Journal of Baghdad College of Economic sciences University

This research aims at highlighting the importance of the bank finance of productive families and to be familiar with the most significant problems facing the process of bank finance of productive families as to render them capable to fulfill their obligations in offering their products at the proper time, place and competitive price. To this end; the research replied on statue study methodology and the analytical descriptive methodologies as it benefited much from researches, studies and reports associated with concerned financial institutions transactions. Should this research attain its aspired goals it adopted an arbitrary specimen of a( sixty)of productive families in Al_ Khartoum province.
This research reached many conclusions and recommendations the most important among which is that activing and energizing the sectorial bank finance represents the safety valve in achieving balanced development plans for all the domestic economy sector. The finance programs provided for the productive families are actually very simple and limited ones and do not match with the volume and quality of intended goals to such extent that they can contribute to the improvement of living standards and eliminate poverty.
Notwithstanding, these projects confront real obstacles and problems the most significant among which are the technical, marketing, financing problems and others. This research also reached many conclusions among which the most important is the necessity to increase the volume of bank loans provided to projects of productive families and facilitating the raise of bank loans to establish required development projects in addition to enrolling families willing to participate in such projects in intensive training courses in the fields of economic feasibility studies, management and leadership practices.

The Banking sector is the most sensitive sector towards the public changes and the core of the economic and social life.
On the other hand this sector reflects the government policy in recruiting the access money from the society, and orients it to the sectors in need of it. The Banking sector will have to be under control in aim to preserve the rights of the share holders and to protect the monetary position of the banks.
The main target of banking control system is to establish a sound banking system in accordance with the prevailing laws and regulations.
In order to reach the accomplishment of this target, each banking unit must be able to control and manage its assets and liberties efficiently maintain a good mediator position to be able to face the requirements of the capital , and to reach an adequate liquidity level with as low working risks as possible .

Intelligence Economic Represents area cognitively newly is still the center of many studies and researches an including this study, which deals with the impact of IQ's economic achievement requirements small enterprise Development.
The study of the dilemma of intellectual arising from the growing interest in the application of system intelligence economic under tremendous advancements in the field of technology information and give information distinct role in the small and considered strategic resource .
The study aims to deepen understanding of intelligence economic dimensions different requirements for achieving development of small enterprises to reach a framework scientifically that combines more dimensions and concepts and try to enter these modern concepts in an environment of small study sample.
The achieves these objectives study identify three tested hypotheses statistical tools (impact factor - the correlation coefficient - the arithmetic mean - simple linear regression analysis (
The study appeals set of conclusions and recommendations identified features of the relations and the nature and effect between the main variables of the study and will enhance the health of the correlation and impact between the application intelligence system and meet the requirements of economic development of small enterprises

Greece has the highbred civilization that connected with the Greeks were Christ and followed capitalist economical system, and it is a poor country compared with the biggest capitalist countries and European countries especially. The financial crisis in 2008 influenced on Greece and try the resistance to use the fail of general budget and religion but the decrease of incomes the world depression and other things that continuation resistance of crisis so they asked help from European countries in 2010 but European hesitate but give it loans facing difficult conditions and Greece accept them to prevent out of euro and that is important subject.
Problem of research:
the crisis of Greece is epitomized fail of General budget and biggest debts can't pay them.
Hypothesis of research:
The research is studying and anlyising the debts and fail.
Methodology of research:
Dependent on the descriptive methodology for studying crisis of Greece.
Structure of research:
Research is studying two aspects . the first aspect the fail of general budget and the volume of total local production and , the second aspect is studying the debts of Greece and value of inflation. So we know that the debts is resulted in reasons are Greece 's victim.

The advanced countries have taken in their consideration the importance of the information which they have to manage their institution in planning ,organizing and monitoring also in taking decision so they have developed their information system and using modern information technology so that influenced on the philosophy and management system to be with the fast changes in every thing around , in which technology has been developed and the markets have been grown and the boundaries decreased and the competitors who are coming from different areas and culture with different ways have been increased at the same time the knowledge of the economic Which based on technological information with the huge development For the global information net and the world of the communication , all these things forced the business administration to realized about the way of managing their business and marketing their products . The tourist system which considered as an open dynamic system make it influence by the fast developed technological environment in the field of exchange information in order to be with the needs of the global tourist development and to face the challenges of hard competition in the global tourist marketing and Arabic tourist business sector so that they will have more interested in technological information system because it is one of the main element for tourist planning to achieve the tourist growth if they want to continue and success in hard competition environment

Touched on the current issue of insurance food with respect to material grain of the importance of this material to members of Iraqi society and its appearance in the ration card items, so facing the General Company for Grain Trade the problem of ensuring the presence and flow of material grain quality, quantity and time required as one of the activities of the company to achieve the goal of self-sufficiency of the material grain of Iraqi society As one of the institutions of the state service.

Current research aims to identify the reality of this storage material in the company's research sample for a study before the gentlemen in the company officials to take effective decisions to solve problems facing the process of storage and the development of the strengths of the work Almkhozna. Therefore sought the search to know the reality shelf through the views of workers in the complexes, storage and through the available information that was obtained showed the result set was most important that the local production of grain is a ¢ actual need and the rest is imported from outside Iraq and Mnascie multiple, which confirmed the importance of attention as one of the side shelf guarantees required for the success of the work. The research has also shown the buildings and equipment storage and palaces to meet the goal of the company Bkhozan enough to ensure the safety of the presence and flow of the material. The results of research on the importance of attention to planning, inventory control and re-introduction of stockpiling reserves of grain material as a means to cope with emergency conditions.

The study aims to shed light on the money laundering operations by standing on the most important stages and their causes and then effects to the body economic in general and the banking system in particular and knowledge of the sources feeding this phenomenon, where is the phenomenon of money laundering of the most dangerous phenomena and the challenges faced by the economies of the countries in general and Creation of legislative and relevant international legal combat it with an increase in the spread of this phenomenon is due to increased growth and effectiveness of the global financial markets and banks in light of the phenomenon of globalization, which facilitated the movement of capital across borders between countries, as well as to exploit the money launderers of technological developments in the field of systems Information and Communication in money laundering operations.
And of the most important findings of the study is that the banks considered one of the important channels through which passes the money launderers of illegal money and then returned to the economic cycle, as if the money coming from a legitimate source and that the spread of the financial and administrative corruption and weak oversight institutions Banking and Financial and weak control on the border between Iraq and neighboring countries and the spread of political conflicts and ethnic considered one of the main reasons that led to the spread of money laundering operations in Iraq, and that the application of financial institutions and banking in Iraq to the law against money laundering that has been developed from before the Iraqi legislative authorities contributed to the reduction of the money laundering operations in Iraq.
The most important recommendations recommended by the study is the control of the border crossings and to prevent smuggling in all its forms, especially drugs and all illegal activities that constitute a source of illicit money and the need for prompt reporting of suspicious transactions and documents, enhanced documentation and evidence that support the suspicion in these transactions by financial institutions and banking to the office of anti-money laundering at the Central Bank as well as to develop mechanisms of control by the competent authorities to financial institutions and banking to make sure that the application of laws and regulations to combat money laundering and control of capital within and outside of the country and make sure the source accurately.

This research dealt with the formula of leasing credit, which initialize on financial institutions that Buys production requirements and then re-lease them to projects in need to those supplies and have no extra or enough money to buy. These projects will pay premiums that include interest, in order to identify the possibility of applying this idea on Iraq .institutions were selected (Bank of the Middle East) as a financial institution , buying INPUTS (Leaser) and Neuroscience Hospital as a tenant for those supplies, and to achieve this goal it was necessary to study the size of the liquidity available in the bank as well as the growth rate of its deposits, in addition to the financial potential of the Hospital in paying premiums .
It was obvious through analysis that the Bank deposits grow steadily during the years of research as well as bank liquidity could be exploited in part to purchase production supplies and renting them for the benefit of the project also we did know that the Hospital has a surplus which will help in paying equipments premiums if leased from the Bank.
Finally the researcher find that credit leasing is an effective way to bridge the shortfall in production requirements related to Iraqi institutions, especially after the damage occurred as a result of continuous wars and riots during the events of 2003 . these events hindered many institutions in exercising their activities due to lack of machinery and equipment, in addition this process (leasing credit) has an important role in reducing unemployment.
The search began with the abstract and introduction then methodology, which included the research problem, objectives and importance then moved to the first chapter, which included the theoretical side and then the second chapter, which dealt with the practical side with two sections the first devoted to the hospital Neuroscience , suffering lack of equipments. The second section devoted to the Bank of the Middle East as an entity that own money possible to use part of it to exercise Leasing Credit,, finally there were Conclusions and recommendations

Marketing emotions management term start using in the contemporary organizations that have successful marketing , and to increase the efficiency of marketing aims of these organizations to provide the best services by building bridges to gain the trust of the customer and achieve the benefits of the material of achieving the highest profit, and this is achieved through the corporate ownership of the delegates sales have the ability to win customers and they have the ability to manage their emotions , and determine the behavioral pattern of the customer, the management of emotions and controlled negative emotions and converted to positive emotions represents an important step towards the success of the organizations marketing in determining the behavioral patterns of different customers. This study indicate the role of marketing emotions management in determining the behavioral patterns of customers in the organizations marketing the studied sample, which was three local contacts companies, and it was found to be a correlation between the marketing emotions management and the behavioral patterns of customers as the marketing emotions management affect significantly in the behavioral patterns of the customers. and the most recommended in this study need to have a human efficient in marketing management in the organization and build by himself a strong link with a customer through the marketing emotions management and analysis of personal customers and use efficient strategies for dealing with them ,to meet all their needs for goods or services they require.

The research aims to diagnose the reality of human resources management and its impact in improving the performance of the organization at the center of the oil ministry, which is one of the most prominent Iraq ministries. he research problem identified in a number of questions was the most important What is the level for the Department of Human Resources in the exercise of its functions at the center of the Ministry of Oil? And applied research on a sample of (78) of individual executives and employees, as well as on the staff of Human Resource Management and the numbering (44) individuals and thus the study sample overall (122) individual. The approach adopted in the case study research, as it uses personal interviews and field mentoring, and study of historical documents and reports questionnaire to collect data and information. Been using a number of statistical tools, including: the percentage, arithmetic mean is likely, Pearson correlation coefficients, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, and path analysis

This research aims to achieve a number of goals determined in Introduction of the mechanics of corporate governance and its importance and its impact on economic, legal, social, to strengthen the company\'s management and efficiency of financial markets, especially the internal mechanisms, and a proposal for the formulation of a specimen report to disclose the corporate governance and internal mechanisms in the companies.
The research found a set of conclusions was the most important, to propose a model for the report to disclose the corporate governance and internal mechanisms, particularly for companies listed on the Stock Exchange is designed to protect the rights of shareholders and other stakeholders through the provision of information on the level of corporate governance and internal mechanisms in the companies.
The research was presented a number of recommendations, mainly Mayati:
the adoption of the internal mechanisms of corporate governance by Iraqi companies that work to protect the rights of shareholders and other stakeholders, which aims to push managers to maximize the value of the company as reflected in the financial reports of the company.
The necessity of adopting the proposed model to the report on corporate governance and internal mechanisms for Iraqi companies, which aims to achieve integration between the accounting information in the financial statements and information on corporate governance and internal mechanisms, through the disclosure of information the level of governance in the notes to the financial statements

A budget for the general in Iraq after 2003 took expansionary nature, which required an increase in revenue equal to the increase in expenses. Also need to be substantial financial resources to carry out re-ages, which depletes the resource oil over the coming years, which led to thinking seriously about another resource not a tax, one tax is important as one of the customs taxes budget resources. Regulated by the provisions of the tax customs in Iraq at the present time the law of the customs tariff number (22) for the year 2010 not to have been off of this law to the lack of economic infrastructure for its implementation, the problem is not in the approval, but in its application, especially after eight years of dumping the commodity in the Iraqi market. Which requires action before the launch of tariff to identify gaps that hinder the application process may be due to the law itself or for other reasons and this is what has been studied in our present.

The research aims which is entitled (integration between system (JIT-ABC) and its impact on reducing costs for industrial companies applied study in the General Company for Textile Industries (Diwaniya Textile Factory) to study the style of application systems (JIT-ABC) and the statement of the possibility of integration with each other as well as the research aims to reduce costs and that what suffer the industrial companies of rising costs in light of the intense competition that characterizes the modern manufacturing environment and research found to a set of conclusions, among them that there is a possibility to achieve integration between the two systems (JIT-ABC) lead to improved operating performance of the plant and increase production capacity also the two researchers have reach to a set of recommendations, among them the need for the plant following the style of the (ABC) and the integration with (JIT) with study the main and helping activities which is not add any value in order to remove them and thus can reduce costs to the least also can benefit from the experiences and expertise companies applied for this type of system and the factory should purchase a number of modern machines from international origins for the purpose of rehabilitation of production lines where integration between the two systems

Tasks scheduling plays a very big role in minimizing waiting time, which is required for tasks or jobs in queuing for processing in the computer's (Central Processing Unit (CPU)), where these task are scheduled before they enter one of the processors with the ability to shear existing data in the sheared memory, and this is more important when an (n) tasks are scheduled (bunch of tasks) in parallel processing. Memetic Algorithm (MA) used to solve the scheduling problem in parallel processing, which is a form of genetic algorithm (GA) that are combined with other forms of local search simulated annealing (SA).
MA was introduced an effective results and a best solution for assigning the tasks to the homogeneous parallel multiprocessor system, which dependent on Tlevel and Blevel and they have minimum value when computed the parameters (Make span & Flow time), during the comparison between many of multiprocessors scheduling algorithms

Computer viruses has been grown rapidly in last few years, corrupted huge number of applications and devices. In the other side, antivirus programming facing the spreading of all types of viruses. This work dedicated for detecting viruses that infect executable files namely (Win 32), because Win32 files like .EXE, .PE widely used in PC’s and networks. This work explains how viruses work, the behavior of viruses, and how infect different types of files, Illustrates many techniques of virus detection, our work is for detecting some types of infected file by exploiting the change in checksum, which occurs when the data of files has changed. Some measurements were using to evaluate our work.

Clustering is the unsupervised classification of patterns (observations, data items, or feature vectors) into groups (clusters). The clustering problem has been addressed in many contexts and by researchers in many disciplines; this reflects its broad appeal and usefulness as one of the steps in exploratory data analysis.
However, clustering is a difficult problem combinatorially, and differences in assumptions and contexts in different communities has made the transfer of useful generic concepts and methodologies slow to occur. This paper presents an overview of pattern clustering methods from a statistical pattern recognition perspective, with a goal of providing useful advice and references to fundamental concepts accessible to the broad community of clustering practitioners. We present a taxonomy of clustering techniques, and identify cross-cutting themes and recent advances. We also describe some important applications of clustering algorithms such as image segmentation, object recognition, and information retrieval.