Al-Rafidain University College For Sciences

Hidden Markov models (HMMs) are stochastic models that were initially applied as statistical models for speech and handwriting recognition because of their great ability to adapt to the problem and their skill in dealing with sequential signals. With the development of techniques, tools, and methods for estimating the parameters of the hidden Markov model, attention may turn to smart methods due to their importance and wide use among researchers. Two algorithms were taken, namely the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm and the Bees Colony Optimization (BCO) algorithm. They were applied to an important field at present, which is cyber security, where we addressed one of the threats that pose a danger, which is the Advanced Persistent Threat (APT). The results showed the flexibility in dealing with this type of algorithm for cyber security problems by clarifying the nature of the transitions between the two model states and the emissions that come from each hidden state. It is worth noting that a comparison of the results was made using the two comparison standards, Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), and we found that the best method was the results of the bee colony algorithm.

The research seeks to discover the nature of the relationship between branding and hidden marketing and understand customers’ response to hidden marketing techniques, as well as provide a practical framework that serves relevant companies to improve brand-building strategies in light of hidden marketing. The problem has been formulated by answering the following question: Is there a role for hidden marketing in building the brand? A random sample of 201 individuals who consumed soft drinks from Pepsi Baghdad Company was chosen. The questionnaire was adopted as a tool for collecting data, and the statistical analysis program SPSS v26 and the Smart PLS4 program were used to analyze the data and reach results. Research The research’s most important conclusion is the existence of a correlation and a moral impact between hidden marketing and brand building. And The most important recommendation is the necessity of enhancing reliance on hidden marketing mechanisms to build a distinct brand.

This research aims to test the relationship between enlightened marketing and its dimensions (targeted marketing, innovative marketing, value marketing, social marketing, and mission marketing) and building customer insight. The research attempts to answer the research questions about how enlightened marketing can contribute to building customer insight and what the most effective dimensions are to achieve this. Does the company, the research site, rely on the philosophy of enlightened marketing in marketing its services? The global company (Qi Card) was chosen as the site for implementing the research. The research sample consisted of 137 employees in the company who were chosen intentionally. The questionnaire was used to collect data. The research relied on the descriptive analytical approach and a program was used to analyze the research data. The research concluded that there is a relationship of influence and correlation between enlightened marketing and its dimensions in customer insight and that enlightened marketing primarily seeks to achieve the well-being of the consumer and society and add value to products and services in the long term. This can only be achieved by understanding the needs and desires of customers using customer insight.

Is that the requirements of speed in commercial work raised fears of exposing private interests to danger, so the importance of having controls also emerged, which take into account at the same time the necessity of speed and preserving the interests of others. From here came the idea of balance between the parties to a commercial transaction, and this applies to the morphological rules for commercial papers, or what is expressed as the exchange law, which regulates the provisions of commercial papers, as the Iraqi legislator made special rules regulating the provisions of commercial papers and everything related to them in Articles 39-184, and these rules are governed, in addition to the principles referred to above, by other principles, including formality, independence of signatures, strictness on the debtor to fulfill the amount of the commercial paper, and the principle of self-sufficiency. These last principles, in their entirety, are considered a departure from the general rules in civil law. The importance of the research lies in clarifying the legislative rules that enable knowing the rules of balance between the parties to the morphological relationship in the face of the strictness of the rules against some of the parties to this relationship, as we found it necessary to clarify these rules and what is decided in the interest of any party of the morphological obligation and at any stage of the process. Commitment stages can be applied. Our research also contributed to clarifying the concept and specificity of morphological rules, the legal basis of the morphological obligation, and what are the most important characteristics that characterize this obligation, and finally explaining the morphological rules established for the benefit of each party to the morphological obligation.

In the context of academics, the term "rational ideas" refers to concepts that, in addition to assisting a man in accomplishing his objectives, also contribute to satisfaction. The wants and priorities that are associated with a goal are included in these generalizations, which are tied to what has been shown via experimentation. The application was carried out by Iraqi University, Al-Rafidain University College, and the University of Baghdad with 71 males and 129 female students. The study sample consisted of 200 individual university students, both male and female. 82 male and female students from the scientific specialty were included in the research sample, and 118 male and female students from the humanitarian specialization were included in the research sample. Both of these numbers constitute the total number of participants in the study sample. There are no statistically significant differences in academic logical thoughts according to the gender variable (males and females), and there are also no statistically significant differences in quality-of-life ideas according to the gender variable males vs. females. This conclusion was supported by the findings of the study.

This research seeks to diagnose the correlation between the marketing information system and its dimensions (internal data, marketing intelligence system, marketing research system) and product development in its dimensions (functional and design specifications of the product, design testing, market entry, evaluation) as an analytical survey research in (Baghdad Soft Drinks Company) located in Baghdad as the study site. The research problem lies in the weak application of the marketing information system by the company's senior management, and the weak interest of these managers in the role that this system achieves in reducing costs and providing a large financial return in a way that contributes to increasing productivity and enhancing product development in the company. In order to obtain data and information, the questionnaire was relied upon, and the statistical program (SPSS) was used to analyze the data for the research variables. The research came out with a number of results, the most important of which is the existence of an average correlation between the marketing information system and product development at the overall level in the company under study. The research reached a number of conclusions and recommendations, the most important of which is the company's weak reliance on the marketing information system in adopting new mechanisms and techniques to enhance product development. The most important recommendations are to use the marketing information system with quick and easy translation of market needs for products to enhance product development.

The current research focuses on testing the impact of knowledge management system requirements according to the standard specification ISO30401:2018 with its dimensions (leadership, planning, support, process, and improvement) in enhancing high-performance work systems with its dimensions (selective recruitment, intensive training, performance evaluation, career path opportunities, and employee participation) in the General Company for Foodstuffs Trading affiliated with the Iraqi Ministry of Trade. To achieve this goal, a questionnaire was prepared and distributed to the research sample that included employees with the title “M. Manager” from the fourth grade and above, amounting to 235 employees out of the community of 518 employees. A set of descriptive and analytical statistics was relied upon, represented by percentages, standard deviation, arithmetic mean, and relative importance, through the use of statistical programs (SPSS, Amos 26). The results proved the validity of the research hypothesis that there is a positive impact of knowledge management system requirements in enhancing high-performance work systems.

The study aims to determine the importance of human resource management strategies in enhancing occupational safety in the Iraqi Geological Survey Authority. It relied on the descriptive analytical approach as a general research method. The questionnaire was utilized as a basic tool to complete the fieldwork by distributing it to a deliberate sample of employees in the Iraqi Geological Survey Authority, numbering 390 individuals. The responses obtained were then analyzed using the SPSS 25 statistical analysis program. The researcher reached several findings, the most important of which is the existence of an impact of human resource management strategies on enhancing occupational safety in the Iraqi Geological Survey Authority. In light of the results, the researcher recommends requiring all employees to wear protective clothing for work, providing all machines and equipment with appropriate means of protection for the nature of the work, and performing preventive maintenance permanently.

The research aimed to determine the impact of promotion on improving sales levels in the telecommunications companies sector in Iraq through the use of modern and advanced technologies in communicating with customers. The descriptive analytical approach was relied upon to complete the research, and the questionnaire was used as a tool for research and collecting primary data. The sample included 384 workers in mobile phone companies in Iraq, namely Atheer, Asia Cell, Korek, and Itisaluna. We then analyzed the data using the SPSS 25 program for statistical analysis. The research reached the following results: there is a significant impact of promotion on improving sales levels in Iraqi telecommunications; there is a significant impact of advertising on improving sales levels in Iraqi telecommunications; there is a significant impact of personal selling on improving sales levels in Iraqi telecommunications; and there is a significant impact of direct marketing on improving sales levels in Iraqi telecommunications.

The research aims to demonstrate the level of development of digital finance by the Central Bank of Iraq and its impact on financial inclusion in Iraq. The researchers have adopted the descriptive analytical approach by subjecting the data published by the Central Bank, the subject of the research, to statistical analysis to demonstrate the relationship between the research variables and prove its hypotheses. The research is based on the following two hypotheses: The first hypothesis: The digital finance variable is significantly related to the financial inclusion variable. The second hypothesis: Digital finance has a significant impact on the dependent variable, financial inclusion, at the overall level of the two study variables. The research reached a set of conclusions, the most prominent of which is that financial inclusion is linked to many stakeholders, from policy makers and regulators to the private sector, including employers, educational systems, communities and individuals. In this context, it is the responsibility of policymakers and regulators to ensure an open environment for financial services, from predictable laws and regulations to sound and accessible physical infrastructure. There is also a correlation and influence between the research variables The research also concluded with a set of recommendations, the most prominent of which are: Promoting digital financial services as a priority to drive the development of inclusive financial systems, through coordinated national strategies and action plans, monitoring and evaluation.
Providing an enabling and proportionate legal and regulatory framework for digital financial inclusion, taking into account the standards and guidelines of relevant international bodies and standards.

The aims of this study is to measure the impact of bank deposits on the rate of return, the case study of the Trade Bank of Iraq for the period (2014-2021). The rate of return was studied as a dependent variable, and bank deposits as an independent variable, accordingly the features of the study problem emerge, which can be formulated through the following questions:
1. What is the relationship between bank deposits and the rate of return in the Trade Bank of Iraq?
2. What is the impact of bank deposits on the rate of return in the Trade Bank of Iraq?
The hypotheses of the study were that:
1. There is a statistically significant relationship between bank deposits and the rate of return in the Trade Bank of Iraq.
2. There is a positive impact of bank deposits on the rate of return in the Trade Bank of Iraq.
The study relied quantitative approach to estimate the degree of the impact of deposits on the rate of return for the period (2014-2021) using statistical analysis sofware (SPSS.v22, Eviews. 12), for data that combines between time series and cross-sectional data.
The most important are: local Islamic banks have the highest percentage, followed by the percentage of local commercial banks, then branches of foreign commercial banks and Islamic banks, the lowest percentage is government banks. There is a direct and significant correlation between bank deposits and the rate of return, bank deposits explain (8.1%) of the changes in the rate of return. The despites are importance in achieving the return, but is not the only variable. The study recommended the necessity of studying other variables that affect the rate of return, other than the size of deposits, due to their great impact on it.

Statisticians often use regression models like parametric, nonparametric, and semi-parametric models to represent economic and social phenomena. These models explain the relationships between different variables in these phenomena. One of the parametric model techniques is conic projection regression. It helps to find the most important slopes for multidimensional data using prior information about the regression's parameters to estimate the most efficient estimator. R algorithms, written in the R language, simplify this complex method. These algorithms are based on quadratic programming, which makes the estimations more accurate.

The study aims to demonstrate the role of strategic intelligence determinants in promoting management development in Asiacell Co. for communication in Iraq. The descriptive analytical approach is used. The study community consists of the company administrators, and a questionnaire is adopted as a tool for measuring and collecting data, which is distributed to a sample of 184 administrators. The most important results of the study are There is a positive impact of strategic intelligence, represented by its five determinants (future vision, foresight, motivation, systematic thinking, and partnership), on enhancing management development at Asiacell Co. for Communications; administrators have a great ability and self-confidence to read and analyze the future and its changes. However, the study recommends the necessity of founding a special department of foresight in the company, developing an effective and fair motivation system, and enhancing individuals’ skills and talents via training courses, as well as the motivation process being carried out efficiently.

The study objective is to clarify the impact of strategic intelligence on achieving sustainable competitive advantage at the University of Baghdad. The descriptive analytical approach was used. Furthermore, a questionnaire was relied on as a tool for measuring and collecting data. The most important results are that administrators have a clear ability and great self-confidence to read and analyze the future and its changes, and respondents focus on external partnerships more than internal ones. The study’s most important recommendations include the need for a special department specialized in foresight at the University of Baghdad that studies and analyzes the external market and competitors, determines the current competitiveness, and stimulates work motivation and achievement among university employees.

Dates are among the most important national resources due to their numerous health benefits and significant economic value. Recently, their importance has declined due to a decrease in production quantities. This can be attributed to several factors, including a lack of attention to date palm cultivation and the circumstances experienced by some governorates, which led to a clear variation in production between them. Therefore, this research focuses on comparing the central and southern governorates of Iraq, namely Diala, Baghdad, Babylon, Kerbala, Wasit, Al-Najaf, Al-Qadisiya, Al-Muthanna, Thi-Qar, Mysan, and Basrah. The research compares the average production of each date palm variety (Zahdi, Khistawi, Sayer, Khadrawi, Hillawi, Deary, and others) over consecutive periods (2016-2020). The split-plot design was employed, a factorial empirical design that includes two or more factors. The research concluded that there are significant differences between the Iraqi governorates in terms of date palm production quantities and varieties.