Journal of Al Imam Al-Adham University College

This study highlights examples from the sayings of the Prophet Muhammad (peace
be upon him) that indicate the importance of loving and preserving one’s homeland.
The research aims to explore the Shariah objectives embedded in these prophetic traditions.
The structure of the study is divided into an introduction, a preface, and two main
sections:
1. Preface: Provides definitions of the key terms in the study’s title.
2. First Section: Discusses how the Prophetic Sunnah aligns with the Quran in
emphasizing love for one’s homeland.
3. Second Section: Presents practical examples demonstrating the objectives of the
Prophetic Sunnah regarding love for and protection of the homeland.

The Prophetic Sunnah is the second primary source of Islamic legislation. It serves
as a reference for jurists to derive rulings and for educators and preachers to extract
valuable ethical and educational insights. For the Sunnah to fulfill these functions, it
must be understood accurately in light of linguistic meanings, the context of its narrations,
and the purposes and objectives behind it.
Ijtihad (independent reasoning) occupies the highest scholarly rank after Prophethood
and Messengership. It ensures the continuity and adaptability of Shariah, as the
finite nature of texts cannot encompass all contemporary issues and unprecedented
occurrences without the role of ijtihad.
This study emphasizes the importance of examining the role of ijtihad in the Prophetic
Sunnah, highlighting it as a methodology that should guide the reasoning of
jurists and muftis to achieve the overarching goals of Shariah in realizing both individual
and collective benefits.
Key Findings and Recommendations:
1. Practical Application of Quranic Teachings: The Prophet Muhammad (peace be
upon him) transformed the Quranic call to reflection and contemplation into a practical
reality through ijtihad in addressing events during his lifetime.
2. Essential Role of Ijtihad: Ijtihad is indispensable and cannot be substituted by
literal adherence to texts alone. It is necessary to employ intellect and reasoning to
address new developments, as exemplified by the Prophet’s own practice in both religious
and worldly matters.
3. Purpose-Driven Prophetic Ijtihad: The Prophet’s ijtihad was distinguished by its
alignment with the objectives of Shariah, making it a defining feature of his legislative
efforts and a guiding principle for Islamic jurisprudence as a whole.
4. The Prophetic Methodology as a Comprehensive Framework: The Prophetic
approach extends beyond moral guidance to encompass legislative, intellectual, meth
odological, and behavioral dimensions. It aims to construct a civilizational model that
integrates religious and worldly concerns while being mindful of temporal and spatial
contexts.
5. Renewal Through Maqasid: The contemporary Muslim community urgently
needs to adopt a purpose-oriented (maqasid-based) approach in jurisprudence. This
ensures the flexibility of Islamic legal rulings in addressing modern challenges and
enhances the relevance and influence of Islamic law in society.

The Prophetic Sunnah as a Source of Islamic Legislation: The Role of Artificial
Intelligence in the Preservation and Classification of Prophetic Hadiths – A Comparative
Study Between Traditional and Modern Methods. The Prophetic Sunnah is one
of the primary sources of Islamic legislation after the Qur’an, making the preservation
and classification of hadiths a vital aspect of Islamic sciences. With the advancement
of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, new opportunities have emerged to enhance
the accuracy and efficiency of preserving and classifying hadiths, thereby providing
them more effectively to both researchers and the general public. This study
highlights the differences between traditional and modern methods in this field and examines
the role of AI in developing these processes. Despite the significant progress
made by AI technologies, questions remain about their effectiveness in preserving and
classifying hadiths compared to traditional methods. The key issue lies in evaluating
AI’s ability to overcome the challenges faced by scholars in classifying hadiths, such
as verifying the chain of transmission (isnad) and the text (matn) while maintaining
the authenticity and integrity of the hadith as narrated by the Prophet Muhammad
(peace be upon him). The study also addresses the impact of these technologies on
the reliability of results and accessibility. The objectives of this study are as follows:
1. To analyze the impact of AI technologies on the preservation and classification of
Prophetic hadiths. 2. To compare the effectiveness and accuracy of traditional methods
with AI-based modern techniques. 3. To explore the challenges and advantages
associated with using AI in this domain. The study employs a comparative methodology
that combines quantitative and qualitative analysis to provide comprehensive
insights into the subject.

Abstract Sayyid Ahmad Khan is considered the first to attack the noble Prophetic
Sunnah in the Indian subcontinent, with the idea that it is possible to rely solely on the
Qur’an for the legislative and judicial matters necessary for a Muslim’s religion and
worldly affairs. In this way, Sayyid Ahmad Khan is regarded as the actual and true
founder of what later came to be known as the Quranists, who hold the same belief.
This research aims to shed light on this man, clarify his important ideas and opinions,
and address the doubts he raised regarding the Prophetic Sunnah, refuting each doubt,
with Allah’s help.

Textual criticism has been based on several criteria known to researchers, which
are controls by which the texts of narrations are weighed to test them and ensure their
authenticity, and they are freed from conflict with what is more likely than them.
It is known today that there is a division among scholars regarding some texts in
the books of narration. One group affirms the authenticity of the narration if its transmission
is correct, and it is believed that it must be acted upon without considering
the criteria for criticizing the text. Another group opposes this and believes that it is
necessary to apply the criteria for criticizing the text in the narrations to ensure their
authenticity and free from contradiction. In this research, the issue of criticizing the
text among the modern scholars will be examined, and to what extent the criteria for
criticizing the text have been applied and practically implemented throughout the historical
stages among the early and late scholars, and then compared with the problems
of contemporary scholars of jurisprudence and hadith who have raised problems with
some texts in the books of narration.
All of this comes to confirm the extent to which critics have dealt with problematic
narrations, and have all the criteria for criticizing the text been met in the books of
narration among the early scholars? or is there a need to consider some problematic
texts that the early scholars did not discuss? , which are the subject of controversy
among scholars at this time? Keywords: Criteria - Criticism - Text - Early scholars -
Late scholars.

The honorable Sunnah of the Prophet has undertaken to clarify all the principles,
foundations and manners needed to achieve a happy life with regard to individuals and
societies, but benefiting from these principles and foundations can only be achieved
through a sound and moderate understanding of the texts of the Sunnah. Misunderstanding
leads to deviation and distance from the tolerance that Islam brought, so it
was important to establish rules and laws that guarantee the correctness and soundness
of understanding the prophetic texts, and achieve the intent of the Prophet, may God
bless him and grant him peace, from his words and actions, and block the path of those
who wanted to distort the texts from their meanings, and take them out of their purposes
and aims. Therefore, this research came to shed light on these rules and principles
that the observer of the prophetic texts and the one who strives to understand them
should take into account and fold under their roof to protect his understanding from
deviation. These rules and principles include major rules such as understanding the
prophetic text in light of the objectives of the Sharia and in light of other texts, and
taking into account the reason for the occurrence of the hadith..., and minor rules that
are concerned with clarifying the general controls mentioned by the diligent scholars
of the past during Their explanations of the hadith and these controls are general
meanings from which all hadiths of one type or chapter are derived, so that the contemporary
mujtahid does not deviate from these meanings while looking at the hadiths
of the chapter, and they are with respect to the major rules as the jurisprudential rules
are with respect to the principles of jurisprudence.

Does this research address an important issue and have a significant impact on the
control of due diligence of fundamentalist legislation derived from the year? These
discretionary purposes and legislative provisions are directly related to the Sunnah
of the Prophet, It aims to achieve the desired interests by extrapolating and deducing
those great purposes. It is one of the most important issues in relation to the subject
of the purposes of the Shariah in terms of rooting the rule and linking it to the fundamentalist
purpose.
The content of the research revolves around how to properly employ the jurisprudence
of the purposes through the Sunnah of the Prophet cleansed in the light of the
fundamentalist provisions, whose authenticity was agreed upon by the fundamentalists.
It is not in the deductive and discretionary practices of some sources without some,
but it is more precise where it occurs with regard to the second source of legislation
without isolating it from the main source, which is ahead of it in terms of numerical
order without intent; Because the Sunnah of the Prophet is complementary and affirming
to the Holy Book, and even the institution of some purposes, which have continued
efforts to clarify them clearly and in detail. With a note that the intentions as they are
rooted in the book has been rooted in the year, and refers to the diligent and the jurist
to avoid the risks that can occur diligence The Original Provisions.

Abstract:
Praise be to Allah alone, and prayers and peace be upon the one after whom there
is no prophet.
This topic is one of the important and delicate topics, and it is a slippery slope, so
the one who approaches it should be careful in dealing with the prophetic hadith in
wording, jurisprudence, and application.
Here I will mention a summary of what this brief research included in its great
pages in its structures and meanings.
I began with a definition of the vocabulary of its title, then I proceeded in general
to establish the relationship between the science of objectives and the types of Sunnah,
which exceeded one hundred types, then I mentioned the connection of the legal
objectives to the legislative Sunnah and its types from the aspect of the chapters and
from the aspect of the assignment, and I addressed the topic with clarification and
definition and mentioned examples supporting what I mentioned, then I proceeded to
talk about a type of the science of hadith, which is the jurisprudence of the Sunnah,
with a definition and clarification, and I mentioned the connection between it and the
science of objectives, and the effect of the science of objectives on the jurisprudence
of hadith and vice versa, and I classified the hadiths in terms of the validity of applying
the objectives in them or not, then I proceeded after that to establish important
rules for the observer of the legal objectives through the jurisprudence of the Prophetic
Sunnah.
Then I present the problem of hadith and its differences in terms of definition and
differentiation, and the connection of these types of hadith to the science of the objectives
of Islamic law, and with this I concluded the first section that I held for the scientific
foundation between the two great sciences. Then I started the second section with
an introduction in which I mentioned the actions of the mujtahids in consideration of
the relationship between the Sunnah and the objectives, and exaggeration in it, and I
began by mentioning the consideration of the Prophetic Sunnah for the objectives of
Islamic law in time, place, custom and condition, then I mentioned a number of applications
that are on those who deny the Prophetic Sunnah on the claim that it does not
achieve the objectives of Islamic law, and I concluded by mentioning the three steps
for implementing the events and innovations, then I followed them with the effects
resulting from implementing the objectives of Islamic law of the Prophetic Sunnah on
the developments and events of the era, then I concluded with a conclusion in which I
mentioned the most important results of this study and mentioned the most important
recommendations. I ask Allah to make this work blessed and to benefit Islam and
Muslims from it.

The Sharia is based on two great principles that cannot be abandoned or separated:
the Qur’an and the Sunnah. The Qur’an is the origin of the religion, and the Sunnah
is its second origin. Its status with respect to the Qur’an is that it explains it, or is independent
in legislation. Were it not for the Sunnah, much of the Qur’an would have
been difficult for the Ummah to understand and contemplate. Therefore, the scholars
of the Ummah agreed on its authority, and that whenever it is proven, it is legislation
and guidance, and must be followed without a doubt. They also took care to convey
it with care that was not known in any other nation, without addition, fabrication, distortion
or alteration, until the nation was afflicted with those who tried to cast doubt
on its authority, relying on a number of weak doubts.
This intervention aims to highlight the efforts of the hadith scholars in confronting
the historical doubts raised about the source of the Sunnah, and to reveal their
flaws and lack of the accepted scientific controls. It also tried to answer fundamental
questions, including: Did these doubts gain strength and withstand the efforts of the
eminent imams, the possessors of intellects and understanding? While strengthening
the answer with practical models and good examples, limiting myself to everything
useful from our unique heritage.
Adopting the descriptive and inductive approaches in accordance with the requirements
of the situation, to conclude that the Sunnah is the spirit of the Glorious Qur’an,
and the keys to understanding it and acting upon it. It is a great foundation of the
religion, indeed it is half of faith. Restricting oneself to the Glorious Qur’an alone is
the opinion of people who have no morals, who are outside the Sunnah, and who have
been separated from the community. To achieve these objectives, this intervention
was submitted, hoping that God will grant it success.

The Sunnah (Prophet Muhammad›s sayings and actions) is the Islamic constitution
and the guidance of the noble Prophet, peace be upon him. Those who adhere to the
Sunnah will never go astray. Ahl as-Sunnah (People of the Sunnah) are the bearers of
the message and its conveyors after the Prophet, peace be upon him. They are named
as such because they conform to the Quran and the authentic traditions in their actions
and words.
This paper aims to explore the role of the Sunnah in establishing the objectives of
Islamic creed. The research addresses the significance of the Sunnah as a source for
Islamic beliefs and the methodology for deriving Islamic doctrine principles . The
study employs a descriptive-analytical approach, discussing the authenticity of the
Sunnah as a religious source and examining the positions of various Islamic schools of
thought regarding the status of Aahad hadiths (isolated hadith) as a source for Islamic
Aqidah.
The paper concludes that understanding the Islamic creed facilitates the comprehension
of many of the Shari›ah rulings that govern life. It recommends that academic
and educational institutions organize conferences on the objectives of the Sunnah in
establishing the sciences, particularly the empirical ones objectives of Islamic Creed
key words Creed The Authority of the Sunna.

The study critiques the methodology of absolute rejection and radical skepticism
adopted by some researchers toward Islamic heritage, arguing that it lacks scientific
foundations. The study highlights that this approach is based on unsubstantiated
assumptions, such as the existence of a “grand conspiracy” among hadith scholars
across generations—a weak claim that reflects flaws in the critical theory rather than
in the criticized material. Furthermore, the text opposes a wishful reading of history
that disregards scientific research standards and excessive reliance on the political
interpretation of history, which is often characterized by inappropriate projections and
biases.
The introduction of the theory of “religious imaginary” into the study of the Prophetic
Sunnah overlooks the rigorous methodologies of hadith scholars, which combined
oral transmission with written documentation and preserved material evidence
such as inscriptions and papyri. This oversight reveals either ignorance of scientific
methodologies or ideological bias. The study proposes removing the theory from
its ideological framework and redirecting it toward scientifically verifiable domains,
emphasizing the authenticity of transmission over the acceptability of reason. It also
advocates enabling hadith scholars to analyze texts critically and render balanced
judgments whether acceptance, rejection, or nuanced evaluation.

This research seeks to explore the relationship between intellectual independence
and collective reasoning in the context of juristic ijtihad, based on the principles of
the Prophetic Sunnah. Its aim is to provide an analysis that sheds light on how the
Sunnah guides ijtihad and the mechanisms for achieving a balance between individual
and collective ijtihad.
The study is structured into an introduction, a preamble, three main sections, a
conclusion, and a bibliography of sources and references. It follows an incomplete
inductive methodology alongside a descriptive-analytical approach.
Key Findings:
1. The Prophetic Sunnah contains numerous hadiths that regulate the process of
both individual and collective ijtihad, ensuring a balance between intellectual independence
and collective reasoning.
2. Intellectual independence enhances the ability to derive new rulings, while collective
reasoning provides a network of support and guidance that ensures the soundness
of legal opinions.
3. Striking a balance between intellectual independence and collective reasoning is
essential for achieving a dynamic and evolving jurisprudence that addresses contemporary
developments and challenges.
Recommendations:
1. Recognizing intellectual independence and collective reasoning as essential tools
for understanding the Prophetic Sunnah and for engaging in Islamic jurisprudence.
2. Supporting methodologies that encourage critical thinking and fostering constructive
dialogue among scholars of various schools, thereby strengthening unity and
cohesion.
3. Leveraging insights from diverse human sciences to serve the Prophetic Sunnah,
moving beyond apprehension of certain terms to their effective application.

Since the Sunnah is the second source of legislation and the revelation accomclarified
the صلى الله عليه وسلم panying the descent of the Qur’an, through it the beloved Prophet
generalities of the Qur’an, specified its general rulings, restricted its specific ones, and
explained its ambiguities. Hence, the question arises about its role in the objectives of
legislation, considering it the second source for it.
This study employed a descriptive-analytical method, first by describing the texts
that support the objectives, and then analyzing them. This was done by presenting the
evidence from the Sunnah and analyzing it.
The first section of the research (an introduction to the legal objectives, their importance,
and divisions) contains three topics: the first discusses the definition of
the science of legal objectives, the second focuses on its importance, and the third
addresses its divisions in terms of public benefit. The second section covers (the
prophetic texts indicating the basis of the science of legal objectives derived from the
Sunnah) in three topics: the first discusses the essential objectives, the second focuses
on the complementary objectives, and the third explores the aesthetic objectives,
followed by the conclusion.
One of the most important findings of the study is the concept of legal objectives,
their importance, their divisions, and the role of the Sunnah in achieving the goals of
Islamic law.

This research relied on the inductive, descriptive, and deductive methods. ln it,
l traced the methodology of lmam lbn Al- Qayyim and his scientific principles in
dealing With the evidence of the prophetic Sunnah, examining it, explaining its jurisprudence,
goals, and applications. This was presented through two main sections. The
research concluded that the prophetic Sunnah and its evidence are a source of legislation,
preserved by Allah through men who exerted efforts in collecting, authenticating,
purifying, and preserving its chains of narration, and explaining its jurisprudence,
among them the esteemed scholar lmam shamsuddin lbn Al- Al-Qayyim Al- Hawziyyah,
may Allah have mercy on him.
Then, I concluded with a conclusion that includes the most important findings and
recommendations.

Imam al-Bukhari, may Allah have mercy on him, held a distinguished position in
the science of Hadith, both in its narration and understanding. The Muslim community
for its authenticity and accuracy, receiving widespread acceptance and trust, esteems
his compilation, Al-Jami’ al-Sahih, While “Al-Jami’ al-Sahih” is among his most
renowned works, attracting extensive studies and commentaries that delve into his
chapter headings, choices, and methodologies, it is also imperative to explore other
aspects of Imam al-Bukhari’s contributions. This includes examining his efforts in
defending the sanctity of the Prophetic traditions through critical analysis of chains of
transmission (isnads) and textual scrutiny. Such explorations serve to further support,
reinforce the significance of “Sahih al-Bukhari”, and underscore Imam al-Bukhari’s
esteemed status in Hadith sciences.
Among the lesser-studied works that highlight al-Bukhari’s critical acumen, particularly
in the intricate field of Hadith defects (‘Ilal), is his book “Al-Du’afa’ al-
Saghir” (“ The Minor Collection of Weak Narrators”) . Although this book falls under
the genre of narrator evaluation (al-Jarh wa al-Ta’dil), it contains precise observations
and unique insights into the subtleties of Hadith defects. Al-Bukhari interspersed these
observations within the biographies of weak narrators, addressing issues related to
textual discrepancies, such as solitary narrations, narrators contradicting others in their
transmissions, narrating by meaning, interpolations, inversions of texts, and instances
where a companion’s practice diverged from their narration. He also tackled issues
concerning isnads, including errors in narrators’ names, omissions, continuity and discontinuity,
as well as problems of mispronunciations and distortions.

Defending the authority of the Prophetic Sunnah represents a cornerstone in preserving
the Islamic creed and safeguarding its identity. As the second source of Islamic
legislation, the Sunnah complements the Qur’an in constructing a framework
of beliefs and rulings. Thus, studying and refuting the doubts raised against it is not
merely a religious duty but also an intellectual necessity aimed at strengthening the
foundations of faith and protecting it from distortions. Moreover, a correct understanding
of the Prophetic Sunnah contributes to building a balanced Muslim personality,
equipping individuals for constructive dialogue with others, and defending the
values of their religion in the face of extremist currents and deviant ideas.
This study aims to inventory the historical doubts concerning the authority of the
Prophetic Sunnah and provide scholarly responses to them. The research is expected
to consist of an introduction, a preface, four chapters, and a conclusion.
- The preface: Defines the concept of doubt.
- Chapter One: Discusses the alleged contradiction between the Sunnah and reason.
- Chapter Two: Responds to the doubt regarding the authority of solitary reports.
- Chapter Three: Addresses the argument against the documentation of the Sunnah.
- Chapter Four: Counters the claim that the Sunnah is not divinely inspired.
To achieve the desired benefits, the research will employ the inductive method to
track the most prominent doubts in this context, the descriptive method to clearly outline
these doubts, and the critical method to provide responses to the raised arguments.
The research is expected to reach several conclusions, including:
- Presenting strong evidence for the authority of the Prophetic Sunnah helps
strengthen Muslims’ faith in the fundamentals of their religion and protects them
against doubts.
- Identifying the main doubts facing the Prophetic Sunnah through an in-depth

This research addresses the methodology of Sabr (examination) employed by Hadith
scholars and its impact on understanding the Prophetic Hadith and resolving apparent
issues related to it. It clarifies the concept of Sabr as understood by Hadith
scholars, highlighting it as a process involving the scrutiny of Hadith chains, compiling
their narrations and supporting evidence. The study emphasizes its significance
in uncovering hidden defects in Hadiths, showcasing their benefits, and forming a
comprehensive understanding of them to grasp their purposes and objectives, while
addressing any alleged issues.
The research provides a practical example through the Hadith on the stages of
embryonic development, examining the misunderstandings surrounding it and the objections
raised against it. Utilizing the tool of Sabr, the study elucidates the Hadith’s
meaning, refutes the objections, and corrects misconceptions. The research concludes
that the methodology of Sabr is a fundamental pillar in understanding Prophetic Hadiths,
resolving perceived contradictions, and dispelling any doubts raised about them.
It recommends that Islamic educational institutions establish a specialized academic
course, both theoretical and practical, on the methodology of Sabr among Hadith
scholars. The aim is to train students in mastering this skill for understanding Hadith
and responding to objections, thereby enhancing the status of the Prophetic Sunnah as
the second source of Islamic legislation.

This study examines Imam Malik’s approach to citing athar (sayings or actions attributed
to the Companions) in his book Al-Muwatta, aiming to address the following
question: How did Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, utilize the athar of
the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, to understand, clarify, and direct
the meanings of marfu’ (Prophetic) hadiths?
The importance of this research lies in its focus on elucidating one of the methodologies
employed in understanding the Prophetic Sunnah by one of the prominent scholars
and jurists in both fiqh and hadith, Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him.
Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to demonstrate the benefit of the
had- صلى الله عليه وسلم Companions’ athar in explaining and directing the meanings of the Prophet’s
iths, supported by examples and cases from Imam Malik’s Al-Muwatta.
The study concludes that Imam Malik’s main purpose in citing the athar of the
Companions was to use them as a means of better understanding the Sunnah of the
صلى الله عليه وسلم Prophe

The research titled (Reading the Prophetic Sunnah in Contemporary Critical
Thought) headed towards extrapolating hidden contemporary thought (secular and rational)
in reading the Prophetic Sunnah, both of which are an extension of Orientalist
thought, represented by Muslim thinkers who embody the greatest danger to Islamic
society.
The importance of research was summarized in the transcendence of the voices of
contemporaries (secularists and rationalists), and daring them to appeal the Sunnah of
the Prophet, and its books, its imams, and its narrators, so it was necessary to confront
this campaign. And clarify the falsehood of new titles in such as: secular, scientific
research, contemporary, objective, rational, and others. Then confront the difference
of intellectual deviation.
The research aims to explain the truth of contemporary ideas affiliated with Islam
by presenting their most important opinions. He repelled the hurricanes of the suspicions
that blow in the face of the Sunnah and the determination of its argument, and
to enlighten the way for those affected by the suspicions of enemies and reveal their
modern methods.
The research requested a critical, critical approach, as I monitored the statements of
a group of contemporary Muslim thinkers who slipped in distorting the image of the
Prophet’s Sunnah.

It is clear to every Muslim the importance of the Sunnah, as it, along with the
Qur’an, constitutes the primary and most important source of legislation for rulings.
This highlights the care of the early generations (Salaf) for the Sunnah, both in narrating
and understanding it, reflecting its high status and elevated position. Despite
its paramount significance, the Sunnah has been subjected to waves of doubt and the
spreading of misconceptions about it, as was the case with some of the Muʿtazila and
people of desires in the past, or as some Orientalists, secularists, and modernists have
done in our time. Our scholars faced these doubts and refuted them in the past through
many diverse efforts, and continue to do so in our time; a group of scholars stand
against the doubts of the skeptics, deeply studying and clarifying them, to expose
the errors of those who claim them and their ignorance. One of the most important
scholars who addressed these doubts and refuted them, clarifying the mistakes and deception
within them, is Sheikh Muhammad Abu Shahba. His methodology was characterized
by strength, composure, and persuasion, as he would address the ideas of
critics and skeptics and then respond to them. This study aims to highlight Sheikh Abu
Shahba’s methodology in confronting false claims and refuting doubts. The research
includes an introduction and a preamble that contains three main points: the first
explains the terms in the title, the second addresses the importance and status of the
Sunnah, the third reviews the efforts of past scholars in responding to misconceptions
about the Sunnah, and the fourth introduces Sheikh Muhammad Abu Shahba. Following
this, the study explores the Sheikh’s methodology through several sections: in the
first section, the Sheikh combines both general and detailed critique, preceded by an
introduction before responding to the doubt; in the second section, his knowledge of
the origin of the doubt by tracing it back to its original proponent and its roots; in the
third section, Sheikh Abu Shahba relies on authentic hadiths, historical reports, and
solid sources in his scholarly responses; in the fourth section, he reveals the ignorance
of those who criticize and doubt the Sunnah, highlighting their lack of knowledge;
in the fifth section, he uses Arabic poetry and proverbs to respond. Finally, the study
concludes with the key findings.

The article illustrates the close relationship between the sciences of Usul al-Fiqh
(Principles of Islamic Jurisprudence) and Fiqh al-Hadith (Jurisprudence of Hadith)
through a study of examples of foundational principles related to the jurisprudence
of balancing benefits (masalih) and harms (mafasid). These principles were derived
by scholars from various prophetic sayings (ahadith). Through an analytical study of
these examples, the article aims to emphasize the importance of understanding prophetic
texts within the framework of Shari›ah objectives (maqasid al-shari›ah) and
avoiding a literal interpretation of some hadiths or exaggerating the use of necessities
(darurah) to justify the permissibility of forbidden act. In conclusion, the researcher
stresses the need to give more attention to the integration of Fiqh al-Hadith and Usul
al-Fiqh. The study of the examples revealed that scholars have differing views when
it comes to prioritizing benefits over harms and vice versa.

Allah revealed His Holy Book in clear Arabic, then sent His trustworthy Messenger
(peace and blessings be upon him) with his Sunnah as guidance and clarification
for all mankind. His (peace and blessings be upon him) communication with his
people was in accordance with their innate language and various dialects, so everyone
understood him without difficulty or constraint. Then, as generations and years
passed, problems arose in understanding and applying the Prophetic Sunnah, both in
transmission (Riwayah) and comprehension (Dirayah). Opinions diverged between
those who were strict in their understanding and those who attacked and diluted the
rulings of the Sunnah, such as modernists and the like. Between these two extremes,
a moderate view emerged, relying on established scholarly principles and rules in understanding
the Prophetic Sunnah, in order to protect it from falling into excessive or
lax interpretations.
The aim of this study is to identify some of the scholarly principles used in understanding
the Prophetic Hadith, and to highlight the moderate approach of scholars in
dealing with the Sunnah, compared to the intellectual deviations of those who attack
or are overly strict in their interpretation of the Sunnah.

This research deals with the role of the media and modern communication technology
in distorting and raising malicious suspicions about the Sunnah of the Prophet,
and how these means are exploited to distort and deny the Sunnah in particular, and
distort Islam in general. The research then presents the best way through which these
suspicions are confronted and refuted, following up on modern media and contemporary
technology in general, and explaining their impact on the lives of contemporary
peoples and countries.

There are many attacks directed at the Prophet’s Sunnah, including those related to
its preservation and the methods of its codification. As the enlighteners and modernists
claim, it is not a revelation, and therefore they deal with this Sunnah as a general
heritage that does not carry special sanctity, and has no authority in legislation and
reasoning. Rather, they see that Most of the crises of Muslims comes from this Sunnah,
which those who believe in it try to apply to reality literally and without works
of reason and diligence.
The study is concerned with tracking these appeals, criticizing them with an analytical
approach, and explaining the motives behind their critical endeavors. At the same
time, this study attempts to examine some of the approved responses whose authors
try to adopt sound and correct methods of response in dealing with the Sunnah of the
Prophet, not as a general heritage as the enlighteners and modernists did, but rather as
the second reference for the Muslim after the Holy Qur’an. However, there is what is
rejected as a statement. By the Chosen One, peace and blessings of God be upon him,
but rather from the error of the narrations.

This research addresses an important issue in the system of reasoning, so that it
outlines a methodology for the paths of restricting reasoning by the Sunnah; to protect
it from the chaos of reasoning at the level of authentication and connection.
This research came to contain between its covers a group of authentic determinants
that restrict reasoning by the Sunnah; so that we transferred the subject from the scope
of partial consideration to the scope of comprehensive framing, so that these determinants
represent general controls through which partial texts are judged.
This research achieved its goals, foundational and corrective, and manifested in
original, incidental, circumstantial, permanent, and conditions-related restrictions, persons,
time, place, general and specific
We achieved the objectives of the research through the following axes:
Part One: Foundational Restriction Determinants
Part Two: Circumstantial Restriction Determinants
Part Three: Descriptive Restriction Determinants

Interest in the Prophetic Sunnah is not a modern phenomenon; it dates back to the
time of the Companions of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and their
successors. The Companions displayed great diligence in verifying narrations, employing
measures such as questioning, requiring oaths, or demanding witnesses. This
study examines an example involving Umar ibn al-Khattab and Abu Musa al-Ash’ari,
showcasing the Companions’ meticulousness in safeguarding the authenticity of the
Sunnah. It argues against claims that the documentation and critique of the Sunnah
occurred belatedly, providing evidence of early critical practices.
Objectives of the Study:
1. To highlight the Companions’ role in verifying Prophetic narrations.
2. To counter modern criticisms of the authenticity and preservation of the Sunnah,
particularly by Quranists and modernist thinkers.
3. To affirm the enduring value of the Sunnah as a source of Islamic guidance.
Key Example:
The study delves into the incident where Umar ibn al-Khattab questioned Abu
Musa al-Ash’ari upon hearing a hadith he did not personally know. Umar demanded
evidence, prompting Abu Musa to seek corroboration from Ubayy ibn Ka’b. Upon
verification, Umar acknowledged the narration, emphasizing the importance of accuracy
and caution, even among truthful and upright Companions.
Structure of the Study:
1. Introduction:
o The historical significance of verifying narrations.
o An overview of criticisms against the Sunnah and their contemporary resurgence.
2. First Chapter: The Methodology of the Companions in Verification:
o Practices such as questioning, requiring witnesses, and corroboration.
o The example of Umar and Abu Musa as a model of early scrutiny.
3. Second Chapter: Refuting Claims of Delayed Critique and Documentation:
o Evidence of early critical practices by the Companions.
o The role of the Companions in laying the groundwork for hadith sciences.
4. Third Chapter: The Relevance of the Companions’ Approach in Modern Times:
o Addressing contemporary doubts raised by Quranists and modernists.
o Affirming the authenticity and preservation of the Sunnah.
5. Conclusion:
o Summary of findings.
o Recommendations for using the Companions’ methodology to respond to modern
challenges.
Key Findings:
· The Companions’ rigorous approach to verifying narrations underscores their
commitment to preserving the Sunnah.
· Critiques of the Sunnah as a late development are unfounded, as the verification
process began with the first generation of Muslims.
· The example of Umar ibn al-Khattab highlights the balance between trust and
accountability, even among individuals known for their integrity.

The Authority of the Prophetic Sunnah is a well-established and undisputed matter
in Islamic history and among Islamic sects. One of the significant topics related to
the Sunnah is the issue of “The Autonomy of the Prophetic Sunnah in Legislation,”
which holds great importance in Islamic studies, particularly in the fields of Usul al-
Fiqh (principles of jurisprudence) and legal reasoning. Modernists often cite Imam
Al-Shatibi to support their claims, asserting that he differed from the majority of
scholars regarding the independence of the Sunnah in legislation.
This study examines the relationship between the Sunnah and the Qur’an and its
role in Islamic legislation, focusing on the contribution of the Sunnah in establishing
rulings not explicitly mentioned in the Qur’an. It compares the perspectives of Imam
Al-Shafi’i, the foundational figure of Usul al-Fiqh, and Imam Al-Shatibi, a reformer
in this discipline.
The research is structured into an introduction and two main sections. The introduction
discusses the importance of the Prophetic Sunnah and its authority as a legislative
source alongside the Qur’an, emphasizing its role in interpreting and clarifying
Qur’anic rulings. The first section explores the foundational principles of the Sunnah
as established by Al-Shafi’i and reformed by Al-Shatibi. The second and final section
addresses the claims of contemporary modernists, presenting the preferred opinion on
the matter based on textual and rational evidence.
The study concludes by affirming that the Sunnah is an independent and complementary
legislative source to the Qur’an and cannot be separated from the legislative
process in Islam. It highlights that the Sunnah clarifies and explains the Qur’an while
also introducing new rulings consistent with Islamic law.

تناولت هذه الورقة البحثية تسليط الضوء على موقف الحداثيين المغاربة ك �أركون والجابري
والشرفي من السنة النبوية المطهّّرة، من خلال عرض بعض المضامين الفكرية المتعلقة بالسنة
النبوية كتدوين السنة وموثوقيّّتها، وشروط الحديث الصحيح، ومنهج النقد عند المحدثين
...وغيرها من الأأفكار، التي بثّّها هؤلاء في مؤلفاتِِهم الكثيرة، �أو ض نَمَّوها مشاريعََهم الفكرية
النهضوية، وقراءاتِِهم الحداثية المعاصرة؛ ثم مُُقارََبََتِِها ومُُقابََلتِِها بالأأطروحات الاستشراقية
المدوّّنة التي تناولت مثل تلك الآآراء والأأفكار المتعلقة بالسنة النبوية.
وقد خلُُص البحث بعد الاستقراء والتحليل والنقد والمقارنة �إلى مدى التّّطابق الكبير، والت �أثر
البيّّن من هؤلاء الحداثيين المغاربة مع مََن سبِِقهم من المستشرقين، سواء من حيثُُ المناهجُُ
البحثيّّةُُ المُُطبّّقة في القراءة التجديدية للنّّص النبوي، و�آليات التعامل مع المدونات الحديثية
الكبرى باعتبارها تراثا للأأمّّة، �أو من حيثُُ المواقفُُ والآآراءُُ والأأحكام التي وصلوا �إليها كنتائج
لزوميّّة لتلك القراءات التغريبية المعاصرة التي اعتمدوها في كتاباتهم.

Modernist thought is one of the most important challenges facing the Islamic nation,
as it carries within it a set of trends that pose a threat to all aspects of Islamic
life. Modernists have bet on building their intellectual project on foundations that
are hostile to the principles of Islamic law and fight the ideals that this law brought,
after describing those ideals as reactionary and backward. The Prophetic Sunnah had
a large share of these modernist studies. Modernists have read the texts of the Prophetic
Sunnah in an interpretive manner that derives its mechanisms from outside the
scope of Islamic readings, and even comes in accordance with the Western experience.
Modernists have employed these readings to achieve a kind of cognitive break
between these texts and what can be called “heritage readings” so that they can open
the door wide open to understanding these texts with a moody understanding that fluctuates
with each era and circumstance without a link or control. There is no doubt that
such modernist employment of the Prophetic Sunnah in turn reflects negatively on the
Islamic faith, as the modernist mind’s practice of absolute authority in the intellectual
and religious arena makes the axioms subject to debate and criticism.

Many suspicions have been raised about the authenticity of the Sunnah many suspicions
in the ancient and modern, was this research to show the authenticity of the
Sunnah and the statement of suspicions raised around it in the old, and refuted and
respond to them.
The study aimed to identify these suspicions, and to reveal them with transmission
and mental arguments, and to clarify the authenticity of the Sunnah, and its status in
religion.
The study came in two sections, an introduction and a conclusion.
The introduction included the questions of the study, the importance of the topic,
the reasons for choosing it, the research plan, and the approach used in it.
The first section was in the statement of suspicions raised about the Sunnah, and it
has three demands.
The first requirement: the meaning and danger of suspicion.
The second requirement: the date of similarity around the year.
The third requirement: old suspicions and their refutation.
The second section in the statement of the authenticity of the year, and it has four
demands.
The first requirement: evidence from the Qur’an on the authenticity of the Sunnah.
The second requirement: evidence from the Sunnah.
The third requirement: the evidence of consensus.
Fourth requirement: mental evidence. Conclusion: It included the most important
recommendations and research results.
The approach used in this research is: the inductive and analytical approach.