Euphrates Journal of Agricultural Science

A field trial was conducted in the winter season of 2012 – 2013 at AL-Mahanwiyah experimental farm which belongs to the extension training center –Babylon governorate (Latitude North and East). The objective was to investigate the effect of water deficit on the growth and yield of seven wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivumL.) . This trial was arranged as a split plot in the Randomized complete Block Design with three replicates . Treatments at irrigation (irrigation after 50% depletion of available water (S0) , irrigation after 75% depletion of available water (S1) and irrigation after 90% depletion of available water (S2) )occupied the main plots . While varieties occupied the sup-plots .

The study in three sites in gardens of the palm in preservation executed at Al-Basrah governorate imitated in (Shat Al-Arab, AlHartha, Fao) for studious impact labors of the representing production in the agricultural sites and deported his the fruit indicated (Hbaabwk , Jmry , Khalal) and the overlap in the elements in what in between them in the physical characteristics and anatomic for fruits palm of the dates is category Evidence of results studious indeed there moral impact for the agricultural site in the studied characteristics than signed excellence Shat Al-Arab in giving superior of increase moral in the characteristics physical (physiologically) and anatomic just as noticed that there moral impact for deported his the fruit indicated where the physical characteristics and anatomic took shackle studious so the moral increase and progress stages of the different growth (Hbaabwk , Jmry , Khalal) sleeve the evident results that for situation the overlap the evident site agricultural and deported his indicated (fruit) moral impacts in the physical characteristics and anatomic and leads the equality gave (Shat Al-Arab site + Khalal stage) superior modified to weighed and lengthens and trains of the fruit (2.273 g (w) 3-2 centimeter and 2.68 centimeter) on the succession measurement in the treatment last Shackle studious whereas treated gave his the overlap (Shat Al-Arab site + Khalal stage) the growth in average afflicted to the square cells in the millimeter enumerate the one losing realization with the treatment (Fao site + Hababuk) the growth standard in treatments the overlap. The other as for in the ratio to length and region acetic losing was for practical his the overlap positive impacts in increase of modified length and region acetic and treated fulfilled his the overlap (Shat Al-Arab site + Khalal stage) moral superior of increase for modified my throughout and trains acetic in the textile fruit (11.260 and 8.500) micro metric on the succession standard in the treatments last shackle studious evident sleeve studious results that for the agricultural sites positive impacts in increase of the characteristics physiologically shackle studious then signed excellence Shat Al-Arab in giving modified superior for the content kiroteen for the fruits in end deported Khalal stage (4.08) finances mg/100 g and measurements of measurement in the content carotene (3.69 and 2.19) finances mg/100 g for signed Hartha and Fao on the succession and leads site of Shat Al-Arab gave moral superior of increase in attributed the fruits and be noisy in Ratab stage deported his damp in happening 87.230% standard in ratios his the fruits be noisy for signed Hartha and Fao (76.440% and 69.780) on the succession.

This experemint was conducted in the orchard of horticulture and landscape department – college of agriculture – university of Baghdad during the growing season of 2012 To study the effect of foliar spray of GA3 0,100 mg.l-1 and Growmore 0,5,10 gm.l-1 dissolved in medicated water by magnetic 0,1500 gausses on the growth of apple sapling two years old , the results showd that the spray by GA3 100 mg.l-1 and growmore 10 gm.l-1 dissolved in medicated water by magnetic 1500 gausses give best results in leaves content of Chlorophyll 49% SPAD Units , N1.92% ,P 0.28% ,K 1.70% whereas the lesser results in leaves content Chlorophyll 30.67% , N0.85% ,P 0.11% and K 1.12% got by control.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of Bacillus subtilis on control to tomato seed decay and seedling death caused by Rhizoctonia solani Antagonism experiment revealed a significant effect of B. subtilis on reduction in the mean of radial growth of fungus , the radial growth was 19.65mm in present of Bactria , these were significantly different with control treatment that produced mean growth of 60.00 mm ,the inhibition rate was 67.25% . The bacteria produced good protection to seeds and seedling of tomato from the infection of this fungus .We noted that increase the concentration of the bacteria B. subtilis to control fungus R. solani was a significant, where the seeds rot at a concentration 5% ,20 and seedling infected 65 but at a concentration 20% was for seeds 2 and seedling 7 when cover seeds with bacteria, but when add bacteria to the soil were seeds rot at a concentration of 5% 72 and the infected seedling was 7. It was also showed that there are significant differences between different added as the cover seeds with bacteria to protect it from fungus R. solani was more significant than if added bacteria to the soil directly to protection from the fungus, where it was at a concentration 20% the seeds rot 2 and seedling infected 7, and when contaminate bacteria with soil to protect seeds from fungus at a concentration 20% the rotten seeds were 19 and seedlings infected 26.

The research was included to prepare the Sonicated Cryptococcus neoformans and killed whole cell of Salmonella typhimurium antigens and evaluate their effects on the cellular immune response by using DTH-skin test and Lymphocyte /Neutrophil ratio in rats. The rats were divided randomly into four groups (1st group: contain 20 rats were immunized S/C with KWCA-S(9x108 cfu/ml) + KWCSA-C (1000μg/ml), 2nd group contain 20 rats were immunized S/C with KWCA-S (9x108 cfu/ml)+ KWCSA-C (500μg/ml), 3rd group immunized S/C with KWCA-S ( 9x108 cfu/ml) only, 4th group was inoculated S/C with PBS (pH 7.2) and considered as control group. There was significant differences (P<0.05) between 1st; 2nd and 3rd groups compared with control group in rat's footpad thickness. Also there was a significant differences (P<0.05) at day 50 for immunized groups compared with day 10 in Lymphocyte/Neutrophil ratio.

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of secondary compound extracts (phenolic and alkaloid) of Punica granatum fruit peel on the growth and development of hydatid cysts of Echinococcus granulosus in white mice Balb/c and comparative its therapeutic effect with praziquantel drug effect. Then determined the therapeutic dose of crude phenolic compounds which were 79 mg/kg and 80 mg/kg therapeutic dose in crude alkaloid compounds , the therapeutic dose of praziquantel drug was 10mg/kg , These extracts and praziquantel drug which used for oral administration in mice for one month and one dosage as average daily after protoscolices infected and left for four months , The crude phenolic compounds were reduced efficiently the weight , number and diameter of hydatid cysts in infected mice which were 0.0052 gm , 0.66 and 1.55 mm , respectively , The crude phenolic compounds were more effective in reduce the weigh of liver , spleen and lung (2.15, 0.21and 0.22) gm , respectively, comparison with positive control group not treated . The AST and ALT liver enzymes were estimation , Praziquantel drug was efficiently in decrease enzymes level AST and ALT into the normal level which was (170 and 30.76) IU/ml , respectively .

In this paper comprises studing pollen morphology for the species of the genus Rhagadiolus in Iraq which includes R.angulosus , R.edulis , R.hamosus, R.papposus and R.stellatus .Results showed that the pollens Tricolporate , echinate and oblate-spheroidal in shape.All pollens have smsll-medium sized, and the pollen characters were found to be of little taxonomic values .

A field experiment was carried out 2012-2013 on a silt clay loam soil , to study the effects of nitrogen and intercropping of wheat with some legumes on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) A factorial experiment in completely randomized block design with three replicates . consisted two level of nitrogen fertilizer (0 and 50 kg Nha-1 ) and seven cropping systems treatments : wheat , bean , berseem and grass pea as (a sole) and Intercropping of wheat with (bean , berseem and grass pea ) . the area experimental unit was 3mx5 The legumes were sown on October 15, while the wheat was sown on November 25, the nitrogen fertilizer was adders as urea (46%N).

The Survey process Was Conducted in different periods during Spring months ,2002. The infection percentages ranged from 3 to 19%.Erwinia Caroto . isolations that had been taken from these four Storages were identified and had been found that this bacteria was responsible for making this disease inside these storages. Many isolated bacteria that belong to both genus and species were grown at potato dextrose agar (PDA) and McConkey medium . The factors affected the pathogenic ability of Erwinia Caroto . were : temperature , humidity , potato sensitivity , potato wounding and pollution , and the time between wounding and the hading wounds The Study showed that the period 15 days was the best period of heeding wounds when the temperature was 21co at infection volume 5.9ml .Diamont Variety was more sensitive than Desiree variety to be infected by Erwinia Caroto . bacteria .Ethanalic (95%) and bexanic extracts of Blue gum , Black seed , Clovetree , and thyme plants were tested by using paper discs diffusion assay method this shady showed that there was significant increase in inhibition of bacteria from the using hexanic Clovetree extract , 5000 Mgldise Compare with the other plant extracts used . Significant increase of hexanie clovetree extract and ethonolie clovetree extract had been met 100. the ared of bacterial inhibition by paper discs assay were 38 and 22ml , respectively . Hexanic Clovethee extract showed significant increase in bacterial inhibition Compare to antibiotic Agromycine using the same methed of test . the area of bacterial inhibition were 38 and 21ml , respectively

An Experiment were condacte in AL-Muskab Rice Research satation during 2009 to study some genetic parameters of rice semi dwarf and long varities and path coefficient analysis , growth , yield and yield component under different nitrogen rates . The desigh was spilt plot with RCBD arrangement in three replicates . Nitrogen rates ( 100 , 120 , 140 , 200 and 240 kg / ha ) were sub plots , while Rice varities ( 8 ) were main plots .

The experiment was conducted during the season of 2009 – 2010 in al-muhanawia area 10 km north east of Hilla, to study the economic return of Barcelona eggplant yield according to 3 treatments of covering by single and double covering 5 and 10 cm apart and 5 treatments of spraying with water and foliar spraying of agroleaf by 2, 4, 6 and 8 time at rate 12.5g ⁄ l.

This study was conducted in experimental field, department of horticulture , college of agriculture –university of Baghdad , in Abo Graib area for two seasons of spring for years 2011 , 2012 for potatoes yield . This study was included the effect of using of three type from nitrogen fertilizer, as well as to comparison procedure ( Zero) , and two anti- transpiration , as well as to comparison procedure ( Zero). This study was made by using the activity experiences (4*3) within the design RCBD with three repeated , therefore we have 36 experimental units , and after complete the indicators of field and laboratory study the medium was compared for account less moral difference L.S.D. at level of possibility 5% by using program of SAS in the statistics analysis.We can abstract the following results :Superiority of all the resources of nitrogen fertilizer for studded grocer descriptions with comparison procedure if give it N2A0 upper high for plant in the first season as ( 77.8 Cm. ) , and the procedure N2A2 upper high of plant in the second season , and upper leafy area in the first season as (89.4 Cm. , 5003,4 Cm2) continuously, but the procedure N2A1 gave upper rate for number of leafs , and leafy area in the second season as ( 89.5 leaf/plant , 8743 Cm2) continuously, but the procedure N3A2 gave upper number of leaf in the first season as ( 51.5 leaf /plant ) The fertilizer procedures have moral affect in the descriptions of the quantity yield , so that this procedure N1A0 passed by give it upper rate for the weight of the tubercles , and economical yield in the first season as ( 859.3 gm., and 50549 ton/H.) continuously , but in the second season the procedure N1A1 as upper rate of weight for the tubercles and economical yield as ( 1007 gm. And 69051 ton / H )

Results showed that the termin A factorial experiment was conducted in the lath house to investigate the effect of cutting type (terminal, sub-terminal) dates of planting (1/5, 1/6, 1/7/2013) and different concentrations of IBA (0,500,1000,2000 mg/L) and thier interaction on the rooting of cuttings, vegetative growth of Damas plant during summer season / 2013 under the plastic cover using RCBD design with three replicates.

Four levels of nitrogen . 0,40,80 and 120 Kg.ha-1 .Three levels of phosphorus .0, 40,80 and 120 Kg P2O5.ha-1 . and four levels of potassium .0,30,60 and90 Kg k2O. ha-1. 24 treatment combinations comprising of various level of nitrogen , phosphorus and potassium were studied . Randomized complete Block Design with four replications were laid out . The results indicated that potassium application alone showed a significant increase in yield compared to control. Application of potassium in combination with phosphorus showed significant increasmeat in yield of cotton . Application of potassium in combination with phosphorus and different level of nitrogen showed positive response. The interaction treatment of 90 kg.ha-1 potassium and 80 kg.ha-1 of phosphorus and 120 kg N.ha-1 gave a high yield of cotton (2024) kg .ha-1.

Abstract: An experiment was conducted in Agriculture college of Karbala university in lath house during the growing season of 2012-2013 to study the effect of different concentration of dry yeast suspension and liquorice root extraction on shoot and root growth of sour orange transplants. Three replicates were used for each treatment yeast was used at three levels (0 , 1 , 2 ) gm/L and three levels of liquorice (0 , 2 ,4 ) gm/L . The seedling were sprayed at two dates , 1/11/2012 and 15/11/2012 and they were irrigated one day before spraying time . An experiment was conducted according to the completely Randomized Design ( C . R . D ) and analysis of variance (ANOVA) was based on the least significant difference (P=0,05) . All measurement was taken at the mid of may Results showed that .

An experiment was carried out in one of the private field in Al-Radwaniah , western south of Baghdad to study the effect of spraying two types of organic fertilizers , Alexin [0 (control) , 1.25 g/L (Alx1) and 2.5 g/L (Alx2)] and Tronver [0 (control) , 1.5 ml/L (Tro1) and 3 ml / L (Tro2) ] using four verities of potatoes Arizona , Riviera , Ambition and Lusa class Elite . Potato tubers were planted on 2-Feb-2013 used application N,P,K 120 : 60 : 200 kg / ha . Plants were spread at 45 and 65 days after planting . Split Plot Design with three replications was used. Results showed that Ambition was superior in number of stems per plant (4.60 stem / plant) and greatest number of marketable tubers (7.05 tuber / plant) and highest average tuber weight (107.87 g/tuber) and greatest of yield per plant (788.16 g) and marketable yield (40.69 ton/ha) . Fertilizer Tro2 gave highest in all vegetable growth and yield characteristics. Treatment Ambition with Tro2 was superior in most yield characteristics , its gave greatest number of marketable tubers (8.47 tuber / plant) , highest yield per plant (947 g / plant) and greatest marketable yield (50.07 ton / ha) , while treatment Lusa with Tro2 gave greatest of average tuber weight (112.43 g / tuber). The suggestion could be made that spraying of organic fertilizer Tronver in concentration 3 ml/L , 45 and 65 after planting resulted in highest yield per plant and marketable yield and produce healthy crop contain small amount of pollution chemical.

A study was conducted to evaluate the effect fertility to iron in soils from 20 sites Euphrates in the growing season ( 2012-2013 ) . The study included tow experiments the first laboratory to assess the efficiency of the four ways to extract iron and ready-to- plant and two biological experience of the first to identify the critical limit for iron soil ready. Has been added to iron metal FeSO4.7H2O (20% Fe) are two levels (5,0 ) mg . Kg -1 soil and plant wheat planting class ( Tamouz-2 ) as evidence . Use randomized complete block design RCBD averages were compared by LSD test and the level of probability of 0.05 results of the study can be summarized as follows :

A field trial for exotic and local popcorn (Zea mays L. everta) varieties was carried out during fall season at Al-Tuwaitha (T) and Al- Latyfia (L) Experimental Stations, Agricultural Research Directorate. The objective of this study was to assess the performance of exotic hybrids of Popcorn, in comparison with local Shammia Babil variety, so as to identify the exceeded one that may introduce in expanded program of yield trials. Results revealed the superiority of the overall exotic hybrids in grain yield per plant except the Robust 41-10 at (T) and (L) Experimental Stations and A3004, 33103, 33101, 9330 and 12164 hybrids at (L) experimental station. The local Shammia Babil variety gave 30.2 and 38.8 g/ plant of grain yield at the two locations, respectively. No significant effect on popping expansion was observed at (T) Experimental Station, while high significant differences were observed at (L) Experimental Station for popping expansion. This result may reflect the genetic deterioration for the local variety. Pooled analysis revealed the superiority of 10 hybrids in yield, popping expansion and other agronomic characters, that may included in expanded yield trials.

The aim of this study is to elucidate the synergistic role of ascorbic (AsA) and salicylic acids (SA) through different timing of their supplying with auxin (IAA) in adventitious root formation of mung bean cuttings under controlled conditions . AsA concentrations that stimulates rooting response with healthy features were 50,100,200 ppm but the best rooting response occurred at 200 ppm , that raised the rooting response to 2.3 times compared to control .The best SA concentration recorderd at 10-6 M which developed significant increase in root number 17 root compared to control 10.4 root. Using Hoagland́s solution in half strength with AsA increased roots number and length in the cuttings that treated with AsA at 100 , 200 ppm compared to AsA alone whereas Hoagland΄s solution with SA has no significant affect . AsA didn΄t act synergistically with IAA , 5 10-4 M but the best rooting response required, supplying AsA after IAA (posttreatment).SA has a synergistic action with IAA when supplied after IAA (posttreatment) .The later case raised the root numbr to 80 root comparing to SA (17 root) or IAA (70 root ) when supplied as indivisual for both .

A field trial for exotic and local popcorn (Zea mays L. everta) varieties was carried out during fall season at Al-Tuwaitha (T) and Al- Latyfia (L) Experimental Stations, Agricultural Research Directorate. The objective of this study was to assess the performance of exotic hybrids of Popcorn, in comparison with local Shammia Babil variety, so as to identify the exceeded one that may introduce in expanded program of yield trials. Results revealed the superiority of the overall exotic hybrids in grain yield per plant except the Robust 41-10 at (T) and (L) Experimental Stations and A3004, 33103, 33101, 9330 and 12164 hybrids at (L) experimental station. The local Shammia Babil variety gave 30.2 and 38.8 g/ plant of grain yield at the two locations, respectively. No significant effect on popping expansion was observed at (T) Experimental Station, while high significant differences were observed at (L) Experimental Station for popping expansion. This result may reflect the genetic deterioration for the local variety. Pooled analysis revealed the superiority of 10 hybrids in yield, popping expansion and other agronomic characters, that may included in expanded yield trials.

This experiments was carried out in agricultural field in Alamadiya location about 23 Km south of Hillah city, during the spring seasons 2012 to study the effect intercropping and organic-mineral fertilization on growth and production potato and sweet corn, according to split plot withen randomized complete block design, with three replicates.

To study effect of genotypes different experiments were conducted uses stats hydroponics technique, to intention study effect of Fe and three levels of bicarbonate stress (0,800,1600 µM/L) ,from KHCO3 silt . Four varieties of Bread Wheat (Iraq, Tahady, Fateh and Sally). Experiment setup using Complete Randomized Design (CRD). Results of this Study showed varieties exposure to Fe stress redound in development and emersion iron deficiency. Iron deficiency differences between wheat varieties .Varieties exposure to Fe,HCO3(800 and 1600 µM/L)stress exacerbate iron deficiency phenomenon . Active iron concentration a significant decreased when varieties grown under Fe, HCO3 stress, with superior Iraq in active iron concentration (11.00 and 28.20 mg/Kg) at highest HCO3 stress (1600 µM/L) under Fe deficient or efficient respectively. All varieties given high assemble of organic acid (Malic, Citric and Oxalic) in Roots. This is clear signaler on varieties were affected to Fe and HCO3 stress. Antioxidant enzymes activity (SOD,POD,CAT) were given clear signaler on effected of wheat varieties under Fe,HCO3 stress .This is deductive on scavenging to ROS eventual from Fe,HCO3 stress.Iraq given highest values in SOD(268.2 and 112.8 u/mg p.),when growth under Fe efficient or deficient respectively. Peroxidase enzyme was difference behavior as SOD .Iraq was given highest values of POD (28.23 and 46.33 Ua/gm) under Fe and HCO3 (1600 µM/L) stress .Highest values of CAT (46.36 to 153.44 u/mg p.) Was recorded with Iraq under Fe, HCO3 stress. This study suggested capability to use antioxidant enzymes activity as important criterion to separation efficiencies varieties which tolerance Fe, HCO3 stress, and give early signaler to varieties separation to stress tolerance.

The aims of the present study are to isolate and Identify the main fungi associated with crown and root rot disease on cotton plant in Babylon province , antagonistic abilities of the some pant extracts and bioagents against of pathogen under laboratory conditions. the result showed the distribution of the disease in all fields in percentage of disease incidence 40-100% and severity 15-75%. The results of isolation and Identification showed that fungus Rhizoctonia solani is presented in the most samples they isolates were identified up to the genus and species level ,the Identification is based on their cultural and morphological characteristics. The test of pathogencity of R. solani isolates showed that isolates were effect on cotton seed germination percentage, which was between 0.0-70.0%, compared to the control 95.0 %. Results showed that the pathogenic isolates caused significant reduction in stem height, wet and dry weight by increase percentage of disease incidence and severity. The effect of plant extracts on R. solani growth was different with different concentrations caused significant inhibition in growth rate of R. solani. The 10% concentration of Common Bugloss. (Anchusa officinalis) and Black Cumin (Nigella sativa) inhibited the fungal growth to 5.7 and 6.7cm and inhibit percentage 37.0 and 25.9% respectively whereas, the Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum), extract was less effect on fungus growth in the same concentration. T. harzianum fungus had highly antagonistic ability followed by Aspergillus niger and Penicillium spp. against the pathogenic isolate of R. solani on medium.

This research was conducted at the Pomegranate orchard/Horticulture Dept., College of Agriculture University of Baghdad , for two season 2000/2001 to study the response of Pomegranate trees cv. Jillawi to different levels of pruning 0 (T0),25% (Ti),50 % (T2) and75% (T3) of Heading back on vegetative and yield characteristics.12 trees had been selected to fifteen years old of trees which planting at4x4mdistance.The experiment

A experiment was conducted at the field of the Department of Horticulture and Gardening Design, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad during the spring seasons of 2012 and 2013. Three varieties of watermelon (Charleston Gray, Crimson Sweet, and Sugar Baby) were crossed in all combinations during the spring season of 2012.

A field experiment was conducted near the city of Hilla / Iraq to study the spatial variability for different soil physical properties, and then determining the most appropriate way to predict the values of these properties at the sites that have not taken soil samples, in order to draw a three-dimensional maps of these properties.

1. High rates of soil salinity for the wells which is far from the main drainage compared to the wells near it, this could be referred to the dramatic impact of the depth of ground water in the process of salinization.

The cumulative infiltration was measured at Field 15 sites in the province of Babylon in the soils of different textuer , and with different content of organic material using a Double ring infiltrometer , to compared some equations to describe the infiltration at different areas of the province of Babylon, including experimental and other semi - experimental addition to the equations of the physical basis , to see the best compatibility of these equations , which is commensurate with the circumstances of the province of Babylon soils . The results showed consensus high to infiltration calculated from equations ( Kostiakov, 1932 ; Michael, 1978 ; Kirkham and Feng,1949 ; Horton, 1940 ; Kostiakov-Philip and Philip, 1957) with infiltration cumulative Field , while values showed infiltration calculated from equations (1980 Ghosh and Philip, 1957 & Young, 1968 (1) and Philip, 1957 & Young, 1968 (2) and Philip, 1969 and AL Doori.1986 and Hadi 1, 2005 and Talsms-Parlange, 1972 and Hadi 2, 2005) less compatible with the values of Field infiltration measured in the province .

A laboratory experiment was conducted to study the effect of organic waste and phosphate fertilizer on the phosphorous phases for two surface soils in the areas of ,, Kufa and Jabla, having different calcareous amounts (120 and 270) gm.kg-1 soil, respectively. Three levels of organic material, (0, 25 and 50%) were added to the soil followed by four levels of phosphorus (0, 50, 100 and 200) mg P. Kg- for incubation period of eight weeks.

The study was conducted in the agriculture season(2012-2013) to inrestigate the effectiveness of cold water and boiled extracts of Tamarix macrocarppa and Ziziphus mill in growth and the productivity of plant Solanum melogena . The treatment has concentrations (5 ,12.5 ,25)% for each extract as well as control treatment which was only distilled water after the emergence of, it was the first operation to spray the plant eggplant, where he was aged 30 days . The highest rate of plant height was ( 49.14) cm when treated with cold water of Z.mill at concentration 25% and for the time period( 5/3/2013 ) , compared with (42) cm in the control treatment in the same time period , while the lowest rate of plant height was ( 2.77 )cm in boiled water of Z.mill at concentration 5% in the time period ( 5/12/2012 ) , compared with ( 5.13) cm in the control treatment at the same time period. The highest rate of productivity was ( 468.37 ) gm when treated with boiled water extract of Z.mill at concentration 25% in the time period (28/2/2013 ) , compared with ( 334.87 ) gm in the control treatment at the time period (8/4/2013 ) , while the lowest rate of productivity was ( 50) gm when treatment withcold water extract T.macrocarppa at concentration 25% in the time period (17/2/2103) , compared with ( 43.6 ) g in the control treatment at the same time period.

A field experiment was conducted in Al-musayeb project during 2012/2013. Split plot design was used with two factors. The first was irrigation water salinity in which three levels 1.1, 4.2, 8.2 dsm-1 were used. The second factor was sewage sludge applications in which four levels (0, 20, 40, 80 ton.hec-1) were used. There were 12 treatment combinations replicated three times. The results showed that All plant growth parameters such as plant height, dry matter, grain yield, 1000 seeds weight, no. of spikes per square meter, chlorophyll content in leaves were decreased with increasing irrigation water salinity while they were increased with increasing sewage sludge levels. The additions of sewage sludge to the soil reduce the harmful effects of saline water on plant growth and some soil charateristics.

Laboratory studies were conducted in A l -Mussaib Technical Callage -Babylon brovence during 2013 to evaluate effect of Paecilomyces fumosoroseus in different concentration ( 10-1 _ 10-6) spore ̸ ml. on controlling some of homoptera insects (Bemisia tbaci ,Aphis gossypii and Ommitissus lybicas ) the results showed: