Journal of Kerbala University

Immunological profile of LADA is not so clear, so detection of chemokines is quite important to determine the extent and direction of immune responses.
Objective: the aim of the study is to clarify the levels of chemokines in diabetes mellitus type 2 patients and LADA patients and show their relation with diabetes complications.
Methodology: level of the chemokines CCL2, CCL3and CCL4 were estimated in 90 subjects (34 known LADA cases, 36 D.M.2 cases & 20 healthy control participants), participating patients were recruited from Diabetes outpatient clinic in AL-Hussein Teaching Hospital in Karbala from June, 2013 through January, 2014. A clinical questioner containing personal data, family history, type of diabetes, hemoglobin A1C( HA1C), body mass index (BMI), diabetes duration&
complications of diabetes was obtained from all patients. Statistical analysis done by using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software for windows, data of all participants were entered and analyzed with appropriate statistical tests.
Results: significant high level of CCL2in LADA group compared to DM2, a positive correlation between CCL2 and duration of diabetes. Also CCL2 levels increased more with obese diabetic patients. .higher concentrations of CCL3 and CCL4 are associated with more complications in DM2 group.

A set of facts can be summed up by the research:
1-The number of displaced families to the province of Najaf (2017) from different provinces of
Iraq14365 and distributed at different rates on the administrative units of the province
of Najaf
2- Distribution variation of displaced families among the administrative0 units came Najaf
with (4.60%) followed by Al - Haidariya by 17%, Kufa by 13%, Al Manathrah by 3.2%
The rest of the administrative units came after that Confusion Hira 2, 6%, Abbasia 2%,
Mashkhab 1% Huriya 0, 3% and the number of 54 families, Qadisiyah 3% and the number
470 families.
0 3-The number variation of families displaced from the Iraqi governorates to Najaf
governorate was ranked first, with Ninewa governorate at 5, 82%, followed by Anbar
province (105%), Salah ad Din governorate and Baghdad 3% each, Diyala, Kirkuk and Babil
4-There are a number of factors that led to the variation of the movement of displaced persons
to the administrative units in Najaf Governorate, the most prominent of which are job
opportunities and availability of scientific services (universities, colleges and institutes) and
health services (hospitals and health centers)

Postcolonial theory and literature became prominent in the late twentieth century as a means of analysing the common experiences and problems of people from former colonies as they navigate the world post-independence. One important aspect of postcolonial studies is the experience of Diaspora, which has been a common theme in English literature. Diaspora is not only a physical mobility of the immigrants from their homeland to the foreign land, but a kind of psychological dislocation in which the immigrants experience a sense of displacement, marginalization and a loss of identity. Some immigrants experience ambivalent feelings of „in-betweeness‟ and are torn between the two cultures, thus they suffer from a broken and split identity. On the other hand, other immigrants try to fully adjust themselves and assimilate with the new culture and live as expatriates. This study examines Anita Desai‟s novel, Bye-Bye Blackbird, and Bharati Mukherjee‟s The Tiger’s Daughter, both were published in 1971, and fallen in the category of immigration literature. Both novels recapture the experiences of diasporic Indians in Britain and the U.S immigrants but from different perspectives. Moreover, the study attempts to explore the similarities between the two novels but more importantly, how these novels differ in their views of diasporic experiences. Cultural heterogeneity within and across the countries concerned, and the variety of individual voices within the postcolonial novel mean that the Indian Diaspora cannot be construed as one common experience

The analysis of the data using the survival function is one of the most important topics in our
daily life because it is included in many medical fields where cancer data were collected from the
center of the Middle Euphrates in Najaf. The data studied were for the period (2013-2016), and
the total number of patients in the study was (96) and all of them died during this period but on
different dates . A number of methods were used to estimate the survival function, The
methods used are (the Kernel method, the Nelson Method (NL) method, the Empirical Method
(EM) method). The researcher then compared the methods of estimating the survival function
and that which calculated from the data to choose the best of these methods depending on the
average of the mean squares error (MSE) .

In this paper , we introduce the notions of Complete Ideal, K-Ideal, Complete K-Ideal, Closed Complete K-Ideal in bounded Q-algebra, and as well some suggestions and relationships among them are debated .

This study sought to determine the impact of organizational commitment and its role in
achieving strategic flexibility through the cultural dimensions of Hofstead. In order to achieve
this, the study adopted the dimensions of the organizational commitment of (emotional
commitment, continuous commitment, normative commitment) and the extension of strategic
flexibility (market flexibility, production flexibility, competitive flexibility). The cultural
dimensions of Hofstead were: (Individual, masculine, long-term trend, indulgences(.
The study population was represented at the University of Karbala. The study variables were
measured using a questionnaire questionnaire prepared for this purpose, with 116 questionnaires
distributed
The study has reached a number of conclusions, the most important of which is the existence
of a positive, strong, and significant relationship of significance to the organizational
commitment to strategic flexibility through the medium variable Hofstead cultural dimensions.
The study concluded with a set of recommendations. To promote awareness and understanding
of the concept of cultural diversity, its importance and its role in promoting the spirit of
commitment of employees by encouraging them to participate in decision-making, encouraging
the taking of individual entrepreneurship and generating creative ideas and participating in their
application to improve the quality of services provided.

The theme of thresis earch is centered on the biography of Sultan al-Zahir Baybars
Bunduqdari and its role in clamping Abutments the Mamluks prejudging in the Egypt and
syria during his reign , which lasted suffered from 658 -676 AH / 1260-1277 AD.
We have found through this study that the AL - Sultan Baybars is the real founder of
the State of Mamluk the Egypt and Syria because he was able to transform this
Sultanate of young country emerging into a strong state supported by pillars, as it took
the phrase measures political, administrative and military objective was to strengthen the
state and install the Sultanate The new factors could not only do the governor talented
strong determination .

For several subclasses of multivalent meromorphic functions in the punctured unit disc having a pole at the origin of p order, the subordination and some of inclusion properties are studied. Through combinations and iterations of operator ( ) for normalized regular functions the subclasses under search are defined. In this paper the impact of the increase of diverse parameters on the size of the subclasses are discussed. Applications are specified for the subordination outcomes on the electromagnetic cloaking.

The cats infected experimentally by microcysts and macrocystsof Sarcocystis, and the histological tests of host small intestine appear present the micro and macro gamets formacrocysts of Sarcocystis at 48 h. after the infection by cats surgeryas wellas the sporocysts present in stool after 14 days from the infection

Khor Al-Zubair and Khor Abdullah are part of the North Arabian Gulf,
they have an important role for the environmental, economic and
oceanography of the Iraqi waters in particular and the Arabian Gulf in general.
The study area is located at the head of Gulf then extends northwest direction, it
is consider as important as a gateway connecting the mouth of the Shatt al-Arab
and the Bubian and Warba islands. Flashing time is the time that required for the
exchange or transition of marine blocks completely with other marine water. The
temperature rate ranging between (28-34)°C and the rate of salinity ranges between
(39-45)‰ ,the current speed are ranging from (0.8-1.5)m/s. The study showed that
the flashing time of Khor Al-Zubair was around from 5-6 days and it is up to 4
days of Khor Abdullah in order to be renewed marine waters in which, as it must
take into account the length of time for the renewal of work at a new industrial

This research Presents a study to manifest the Characteristics of the prince Badir bin
Hassnawayh AL - kurdy AL- Brzegany ( 1014 A.D. 405A.H) . He had a great role in military ,
political developments and events in AL – Jibal region during AL – Buwayhy age.
It is concluded through this study that the prince Badir bin Hassnawayh can be considered
as a worldly – wise boss or leader . In addition , all the original historians stated that it is
important to consider the prince Badir as one of the cunning political figures during his period.
However , he still considered as a worried source a long his govern to the state of AL –
Buwayhya . the prince Badir had a swinging relationship with the state of AL – Buwayhya
divided between peace at one side and war at the other until his death.

In order to get perfect irrigation system and reduce waste in water of irrigation projects and control water scarcity which become one of hard problem in Iraq so have to predicting water duty for each project spatially in Babylon governorate and generally in Iraq governorates through calculating crops consumptive and cropping patterns to crops which planted and turn estimating the crops water duty after that calculating water duty of projects in order to be the delivery of water required to truly the field. The water duty can be defined as the crop need of water either field or farm turn out in field. The water duty includes crops evapotranspiration (ETc) in addition to crop consumptive (CU); the crop consumptive was very small compare with crop evapotranspiration by 1% therefore it can be neglected and the water duty depending on crop evapotranspiration only.

In order to get perfect irrigation system and reduce waste in water of irrigation projects and control water scarcity which become one of hard problem in Iraq so have to predicting water duty for each project spatially in Babylon governorate and generally in Iraq governorates through calculating crops consumptive and cropping patterns to crops which planted and turn estimating the crops water duty after that calculating water duty of projects in order to be the delivery of water required to truly the field. The water duty can be defined as the crop need of water either field or farm turn out in field. The water duty includes crops evapotranspiration (ETc) in addition to crop consumptive (CU); the crop consumptive was very small compare with crop evapotranspiration by 1% therefore it can be neglected and the water duty depending on crop evapotranspiration only.

The current study in clouded using mixtures different concentration prepared from a
selection of spices (nutmeg, ginger, cloves, mustard, cinnamon, cubeb, white pepper) and
adding them to meat patties at various rates. After performing Sensory Evaluation from
among the 21 prepared mixtures, 12 were chosen for showing acceptable sensory results
relating to spices intensity and after that we the prepared treat meat patties and who was
superfine clouded with flavor mixture were preserved by refrigeration at 4 C for (0, 4,7, 10)
day , we noticed from the result The rates of moisture and fat With an increase of cooling
period of ten days Compared to control sample which contained a percentage of moisture by
(59.92,60.22,60.45,60.90)% respectively and the proportion of fat by
(11.01,11.22,11.40,11.70) % respectively while the proportion of protein and ash decreased
With an increase of cooling period of ten days has reached (3.63,18.39)% respectively while
it was before cooling (4.32,18.80)% respectively, also showed the best results (5,7,10)for
mixtures and mix(5,8,6) For fat and mix(1,9,10) For protein and mix (3,7,8) For Ashes
During refrigerated storage , and during statistical analysis of result we found morale effect at
p.value (p 0.01) for the effect of meat type ,cooling period ,mixture type, & effect of
overlapping between factor.

This paper is to study the effect of river water and distilled water on the response of the
pepper plant to the Nano-nutrient. An experiment was carried out with more than one
observation within the experimental unit according to the completely randomize design. The
experiment was repeated 3 times. The results showed that the nutrient Nano-particles are
affected by the quality of irrigation water. The results showed that the response of pepper plant
to the Nano nutrient when using river water is better than its response when using distilled water.

The study aimed to identify the relationship between the distinguishing characteristics of adolescents' perceptions and their relation to the variable of violence (high / low .)
The study was conducted on a sample of adolescents aged (13-14) years in the second grade of the average boys. After identifying the society, two samples were drawn: the survey sample was 60 students while the sample of the basic study was (120) students were randomized, ) Of the total (25) schools .
The first is the scale of violence prepared in the Iraqi environment by Abadi (2012). The second is the tool of analysis of drawings prepared by al-Reza 2018 in the Iraqi environment. The researcher used them after extracting the stability and honesty of both of them. The validity of the two tools was based on the basic sample of the study and subjecting the data that resulted to the statistical methods

Forty awassi ewes were used in this study , average body weight 48.65 kg and 3 – 5 years in
old . Ewes were divided randomly into two groups [ 20 ewes in each group] , and fed with restricted
quantity 1.5 kg / ewe daily of rations consist of barley grain , wheat bran , soybean meal and wheat
straw . The first group were fed on untreated ration [control] , while barley grain was treated with
formaldehyde solution to decreased its degradability in the ration of second group . Results
indicated that differences was no significant in breeding weight 52.80 and 50.40 kg , also it was
noted un significant improved in conception rate 70 vs. 80 , number of lambs born 18 vs. 22 and in
lambing rate 128.57 vs. 137.5 % respectively , results of blood parameters showed no significant
differences in glucose , urea and proteins concentration , but cholesterol concentration was
decreased [ p< 0.05 ] in the group that fed on slow degradable barley 34.39 mg/ dl as compared to
59.78 mg/ dl in control group.

Three copper cylinder oriented geometries have been experimentally tested for heat transfer enhancement. These geometries include ellipse, squared cusp and triangle cusp cross section. The circular cross section was also tested for comparison purposes. The test specimens have been manufactured using different machining processes such as lathing, riming, grinding and drilling. The test specimens were rotated around their centers by several angles 45°, 60° and 90° to obtain the optimum position for good heat transfer enhancement. The results reveals that the standing ellipse and square cusp have the high heat transfer coefficient. The circular cross section was found to have the lower value of heat transfer coefficient.

Al-Muradi sought to establish his views on grammatical origins and laws in accordance with a
scientific method and a precise methodology. This research will reveal the function of the Qur'anic
witness in his book Al-Jinnah Al-Dani in the letters of the meanings.
Al-Muradi relied on the verses of the Quran in the employment of the Qur'anic witness, which
appeared in several directions, including supporting the provisions, approving or revoking them,
invoking Quranic verses, responding to an opinion or revoking a rule. In this research, we will
insist on invoking Quranic parallels, responding to a view and rejecting a rule.
Al-Muradi dealt with the verses of the Quran in the employment of the Qur'anic witness. In the
introduction of the Qur'an, he found the use of the Qur'an in the. establishment of grammatical
rules and grammatical rules

The current study aimed to dry the egg and yolk of the table eggs by using three different
methods for drying the whiteness and yolks separately (oven, vaccum oven, freeze drying), As
well as studying the effect of each of the three methods on the components of food in both white
and yolk and compared to white and fresh yolks, eggs are one of the most valuable food, as it is
rich in proteins and amino acids, vitamins and minerals and that the components of eggs from the
eggs and yolks of high biological value and are easily digested and known They provide the best
proteins.
The results of the chemical analysis showed that the liquid whiteness and the dry linen of the air
oven, the empty oven and the extraction contain the ratio of 11.01, 92.80, 92.71 and 92.59%
respectively, and moisture ratio 87.96, 6.01 and 6.04 and 6.40%, respectively, and 0.88, 0.67,
0.63 and 0.61% respectively.
The results of the statistical analysis of liquid and dried egg yolks in the three methods showed
that the ratio of protein were 16.01, 31.57, 31.89 and 31.11%, respectively, and the fat ratio were
30.63, 59.80, 59.67 and 60.20%, respectively, and moisture ratio were 51.86, 4.69 and 4 .68 and
4.90%, respectively, and the ash ratio was 1.30, 3.51, 3.50 and 3.48%, respectively.

The banking sector is one of the important economic sectors due to the rapid development of the technology. Recent banking sector accelerated steps towards improving the performance of the banking system and improve the quality of the service provided in order to rise to the great challenges they face in their work. The most important characteristic of the banking business in the age of globalization is the increasing role of banking technology And work to maximize the benefits of information and communication technologies in order to develop systems and means of provision of banking services and invent new applications for banking service is efficient and fast in performance in line with the accelerated pace of banking services.
This study focuses on the problem of the usage of information technology in the banking sector and aims to measure the use of information technology in a number of private banks in the governorate of Diwaniyah in (Dar es Salaam, Warka, elaf Bank, Gulf Bank. Baghdad Bank). It will also study a number of conclusions and recommendations highlighting conclusions and will try to provide the most notable recommendations and keep abreast of developments in this area as information technology is considered an important element is active in banking.

Reliability and data analysis using survival function are considered as important topics of our
daily life, as they enter in many engineering, medical and industrial fields, the researcher urged
through this paper to estimate survival function and the functions related to for breast cancer
patients, he collected the data for this thesis from middle euphrates center located in Holy Najaf, the
studied data were for the period (2013-2016), the total number of patients of this study was (96)
patients, they all died within this time and they were all females, this study focused on the estimate
of survival function

This research aimed to Know effectiveness of the Instruction by using mental imagination in Achievement
female pupils of fifth primary class in Social , and to achieve aim of the research , the researcher has put the
following zero hypothesis:-"There is no statistic indicative difference in level(0,05)the average of
learning female pupils of first experimental group who studied Social by using mental imagination and
average of learning the pupils of control group who studied Social traditional method". The
researcher has chosen the experimental design of partial control and Al Murqadin Al Sharifayn primary
school for girls in center Karbala was chose nrandomly to be the sample of study .the sample of research is(62)
pupils of fifth primary class for academic year(2016–2017),they are distributed into two groups,to (31)in
experimental group and (31)in exactly group to attained on the statistical equivalent in the two groups for the
research in these variables the age of pupils by month, education of their parenthood,test of
intelligencem, the general rank for the fourth primary stage.The research has formed (104) behavioural
aims and she has prepared teaching plans for the subjects of the two chapters,the first and the second,
from the source Social materials which will be taught in the experimenton the light of the book content and
formed behavioural aims and due to used methods. She has prepared learning post-test in Social-test consisted of (40) items, after ensuring of its correctness to be examined by agroupof experts and referees.While
stability was known by using Spirmann-Perwann equation which have value(81%),the experiment
ended on the pupils.and when the data treated statistically by using the fare way testing for two independent
samples which called (T-test) .The conclusion for the study is:The different in the statistical sign at the
level(0.05)between the medium for the females pupils which studied by using the learning Mental Imagination in a
hievement and the control group has studied with a traditional method,the level of difficulty of its
items and strength recognition and its wrong alternatives activity.

The study was conducted at the horticulture and forestry department / Al-Najaf agriculture
directorate during spring and autumn growing seasonss of 2017. It aimed to study the effect of
phosphorus،boron and amino acids application on growth and yield of cowpea. The first
treatment was four foliar application of total amino acids including (0,2,4 and 6) ml.liter-1. The
second treatment was three soil application of phosphorus and boron 160 kg P2O5.hectare, and 2
gm.liter-1 respectively, in addition to phosphorus +boron with the same application level. The
control treatment was set for comparison. The experiment design was a factorial experiment
using RCBD with three replications. Duncan's multiples range test was used to compare means
with probability of level 0.05.