Journal of university of Anbar for Pure science

This study included survey for hard ticks Boophilas microplus . Infestations in cows at some areas in al-Anbar governorate by examining 2840 cows hide ,with different ages and from both sexes during the period December 2011 up to December 2012. Resalts revealed an optical in fastation 54.01% ,the in festation percent. In females was 62.54 % which was higher tham the in festation percent .In males which was 44.95 %. The rate of highest investation in age (month -<2) year was 71.59% and the lowest rate 21.68% was in cows at age of ( 8-<10) years with significant difference (p< 0.05) was conducted . The highest rate was 89,84.69% in May and June respectively and the lowest rate 16.66% in October with significant difference (p<0.05).

The study including the isotherm adsorption of some substituted of benzoic acid from solutions by using activated charcoal prepared by chemical treatment. This study gives a clear effect of the substituted group on the adsorption as well as obtained a higher adsorption at diluated concentration.The relation between the efficiency of adsorption and distribution coefficient was calculated and study the changing in electrical properties after adsorption to arrive to the models of how the acid molecules binding with surface of charcoal. This results refrecement with theoretical study for the factors affecting adsorption process which enforcement with experimental results.

Wild Species of seven Iraqi Asteraceae family were compared anatomically these specie Sonchus oleraceus, Silybum marianum, Gymnarrhena micrantha ,Calendula persica, Aster subulatus, Taraxucum officinale and Onopordon canum include Detailed of anatomical of stem, petiole and roots .The result showed that anatomical characters of stem and petiole such as shape outline, number of vascular bundles, size of pith and cortex, present of Chlorenchyma and collenchyma tissue or no are of considerable taxonomic value at the specific or generic level and can be used for taxa separation. The study showed the characters of epidermis , cortex' and vascular Bundal forms is be made the center of root and the measure the xylem and phloem .,

Fifteen isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from different clinical sources ( 4 from ear, 3 from wounds, one from sputum, 3 from urine, 3 from burns, and one isolates from cerebral spinal fluid), these isolates were tested to know its efficiency to produce protease in liquid and solid medium in primary and secondary screening stages. Isolate marked as P5 obtained from burns infection was more efficient one in protease production. The optimum(temperature, pH,incubation period, and culture medium) for enzyme production were determined and the result showed that pH 8، temperature 35 °C، incubation period 36 hrs were optimal conditions and tryptic soy broth medium for protease production.

The present study deals with the application of RAPD markers to study ten varieties of date palm in order to determine the genetic relationship and genetic distance among them. also aimed to determine the DNA fingerprinting for some of them. DNA was isolated from fresh leaves of date palm trees using CTAB method. The purity of DNA is (1.6-1.85) RAPD reactions had been conducted by using 12 primers. Three of them had not been detected, i.e. link sites which include OPN-16, OPZ-7 and OPF-10. Other nine primers show 617 bands 200 of them are main bands and 417 are a variety of Polymorphic bands. The primer OPW 13 has recorded the highest number of binding sites that makes 89 bands. The lower number of binding sites noticed 48 bands of the primer OPN 14. The (Jouzi) cultivar has recorded the highest number of binding sites making 7 bands. The variety (Barban), however, is characterized with having the least number of binding sites by 40 bands.The results of genetic distance of the RAPD interactions had revealed that the minimum value of the genetic distance (0.0966) are between the two cultivar (Ashrasee 8) and (Dakwani 9), the highest value of genetic distance is (0.3214) between the two varieties (Uwainat Ayyub 6) and (Braban10). According to these values and regarding to genetic relationship، ten varieties had been classified into three main groups, the first group had included the variety (Ashrasi 8), (Dakwani 9) and (Braban 10). The second group includes the two varieties (Um Balaleez 2) and (Asabia Alaroos 5). The third group includes two single varieties that include (Assabia Alaroos 5) and (Jouzi 4) and (Maya 7). The second group includes the varieties (Tibarzal, (Khiarah 3) and(Uwaynat Ayyub 6)

This isolated genus has a considerable and important value in biotechnological resources and applications,. These bacteria use much more efficiently the organic substances small molecules units such nitrate, nitrite and used in biosorption for heavy metals ions like Zn+2,Cu+2, Pb+2. Cd+2 This work belongs to a research study on biodegradation of environmental pollutants with nitrate and nitrite, which studies denitrifying bacteria such Pseudomonas aeruginosa. They were tested in labs and naturally in waste water of deferent areas at Baghdad.It was found that strains of Pseudomonas were reduced of 21-35 % from NO3- and 31-47% from NO2- during 24 hours incubation ,checking pH7, contained in used medium to some other nitrogenous compounds using the enzyme nitrate reductase and enzyme nitrite reductase. In the process of bio sorption showed the removal that the concentration of heavy metals( Zn,Cu,Cd,Pb) above from the type of bacteria. The ratio of removal for Pseudomonas aeruginosa in concentration above %48.4%، 85.6 %،82.3%،33.3.

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of cutting type and sun light exposure. Terminal middle and basal cuttings were taken from upwar dowrward shoots. Based on results obtained , the medial cuttings and sun light exposure significantly exceeded by increasing rooting percentage(3.67 , 3.33)% roots length (12.77, 11.2) cm, chlorophyll percentage (22.7, 23.7)% ,leaves number (7.11, 6.92) leaf/plant and shoots number (2.77 , 2.47 )shot/plant , respectively Moreover , the interaction between medial cutting and sunlight exposure significantly increased rooting and vegetative growth characteristics.

Some blood variable and reduced Glutathione (GSH) concentration had been studied besides lipid peroxides (Malondialdehyde (MDA)) and the concentration of trace ions of the element (Fe+2 , Cu+2 , Zn+2) in the blood serum of ill mace children. The study including sixty children suffering of acute hemolytic anemia of ages between (1-10)years ,more over another 30 healthy childs appearance of the some ages as a control group . The result indicated significant decrease at (P ≤ 0.05) of the activity of the enzyme G6PD in the children suffering illness due to the enzymatic deficiency in comparison with healthy children where the value of the enzyme activity recorded illustrated that the suffered children recorded (1.77 ± 0.71) U/g.Hb while the healthy children was (12.64 ± 2.40) U/g.Hb . The result also showed the children suffering G6PD lack recorded low significant result (P ≤ 0.05) at both the concentration of hemoglobin , site of packed red blood cells , reduced Glutathione and the concentration of Zn+2 relatively to healthy, where its concentration for the suffering children (5.82 ± 1.16) g/dl , (18.43 ± 3.81) % , (2.95 ± 0.99) µmol/l and (15.78 ± 4.23) µmol/l while for the healthy were (11.95 ± 0.67) g/dl , (37.76 ± 1.98) % , (7.80 ± 2.20) µmol/l , (20.60±3.06) µmol/l respectively. While it revealed significant elevation (P ≤ 0.05) at both white blood cells and the MDA concentration ,besides the concentration of Fe+2 and Cu+2 at the Infected children regarding the healthy children. Where by its concentration at Infected children (8.46 ± 2.03)*103 cell/mm3 , (20.83 ± 7.75) µmol/l , (81.75 ± 48.58) µmol/l and (44.29 ± 10.88) µmol/l. while for healthy were (16.14 ± 5.57)*103 cell/mm3 , (8.98 ± 2.47) µmol/l , (33.48 ± 5.23) µmol/l and (33.19 ± 6.76) µmol/l. respectively.

The aim of this research is to prepare and study the kinetics effect of temperature and photochemical reactions of the hydroxamic acid derivatives of diethyl succinate through the interaction of alkyl halides and diethyl succinate in the presence of strong base. The transformation of ester to hydroxamic acid derivatives by the direct interaction between the ester hydroxyl amine hydrochloride in the presence of sodium hydroxide. Identification of the prepared compounds by determination of molecular weights and melting points. In addition to I.R and U.V spectroscopic absorption of the prepared compounds. Effect of temperature on the dissociation constant of hydroxamic acids derivatives in aqueous solutions. Ionic conductivity of these solutions were measured at different temperatures. It is found that the value of the dissociation constant of hydroxamic acid derivatives increase with temperature. The effect of radiation on the dissociation constant of hydroxamic acid derivatives through the preparation of series of solutions. Then these solutions were exposed to radiation at the wave length (λ=254nm), then the ionic conductivity was measured at different times and the dissociation constant (Ka, pK) was determined. It is found that dissociation constant increased with will time increment.

The present study has been carried out to evaluate the performance of the water filtration system model (Artec). The physiological, chemical, and biochemical properties have been studied to determine their effects on the performance of this system. The system has been tested for an operation period that lasted for 1380 hrs divided into four stages during which, 130 water samples have been collected from five locations in the system in the first stage and seven locations in the second, third and forth stages UV lamp has been added in the third stage. Sample collection has started on the 1st of Feb. 2012 and ended on the 10th of Feb. 2013 to determine the physical properties of water samples represented by temperature, turbidity and electric conductivity and the chemical properties represented by hydrogen index, solid melting material and complete turbidity, in addition to measuring some positive and negative ions, melting oxygen, total count of bacteria, isolating and diagnosing types of bacteria in the samples.Results of studying the physical and chemical properties have shown that the water samples collected from location S, the clean water taken from the tap of the system, which are within the allowed limits.Results of the isolation and diagnosis in the unit of the study have revealed no bacterial pollution and the ability to isolate and diagnose the following bacteria Enterobacter cloacae complex (5.38%), Sphingomonas paucimobilis (0.64%)، Micrococcus lylae (2.55 %), Rhizobium radiobacter (0.27%), Micrococcus luteus (6.36 %)، Staphylococcus lentus (2.71 %), Acintobacter baumannii (7.04 %), Acintobacter calccaceticus (3.72 %)، Kocuria kristinae (2.92 %), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (59.40 %), Enterobacter cloacae dissolvens (3.39 %)، Raoultella ornithionolytica (1.55 %)، Ralstonia pickcttii (3.99 %).

The complexes of manch base (derived from Salicylaldehyde and represented by: L1:(1,1-(piperazine-1,4-diylbis((2-hydroxyphenyl)methylene))di urea. L2:(N,N-piperazine-1,4-diylbis((2- hydroxyphenyl)methylene))dithiourea. With transition metal salt of Zn(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) were prepared. They were characterized by using (FT-IR) spectroscopy,(UV-Vis.) spectrophotometery, also by using molar conductance. This study showed that ligands as a chelating bidentate and the Co، Zn complexes have an octahedral geometry, and the Cu، Ni complexes have square planer and tetrahedral geometry respectively. The free ligands and their complexes have been tested for their antibacterial activities against two kinds of human pathogenic bacteria: (Staphylococcus aureus), (Escherichia coli ). The first group are Gram positive while the second group are Gram negative by using agar well diffusion method. Finally، it was found that compounds show different activity of inhibition on growth of the bacteria.

The woke focuses on the preparation of polymer matrix composite materials by Hand lay –up method from unsaturated polyester resin (UPE) as a matrix reinforced by woven Roven or random glass fiber kind (E-glass) with volume fraction 25%.This work include studding the unreinforced (UPE) and its composites which reinforced by (one،two and three) layers of woven Roven (W.R)or random glass fiber in the dry and wet cases at room temperature.Results of the work should that the number of fatigue cycles to failure decrease with increasing the number of reinforcing layers for all samples in the dry and wet cases،Also the number of these cycles for the samples immersed in water less than that of the same dry samples.

This research included study the effect of the pulse laser beam that type (Nd: YAG) on material piezoelectric, was chosen as the piezopolymer material polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) with thickness (9  m), in this test so as to possess unique properties vary rather more from other piezoelectric materials in terms of high flexibility, small size and ability to respond to high frequencies. The laser pulse was supply with high energies of (530 mJ to 570mJ) on PVDF polymeric material. The results that get it show, the shape of signal in multimeter equipment depend on the energy of laser beam. That is because of conversion of light waves (pulse laser) to sound waves. This process is called the phenomenon of the (photoacustic). Where we known the form of the resulting electrical signal for each amount of energy were used.

A total of 20 female mice (8 week of age)a 10 mice control and 10 deal with 10¬¬¬5cfu per animal of¬¬¬ Brucella melitensis by injection intraperitonial. Samples were collected over a 6 week period of infection. Blood collected for serological test revealed positive for animals were injected with bacteria then animal dissected, liver and spleen collected and kept in 10% formalin for histological study.Results showed Histopathological changes show congestion, granulomatous, fatty change,fibrosis in liver and increased number of lymphohistiocytic cells and increased amount of white pulp. The study concluded thatthepathological changes in liver and spleen caused by brucellamelitensis in mice are similar to those observed in humans with brucellosis.

The antifungal activity of different concentration of natural honey , synthetic honey and sugar syrup were examined against ten strains Candida albicans that isolated from saliva of patients with dentil caries and gingival ulcer . The antifungal test was done by agar dilution method by adding honey to the agar after sterilization . The concentrations used in this study of all sample were ranged from (10%-85%) (w/v) The natural honey MIC that inhibited C. albicans growth ranged from (20%-40%)(w/v%) . A synthetic honey and sugar solution was also tested to determine antifungal activity attributable to sugars. C. albicans was more resistant against the presence of synthetic honey and sugar syrup in the culture medium at concentrations above 70% (w/v%) . What the data suggests is that the component in the honey responsible for the observed antifungal in vitro properties is not sugar based. Honey might be tapped as a natural resource to look for new medicines for the treatment of mycotic infections. This could be very useful, onside ring the increasing resistance of antifungal.

Forty specimens of surgically removed hydatid cyst were obtained from patients in different hospitals in Al-Anbar province. The aim of study was designed to determine the type of common larval stage (hydatid cyst) of echinococosis in Al-Anbar province according to PCR molecular differentiation.The study was carried out during the period from first day of January to the last day of December 2013.The age of patient ranged from (10 – ≥ 65 ) years old, (19 males and 21 females). A questionnaire paper was performed to each patient which includes information about age, sex,residence,occupation,exposure variable, water source, site of hydatid cyst and case history.From the obtained results, it's revealed that the age group (21 – 30 years) presented high hydatidosis parasitic infestation which was 35% , whereas the age group more than50 years presented low parasitic infection which was 2.5% . 47.5% of patients were males and 52.5% were females.Twenty eight(70%) patients live in rural areas. Also, twenty patients (50%) were exposured to livestock animals, (40%) of patients were farmers, twenty seven patients(68%) were consumed river water, The most common localization was the liver (65%). Purification of DNA was done by QIAamp DNA Mini kit from QIAGEN for cyst. Specific primers were designed for the diagnostic PCR. It amplifies a 133-basepair segment within the newly described repeated unit that amplified a target repeated sequence (EgG1 Hae III) newly identified in the genome of the common sheep strain of E. granulosus. Primer based on the flanking sequences allowed the PCR amplification of E. multilocularis, a fragment of mitochondrial 12S rDNA was amplified by PCR from human genomic DNA by using the cestode-specific primers 60 were used as targets for (PCR) amplification.The total number of the cysts specimens that gave positive results of E.granulosus by PCR was 37 (92.5%) patients and the number of specimens that gave negative results was 3(7.5%),while all specimens gave negative result of E. multilocularis by using PCR analysis.The present study showed that E. granulosus is a major causative of hydatidosis in Al-Anbar Province while E. multilocularis is not detected by using PCR approach.

Novel 1,3-oxazepane-4,7-dione derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of phenyl succinic anhydride with Schiff‘s bases in anhydrous benzen with high yields. Schiff's bases were synthesized by the reaction of heteroaromatic aldehydes or ketones with primary heterocyclic amines. The resulting products were identified by their melting point and their molecular structures were confirmed by FT-IR , UV-Vis. and 1HNMR spectroscopy.

In the present work , Iraqi Kaolin were used as an alternative cheap material for the synthesis of three types of zeolite (3A, 4A and 5A) by using microwave heating techniques. The prepared zeolite powders were shaped in cylindrical rods form by extrusion with 1 mm diameter and 3 mm height which were dried at 110ºC for 1hour and calcinated at 550ºC for 3 hours.Zeolites are appropriate adsorbents e.g. in this work they were used for H2S gas adsorption. The adsorption was performed in a static form and constant volume stainless steel system. The results obtained indicated that zeolite type (5A) has the higher adsorption capacity and the sequence of the three zeolites is : 5A> 4A> 3A. The equilibrium data fit with Langmuir, Freundlich and Toth models of adsorption and the linear regression coefficient R2 was used to elucidate the best fitting isotherm model. Kinetics of the adsorption was also investigated over a wide range of pressures and temperatures.

Interaction between kaolin ( particle size 53 and 106 μm ) and urea was studied by infrared spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction. Interaction was found to be dependent on the particle size of kaolin raw material. Nature of interaction achieved through the formation of hydrogen bonds between urea and both AlOH and Si –O surface of kaolinite. Effect of temperature on equilibrium adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution using kaolin also studied, the results were analyzed by Langmuir and frendlich isotherms. Thermodynamic parameters such as ΔG, ΔH and ΔS were calculated. Results suggested that the MB adsorption on kaolin was spontaneous and exothermic process.

ROS are highly toxic to all types of biological molecules including DNA, lipids, protein and carbohydrates, and ROS considered as a cause of much disease including genital diseases. The study consists of 72 infertile with different categories (Oligozoospermia, Asthenozospermia and Normozoospermia) and 24 healthy men as control in the period from March to November 2012. Patients were selected and analyzed according to WHO 2010. The following biochemical parameters have been examined for each sample (net semen ROS (Reactive oxygen species), washed Sperm ROS Lipid Peroxidation and DNA damage level). Result show a significant increase in ROS, Lipid peroxidation, DNA damage in different groups infertile men compared to fertile, while no significant difference in washed spermatozoa ROS level. Low sperm count in Oligozoospermia group may be due to apoptosis process in the testes activated by high level of ROS. The link between ROS and reduced motility may be due to the decrease in axonemal protein phosphorylation and sperm immobilization. Lipid peroxidation in Normozoospermia infertility occurs in a high level in the sperm acrosome, leading to loss of the ability to penetrate the ovum.

Several new Schiff bases linked to sulfonamidonaphthalimide moiety have been synthesized. The first step in this work involved introducing of 4-(N-naphthalimidyl) phenyl sulfonylchloride in amination reaction with hydrazine hydrate producing 4-(N-naphthalimidyl) phenyl sulfonylhydrazine. Introducing of the prepared sulfonyl hydrazine in condensation reaction with different substituted aromatic aldehydes in the second step afforded the target new Schiff bases. Structures of the prepared compounds were elucidated on the basis of FTIR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR spectral data which agreed with the proposed structures. The newly synthesized compounds are expected to have biological activity scince they are built from biologically active components including naphthalimide, sulfonylimide and Schiff base.

Cadmium Oxide ( CdO ) thin films have been prepared by vacuum evaporation method on Si (111) substrate at room temperature using CdCl2 as a source of Cd. Detailed structural properties of the films are presented using XRD and SEM. The films was pure polycrystalline CdO phase with high crystallinity. The lattice constant average crystallite size of the nanocrystalline CdO thin films were calculated. SEM image confirm the formation nanostructure. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis spectra of CdO thin films shows the presence of Cd and O peaks only, no additional peaks attributed to impurities or contamination are observed.