Iraqi Journal of Humanitarian, Social and Scientific Research

The study, aimed, too identify, they occupational pressures and, their, relationship to, the administrative performance off Headmasters of preparatory schools from their teachers point of view . The study sample consisted of (316) male and female teachers in preparatory schools in the city of Mosul for the academic year (2022-2021) .In order to measure the study two tools (Occupational pressures, administrative performance) were built for the Headmasters of preparatory schools from the teachers' point of view, and to find the validity of the two study tools, the apparent validity, the construction validity, and the discrimination of paragraphs were used. For two independent samples, and Pearson's correlation equation, and after analyzing the data statistically, the result showed that there is a negative correlation between the variables of occupational stress and administrative performance among the headmasters of preparatory schools from their teachers point of view . In light of the results reached, a number of recommendations and proposals were developed.

The history of Iraq and the Arabian Gulf remains a fertile place for academic studies, as it has attracted the attention of many researchers due to the strategic, economic and cultural importance of the region, as well as the succession of political, regional and international powers over its rule, which controlled its ability for its own benefit, and Egypt had a major role in the Arabian Gulf region after it ruled it. The ambitious governor, Muhammad Ali Pasha, who aspired to be an Arab state with its center in Egypt, so he headed for an expansionist policy in the Levant and the Arabian Peninsula, and he fought a long struggle with the Ottoman Empire and the impact of this conflict on the countries of the Arab Gulf in general and Iraq in particular As he played a major role in changing the course of Iraqi history, and the position of the people and the Arab and Kurdish clans in support of Muhammad Ali was one of the factors that gave Iraq importance and a special status in the conflict between Muhammad Ali and the Ottoman Sultan. Without it, as we will explain in the folds of the research

The Holy Qur’an, since its revelation, came to confirm the greatness of the Creator and his ability to spread the light of Islam in the souls, from which good deeds and sound behavior arise in consolidating relations and building societies that highlight the benevolent qualities in the human personality. And because the Holy Qur’an has a power of expression and eloquence in style that captures hearts and draws souls to it miraculously, this was one of the reasons behind my choice of this topic, and also my desire to know the Qur’anic approach to promotion. This is when a number of corresponding issues are mentioned, and there is no doubt that there is great wisdom behind this, which I do not pretend to be aware of. Rather, it is a simple attempt to collect as many pearls as possible. The search for promotion may not have its material available in books of interpretation or books of Qur’anic sciences, so it adopted the analytical approach and extracted the meanings associated with the place, which is from the researcher’s understanding of the Qur’anic verses in the light of the sayings of the interpreters and their approaches, for the absence of such investigations. The research also aims to stand on the Quranic approach to promotion and its wisdom in Surat Al-Baqarah. After the introduction, the research included two topics, namely: the first topic: the definition of promotion, and the second topic: the applications of promotion in Surat Al-Baqarah..

Arab attitudes toward the Lebanese civil war varied from one country to another, some of which directly intervened militarily and others supported this or that party. The Arab countries had a distinguished position on the Lebanese crisis, and the importance of the Kuwaiti positions stems from the fact that they kept pace with the events of the war since its outbreak in 1975 until the foundations for its end were laid in the 1989 Taif Conference, Although the Kuwaiti position experienced some apathy at certain stages, especially when the Arab Gulf region witnessed the outbreak of the Iran-Iraq war 1980-1988 and the increasing Iranian threat to Kuwait's security in response to its supportive position for Iraq in that war.

The principle in the guarantee contract is that it is one of the donation contracts, and this contract obligates the person to have the capacity to donate, and also this capacity must be available in the kind guarantee according to the original, so it is sufficient for the creditor to be distinguished.

The research aims to find out the reality of the curricula in the information departments and libraries, and to identify the cognitive skills of the workers in the central library (in the study sample). The study population was represented by the General Secretariat of the Central Library of the Iraqi University, and a deliberate sample of (19) information specialists working in the library. The research concluded that there is a gap between the academic curricula and the work environment of the information specialist. Which affects his professional competence. The absence of planning for the needs of the labor market before formulating the curricula, and their stability on one position, and the increase in the number of theoretical hours at the expense of the applied side, in addition to the need to increase the curricula with a digital orientation. It was recommended to reformulate the school curricula in line with the changes in the digital environment. Orientation towards providing an integrated learning environment instead of training in traditional ways; Work in information institutions does not depend on theoretical study.

This research is an attempt to collect the sayings of the grammarians (those who came after al-Zajaj) on the issues presented by al-Zajaj in his book.

Iraq, including Dhi Qar Governorate, is considered one of the geographical areas that lack natural sources of clean and potable water such as rivers, and therefore the water desalination industry is one of the necessary industries, and this necessity is due to the challenges facing water from a shortage in quantities and an increase in pollutants, especially in Iraq and the governorate Dhi Qar, the number of water desalination plants and plants in the governorate is 21 plants and desalination plants, the largest part of which is located in the center of Nasiriyah district, which has the largest population size. And that this industry is not enough to meet the governorate’s need for its products, especially in the summer when the temperature rises, and the products of the water desalination industry are essential for feeding various occasions (religious and others) as they are presented in the form of small and ready-made mugs and bottles that meet the consumer’s need.

It was natural for the Algerian army to occupy an important position in this era in the history of Algeria due to the great role it played throughout the period of the French occupation of Algeria and after its independence, and the term of the rule of President Ahmed Ben Bella is one of the distinct stages in which the role of the army emerged as the first government after independence And that he arrived on his shoulders, and as a result, clear contradictions emerged between President Ahmed Ben Bella because of his civilian orientation, and the army, headed by Defense Minister Houari Boumediene, if this stage witnessed a civil-military conflict imposed by the nature of the political conditions that prevailed at the time

The setback that befell the Iraqi Communist Party after the revolution of February 8, 1963 and the resulting intellectual and organizational confusion had the greatest impact on the isolation of the party and the deepening of its internal crisis, especially after the campaign of arbitrary arrests that affected its members and supporters, which continued at the same pace for a few months after the revolution until some cells and organizations managed to Whoever healed her wounds in an attempt to prove that I am first that I am, then she took upon herself the responsibility of reviving the party’s organizations and reviving the revolutionary spirit, allowing him the conditions of secret work to pounce on the regime, which quickly collapsed on itself in the apostasy of November 18, 1963, after which the seeds of division began in the party that held a meeting in August In 1964, he adopted a policy of appeasing the authority, which caused internal conflicts and disputes that were reflected in the entire course of the party and its practical practices, and affected its social position, its relations with other political forces, its movement among the masses, its organizational structure, and the activity of its organizations and bodies of various degrees. If his crisis and the crisis of his leadership deepened on a large scale, and many strange appearances prevailed in its ranks, and circles, blocs, and rebellions emerged, a thousand rivalries. Cree and personal among the members of one party and tearing it into blocs and connections and multiple centers.

The phenomenon of early marriage is one of the human phenomena with demographic and social impacts on the population, as it contributes to perpetuating illiteracy and poverty among minors (males and females), and the high rates of divorce and family disintegration. related to women's affairs, and the detection of spatial variation at the level of administrative units. The study focused on the demographic characteristics of early marriage cases and the influencing factors, as well as the effects resulting from them. (Questionnaire form) The study reached a number of results, the most prominent of which were several social problems.

The results of expansionary austerity policies differ from one country to another. For example, in Greece, clear austerity measures were taken, such as increasing taxes, reducing subsidies, and reducing public sector salaries. It also included tax cuts for certain groups to mitigate the impact of other measures. In Brazil, this policy was effective and had an expansionary effect in stimulating Economic growth and reducing inflation rates, given that government spending in Brazil is less productive than private sector spending in the long term, which supports the hypothesis of expansionary austerity. Unemployment and indebtedness, as well as the decline in the gross domestic product, due to the financial crisis that Algeria suffered in 2008 and 2014, as a result of the drop in oil prices. These policies reduced the inflation rate and reduced the fiscal deficit.

There is no exaggeration when we say that the play of Hamlet provided an extensive study of the depth of human psyche, included the psychological, social, and moral aspects. There are thousands of books and articles on this subject, and though this modest research does not exceed what were written, but its importance lies in highlighting some important elements that the play contained. The research contains an introduction about the writer, Shakespeare, some important topics that the play included, analytical review to the main characters, and finally some critical views.

The research dealt with the analysis of sectoral and spatial trends for the settlement of large industries in Dhi Qar Governorate for the year 2021. The establishment and settlement of industries in the governorate that the district of Nasiriyah collected the largest number of comparison points because it obtained 43.43% of the comparison points.

This study investigates the problems of translating the names of fire in the Glorious Quran into English. It aims at finding the most appropriate rendition of the name of fire. It is hypothesized that dynamic translation should be adopted in capturing the rhetorical function of the names of fire. Nidas' model(formal and dynamic equivalence) is adopted. The study has revealed that inappropriate translations distort the intended meaning of the fire names.

The research aims to find out the impact of the linear model on the achievement of social studies among the sixth grade students. The researcher chose the sixth grade students as a field for the current research.Where the sample consisted of (60) students distributed equally into two groups (experimental and control) with (30) students for each group، and after correcting the answers and processing the data statistically، the results showed: its effectiveness in increasing the achievement of the sixth grade students in the social subject.

This resrarch, entitled (Abu al-Abbas Tha,lab in his interpretation of the bwldings of bawayh). Studies the most important meth odologicl characteristocs of Abu al-Abbas Ahmed bin Yahya, Tha,lab in his lost book Tafsir Abniyat sibawayh, in wich he dealt with the interpretation oof what wau mentioned in the buildings in sibawayh,s book, wich were explained by many great scholars the ancients, snchas Abu Hatim hn his book sibawayh buildings, and Abu Omar al Jarmi in his book, Explantion of the buildings of the book and others… for was among those scholars who expbin sibawayh buildings and singled them out with care and authorship, but we wewe unable to access his book, and in became lost However, wefind many of his texts Preseved in the books of grammarians, fox was ore of the grat position, so I collected those text, and devoted another characteristics that emerged on his abbroach throught those text.

Despite the importance of environmental development in developing performance and supporting competitive advantage in economic units, there is a gap and lack of coordination between Combined Assurance providers (management, internal audit, external audit) to report on environmental development, and the research aims to measure the impact of Combined Assurance providers in achieving the dimension, The environment in the Iraqi economic units, as the joint affirmation was measured using a questionnaire that was distributed to the individuals of the research sample, which was designed in line with the objective of the research, and the questionnaire was divided into two axes representing the first axis of Combined Assurance affirmation and it contained three dimensions (management, internal audit, external audit). ), while the second axis represents the environmental dimension, After the hypotheses of the research were tested according to statistical methods, a set of conclusions was reached, the most important of which was the submission of an oversight report by the assurance providers that includes auditing and unifying the activities of the environmental dimension so that the economic unit can follow up on the extent to which it preserves economic and environmental resources, and the research reached the most important recommendations They are: Combined Assurance should be implemented in Iraqi economic units, particularly the Baghdad Municipality, as it provides a comprehensive view of senior management on potential risks related to environmental activities.

The Abbasid state was established in (132 AH / 749 AD), which lasted for nearly a third of a century, and the Abbasid caliphs were able to achieve their achievements in all fields. The second Abbasid era (232 AH - 656 AH / 846 - 1258 AD) witnessed a great development, as the authority of the servants who specialized Serving the Caliphs, the Abbasid Caliphs used to buy slaves a lot, and they established their own bureau for them called (Diwan Al-Ghulaman). Important figures emerged who were able to run the affairs of the state, and the political roles played by the servants had the effect of changing the course of events for the Abbasid Caliphate.

This modest research deals with the extraordinary position occupied by the category of judges in Andalusian society and the distinguished role of them within the scope of their society, as they influenced in various aspects as an essential party in society.The researcher followed the descriptive approach in tracking the forms of poetic and prose discourse such as sermons and letters, and the analytical approach in studying these works and standing on the literary elements in them.
The study of the research required that it be divided into two sections after the introduction, which included: the importance of the research, the reason for choosing the topic, the research methodology, and its plan, as follows:
The first topic: the concept of the judiciary in language and terminology, the conditions of the judge, and the status of jurists and the judiciary in Andalusian society, and it contains three demands: the first: the concept of the judiciary in language and terminology, the second: the conditions of the judge, and the third requirement: the status of jurists and the judiciary in Andalusian society.
As for the second topic: it was for the contributions of the judges of Andalusia in the literary aspects, and it includes three demands: the first requirement: the cultural and literary conditions in Andalusia, and the second requirement: the impact of the judges’ revolutions in Andalusia on the general conditions, the third requirement: literary arts among the judges of Andalusia.
Then the conclusion, which included the most important findings of the research.
Finally, there was evidence of sources and references.

With the science of morphology, you know the different structures of speech, and what is derived from them, such as the chapters of verbs and their conjugation, the origin of the construction (verb or infinitive), sources of their types, derivatives, and others.The commentator Al-Darabi, in his explanation of the supplication texts in Al-Sahifa Al-Sajjadiyya, dealt with the investigations of morphology. It deals with the meaning of verbs, the sources and derivatives, the alternation of formulas, masculine and feminine, and others.
The research examines two of these indications:
The first: the semantics of more verbs
The second: the meanings of the sources

Muhammad Saeed Al Ghazi is considered one of the influencial Damascus national figures, and was an experienced jurist and politician, He was elected as a deputy for more than once and became a prime minister in different governments because of his higher political and social roles he was the best defender of the rights of his country and the opponent of the French, Mandate authority and of the strongest opponents of its despotic policy and the weak governments loyal to France.

This research aims to identify the effect of using the pattern of visual cues in reducing attention deficit hyperactivity disorder among kindergarten children, To achieve this goal, a sample of the children of my kindergarten (My Second Home, Al-Rayaheen) was selected in the province of Baghdad. It consisted of (20) boys and girls, who were divided into two groups, the experimental and the control group, Each group of them consisted of (10) children who suffer from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, who were diagnosed with the help of their teachers in the classroom according to the scale (Al-Darris, Al-Dahri, 2010) that was adopted with some minor modifications to some of its paragraphs, in line with the reality of The child in Iraqi society and its environment .The scale includes (35) items distributed on three axes representing symptoms of ADHD, and the pattern of visual cues was applied to the experimental group using a set of symbols and geometric shapes (ADHD).

International studies are considered studies that are characterized by the complexity of their aspects and the complexity of their dimensions, as they often represent the political, economic and cultural goals and interests of the state vis-à-vis other countries. In the political, economic and cultural levels between the two countries, and both Iraq and Yugoslavia sought to strengthen and develop relations between them, especially after May 1980, and the dimensions of those relations represented all levels, the most important of which was the political aspect represented by the position of Yugoslavia in finding peaceful solutions to resolve the Iraqi conflict The Iranian side within the Non-Aligned Movement, as well as the political relations that gathered the two parties through official visits, and the economic relations between Iraq and Yugoslavia represented the continuation of the work of the Iraqi-Yugoslav Joint Committee for Economic and Technical Cooperation through which the two governments sought to strengthen economic relations between them, and the two sides also tried to strengthen And the development of relations through the cultural aspect, as the two sides concluded many of the following Media, radio, television and technical agreements, which included the exchange of experiences, publications, and study fellowships.

Women represent the prominent political role that has been characterized by her thought and reason throughout the ages, and the matter was not limited to the mothers of the caliphs and their wives, but rather reached the concubines and the rulers. The actor in the political and administrative life until it reached and controlled all of it and its conduct according to its whims

The aim of the current research is to reveal educational platforms in university education, the Edmodo platform as a model, and to achieve the goal of the research, the researcher formulated the following questions: What are educational platforms? What are the advantages of educational platforms? What are the functions of educational platforms? What is the Edmodo educational platform? And what is the theoretical basis of the Edmodo platform? What are the areas of using the educational platform Edmodo? And what are the advantages of using the educational platform (Edmodo) in the educational process? What are the previous studies that dealt with the educational platform Edmodo? Through her answer to the research questions, the researcher drew a set of conclusions:
1- The educational platform - Edmodo - works to enrich the courses in universities
2- Edmodo is an educational platform that is easy to use and uncomplicated.
3- The necessity of students at the Ibn Rushd College of Education for Human Sciences on educational platforms, including the Edmodo educational platform, to raise the level of learning by increasing achievement and enhancing thinking patterns.

This wonderful manuscript on Hanafi jurisprudence, which is entitled (Risala fi Iftrash Silk and its pillows) by its author (the scholar Muhammad bin Hamza al-Aydani al-Kuzil Lahsari, who died after the year 1122 AH), known as Haji Amirzadeh. Silk and its cushioning, and the second saying of hating silk bedding, and the author was creative in raising the issue with its evidence. The hadiths were translated into their correct meanings, they were known in linguistic terms, translated for media and books, and the issue was documented from the books of the Hanafi school of thought.

The aim of the current research is to find out:
Design thinking skills of biology teachers in the preparatory stage.
The differences in the design thinking skills of biology teachers according to the gender variable . To achieve the objectives of the research, the researchers chose a sample of (100) teachers and teachers of biology for the preparatory stage who are affiliated with the Directorate of Education of Al-Qadisiyah for the academic year 2021-2022. The researchers reached the results:
Biology teachers have the skills of design thinking.
There are differences in the design thinking skills of biology teachers for the preparatory stage according to the gender variable and in favor of the teachers.

high rates of morbidity and mortality. It is also the most common reason for fatal vaccine-preventable disease cases. Seasonal influenza epidemics cause between 3-5 million episodes of serious disease and between 250,000 and 500,000 fatalities worldwide each year. Seasonal influenza is caused by viruses of three different types: A, B, and C. Successful influenza management plans are shaped by modifying one's lifestyle
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to evaluate patients' knowledge, attitudes, and practices about seasonal influenza and vaccination.
METHODS
Cross-sectional research was performed involving 200 patients who attending to the centers for primary healthcare in Baghdad city, from 1st February to the end of April 2019, through direct interview using a structured pre-tested questionnaire.
RESULTS
From 200 participants; the mean age respondents was 34.57 15.258 SD years, with females predominant were 117 (58.5%) and males were 83 (41.5%). Low vaccination rate (24.5%) was reported. More than half of the participants (57.5%) were in low KAP level. There were highly statistical significant associations between vaccination status with knowledge (p=0.000), attitude (p=0.000) and Practices on Influenza and its vaccine (p<0.001). This study also found statistically significant correlations between knowledge and educational level (p= 0.030), knowledge and practices (p0.036), and attitudes and practices (p0.015).
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
The key components to increasing vaccination coverage are developing novel methods to raise public awareness of the influenza vaccine, reassuring people of the vaccine's efficacy and safety, and including the shot in the national immunization program.

One of the most important organs in the United Nations is the UN Security Council, and since its formation after World War II, which has played a key role in contributing to the maintenance of international peace and security and has become a guarantee for achieving this purpose. The UN Security Council has powers that enabled it to implement its goals, and the participating members had an active role in achieving its goals, and its formation and the nature of its work and voting in it had a great impact on achieving those goals, through its committees, which had an important role that gave fruits in achieving the desired goals. The subject of the study is focused on the powers of the UN Security Council in the light of the provisions of Chapter VII, we have presented it in two sections, I spoke in the first about the role of the Security Council at the United Nations and in the second topic about the competencies of the UN Security Council. The researcher concluded the importance of the Security Council in the international approach through the legal powers granted by the Charter of the United Nations to this fundamental and important organ, and despite the political independence of the Great Powers of the Security Council to achieve their own interests, this use does not diminish the importance of this legal and realistic organ. It is also the only current body that is authorized by public international law to use force for the purpose of maintaining international peace and security, in addition to other measures that address the issue of the threat of force and the powers of the Council to follow up on hotbeds of tension in the world.

Our study sought to search for the absent Andalusian identity in the era of the caliphate and the sects. It appeared to us, through selected poetic texts, that the Andalusians tried to establish their identity in the era of the caliphate in various ways and means because they felt an inferior look that they received from their eastern brothers. This is due to the spatial and temporal dimension of the decisions of science and literature / Baghdad. In order to avoid that view, they employ all their energies and linguistic and cultural capabilities in order to produce a poem that is comparable to the Levantine poem, and even surpasses it in many respects. Among the pioneers who followed the East and put their mark on Andalusian poetry, Ibn Abd Rabbo Al-Andalusi, Ibn Shahid, Ibn Hazm Al-Andalusi, and Ibn Daraj Al-Qastly, These and others established the Andalusia identity in the era of the caliphate, then others tried to prove the Andalusia identity in the era of the kings of the sects based on their knowledge reference and the opportunity rhymes, their great stock of knowledge that they kept in their memory even if the opportunity came, they employed that stock and produced poems that raise the astonishment of the recipient by linking their reference Knowledge and their poetic talent Succession.

The entry of philosophy into Islam formed two groups, the first: a supporter and the second opposed. Each of the two groups presented the arguments that prove their opinion on philosophy according to the point of view of each group, between what worked with it and what was forbidden to engage in it. Because it has a Greek origin belonging to Aristotle and Plato, it is not necessary to deal with it in its use in Islamic foundations.The Muslim philosophers, despite all the attempts to distance philosophy from Islam, but they formulated an Islamic philosophy specific to Muslims according to Islamic data and corroborated from the legal text of it. In his life and died by his death by building a sound philosophical framework based on the text and the law, and they emphasized that it is the basis for the establishment of science and religion, which is based on consideration and rational reasoning.

In linguistics, and particularly phonology, stress is relative emphasis or prominence given to a certain syllable in a word, or to a certain word in a phrase or sentence. This emphasis is typically caused by such properties as in creased loudness and vowel length and changes in pitch. The terms stress and accent an often used synonymously in the context, with accent being more strictly sound-based.
The present study aims at assessing the errors made by Iraqi learners of English at the university level and identifying the difficulties they encounter in pronouncing and recognizing the stressed syllables. The main purpose of this study is to assess EFL learners' abilities to pronounce and recognize stressed syllables in disyllabic and trisyllabic words.
A diagnostic test is designed and administered to a sample of 50 students of third year, Department of English, Iraqiya University. The results show that most learners encounter more difficulties at the production level as the rate of their incorrect answers is (68.52%) compared to (45.92%) for their incorrect answers at the recognition level. The subject's errors as well as causes are identified and analyzed and accordingly conclusion is drawn.

The researcher addressed in his research (Ibn Kamal Basha and his approach in his book "The interpretation of Surah Al-Mulk").The purpose of the study was to highlight the personality of this great scholar of the tenth century AH, and to explain his approach of interpretation, and to clarify this type of interpretation (altafsir). The researcher followed the descriptive approach in this research.The topic of research began with an introduction, in which he mentioned the importance of the research, its title, and the plan that followed in the research, then touched on the author's life. After that, he gave a general and illustrative picture of Surat Al-Mulk. Then the researcher dealt with the author's approach in his book; So he started explaining his approach to interpretation according to the aphorism, and his approach to interpretation according to the opinion, with applied examples from the book to clarify the idea. Until the researcher reached, to the statement of the great scientific status of the author in his time. So he is one of the most prominent scholars of his time. Therefore, this interpretation is a mixture between interpretation by aphorism and interpretation by opinion. But it is closer to interpretation by opinion. So we conclude that the author was a prominent figure in his style in writing. As well as in his preference for some opinions over others.

The values that contribute to its shake are social trust, because the consequent dangers and losses make the individual in a state of intellectual anxiety, leading to a crack in the beliefs he holds.The current research aims to identify the degree of risk perception, the difference in the degree of risks perception according to the variables of gender (males-females) and specialization (scientific-human), identify the degree of social trust, the difference in the degree of social trust according to the variables of gender (male-female), specialization (scientific - human) and the relationship between risks perception and social trust among university students .The sample amounted to (374) male and female students from Wasit University / preliminary studies and they used the risk perception scale built by the researcher and the social trust scale (Al-Nadawi, 2000) as a tool for research after the application, the data was collected. And processed statistically, the research reached the following results:The sample members have a high degree of risk, and there are no differences in risk perception according to the variables of sex, specialization, and social trust is medium, and there are no differences in social trust according to the variable of sex and specialization, and there is a relationship between risk perception and social trust. In light of the results, the researcher presented some conclusions, suggestions, and recommendations.

The new rhetoric has witnessed growth through various new horizons, and they were different in their horizons and goals. These horizons are not only related to the internal trends of the new rhetorical studies, but they represent different methods from a new perspective. The addressee (constitutes a prominent presence in the rhetorical discourse, the patterns of discourse varied in consideration of him, as the discourse is captive to awareness of the patterns of thinking that affect him in himself. And the addressee will be affected by it clearly. When the recipient is a target, the type of words, expressions and sentences used by the sender will lead to and reinforce the target, taking into consideration that the nature of the phrases uttered by the sender in his speech must be in accordance with the context of the situation, and thus the discourse varies and multiplies within the same discourse.

Praise be to God who engraved monotheism in the hearts of His saints, clothed them with the garment of piety, so they praised His bounties, and guided them in the path of knowledge, so they carried His flag, and prayers and peace be upon He who increased the universe with its splendour , our Prophet Muhammad, and all of his family and companions, and those who followed in their path until the Day of Judgment.The inscriptions of the rings and their significance are among the important topics that were not concerned with a thorough study, and it was chosen by the grace of God, and then by the distinguished Dr. The introductory requirement was included in three branches. The first branch was defining the seal linguistically and idiomatically. As for the second section, we dealt with a historical overview of the rings and their inscriptions. The third section dealt with the seal from the legal point of view. As for the first requirement, we divided it into four branches. In the first branch, we dealt with the study of the inscription of the seal of the Messenger (may God bless him and grant him peace), and as for the second branch, we dealt with the study of the inscription of the seal of Abi Bakr Al-Siddiq - may God be pleased with him -, and the third branch was the study of the inscription of the seal of Omar Ibn Al-Khattab - May God be pleased with him - and in the fourth branch we studied the inscription of the seal of Othman bin Affan - may God be pleased with him - and then we move on to the second requirement, which we divided into four branches. The inscription of the seal of Hassan bin Ali - may God be pleased with him - as for the third branch, we studied the inscription of the seal of Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan - may God be pleased with him - and the fourth branch included the study of the inscription of the seal of Umar bin Abdul Aziz - may God be pleased with him - and with this we end to the conclusion and the sources, and I refer to The most important ones we adopted in this research are: The History of the Caliphs by Al-Suyuti, Al-Aqd Al-Farid by Ibn Abd Rabbo Al-Andalusi, Subh Al-Asha Al-Qalqashandi, and others that the place cannot be mentioned.

The current research aims to identify cognitive agility and its relationship to cognitive self-regulation among university students. The research was limited to a sample of (300) male and female students at the University of Baghdad, for the academic year (2022-2023). To achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher adopted the cognitive agility scale of (Abd Rabbo, 2020) and how it was (Al-Jumaili, 2022) on the Iraqi environment, which consisted of (20) items with a quadruple gradient. Which was adapted by (Al-Masoudi, 2021) to university students. The scale consists of (50) items with a five-point gradation. The researcher adopted the psychometric characteristics of the two scales of validity and reliability. After analyzing the data, the following results showed:
1. The research sample possesses a good level of cognitive agility
2. The research sample has a good level of cognitive self-regulation.
3. There is a positive, statistically significant correlation between the two variables.
In the light of the research results, the researcher recommends a set of recommendations and proposals.

These are the successive statements of The Ethiopian government’s side regarding the specifications of the dam and the change in its storage capacity, starting from 11.1 billion cubic meters, and this was stated by the American Reclamation Office in 1964, to 74 billion cubic meters in 2011, passing through the storage capacities 13.3-17-62-67 billion cubic meters, representing The Nile River and the Renaissance Dam are among the prominent factors that had an active role in the nature of relations between Egypt and Ethiopia, as they contributed to consolidating and building relations with common characteristics through the nature of interactions between the two countries and as a result of the Nile River being shared by eleven countries, most of which are upstream countries, which led to These relations witness cases of cooperation and stability at times, conflict and tension at other times. Thus, the Nile River issue became the focus of that relationship between Egypt and Ethiopia after Ethiopia ended with water policies that would harm the interest of Egypt. The waters of the Nile River were drained in a way that threatens its national security, in addition to the water policies pursued by the upstream countries, which contributed to the creation of many problems, the most important of which is the establishment of dams and irrigation projects, which makes it open to several scenes of the future of these relations between conflict and cooperation.

The study revealed to us in the research described as (Representations of the phenomenon are social in the Iraqi novelist literature - Tanumah novel as an example) on the most important requirements of the sociology of literature (Sociologie de la littérature) as a branch of general sociology. This specialization is concerned with studying literary, artistic and aesthetic phenomena in the light of the sociological approach, and the extent of their impact on the narrative text using the quantitative methodology on the one hand, or the qualitative methodology on the other hand, or both by shedding light on the most important of these phenomena and their manifestation in the Iraqi and visual society in particular, selecting The city of Tanomah is a model for studying these phenomena.

This reseach deals with shedding light on the personality of imam Ali,peace be upon him,in the writtings of the philosopher Dr.Maytham Al-Janabi. We started by talking about the emergence of the political thought of Imam Ali,peac be upon him, in the writings of Al-Janabi,peac be upon him .

Dick El-Jinn occupies an important position in Arab poetry. He is the poet of the Levant, as some old critics and authors called him. His tragedy in the story of his heartbreaking love had a great impact on his poetry and his psyche. His heart fell in love with a slave girl named Ward, so he married her, but this marriage did not last long. As the story of that love ended with the killing of the slave girl by the sword of Dick Al - Jinn himself, after a snitch from his cousin who claimed that she betrayed him with his boy. After this tragedy, he lived a life full of regret, remorse, and painful memories, which clearly impacted his poetry that came as a reflection of the psychological crisis that he suffers, in which time is an influential factor. This study tries to highlight psychological vision of time in his poetry. so we try to stand on his poetic texts and analytical pauses in which we monitor his vision of time within his own psychological perspective.

The crafted novelist Ahmed Saadawi has been able to leave his own literary mark and make a unique approach for creative writing and storytelling. Frankenstein in Baghdad proposes a different vision of the soul and world. It gathers unrelated things (organs), makes them relevant, then reconstructs a world of scattering fragments . The world, which penetrates the depth of the soul, dismantles its complexities, contradictions and shortcomings, and then reconnects them to make surreal harmonious images in terms of form and content as well. The title's intertextuality of his work connotates the fragmented structure of the pivotal character which can be found ,with its diversity ,similar to humans of our real world. To do so , Ahmed Saadawi collects these images all in a smaller world called "Whatitsname". However, the contradiction grants " Whatitsname" a starring role , which in turn reflects the contradictions of Iraqi society and absurd political practices . The novelist's message is that the contradictions themselves are not the problem , but the inability to employ these contradictions in a harmonious and complementary framework is the problem.

The guardianship of the pure progeny Is the path to truly knowing God and reaching His pleasure, may He be glorified and exalted, and thus reaching the place that every believer dreams of, which is the station of winning the love of God, Glory be to Him, and thus winning this world and the Hereafter. For every behavior and action that the followers of the twelve imams, may God’s peace be upon them, do. The concept of guardianship is a very broad and comprehensive concept that only believers in the right to whom God Almighty promised them paradise of bliss. This research came to clarify the concept of true guardianship and the ways to reach It by imitating the morals of the Imams, peace be upon them, and adhering to their behaviors and following their approach and following In their footsteps In all actions, actions and behaviors.

This study aimed to identify the effect of blended learning in developing the English conversation skill of learners in the city of Ramadi. The researcher used the analytical experimental method, the study sample consisted of (62) learners, and the questionnaire, test, and observation card were used, which consist of four axes divided into (20) phrases, and the program (spss) was used to process the data extracted from the study tool statistically, and the results were as follows :
- There are statistically significant differences at the level of significance (a ≤ 0.05) for the average speaking scores of the experimental group members between the pre and post applications of the test, and the observation is in favor of the post application, and this is evidence of the effectiveness of blended learning in developing conversation skills in the English language among the learners.
- There are statistically significant differences at the level of significance (a ≤ 0.05) in the mean scores of conversation between the experimental and control group members in the post-test and observation application in favor of the experimental group members, and this is evidence of the effect of blended learning in developing conversational skills in the English language among learners who studied English material for this strategy.
- Teaching using blended learning contributes to the development of English language conversation skill among first-intermediate learners. This research was limited to a sample consisting of (67) learners, who were selected in a simple random way. The researcher divided them into two groups, the first is experimental (31) learners, and the second is control ( 31) learners, and (5) failed learners were excluded, so that the number of respondents became (62) learners (males only) in Al-Mamoun School for Boys in Ramadi. The researcher distributed them among (4) teaching divisions, two divisions of the experimental group whose members were taught according to the education strategy. merged, and two divisions of the control group whose members were studied using the usual strategy. The researcher adopted the experimental design (pre and post design) using two equal groups (experimental and control), and their equivalence was verified, and the effect of non-experimental variables was controlled, and it was previously tested in the conversation skill, and then the experimental group was subjected to the independent variable, and the number of students reached (61). (31) learners for the experimental group and (30) learners for the control group, and the two research groups were equivalent. The research tool consisted of: (a list of conversation skills to be developed) and (an oral test consisting of two conversation texts, the learner chooses one of them) in addition to (a note card for the conversation skill), as well as a questionnaire of the impact of blended learning in developing the speaking skill for first-grade learners. The researcher verified the validity of the tools by presenting them to a group of experts and arbitrators. As for their stability, the researcher used (Cronbach's alpha coefficient), and the stability coefficient reached (0.81). The researcher experimented on an exploratory sample of (20) learners, to find out the extent to which the program designed with blended learning can be applied, estimate the time needed to implement activities and testing, verify the adequacy of the educational means and tools used, and find out the difficulties that the researcher may encounter in the actual application to avoid them. . The results showed that there is a remarkable development of conversational skills among first-grade learners, average, and this is indicated by the total score (2.62), with a high estimate. Conversational skills growth. The results of the questionnaire also showed that the first-grade learners' responses are average (high), and this indicates the positive impact of blended education.

Since the beginning of the emergence of the term, the issue of globalization has taken a great deal of attention, and hundreds, if not thousands, of books and literature that have tried to study and analyze this phenomenon in all its aspects have come to light. The economic, cultural and political aspects constituted prominent headlines for scientific studies that dealt with this phenomenon, especially after the state of economic openness that the world was witnessing at the beginning of the ninth decade of the last century, which produced new data in the field of international relations. The number of actors at the level of those relations increased, such as international and regional organizations and multinational companies

Sufism is a mysterious and multiple world that is still being researched, and it is considered one of the beautiful and interesting topics. In this research, we will talk about what is rhetorical and miraculous in the language of the Sufis, based on the experiences and taste of the Sufis. The Sufi experience is the experience of his book, not an experience in sight, and it was not only a religious doctrine. The reader tastes the experiences of the Sufis and discovers their dimensions, and they are difficult for the recipient who has penetrated them relying on the apparent meaning of the word. Because the phrase is not the main entrance to the Sufi experience, but rather the reference, so that it becomes a wide field in the language of poetry, and has breathed into it a new soul and spirit.

In this research, we wanted to talk about a literary phenomenon that characterized the modern Arabic poem, which is the ambiguity in poetry, and if the scholars agree on the presence of ambiguity in poetry within the structural, lexical, or displacement (codematic) level, we do not deny its existence in these textual levels, except We add to it a new level that appears in the bibliography of the poetic text, which is manifested in the visual formation of the creative text and the importance of addressing as a localized phenomenon that reveals the ambiguity of its meanings about what the text contains, so that the characteristics of the ambiguity of poetic discourse become clear to us, so the text becomes a carnival party as Bakhtin sees it directed from a path to a reader The truth is that scholars rarely raised the phenomenon of ambiguity without accessing the syntactic, lexical, and rhetorical levels, and directed the energy of ambiguity within these levels, without employing the geography of the text. What the modern poetic text witnessed from an experimental act identified with other literary and artistic genres, and we believe that raising the problem of ambiguity at the level of text formation is at the heart of the research in poetry issues, especially the prose poem, because the modern poetic text is based mainly on poetic experimentation, and in this context the bibliography of the modern poetic text moves In a poetic language, formation, textual linens, and addressing linked to the creative text, to rise from the rubble of memory and the chaos of things in a world in crisis, to establish its very entity and specificity that stems from the specificity of its constructive formation and its intertwined connections. A special space of creativity and expression that astonishes the reader and goes with the reasonableness of things to establish its own expression amidst new connotations.