most important of which is the need to introduce lean methods in the work of internal audit because of their important role in increasing the efficiency of the audit process by focusing on the elements that have been identified collaboratively for the audit team and the selection of audit programs, as well as the rapid response to the changing and renewable business environment. It is necessary to hold training courses for the employees of the internal audit and internal control departments with regard to the method of work of the lean internal audit, as it is not considered a substitute for the work of the traditional internal audit, but rather a tool for the development and improvement of its long and routine procedures and attention to the method of work of the lean internal audit in other economic units listed in the Iraqi market for securities Finance, because of its role in preparing the internal auditor’s report and adding value to his work, especially the research sample banks, and the need to hold training and explanatory courses on the method of lean internal audit work in the economic units listed in the Iraq Stock Exchange, especially private banks, because of their importance in adding value to the work of the internal audit team Continuous follow-up to solve problems as they arise and clearly identify the risks.

Abstract:
The research aims to shed light on the pressure of the time budget and its importance as a determinant in the work of the auditor. And clarify the concept and importance of the quality of the auditor's performance. And a statement of the effect of pressure on the time budget. To achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher prepared a questionnaire according to the five-point Likert scale. Compatibility with the characteristics of the study population was taken into account in its preparation. And that the target research community is represented by auditors working in the Federal Office of Financial Supervision and auditors working in private auditing companies and offices. As well as academics specialized in this field. The researcher reached conclusions, the most important of which was the increasing interest in the quality of the auditor's performance from writers, researchers and professional organizations. The importance of time constraint has been highlighted. Because it has a significant impact on detecting errors and material misstatements.
As for the most important recommendations that the researcher reached, it is necessary for the auditor to develop an audit program commensurate with the time required to implement the required tasks. As well as to collect audit evidence does not require a long time.

The current study is about refugee’s protection and its mechanisms stipulated in the Jordanian legislations and It is also aims to find out if the Jordanian legislation protects the rights of the refugee in the constitution as well as to know the legal status of regulating the refugee protection and its mechanisms in the Jordanian legislation, in addition to a statement of Jordan's position on the Convention for the Protection of Refugees of 1951 and its subsequent protocol of 1967 and the legal status of the special memorandum of understanding refugee protection signed by Jordan in 1998. The study sheds light on the legal status of international agreements in Jordanian legislation and how Jordan deals with refugee issues in accordance with its moral obligations towards the international community.

Abstract
This study aimed to identify the role of lean manufacturing in entrepreneurial performance, and the research provided a theoretical briefing on lean manufacturing as well as on pioneering performance. A manager, assistant manager and head of a department in the company through a questionnaire designed for this purpose. The collected data were analyzed using some statistical methods (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, relative importance, Spearman correlation coefficient, and simple linear regression) using the statistical program (SPSS V.24) in applying these methods, and the study concluded that there is a significant effect of internal communication in achieving Customer satisfaction, so the most important recommendation of this study is the need for the company to pay attention to lean manufacturing because of its positive impact on achieving leadership performance.

Abstract
Countries differ among themselves in giving local governments the powers to impose taxes both directly and indirectly. For example, the United States has a broad mandate for taxation. As are Germany and France. The question is whether the provincial governments that are not organized in the province and the regions have taxes. If it has such authority and authority, what is the benefit if there are central taxes levied on people throughout the same state?
This is what we are addressing in the focus of our research . Administrative and even administrative decentralization means shifting the responsibility of services from the central government to the local government and thus the emergence of new needs that require new sources of income for these local governments. And that the imposition of local taxes by them is not easy, which requires legislative intervention to grant these governments the power to meet these needs and saturation of individuals.
It is well known to tax and financial specialists that the imposition of the tax does not receive the admissibility of individuals because they represent a financial burden, which requires the direction of a tax to be accepted by individuals compared to the central taxes, knowing that the idea of local taxes the idea of decentralization because of the benefits of administrative and economic efficiency in Allocation of scarce resources Due to improved understanding of local needs and how to satisfy them, as well as transparency, there is a clear link between local taxpayers and the level of services provided locally. Local governments need tax autonomy because decentralization is more effective in providing services and satisfying people's needs, but in return for them to manage the resources to provide these services.

The current study aims to identify the impact of financial flexibility on financial stability and to demonstrate the relationship between financial flexibility and financial stability of commercial banks. (liquidity indicators, profitability indicators) and financial stability using the Taman model and to achieve the objectives of the study and answer its questions tested in the Iraqi banking sector, specifically private commercial banks, The study applied a sample of (3) private commercial banks using the financial statements published on the website of the Iraq Stock Exchange as well as the Central Bank's annual reports and statistical bulletins. The study sought to test its main hypothesis regarding the banking sector and commercial banks in particular in Iraq after 2003 in order to answer the questions raised and identify the problem through which to reach the goals and objectives of the study.

The research aims to demonstrate the role of credit risks in creating the opportunity cost by choosing the most appropriate alternative in exchange for sacrificing a profit threatened with credit risks, as the research problem lies in the problem of non-performing loans, which is the most important credit risk, and this leads to the loss of many opportunities to achieve large returns, and the reason for the interest in this type from its uses of its money and leaving other alternatives that may be available to it, which may expose it to the loss of many opportunities to achieve good returns instead of freezing funds in a significant part of the loans, and therefore the banks bear the cost of losing these opportunities that were not exploited to achieve returns. The most important findings of the research through practical application is that there is no realization of the prominent role of opportunity cost and choosing the most appropriate alternative to invest the bank's resources to achieve recovery and economic growth for the bank and increase its profits, and reduce investment dependence on granting credit. The most important thing he recommended is the need to avoid deficiencies that exist in the practical reality of the bank by setting up a mechanism to monitor non-performing loans.
As banks follow up on the continuous development of the regulatory and banking controls necessary to ensure good risk management, and it must be realized that the opportunity cost and choosing the most appropriate alternative has a prominent role in achieving a higher return for the bank instead of being limited to investing in loans

The aim of this research is to demonstrate the role of government spending on education in developing the education sector in Iraq, by analyzing the nature and characteristics of government spending on education, in addition to analyzing the reality of the education sector in the light of some indicators. The research concluded that there is a continuous decline in indicators The quality of education in the basic stages of education (primary, secondary, and higher), due to the fact that the growth rate of students exceeds the rate of growth of educational institutions and bodies.

This study aims to diagnose the relationship between female entrepreneurship and sustainable development. The study relied on the analytical descriptive method. Data was collected through a questionnaire prepared for this purpose. The study sample consisted of (70) female entrepreneurs who participated in the program (Raaidat, and Yanhad) in the station with its two branches in Baghdad and Mosul, in addition to the co-working space, and the outputs of the questionnaire were calculated and analyzed statistically and processed through the program (SPSS Version 26).
Then a number of conclusions were reached, most notably: The success of the pioneering woman depends mainly on motivating factors (including family support) that give her the opportunity to plant the idea on the ground, and that the pioneering ideas and actions of women have a role in achieving economic, social, environmental and technological goals in her project and thus Contribute to the achievement of sustainable development in all its dimensions, and based on the foregoing, the study recommends the adoption of entrepreneurial thought, which represents the most important means to achieve and complete entrepreneurial projects in all its fields and domains, whose role and impact can be reflected in the sustainable development goals in their comprehensive form, so all business organizations must include in their strategies everything that supports entrepreneurship and creativity and adopt them in all their activities

All countries agree, despite the difference in their economic ideology, on a set of economic goals, which represent the external balance of the quality of the external and internal, and can be limited to four main goals known as a square such as the magic role.
In view of the relationship between the four components of the square such as (economic growth, inflation, unemployment, and external balance) and imports in most countries of the world, especially developing countries, including Iraq. The research stems from the hypothesis that the nature and direction of the relationship between the components of a square such as the role and imports in Iraq varies, and it turns out that there are different effects between the components of the square such as the role and imports in Iraq during the research period. (2003-2020) using the (ARDL) model. The results showed a weakness of the effect of the components of a square such as the role on imports in Iraq during the research period, which indicates a limited effect of the components of a square such as the role on imports and the association of the latter with other variables not mentioned in the model.

The research dealt with measuring and analyzing the relationship between banking reform and macro stability in Algeria, by examining the theoretical relationship between banking sector reform and macro stability variables, to find out the theoretical foundations provided by the economic literature for this relationship, and the possibility of employing it in analyzing the course of development of banking reform experiences in Algeria and its impact on Macroeconomic stability variables, based on a basic hypothesis that banking reform is a fundamental pillar of economic stability, and that the success of banking reform policies positively affects the levels of macroeconomic stability variables. In the research sample countries during the period (2004-2020)The ARDL methodology was used to show the pattern of the aforementioned relationship between banking reform and macro stability, The research reached basic conclusions, most notably that the nature of the influence relationship between banking reform variables and macro stability variables is one of the foundations for building effective banking reform policies in developing the banking system and its impact on economic growth. On the stability of the macroeconomics according to the direction of the empirically proven relationship.