Psychological Science

The importamt educational institution as (kindergartens) need to teachers which qualified ownes modalities in their education for children , as Marzanu method in a way of learning, because the teachers that own those styles of learning gine kindergarten children knowledge and the children Ieaving based on the Meaing and knowledge and integration of their information.
The aims of the current research have identified to recognize:
1. the dimensions for Marzanu of learning for kindergarten teachers according to the five dimensions .
2. the differences in the dimensions for Marzanu learning for kindergarten teachers according to a specialization variable .
3. the differences in the dimensions for Marzanu of learning for kindergarten teachers according to a service variable teachers .
Is determined by the current search teachers kindergartens in the city of Baghdad for the academic year (2016- 2017)
To achieve the objectives of the research sample from Riyadh teachers chosen in the city of Baghdad was (400) teacher to answer on the scale where they were chosen randomly Statistics (51) Kindergarten distributed of Education, and to measure the dimensions of learning to Mars Anu sought researcher to: build scale ( learning to Marzano dimensions) on according to (5) dimensions are, has introduced two measures on a group of experts with competence in kindergarten The measurement and evaluation of educational administration totaling expert to demonstrate the validity of the paragraphs, the researcher used the sincerity of (virtual honesty and for the stability of Trqtin two (fortitude to re - test and Alvakronbach), was used statistical methods following (test Altaia for one sample and two samples and the Pearson correlation coefficient.
In light of the current research objectives and after the application of the scale on the sample and analyze the responses statistically search found the following results:
1. The teachers users of the dimensions of the five learning in the model of the Mars Llano .
2. There are statistically significant differences in the post –

The research aims to:
1. Recognize psychological rebellion, irrational thinking and violence for students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at Mustansiriya University.
2. To identify the correlation between psychological rebellion and irrational thinking for students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at Mustansiriya University.
3. Identify the correlation between psychological rebellion and irrational thinking and violence for students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at Mustansiriya University.

The research hypotheses: -
1. There is a statistically significant correlation between psychological rebellion and irrational ideas for students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at Mustansiriya University
2. There is a statistically significant correlation between psychological rebellion and irrational ideas and violence for students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at Mustansiriya University
The research sample of the students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Mustansiriya for preliminary studies morning for the academic year (2016-2017). In addition, the scale of violence was used and the scale was (58) paragraphs, and after confirming the indicators of the validity and stability of the standards used and adopted the current study On the use of a statistical packet (spss) in data processing.
After presenting the results, interpreting them and discussing them, and through the results of the research, we found the following conclusions:
1. Relationship of the relationship of a statistically significant correlation between psychological rebellion and irrational ideas for students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at Mustansiriya University.
2. There was a statistically significant correlation between psychological rebellion and irrational ideas and the scale of violence for students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at Mustansiriya University.

The current research aims to:
1) Measuring the extent to which high school students acquire pivotal thinking skills.
2) Measuring the extent of acquisition of visual thinking skills by high school students.
The study sample consisted of (20) students and students only of the students of the scientific sixth in the gifted schools for the failure to complete the application at the Najaf School for the gifted, and 250 students were selected from the sixth grade students in the secondary schools and government preparatory day in Baghdad governorate, Teaching textbooks and students are still in school until mid-April at the time of applying the research tools.
The two experimental researchers adopted the pivotal thinking and the theoretical thinking prepared by the researcher (Fayyad, 2016) and was implemented during the academic year (2015-2016)
The results showed that the average responses of the two individuals on all the subjects of the CV test did not reach the average mean for each paragraph.
- The sample of students of gifted schools surpassed the sample of ordinary school students in the overall average of the score of the pivotal thinking test.
- Exceeding the sample of students from gifted schools to regular school students in some paragraphs of the visual thinking test.
Based on the research results, the researchers presented some recommendations and suggestions.

The current research aims at identifying dissociation experiences in the research sample,and The significance of differences in dissociation experiences is defined according to the variables (nationality, sex, specialization),and Emotional intelligence is known in the research sample,and The significance of the differences in emotional intelligence is defined according to the variables (nationality, sex and specialization), and The correlation between dissociation experiences and emotional intelligence is defined in the research sample, The sample of the basic application of (200) students was chosen by random class method by (100) students from Baghdad University students and (100) students from Ajman University, To achieve the research objectives, the researcher adopted a measure of the dissociation experiences of Al-Quraishi (2009) and the construction of the emotional intelligence scale, The researcher used the appropriate statistical means to analyze the data, The study concluded that the research sample in general has a weakness in the level of dissociation experiences, There are statistically significant differences in the research sample according to the variables (nationality, gender and specialization) and for the benefit of Iraqi students, females and scientific specialization and There are some interactions between these variables, And that the research sample in general has a high level of emotional intelligence, There were no statistically significant differences in the research sample in emotional intelligence according to variables (nationality and specialization), The gender variable was statistically significant and in favor of females, There is no correlation between dissociation experiences and emotional intelligence in the research sample. In light of the findings of the research, the researcher made several recommendations and proposals.

After brainstorming strategy in developing the habits of mind among the students of University of information technology and communications
With the increasing cost of education has increased interest in choosing the most effective teaching and learning methods for education students, brainstorming strategy useful in the development of various aspects of profile they serve specific problems when they are in need of new ideas and good, and more according to judgment and decision making, and to stimulate creativity and creative treatment of the problems of life.
Since the brain is the primary engine of man and mind his habits we behave with the data in any positions which exposed we move these habits in our lives and meet all situations, usually learned behavior through repetition, pattern of individual smart performances led to acts of productivity based on triggers and alarms for humans and his familiarity with the selection process of mind, could Costa wekalik selection sixteen usually mentality.
From here the search problem emerged can employ brainstorming strategy in developing the mental habits of students and practice as mental behaviors to get creative outputs
And target search on:-
(Identify the following brainstorming strategy in developing the habits of mind among many collegians Business Informatics (information systems management, information technology).
In the light of the objective search search home premise version
-There are not significant differences between the average statistical function in students mind habits scale degrees between the two groups had to go through, according to the (variable groups, and changing habits of mind the 16, variable interaction groups)
Basic search sample consisted of (100) students from first grade, Faculty of Business Informatics groups to go through and had from my Department (Department of information systems, information technology) and reality (25) students per group. It has been building a brainstorming strategy lessons and built a scale mind mind habits according to the theory of Costa wekalik 2009 and composed of sixteen position in every position four alternatives, after application, data was processed, the researcher found differences between the average student scores statistical function in fact sets mind habits scale and interest groups had to go through and beyond the experimental group information systems management in most of the habits of mind, and this goes back to brainstorm strategic impact.

The current research aims to conduct an evaluation study of the quality of the book activity for mathematics first grade primary. To achieve this, the researchers built evaluation criteria and search tool, was presented to a group of arbitrators and experts, concluded the researchers to a set of conclusions was the most important: amounted to evaluating the quality of the book activity for mathematics first grade of primary standards (46) standard, divided into four areas, namely ( art direction and graphic authoring, respectively logical and psychological and methods of displaying content, appropriate content for learning outcomes, jobs main school activity), and that these standards generally provide in the book activity for mathematics first grade primary it was 43% and this ratio is weak, when compared to the importance of these standards for first grade pupils.

The purpose of the current research is to identify the effect of using the Merrill - Tenson model on the achievement of first grade students in the geographical section and their geographical characteristics. The sample consisted of (52) students with (26) for each experimental & control groups. In order to achieve the goal of the research, the researcher prepared a tools. The 1st one for Achievement test consisting of (30) paragraph (20) paragraph for the first question which is the type of multiple choice and (10) paragraphs of the type of pairing of the second question, the second tool is the test of geographical acquire concepts, (35) paragraphs, of which (15) paragraphs measure the acquire concept, (10) measure the example – and non examples of the concept, and (10) measure the application of the concept, the researcher used the following statistical means: t-test for two independent samples, Pearson correlation coefficient, Spearman-Brown equation, coefficient of difficulty, The effectiveness of the wrong alternatives, and test Chevee, and reached the following results:
1. There is a statistical difference at the level (0.05) between the average achievement of the members of the experimental and control groups and for the benefit of the experimental group who studied according to the model - Merrell - Tenson in the natural geography.
2. There is a significant difference at the level (0.05) between the experimental and control groups and for the benefit of members of the experimental group, which was studied according to the model Merrell - Tenson and therefore reject the hypothesis of zero and accept its alternative.
The researcher came out with a set of conclusions and recommendations, as well as a set of proposals, including:
Interest in the use of the Merrell -Tenson model in teaching the geographical concepts of natural geography for first-graders in the social department.
Of the recommendations. The impact of the use of the Merrell -Tennson and McCarthy models in the achievement of students in the first grade in the Department of Social Sciences & normal geography and the development of the tendency towards it.

The purpose of the current research is to identify the Reflections in college of education for humanity sciences curricula in reducing the phenomenon of administrative corruption from the point of view of the students. The sample consisted of (96) students(male and female) studying human rights and democracy curriculum in the educational and psychological sciences department for the academic year (2016-2017).
To achieve the objective of the research, the researcher prepared a questionnaire consisting of (26) verifiable and validated sentences, then applied to the members of the sample. After collecting the data and statistical analysis using Pearson correlation coefficient, percentage, & Z -test for ratios, the researcher found the following results:
1. There are acceptable views but not at the level of ambition, by students in the Department of Educational and psychological Sciences in the reflections of university curricula to reduce the phenomenon of administrative corruption.
2. There is no statistically significant difference between the average grades of students in the reflections of university curricula in reducing the phenomenon of administrative corruption from their point of view according to gender variable.
The researcher applied a set of conclusions, recommendations and proposals

"Peak experience" is recognized when an individual experiences a deep state of ego transcendence, including full absorption and a special sense of euphoria, surprise and humility, with completely getting rid of the anxiety and fear, accompanied by the loss of a sense of time and place. "Maslow" - who coined the concept of peak experience-, believes that the self – actualized people are very thin on the ground. They were able to make full use of their potentials, abilities and talents. Hence the peak experience may relate to "social interest", which includes individual perfection, bonding with humanity, and a sense of others and bring happiness to them. Thus the peak experience may represent a central concept that could be linked to the social interest. This vision leads to inquire the possibility of establishing a predictive conceptual link between social interest and peak experience. So our major hypothesis is that the intensification of the social interest could be led to experience a highest level of peak experience that is characterized by sublimity, joy and unity with the world. Five goals have been derived from this problem.
The research sample consisted of (125) teachers who are experts in teaching people with special needs. They were randomly selected from the six institutes specialized in this type of education in the city of Erbil. The sample included females and males, different ranges of ages, and various levels of education and years of service.
Two scales have been developed. The first one of the peak experience consisted of (22) items in its final form. The second one of social interest consisted of (29) items in its final form. The required psychometric conditions of both of them have been verified, such as items analysis, face validity, construct validity, internal consistency, and test – retest.
Statistical analysis has resulted in a number of findings, including:
- A high mean of both peak experience and social interest was found. Most respondents were located in the category of high social interest, and the category of moderate peak experience.
- No statistically significant differences have been found between males and females in both of peak experience and social interest.
- No statistically significant correlations have been found between peak experience and each of: years of service, age, and level of education.
- Social interest can positively predict peak experience, while the four other demographic variables can not do so neither individually nor combined.
- This positive predictive relationship begins to decline in the subjects with high social interest.
Then these results were discussed in the light of Maslow theory and Adler theory. Several conclusions have been made, including:
1. There is a theoretical link between Adler's perspective of "social interest", and Maslow's perspective of "peak experience". The first one may positively predict the second. This theoretical link is identified by the concept of "need for security".
2. Social interest can positively predict peak experience, but not definitively and completely, rather in a partial and conditional manner.
3. The concept of peak experience is independent from the four demographic variables: gender, years of service, age, and level of education. Its predictability is limited to the concept of social interest that had been initially constructed in the early childhood years.
4. The ability of social interest to positively predict peak experience is strongly influenced by the amount of this social interest. The moderate social interest provides a greater likelihood of peak experience, while peak experience begins to decrease with the high degrees of social interest.
A number of subsequent supplementary studies in the light of the questions and issues raised by current research have been proposed.

The study aimed at finding out the reality of the use of computers by principals and principals of middle schools in performing their duties and developing administrative work. The sample of the study consisted of (75) managers and managers, within the Directorate of Education of Anbar province. To implement the study, the researcher prepared the study tool in a questionnaire divided into four fields. The results showed that the mathematical averages of the responses of the study sample members in the fields of the study tool (1.17-2.21) (2.21). The second category was the use of e-mail with an average of (1.79). The field of computer applications ranked third with an average of (1.51) and fourth and last rank Ga (1.17). The mean average of the tool as a whole (1.71) was low. This indicates that the reality of the use of computers by principals and principals of middle schools in performing their tasks and developing administrative work was low, Differences in the actual use of computers according to gender, scientific qualification and management experience. In the light of the results, the study came out with several recommendations and proposals .

This research aims to know( the effect of the strategy of the level of cognitive thinking in cognitive in the achievement of fourth literary(female) students in the History. The researcher has formulated the hypothesis that there (is no significant difference at the level of significant "0.05") between the average achievement of the students of the experimental group who are studying the history subject according to the strategy (level of thinking above cognitive) and the average achievement of female students of the control group who are studying the history according to the traditional method. To achieve this, the experimental approach was chosen as a research methodology, the center of Al-khalis district was identified as a place to conduct research, in addition, the students were selected. As a middle school for research, and the sample was selected from fourth grade students in the center of Al-khalis and for the academic year (2015-2016) the sample was randomly selected and consisted of two experiment groups (35) female students and other female groups (34).
There were no female students in the sample. The sample consisted of (69) female students. The equivalence of the academic achievement for the previous academic year and the age of the female students was calculated in terms of months, and the achievement test was chosen, at the end of the experiment, the researcher used the appropriate statistical tools for research and found a difference in favor of the experimental group. In the light of the findings of the current research, several conclusions were drawn as recommended by the research with asset of recommendations.

Conclusions:-
1. The use of the strategy (the level of cognitive thinking) gives vitality of the lesson and increases the enthusiasm of students and their interaction with the nature of the course material.
2. this strategy helps to increase the level of academic achievement among female students in the history of the Arab Islamic Civilization.

Recommendations :-
1. The need for institutions of the Ministry of Education to focus on the generalization of the use of strategies beyond knowledge, including the strategy(the level of cognitive thinking) and training teachers on how to use the strategy.
2. Teachers and teachers of social materials should be trained to use a strategy(cognitive thinking level) and not just teaching and memorizing teaching methods.
3. To create classrooms, classrooms and teaching aids to help teachers and teachers to teach according to the strategy of (cognitive thinking).
Proposals :-
1. Conducting similar studies to determine the effectiveness of the use of strategy (level of cognitive thinking) in other variables such as development and acquisition of concepts and retention and development trends and others.
2. Conduct a study to identify the obstacles that prevent the implementation of a strategy (the level of cognitive thinking) and work to solve them.

The current research is aimed class basis to measure the attitude for women's leadership in the university community, as well as other aims on the nature of the difference in the attitudes towards women's leadership in accordance with the number of demographic variables such as: the university (Baghdad, Maysan) and function (teaching, employees), sex (male , females) and the number of years of service has been determined by current research sample of employees of the University of Baghdad, Maysan, consist of (246) associate selected on according to the above variables, in order to achieve the goals of research, the researcher built a scale to measure the attitude towards women's leadership and then check its properties psychometric and settled on (26) items and after using the t.test for one sample and two independent samples and analysis of variance unilateral study found the following results:
1. There is a strong positive attitude towards the subject of women's leadership with the sample as a whole.
2. There is no statistically significant difference in the attitude towards women's leadership depending on variable university (Baghdad, Maysan).
3. There is no statistically significant difference in the attitude towards women's leadership depending on the variable Occupation (teaching, employees).
4. There is statistically significant difference between males and females in the attitude towards women's leadership among a sample of all research faculty and staff from both universities and in favor of females.
5. There is no a statistically significant difference in the attitude towards women's leadership among those with scientific and humanitarian specialization of the teaching staff in the research sample.
6. There is a statistically significant difference in attitude towards women's leadership between males and females in a sample teaching staff in favor of females.
7. There is a statistically significant difference in attitude towards women's leadership between males and females in a sample of staff in favor of females.
8. There is no difference in a statistically significant attitude towards women's leadership among a sample search all depending on the number of years of service.
In light of the results obtained was presented a number of recommendations and suggestions.

(Current scientific research). (2016-2017), the research sample reached (50) students divided into two groups. The experimental group studied according to the self-questioning strategy and the control group studied in the usual way. (3) FACT, with the group of the SUPPORT of the SUPPORT of SENSES & Resolution. Is statistically significant The results showed a statistically significant difference in the development of the Internet concepts between the experimental and control groups and for the experimental group. The results also showed a statistically significant difference in the average score of the Internet concepts for the tribal and remote tests in the experimental group and for the post-test. Of the recommendations and proposals.