Sciences Journal Of Physical Education

The tests are considered one of the important methods that shows the validity of the training programs in particular, as these tests were scientifically prepared and the successful coach always needs to know the result of what he does during training operations, or the research problem is not to use the tests that are valid for healthy people and apply them to people with special needs as well as from the problems facing workers in this field. The research aims at standard scores and levels to test the wheelchair screen defense movement among basketball in wheelchair players . The descriptive method has been used in a survey method and correlative and normative relationships for its suitability for the nature of research problem . The whole thing to be solved, and after extracting the results, the researcher concluded that building a test that measures wheelchair screen defense movement among basketball in wheelchairs players , reached to the modified Z and T scores and levels was adjusted to test wheelchair screen defense movement among basketball in wheelchairs players . The researcher recommended that it is necessary to build another skills tests for basketball in wheelchair players

The research aims to identify the effect of a program using learning technology on some basic skills in basketball among first grade intermediate female students. The researcher used the experimental method in the two groups method, pre- and post-test, on a sample consisting of (44) female students from the research community, then the researcher excluded (14 student from the research sample to participate in the exploratory experience, so that the final number will be settled on (30) students, divided into two experimental and controlling groups by (15) students for each group. To achieve the research objective, the researcher prepared a teaching program according to technology of learning some basic skills of basketball among first grade intermediate female students .

Sports clubs is among the strategies used by administrators, which contribute to determine the success of the work of sports clubs through its management and then taking advantage of the capabilities to reach the required levels in the extent of what the manager provides, which is reflected by knowing the tangible results from the players, especially in a Volleyball and their application of administrative instructions directed by administrators in sports clubs. The research aims to:
1.Build, codify and apply the scale of administrative creativity for administrators in managing and organizing volleyball activities in sports clubs in the central and southern regions
2.Set standard levels for the scale of administrative creativity for administrators in managing and organizing activities in volleyball for sports clubs in the central and southern regions
3.Identify the level of administrative creativity of administrators in managing and organizing activities in volleyball for sports clubs in the central and southern regions.

Introducing the research and its importance by designing a proposed training program for physical exercises according to Sakyu handball training for junior players based on special endurance training, and thus standing on one of the basic and important training aspects and its role on the player’s position during the game that is characterized by performing a physical effort alternating between rapid and strong movements related to the skills whose performance requires physical, skill and physiological adjustments according to the effect of the proposed exercises and identifying of the results of such studies, which helps in directing the numbers of players according to scientific methods. On the other hand, the researchers observed that these exercises should be part of the trainer’s approach in order to identify what is new in the physical and skill capabilities. The problem of research lies in how to combine physical and skill exercises through Sakyu training and the lack of modern methods followed by the trainers in the application of training Sakyu and trying to identify the impact of these exercises on physical and skill capabilities. The research aims to :

The research aimed to prepare a proposed educational program for the Keeler strategy using hypermedia to teach the activity of long jump and reveal the effect of the program on cognitive achievement, virtual construction and the level of achievement to perform the performance of long jump for first year school students in the faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science at the University of Kirkuk. The researcher used the-Quasi experimental approach to its suitability for the nature of the research problem and its sample , as it included first-grade students in the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science at the University of Kirkuk for the academic year (2017-2018) whose number (155) students. The sample was chosen randomly, as it reached (40) Students, at a rate of (20) students for each of the two experimental research groups that were taught using the proposed educational program in the Keeler strategy using hypermedia and the control group studied in the usual traditional way. The researcher used the statistical bag spss to process the data obtained.

The research included organizing a physical education lesson in intermediate and preparatory schools in of DhiQar Governorate and whether there is interest in this vital lesson or not and what is its effect on students in terms of psychological, physical and social aspects , and its significance stems from the importance of sport in general in human life, especially in terms of health. The research sample is the students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Science and during the period of their application in schools where they were the best ones to convey to us what is going on inside these schools . The research objective was to identify the reality of physical education lesson in the schools mentioned . The researcher used the descriptive method in the survey method for its suitability in Solving the research problem . The researcher used the questionnaire to collect data and information, analyze it and obtain the result, one of which was lack of interest in this vital and important lesson by the relevant institutions, foremost of which is the Ministry of Education and many school administrations. The researcher recommends providing all material capabilities starting from the rehabilitation of the school yard to all sports equipment and necessary tools .

Multiple and diverse groups in different societies in the countries of the world, especially those countries that are in the role of growth and development, suffer from many health problems that relate to the physical and physiological aspects in particular and other health aspects, as most of these problems result from the private life system that the individual lives in for those societies associated with the level of their general culture and the specific culture associated with the practice, a healthy system provides positive physical and physiological energies that enable the individual to play an effective and influential role in his social and work life. There are many good health requirements, including those related to the physical side, and some that relate to the functional side as well as other psychological and social aspects. The variable of physical strength and its endurance are among the variables that directly affect the visibility of the individual's activity when practicing various activities, since the muscle strength is the ability of the muscle or muscle groups to resist the external force. The research aims to : 1.Identify the effect of special exercises on the degree of blood viscosity and the level of Hgoclopin in the blood

Scientific progress in all areas of life has a clear impact on the development of these fields, and physical education is an integral part of general education as well as affected by this progress, and this has become evident in the field of physical education research, and researchers in the field of motor learning interested in the process of learning and education and sought to Curriculum development and improvement of its teaching methods and methods at different stages of education

1.Disclose the differences in the results between the pre and post tests of the mental abilities of the three research groups.
2.Detect the differences in the results of the posttests of mental abilities between the three research groups.
The two researchers used the experimental approach to designing groups equal for its suitability to the nature of the research problem. The research community was chosen from the young players of the Erbil Sports Club in volleyball for the sports season for the academic year ( 2017-2018 ) whose number is 29 players .
The research sample consisted of (24) players, divided randomly (lots) into three groups equal in number, by (8) players for each group (the visual group, the sensory group, and the audio group). The research sample became a percentage (80%) of the original community, and a questionnaire was prepared and distributed to a number of specialists in the field of (measurement, evaluation, motor learning and volleyball) to determine some mental abilities, as these capabilities were agreed upon at a rate of (75%) or more from their opinions. The researchers concluded that the educational curricula had a significant effect in developing some mental capabilities of volleyball beginners players, as well as the three research groups in some of the distance tests outperformed some of the mental abilities of the volleyball beginners players on pre-tests, as well as the sensory group outperformed the visual and auditory groups in all mental ability tests. In light of these conclusions, the researchers definitely recommended the introduction of Educational curricula and accreditation within the educational units for volleyball beginners players, as well as attention to mental abilities associated with basic skills in volleyball, as well as the need to conduct periodic tests to identify the mental abilities of the volleyball players.

The research aims to determine standard scores and levels for some track and field activities among students of the Faculty of Physical Education - University of Sulaymaniyah. The researcher used the descriptive approach in the survey method for its suitability for the nature of the research, but in relation to the research community and its sample, the sample of the research was chosen in a random way, representing the second stage students in the Physical Education and Basic Sections - College of Physical Education - Sulaymaniyah University for the academic year 2018 - 2019 and they were (51) students and (40) students out of a total of (153), which represents a percentage ( 59,47) of the original community.

The importance of the research lies in preparing exercises using resistors in developing the anaerobic muscle ability and the accuracy index of smash among volleyball players in order to benefit from these exercises from the field of volleyball training and access to the best levels, and to provide this field with a set of scientific solutions to achieve Outstanding athletic achievement

The research problem manifests itself in the degree of achievement of total quality standards and their level at the University of Babylon. The research aimed to identify the level of comprehensive quality standards as well as the differences between the areas of comprehensive quality standards. The descriptive approach was used, and the scale may be of (67) items distributed in (5) fields. After conducting the scientific foundations of the scale, the scale was applied to the research sample, after which the data were emptied and statistically analyzed, the degree of achieving comprehensive quality standards appeared at the intermediate level.

The research aims to:
. Prepare a training program for hall football referees to raise the level of physical fitness.1
2.Identify the effect of the training program on the level of physical fitness performance of the experimental research sample.
The researcher used the experimental approach to suit the nature of the problem. The research community was deliberately determined by the hall football referees (international and first-degree) for the Kurdistan Region of Iraq for the football season 2018/2019 for halls Football, which totalled 24 referees and (20) were chosen by the random and irregular method and they were divided into two groups, one of which is experimental and number (10) and another control, numbering (10) referees, and 4 referees who were surveyed were excluded. As for the means of collecting information and data, personal sources, references and interviews were used to determine the training program's exercises and the duration of the program. The data were processed by adopting the statistical bag (SPSS), and the most important results that the researcher reached are
1.The training program prepared for the experimental group had a positive impact on the development of the fitness and also functional side, for the comprehensiveness of similar exercises to physical fitness tests.
2.The training curriculum that was applied by the control group was not in the required form, as it is not regular and does not depend on the scientific foundations.
The researcher recommended several recommendations, including
1.Generalizing and using the training program prepared by the researcher in building a similar program to develop the physical and functional capabilities of referees.
2.Choosing exercises similar to the type of the activity or similar to the type of physical tests, especially the shuttle exercises to develop speed endurance .

The importance of studying psychological barriers that hinder the player’s performance and adversely affects his achievement by proposing a scale that studies psychological barriers, the scientific study that reflects the psychological reality of players of first-class clubs for some individual sports for the sports coach to benefit from in building the player from all aspects that serve his achievement
The research aims to :
Codify the psychological barriers scale for players of advanced first-class clubs to some individual sports-
. Identify the psychological barriers for players of advanced first-class clubs to some individual sports.-
Find standard scores and levels for the psychological barriers scale for first-class club players applying to some individual games.
As for the research method, the researchers used the descriptive method in the survey method. The research community included advanced first-class clubs for some individual sports, numbered (512) players from the total community of research, which represents (codification sample). After excluding the exploratory questionnaire sample by (24) players, the number of members of the main experiment sample became (450) players, and the scale was applied and the percentage scores were extracted on a sample of (200) players from different and several clubs.

The research aims to build a measure of false perceptions for students of some colleges of physical education and sports science in the (Kurdistan Region - Iraq), and the research community is represented by students of colleges of physical education and sports science represented by (431) students "distributed on (4) colleges of physical education in some universities Kurdistan Region - Iraq and they (Salahuddin - Soran - Koya – Sulaymaniyah))
The construction sample was chosen in an deliberate way and consisted of (230) students from the total community for research, i.e. (60.32%) of the total community for research.
Through the researchers ’acquaintance with Arab and foreign sources, research, and scientific studies within the limits of their knowledge, it became clear that there is no measurement of the wrong perceptions of students and their ideas about the importance of physical education with its practical and theoretical subjects in general, and the student’s psychological trends in their field of specialization in particular Therefore, the researchers decided to construct a measure of the student’s false perceptions so that specialists can use it to measure this concept among students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Science. The researchers used the scientific procedures used to build the scale and also used a number of statistical methods to address the results obtained, such as (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, t-test, correlation coefficient – Pearson)

In the introduction, the researcher emphasized sports activities, including handball game, where The 7-meter Throw depends on an essential and important base that makes its workers need to be trained and how to perform that throw and give it a large share in educational and training programs
The researcher used the experimental approach due to its suitability for to the nature of the research on a randomly chosen sample .After excluding students from the College of Physical Education and Sports Science and then dividing the sample into two control and experimental groups.
The research aims to:
1.Prepare a program for mental training in learning the 7-meter throw in handball among students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science - the fourth stage of Al-Mustansiriya University
Identify the effect of mental training on the 7-meter throw skill in handball.

The importance of the physical education lesson and its role in building society was already studied. The research problem lies in the lack of studies that show the degrees and standard levels among teachers ’performance of the sport education lesson from the viewpoint of the educational supervisor in the directorates of Baghdad education according to the researcher’s knowledge as well as to be a scientific guide to the level of performance of a lesson Sports education for teachers like the rest of the world .The research aims to find standard levels. The research sample was randomly chosen, and the total research sample reached (90) teachers for Baghdad karkh education . The researcher concluded the standard degrees and levels. The researcher recommended adopting the degrees and standard levels that the researcher reached in evaluating teachers and generalized them .

The research aims to identify the effect of speed prolongation training exercises on the development of some functional variables, anaerobic capabilities and offensive skills among players of the College of Physical Education and Sports Science basketball team, as well as to identify the differences between the pre and post tests of the experimental and control groups in the development of some functional variables and anaerobic capabilities and offensive skills among players of the team of the College of Physical Education and Sports Science in basketball, and to identify the differences between the posttests of the experimental and control groups in the development of some functional variables and anaerobic capabilities and offensive skill among the players of the team of the College of Physical Education and Sports Science in basketball. The research sample consisted of players of the team of the College of Physical Education and Sports Science at the University of Salah al-Din / Erbil in basketball, and the number (26) players were randomly chosen and divided into two groups, one is experimental and the other is control by the lot method , and each group includes (13) players, then the two experimental experiments were conducted, and the main experiment represented by pretests of the variables under study, then the training curriculum for speed prolongation was applied for a period of (10) weeks and at the rate of (3) training units per week for (90) minutes. The researcher used the experimental method because it is more appropriate to the nature of the research problem to be solved. The researcher used the Statistical Package System (SPSS) to extract accurate data and obtain results through the statistical applications provided by this statistical system and summarized as follows: Arithmetic mean, standard deviation, calculated value (t), probability value (with two probabilities), level of statistical significance, Statistical significance level (0.05) ≥ 0, Pearson correlation coefficient.

The topic of happiness is one of the topics of positive psychology that has not been researched and studied like other variables. Specialists have paid attention to unsatisfactory pathological aspects such as mental illnesses and deviations at the expense of positive aspects of personality such as optimism, hope, happiness and satisfaction with life, as well as the relationship of man with others and the environment in which one lives such as adaptation and solution to conflicts and social support.
The search for happiness in this age is important to help the individual to face the challenges of the age and the pressure it causes on the human being in all stages of his life, thus achieving compatibility and mental health. The search for happiness is a goal that accompanies every human being, and therefore achieving his goals entails his mental happiness in order to achieve success in various areas of his life, which results in his happiness, especially if he is displaced.
The research aims to identify the degree of happiness among the displaced students in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. In order to achieve this, the researchers designed a measure of happiness in the lesson of physical education. The researchers used the descriptive analytical approach, and the research sample included a number of intermediate school students who are (200) students and distributed on (7) Schools, the data were statistically treated by the mean, standard deviation, percentage, test (T) for two independent samples, Pearson's simple correlation coefficient