The islamic college university journal

Abstract:-
Legitimacy is a political term meaning influence and authority, and in Islamic jurisprudence it means being religious and being attributed to the true Islamic religion and ruler, Also, the correct implementation of Islamic laws and principles by the ruler is legitimate. In Shiite jurisprudence, it is the Islamic government that is the executor of Islamic rules, especially the principle of justice and equality.
With the formation of the Safavid state in the tenth century AH and the formalization of the Shiite religion with the presence of religious scholars and their actions in formulating the principles of Sharia and strengthening the foundations of Shiite jurisprudence, Shiite political thought and reform of Sufi Shiism to Shiite jurisprudence clearly emerged to form a Shiite government. The Safavid government, by inviting the Shiite scholars of Bahrain and Jabal Amel, designed the models of the Shiite government in the development and expansion of Shiism. Meanwhile, Sheikh Baha\'i, as one of the most prominent thinkers, while expressing his political views and presenting a coherent political thought about the legitimacy of the government, has a clear view and the legitimacy of the Islamic government subject to two basic conditions, namely science and justice And knows the implementation of Islamic laws.

Abstract:-
The present research studies silence as subaltern’s strategy of resistance in J. M. Coetzee’s Foe (1986). Coetzee, the Noble Prize winner in 2003, is a white African novelist who indirectly refers to apartheid in South Africa in his novel. Based on the views of the Subaltern Studies concerning the agency and the ability of the subaltern to decide their fate, this paper challenges Spivak’s notion of the inability of the subaltern to use language as a means of resistance strategy. Coetzee illuminates his subaltern position, through the intertextual context of his novel, in relation with Daniel Defoe as the founder of colonial novelistic tradition. Susan Barton shows the failure of the subaltern due to her recourse to colonial language to express herself. The subaltern can creatively employ silence as a strategy of resistance against pervasive discourses. As a subaltern, Friday’s silent language features inaccessibility, and therefore, it prevents him from being represented by Susan’s narrative. In Foe, silence functions as an active strategy that preserves Friday’s subaltern identity, and consequently, it turns into the core of the novel.

Abstract:-
"Irtidād( )" is one of the religious issues raised in the Qur’an and hadiths. Throughout the history of Islam, there have always been disagreements over the definition of "Irtidād", the example of "Murtadd( )" and how to deal with "Murtaddīn( )". Shi’a and Sunni commentators and Islamic jurists have considered two important sources i.e. verses and narrations and sometimes also the historical background of "Irtidād" in explaining the opinions and rulings related to "Murtadd" and based on that, they have issued rulings regarding apostate people. The findings of this research show that the conceptual scope of the word "Irtidād" in the Holy Qur’an is more general than its jurisprudential usage and meaning, and in terms of the context and combination of phrases, it has become a ruling by mentioning the conditional restrictions on the verses. Hence, some of the Shi’a and Sunni commentators, referring to the definitions of the evidence of "Tawbah", believe that the repentance of the apostate is absolutely permissible and must be accepted, and that definition is whether the apostasy is "Natural" or "National" or that the apostate is male or female, or his disbelief is intentionally accompanied by blasphemous speech or blasphemous action. "Irtidād" in the Holy Qur’an, the hadiths of the infallible Imams (AS) and the life of the infallible Imams (AS) is not just returning from religion and changing beliefs. Rather, in religious teachings, a "Murtadd" is a person who, after observing the truth and surrendering to religion, out of stubbornness and with the intention of attacking religion, turns to disbelief and denies the truth, the divinity of God Almighty, or the mission of the beloved Prophet of Islam (PBUH). The main source of disagreement in issuing the verdict of "Irtidād" was sometimes the basic difference and sometimes the method of inference from the related verses and narrations.

Abstract:-
ISIS is considered the most brutal group of terrorism in human history. Thus, the researchers apply Wodak's (2001; 2009) discourse-historical approach and van Leeuwen's (2008) sociological categories of actor representation approach to uncover the linguistic strategies in both the micro and macro level that President Donald Trump uses in his speeches about defeating ISIS. The researcher selects two speeches. Both were taken from the White House formal website. The first speech was delivered on July 10, 2017, to calibrate the news of Mosul liberation. It contains 189 words only, while the second speech was delivered 6 February 2019. It contains 1309 words. In his speeches, Trump focuses on three related topoi: topoi of unity, fighting and victory. Without Unity, it may be impossible to defeat ISIL. Therefore, the coalition of 74 nations and five international institutions is the first step in winning the fight against ISIS after fighting for months. In topoi of victory, the coalitions make spectacular victory on ISIL not only on the battlefield but also on the humanitarian aspects by freeing millions of civilians and keeping many ancient artifacts that ISIS used to destroy or sell. In the media field, the coalition blocked almost all ISIS propaganda and by this, they do not receive any financial support. Donald Trump states all these achievements as a kind of positive self-representation for America great role in stopping ISIS. Meanwhile, it is a negative other-representation for ISIL and its supporters as they used to brutally murdered millions of innocent people and destroy many historical places out of their ignorance of its value for human civilization. In assimilation, Trump uses the term 'people' with both positive and negative indications. Whenever it is positive it stands to the American people or military, while when it is negative it stands for ISIL and its supporters. This is a clear representation of the ideological theory of positive self-representation and negative other representation (in-group vs out-group).

Abstract:-
Imam al-Baqir’s huge legacy was kept to us throughout his companions and his students that legacy was quoted from him in terms of lessons, debates, and discussions in all Islamic sciences. Al-Saduq,the great Shia scholar has collected sayings and instructions ,of our prophet’s family , in one book which is (La yeahdrah al-faqih), that is considered as one of the four books of hadith approved by the Shia community, as it was and still is an important scientific reference for deriving legal rulings, and from the point of view of Sheikh (Al-Saduq) they are authentic narrations, and they are reliable, and Sheikh Al-Saduq deleted their chains of narrators; So that the methods of narrations do not get confused due to its number and variety, just as he cited what he issued fatwas and judged to be true, and this great scientific treasure still contains aspects that the researchers did not address yet, including his interpretation of a number of verses of rulings that he transmitted, as the research found a good number of verses that he explained to clarify a legal ruling, or an answer to a person’s question about the knowledge of a legal ruling in a specific verse, and these verses reached (22) verses, (thirteen) of which were in acts of worship, and the other (nine) in dealings, so the research consist of an introduction, and a prelude, Two chapters, a conclusion, and a panel of sources and references.

Abstract:-
This research is interested in reading the indicative deliberative approach based on the continuity of cognitive patterns between the linguistic organization in terms of its cognitive tools and its impact on the cognitive communication of the addressee on the other hand in the analysis of literary discourses, especially poetry, in order to achieve the critical importance in the legitimacy of linguistic intent and the extent of the contemporary critic’s view Behind the cultural differences that preoccupied researchers in their first phase, in addition to the development of the deliberative analysis of texts and their reading in light of the intentionality of the speaker and the culture of the recipient, which is also the case, it should play the main role in analyzing (signs) or meanings - as the pragmatics call them - according to cultural and social contexts, and here is the basis for knowledge intentionality of the speaker; Therefore, it is a form of cognitive interdependence between the speaker and the recipient.

Abstract:-
The search consists of four chapters; the first chapter is the problem of research: The problem was identified by several questions, including whether the contemporary Iraqi painter used the cultural dimension of the symbol in his artistic paintings and what was the method used by the contemporary Iraqi painter in employing the symbol. As for the importance of the research; it was: What was the importance of the cultural dimension for symbol in the contemporary plastic painting? And to know the types of symbol and the characteristics in the contemporary Iraqi painting. This research aims to reveal the cultural dimension of the symbol in the contemporary Iraqi painting. The search included the contemporary Iraqi painters' paintings as its limits(Mahood Ahmad, Sama al-Agha, Aasim Abdul Amir, Hanaa Mal-Allah and Alaa Basheer). The second chapter, theoretical frame and previous studies, was limited to some topics; as semantic dimension, symbol culture, and characteristics of symbol. In the third chapters, the researcher used the analytical description for the content of the samples of the painters' paintings in the period from 1960 to 2008. The researcher analyzed (6 paintings) the intentional sample. The researcher reached several results including the symbol concept is of great importance. The symbol is characterized by comprehensiveness. The plastic contemporary Iraqi painting is symbols that reflect the artist's culture and his cultural background. The researcher reached several recommendations and suggestions and scorned some Arab and foreign references.

Abstract:-
The research aims to test the two relationships of influence and correlation between green training and the adoption of the green strategy, which is one of the important topics that occupy environmental, global and local interest at the present time, as well as identifying the importance of the study variables for the General Company for Agricultural Supplies / Najaf branch, and the research problem was represented by the question that states On "How much green training is applied in the company to achieve the adoption of the green strategy?" The research relied on the main hypotheses represented by the hypothesis of the correlation test and another hypothesis of the simple linear regression test, from which sub-hypotheses emerged to explore and address the research problem. While the research sample consisted of (100) employees in the General Company for Agricultural Supplies Najaf branch, and the questionnaire was used as a main tool for data collection, which was prepared by the researcher based on ready-made standards, and the researcher adopted a set of statistical methods, including (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, Relative importance, correlation coefficient, regression coefficient, T-test, F-test, percentages), and the data were analyzed using the statistical program (SPSS V.25), and the research adopted the case study method. Among the most prominent results that were reached is that there are two correlations and a significant effect between the two variables of the study. The study resulted in a set of recommendations, the most important of which are: The necessity of adopting green training if one wants to adopt the green strategy in the company.

Abstract:-
Taxes are significant due to their considerable share in economy. Indeed, the higher the tax revenues, the more dynamic the economy. A factor of influence in taxation is the social behavior of the agents that serve to levy or collect taxes. They can persuade people to pay taxes simply through decency and gentility. Therefore, under economic ethics, as a branch of applied ethics, certain teachings should be provided to enhance the behavior of tax agents. In this regard, the present study seeks to examine the behavioral features of tax agents in two situations, when they associate with people and when they take taxes.

Abstract:-
There are four theories regarding the ownership of mines in Imami jurisprudence; A group has said that the mines are absolutely from Anfal and Belongs to the Imam and the most important reason cited by them is hadiths. A group of jurists who quoted the famous jeweler
They are jurists, they consider mines to be a matter of public opinion; that this group has adhered to the generalities of the Qur'an, traditions of Khums, Seerah and Asl. Some jurists have given importance to the detail and subordination of mines to lands, which is their reason for subordination and this is the reason. The detail between the external and internal mines and the important reason for them was sexual intercourse. According to the rejection of the evidence of the three sayings and their invalidity and Repeating the arguments of those who say the first sentence, the truth is that they are among the Anfal and are under the authority of the Imam or the Islamic State. any type Seizing and extracting mines must be done with the Imam's permission, and the Imam can decide in any way he deems proper, which are mines. Who are placed and the interests that are obtained in this way are at his disposal, which is only the public interest of Islam. and will become Muslims, some Shiite jurists, including Allamah Sheikh Tusi and the owner of Jawaharlal Madan, are absolutely public commons pamphlets.
They know that they have an equal and shared right to exploit the people, no one has an exclusive right and everyone has it.
He has the right to take from them as much as he needs, and the ruler does not have the right to usurp it. During the absence of Imam Masoom, or the government There is no Islamic proxy of the infallible Imam, in which case the general permission of the Imam for the use of Anfal by the Shiites. They (Shi'ites) can own as much as they need to exploit with the mind and as much as they harvest, but they are not obligated.
They are paying Khums, or the Islamic government exists on behalf of the infallible Imam, in which case it is the authority of the Anfal administration. (mines) is in the hands of the Islamic ruler as a representative of the people to spend it in the "goods of the nation" and in a better term, "property" Anfal is one of the "state affairs" and the Islamic ruler or Imam should use it for the interests of Islam and Muslims.

Abstract:-
The research is in detail about the approach of (Sheikh Al-Faqih Abbas bin Sheikh Hassan Kashif Al-Gita (d. 1323 AH) in his book Al-Fawa’id in the Department of Jurisprudence) and included an introduction and three demands, the introduction in which was an explanation of the investigation and its importance, and the first requirement included the method of the compiler, may God have mercy on him, in the Holy Quran and how Inferring it, and the second requirement in its use of the textual evidence, and in the third requirement in dividing the noble hadiths, and then the conclusion of the most important of what the workbook dealt with the resources on which it relied according to the demands that were discussed.

Abstract:-
According to the changes of some ruling in the resent era and following the change of the ruling issues by the Holy Law at first what comes to mind is the role of reason and custom in changing the definite ruling of Sharia, from one point of view reason and custom play significant role in the derivation of ruling in Imami jurisprudence but not in the performing of rulings. However sometimes by resorting to some arguments such as necessity and reason it causes a change in the Sharia ruling but custom does not play a role in changing the Sharia ruling. In order to prove this hypothesis the author first mentioned examples of ruling that have been changed in some way so that it can discover the reason for changing and replacing another ruling instead of the said rulings with a logical method. So in this article an attempt has been made to answer questions such as whether reason and custom have an effect on the performing of Sharia ruling and also to what extent the ratio of the effects of each is. After the logical investigation of the examples it become clear that what causes the change of Sharia ruling is only reason and custom does not independently have any influence on the change of sharia ruling at the level of performing. Although intellectual evidence has also become the reason for changing some Sharia ruling according to the discretion of the ruler of Society and to defend the interests of Muslims.

Abstract:-
The assassination of the third caliph-Uthman Ibne Affan-caused several divisions among political factions in the Islamic world. The majority of Muslims and Uthman’s enemies pledged allegiance to Imam Ali(PBUH)me. But the Umayyads, at its head Muawiya, refused to obey Imam Ali(PBUH) on the pretext of vengeance for the bloodshed of Uthman. After the victory in the battle of Jamal, Imam Ali(PBUH)settled in kufa and moved with the Iraqi troops to suppress Muawiyah. After long battles in a place called Siffin, the army of Imam Ali(PBUH) was on the verge of victory over the army of Sham, when at the suggestion of Amr ibn al-As, the troops of Muawiya speared the quran. Imam Ali(PBUH) was forced to accept arbitration against his will and due to the insistence of his rebellious troops. The representatives of Iraq and Saria removed Imam Ali(PBUH) from the caliphate. The issue of Muawiya remained unresolved until the martyrdom of Imam Ali(PBUM).The most important basis for the commencing of the Siffin was as follows: the enmity between Bani Hashim and Bani Umayyads, the political cleavage between Muslims after Saqifah and the election of Abu Bakr to the caliphate, the rule of Bani Umayyads over Syria, the removal of Uthman’s agents from the governorship of Islamic lands by Imam Ali(PBUH). Among the most prominent consequences of Siffin war, we can point out the split among the companions of Imam Ali(PBUH), the emergence of the khawarij group, and the acknowledgment of Muawiya’s rule over Syria. The intended issue of this research is to search and explore the causes, backgrounds and the consequences of the Siffin war. This article is descriptive-analytical and based on the library research method and use of historical and research sources.

Abstract:-
No doubt that it is not possible in this abstract to search for all narratives. There are several reasons; the most important of which are the following:
1. Some of these narratives are scratched in origin. And the search for their origin is outside of the research specialties.
2. Some of these narratives don't have scratch in their origin. But indicate the favors of clerics for people, and they don't indicate their mandate for the Islamic society.
3. Some other narratives indicate the Devine wilayat of the just jurists, and they indicate the right of this mandate. But they don't indicate the legal authority of this mandate, i.e. proof of their Divine appointment.
Therefore, we will research for only three narratives. They are: Maqbulat Umar bin Hanzala , Mash'hurat Abi Khadija and al-Tawqiea al-Sharif. They have no important scratch in in their origin. They indicate the Devine appointment of the jurist, as well as their connotations of proving the origin of Wilayat al-Faqih.

Abstract:-
In fact, the independent bodies are the new face of the state’s role in all administrative and political fields. Together with the judicial bodies, it seeks to monitor the activities of public authorities and reveal their deviations, in order to ensure legal stability on the one hand, and to push and influence development in its correct directions on the other hand, that democratic systems that have adopted the principle of The separation of powers incomplete, such as France, England and the United States of America, from which many modern legal systems have taken this principle. We find that each of the authorities in the state is singled out for a task specified by the constitution without being shared by another authority, which opens the way for that authority to tyranny and control if it does not find someone Its tyranny is limited by the fact that the control systems developed by the independent bodies came to be independent of the three authorities and at the same time exercise their control over all of them, but to varying degrees from one country to another and according to their political systems. As a result, we find that there are some differences in the characteristics of the systems of the independent bodies, but these it cannot stray from the common features between these systems. The countries that have adopted the systems of independent bodies have made it one of the primary tasks of the regulations to control the accuracy of the implementation of laws and the unity of their concept, by investigating the legality of the regulations and orders issued by the higher management bodies and lower administrations. From this standpoint comes the necessity to study the legal organization of independent bodies to shed light on the independent bodies in Iraqi legislation and its French and American counterparts. We have used the analytical and inductive texts of laws, as well as the comparative approach between Iraq, France and America. Which we hope to take out, and we ask God success.

Abstract:-
The issue of resistance and steadfastness against enemies and foreigners is one of the most important issues in the Islamic world, as it makes poets express their national feelings and ideas in the most accurate expressions until they paint poetic paintings that serve as a mirror that reflects the issues of society and its elements. Poets and writers of Islamic countries declare their defense of the homeland and every oppressed Muslim country or weak neighbor. The committed poet or writer sows the hope of liberating the homeland in the veins of the people and urges them to enter the fields of conflict.Kuwait has witnessed various political events throughout history, and the most important of these contemporary events is the war. If we look at Kuwaiti literature, we will see the writer Khawla Al-Qazwini as part of this group. The main purpose of the study of this research is to identify the elements of resistance in Khawla Al-Qazwini’s novel “When a Man Thinks” and to show her commitment to the issues of the homeland and the extent of her loyalty to the sons of the homeland. This article seeks to study the elements of resistance literature in the literature of the Kuwaiti writer Khawla Al-Qazwini in order to monitor the extent of her relationship to the issues of the Kuwaiti homeland and her reaction to these events. This writer has reflected the spirit of struggle and patriotism in a smooth narrative style. One of the most important findings of this article, which relied in its research on the descriptive analytical method, is that many of the elements of resistance in Khawla al-Qazwini’s literature suggest topics such as patriotism, defiance, the global tendency of resistance and the promotion of the idea of martyrdom. The results of this research indicate that the elements of resistance have manifested in various forms in the writer’s literature, among which we can mention: arousing vigilance among people, calling for revolution and struggle, exposing the secrets of colonial countries, invoking freedom and sacrificing for it, and defining the image of colonialism.

Abstract:-
The theory of ideals is one of the important theories on which the philosophy of Plato and his followers is based. By presenting this theory, Plato sought to justify the emergence of the sensible world and its knowledge at the same time as change and instability, and he considers general human reasonings and imaginations to be the product of observing ideals. After Plato, this theory became the intellectual and philosophical basis of some Muslim sages, such as Sheikh Ashraq and Mullasadra, and others, like Ibn Sina, opposed or justified the principle of the theory. In this article, after examining the most important interpretations of Platonic parables among divine sages, the epistemological fruits of this theory in Islamic wisdom will be presented.

Abstract:-
Ibn Taymiyyah is considered one of the most famous Salafiah scholars of the lower world, and Ibn Baz is considered one of the most famous contemporary scholars. And we know that contemporary Sunni jihadist movements such as Wahhabism, the Taliban, ISIS, and... they believe that their beliefs are identical to the views of the predecessors, Ibn Taymiyyah and Bin Baz. Among the most important verses of the Qur’an on which the Salafi jihadists are based is the fifth verse of Surat al-Tawbah, which is famously known as the verse of the sword. This research aims at an analytical study of the understanding of the Salafis and their interpretation of this noble verse, especially the opinion of Ibn Taymiyyah and Ibn Baz. The results of the research indicate that there are five theories that can be put forward in the interpretation of this blessed verse, which are the primary jihad, the defensive jihad, the authority of social conditions, the negation of isolation, and the interest. Although four of them can be attributed to scholars from the predecessors, but the opinions of Ibn Taymiyyah and Bin Baz agreed on the third theory and the fourth theory. Due to the problems in the opinion of Ibn Taymiyyah and Bin Baz, the research has preferred the Maslahah theory as a selected theory over the other theories, showing its advantages.

Abstract:-
Talking about the Noble Qur’an is emotional because what the listener and the reader senses with all its words and letters is felt in his conscience and the depths of his heart. No matter how long time has passed, tongues have changed, and styles of speech and eloquence have varied, he will still have precedence. Examination of the methodologies is important in order to know the topics on which the commentators differed, as well as to see the causes and methods of disagreement. As well as knowing the arguments of these curricula, and this matter is important considering that the learner can know the points of strength and weakness on the one hand, and evaluation and criticism on the other hand. There is an overlap in some of these approaches, so that the author begins with one approach and we find it tends to another approach, as well as the lack of clarity of the goal of the approach, which appears to be searching for results in the interpretation of the verses, but we find it moving away from its goal by delving into other topics, even if they are related to its subject, which makes the goal of interpretation and its method in it. Some of the lack of clarity, and among the problems is some of these approaches that were born in a late time, even if it is related to the past, but it does not count, and there is a problem in some sources and their differences in transmission or understanding the origin of these approaches.

Abstract:-
The idea of the research is that the fiqh of the financial transactions has a relation with the economic issues including money. Hence, this applied fiqhi study has been done on one of financial incidents which is the electronic money due to its novelty and the scarcity of writing in it in terms of the Islamic fiqh in particular, and what it is needed to remove confusion about it by producing the phenomenon according to the legal controls of the Imami fiqh.

Abstract:-
This study comes as an attempt to shed light on the personality of Minister Badr al-Jamali and the work he carried out, whether those that preceded his assumption of the ministry, or during his tenure of it, which led to the end of the civil war in Egypt, which erupted due to the conflict between the sects of the army, and saving the state from famine and epidemics, which was launched It has great severity or severity Al-Mustansiriya.
This study also aims to shed light on the reforms carried out by this minister, whether on the political, economic or cultural levels.

Abstract:-
Reconciliation is a contract by which its two parties terminate an existing dispute or prevent a potential dispute by means of mutual concessions. This civil definition of reconciliation was approved by al-Fiqh for the administrative reconciliation. Administrative reconciliation is necessary for settling administrative disputes due to what it characterizes of speed to settle disputes and to what it leads to improving relations between the administration and citizens and saving public expenditures. Reconciliation may be judicial or non-judicial. So, the administrative judiciary in France has settled that the reconciliation contract concluded by the administration on the field of substantive subjective rights is considered an administrative contract if its subject is within the jurisdiction of the administrative judiciary, but if it is assigned as an administrative contract, then it is considered as one of the contracts in which the administration cannot act under its known powers within the framework of administrative contracts, in order to maintain the legal security of such type of contracts.

Abstract:-
Customs taxes have been known for a long time, and as old as people's dealings with trade. Originally, customs taxes are to be paid. Tax exemptions are not but exception of this rule, where the conditions for application of customs taxes may be available. However, the legislator decides exemptions for many considerations related to the diplomatic and international issue, political considerations and social others, including, and may be, the more important are the economic considerations for many reasons, such as advertising with the intent of winning markets. It decided. It was justified that the commodities that enter the country are not intended for internal consumption.
Therefore, tax policy had to play an important role to confront these economic problems by employing the tax subject in an active and effective manner to create a suitable investigative environment to encourage investment by offering tax incentives to the investment companies. Hence the importance of the study, as it relates to this tax policy; so, as the tax incentives are a tool of economic and social development, starting from questions about the economic reasons that make the state decide on tax exemptions.
By following the analytical and legal descriptive approach, we have searched the concept and characteristics of customs exemptions. We mentioned the economic reasons that lead to the tax exemptions. We found that some reasons are related to local affairs such as prepared goods of local origin, local packaging goods temporarily exported to be re-imported, commercial samples, and some of them related to foreign affairs, such as supplies, needs of ships on the high seas, aircraft, advertising materials, imported materials, and other reasons that we will learn about through the study.

Abstract:-
Writing in the history of Arabic poetry is ancient since the era of the first codification, abundant in material, diverse in style. Famous narrators and encyclopedic scholars confronted it. They pursued everything that came and went. The various approaches gave authorship a clear impetus in the various sciences and knowledge, as much as he left the door open to choice, selection, and preference.
There is no doubt that dealing with the poetic text and interrogating it, giving critical or historical testimonies to it, and understanding the movement of the event in it, is a difficult and sensitive task that its pilgrim must achieve the qualities of scientific research and objectivity, and the ability to formulate the effort in an appropriate, balanced and thoughtful manner, which is less than anything like it. Most of the current encyclopedias of literary history that relied on the subject of religious literature on previous buildings without seeing it, or relied on the truncated views of their own writers, so that we hardly find, for example, during many decades a comprehensive contemporary experience in the history of Arabic literature written in the hands of its sons after a line leaked out. The opinion and the transfer of the idea to the pens of many generations.
For this and other reasons, I tried in my research entitled (Abu Talib, the Poet of Creed and Commitment) to write Islamic literature that is committed to a fair vision, taking from the missionary poetry of Abu Talib (may God be pleased with him) as an introduction to that; Because loyalty to the Messenger (may God bless him and his family) does not exclude their sheikh al-Manafih Abu Talib (may God be pleased with him), whose active presence, sanctity and exceptional roles left undisputed historical imprints.

Abstract:-
This study attempts to read the argumentative intertextuality in Al- Zahraa's Fadaki speech in her father's mosque , prophet Mohammed (PBUH) , and his family" shortly after his death.
in a large crowd of immigrants and supporters. Therefore, studying Mrs. Zahraa's sermon"PBUH" means paying attention to the most important Arabic rhetorical texts, because the text contains culture and great linguistic and intertextual approaches, according to argumentative mechanisms that dominate the recipient's self, mind, and even emotions through hearing it. It constituted a literary heritage full of vitality, indications, and creative methods that were nourished from the Qur’an source and the immortal Muhammadan message. We will try to read the argumentation of intertextuality in it, to show the role that he played, and what human goals he has, within his literary talents that come from Al-Zahra (pbuh) rhetorical presence power, because ((it is not adequate One should have great talents, but he should know how to manage them.

Abstract:-
The aim of the current research is to determine the role of organizational robustness in applying e-learning standards in organizations and to understand how to benefit from them Because of the scarcity of studies that dealt with the variables of the current research, as well as the lack of a single study that combines the current variables This research gained its importance for its analysis of these variables at the organizational level of universities and using the intentional sampling method, (109) questionnaires were distributed to a sample of the fourth stage students in the Kindergarten Department of the College of Basic Education at the University of Kufa, and the number of valid questionnaires for statistical analysis was (100) questionnaires. average (91%).

Abstract:-
Although the constitution guarantees the freedom of the journalist, this freedom is restricted by the scope of the law, that is, it is not absolute freedom. It is not permissible for a journalist to infringe on others in an infringement that causes harm, and this is what was stipulated in Article (204) of the amended Iraqi Civil Code No. 40 of 1951 AD, which It stated: “Any transgression that causes a third party any harm other than what was mentioned in the previous articles shall require compensation.” We understand through this text that if a journalist assaults a third party, he causes harm to be compensated according to its gravity and in an amount equal to the damage caused to that third party as a result of the harmful act issued by that journalist, which is represented by his non-compliance with his professional duties, including his commitment not to prejudice the private life of individuals in society, as well as His obligation to publish the response and the correction, which entails his legal responsibility towards that third party, meaning that the journalist has several obligations and duties that must be adhered to, including adherence to the ethics and ethics of the profession, as well as not violating the freedom of others...so that a violation of it entails imposing a penalty on that journalist and representative Compensation, response and correction.

Abstract:-
The Noble Qur’an was revealed to the Prophet to be a guide to the people against the ignorance Jahiliyyah. Contrary to the above from other heavenly books such as the Torah and the Gospels, God has pledged to preserve the Qur’an in form and content, He says "We have, without doubt, sent down the Message; and We will assuredly guard it (from corruption)". The Muslims agreed, except for some of them, that the Qur’an is preserved in its entirety, but the difference is regarding the arrangement of its verses and surahs. Is this arrangement from the Prophet or from others? Scholars in the same time, place and doctrine have differed for the direction of this issue.

Abstract:-
The purpose of this research is to identify the quality of performance of faculty members at the Islamic University, as the number of the research sample amounted to (46) male and female teachers. The validity of the paragraphs and their suitability to the research sample, after which the researcher verified the validity of the construction and found stability using the alpha-Cronbach coefficient, where the reliability coefficient reached (0.87) at the level of significance (0.05), the researcher used the educational bag (spss), and the results of the research came That all members of the sample have a high level of performance, in addition to that, there is no difference between the sample members according to the gender variable.

Abstract:-
The Holy Qur’an defines itself as a book of guidance for people in general and for the pious in particular, and this guidance is based on a set of foundations and components, and among those components on which Qur’anic guidance is built is the interest in what benefits the person, religiously, worldly or hereafter, and to stay away from side matters that are not a center It is important to achieve this goal, and that is why we find the Qur’an when it mentions the story, it focuses the goal on the goal to be achieved and does not attach importance to names, numbers, place or time except to the extent that it is aimed at achieving guidance for man. And the consequences of the attribution of the issued act mentioned in the verse, which is {frowned and took over} on the belief level, the social level and the moral level, hence the focus was on searching for the person from whom the act originated due to the different impact of the attribution to the two parties.

Abstract:-
Terrorist crime is one of the crimes that harm the public interest and has begun to spread in recent times due to the spread of extremist ideas and other factors conducive to crime, including the spread of poverty and administrative and financial corruption and communication sites, all of which helped in the emergence and spread of the idea of crime. No. (13) for the year 2005. We divided the research into three sections. The first section deals with the concept of terrorist crime. In the second section, we dealt with the nature of the crime, while the third topic is the penalty for the crime.

Abstract:-
The Holy Qur'an is unique in its privacy for word semantics. It is the Book that made the Arabs unable to bring the like of it or part of its like, in the time where Arabs were known in eloquence, rhetoric, the abundance of words. The word "error" appeared in linguistic dictionaries for more than one meaning. The research clarifies its meanings in the linguistic books, and what is indicated by the word in the Qur'anic text, whether it was one or added to a pronoun , so the research dealt with the word through two requirements preceded by an introductory.

Abstract:-
This research aims to identify the criteria for choosing an educational leader from the point of view of educational supervisors.
In the third chapter , the researcher reviewed the methodology and procedures of the research, as the research community of educational supervisors in the third Karkh education, which numbered (227) supervisors and supervisors, and the research sample was determined by 100% and selected in a random stratified manner, where the number of males (119) were supervisors, while the number of females (108) were supervisors, making up the adult research sample (227). The researcher prepared the research tool, the scale in a way (Likert), which consists of (43) paragraphs as for the stability of the scale was reached by the method of re-testing was the value of the stability of the scale (0,86), and the researcher used statistical means through the statistical bag of Social Sciences (spss) the researcher has reached the following results:
1.the educational leader enjoys various standards, which are considered by the committee of tests and interviews for the educational process and in all fields.
2.there are significant differences in the selection of educational leader criteria according to the gender variant in favour of females.
In the light of the search results, interpretation and conclusions found to a set of recommendations and proposals.

Abstract:-
The relationship of tax management is the starting point for improving the reality of the tax system, as the mismanagement of the relationship to the state's signs and the extent of evacuation of the evacuation of the evidence, and therefore disputes with management; The Administration has not to reflect its relationship with tax cost to ensure adequate revenue and avoid disputes and maintain the stability of the tax system in the State.

Abstract:-
The main purpose of the research is to know the impact of happiness on the workplace as an independent variable in its dimensions (participation , job satisfaction and job emotional commitment) in improving job performance as a dependent variable in its dimensions (appearing teamwork , communication skills, customers service, personal relationship, and absenteeism) by revealing the correlation and influence between the dimensions of a variable. Given the diversity of the behavioral environment and personal and emotional tendencies of human resources and the cultural and social variables that taint this environment, and the emergence of modern variables in the field of work that make it difficult to understand and analyze the human behavior and the needs of the human resource for information and effective guidance by leasers, there was an urgent need to improve the job performance of the employees due to the importance of the subject and its impact on the community benefiting from the services of the organization. As happiness in the workplace is the chief driver of job performance. The job performance is considered the final product that all organizations seek to achieve , and improving job performance depends on several factors affecting it, including: work-life balance, work environment and organizational citizenship behavior. This research is applied to a sample of 53 employees of the Department of Vocational Education in the General Directorate of Education in al-Najaf al-Ashraf. The results concluded that happiness in the workplace is exists in a small percentage due to the influences and factors that affect it. Therefore, improving the job performance of the employees is a goal that the leadership should reach by providing the requirements of happiness in order to reach the top and excellence in work.

Abstract:-
limitation and confinement is one of the chapters on the science of the meanings and miracles of the Noble Qur’an, among the types of rhetoric. The terms “limit” and “confine” mean to exclude something from something. In Arabic literature, this group is used in different ways, and the Holy Quran has also used this literary group in different ways. In this article, we review the most important methods of shortening and its different divisions, including shortening, adjective, real, additional, and vice versa, and dividing it on the basis of the public’s faith, i.e. the type of determination, people, with full expression and necessary explanation, quoting from important rhetorical and explanatory books; That is, the four verses of the second part of the Qur’an have been briefly discussed from the point of view of the palace matrix by citing examples, and the research in this articleResearch in this article shows that the aforemention method is used for various purposes such as denial. , confession, guidance, rebuke, encouragement, and so on, and shortening the type of heart is mentioned in the Holy Qur’an more than any other type, and shortening that is described as a valid characteristic is not found in the Qur’an.

Abstract:-
One of the jurisprudential caveats mentioned by the jurists of the Ahl al-Bayt school, peace be upon them, in their books of jurisprudence and fundamentalism and relied on them in refuting or proving a legal ruling is a caveat (the need to establish a new jurisprudence). It is forbidden to take a picture of the evidence in relying on it.
This prohibition has a wide scope in the words of the jurists, but no definition or explanation of the reason for its prohibition was mentioned, and in this scientific research we want to explain the concept of the necessity of establishing a new jurisprudence and its backgrounds that made it prohibited and raised by the jurists in the face of those who see it as transgressing the evidentiary limits.