Tikrit Journal of Pure Science

1

The effects of anti-diabetic agents on white blood cells

Pages: 1-5 English

Abstract

A 105 diabetic patients included in this study . the patients groups according to their type of therapy into four
groups the first group include 25 patiennts on insulin therapy ,the second group include 29 patients on
sulfonylurea (oral hypoglycemic agent- glibenclamide-5mg). The third group include 24 patients on sulfonylurea
& insulin & the fourth group include 27 patients on sulfonylurea & metformin (Biguanides) . Blood sample was
taken to estimate both hemoglobulin concentration & white blood cell count .The hemoglobulin results in the
first group only 10 patients with normal result , 13 patients with mild anemic results & two patients with
moderate results .In the second group only 12 patients with normal result &17 patients with mild anemic results.
In the third group only 11 patients with normal result , 12 patients with mild anemic results & one patient with
moderate results .In the fourth group only 8 patients with normal result , 16 patients with mild anemic results &
three patients with moderate results . The white blood cell count obtain in this study among the four groups was
in the first group one out of 25(4%) patients give result below normal . In the second group seven out of
29(24.1%) give results below normal . In the third group four out of 24(16.7%)patients give result below normal
. In the fourth group five out of 27.( 18.5%) patients give results below normal . No significant differences see
regarding age, sex , duration of disease , duration of therapy , types of therapy & if take sulfonylurea alone or in
combination . Although a high percentage of leukopnia in those on sufonylurea .

2

Antimicrobial activity of carnosic acid isolated from Rosmarinus officinalis L. leaves

Pages: 6-11 English

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Abstract

Carnosic acid C20H28O4,
the major compound in Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Lamiaceae) leaves was isolated and
purified through silica gel column chromatography and detected on TLC plates in comparison with standard
carnosic acid that served as positive control. Moreover, FTIR spectrometry and HPLC analysis were used to
confirm the purity and identity of carnosic acid. The separated acid was investigated for its antimicrobial activity
against six selected pathogenic microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli,
Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the yeast Candida albicans. Carnosic acid at different
concentrations (5, 2.5, 1.25 and 0.62 mg/ml) was active against all tested microorganisms. High inhibitory
effects were observed against Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus (zone of inhibition: 21.7 and 20.3 mm
respectively) using the disc diffusion method. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of carnosic acid was
determined using a broth microdilution method in 96-well microtiter plates. MIC values ranged from 15.6 to
125.0 μg/ml, and the highest value was recorded against Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus (MIC 15.6
μg/ml), followed by Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium and Pseudomonas aeruginosa respectively.
Moreover, carnosic acid observed good antifungal activity against the yeast Candida albicans (zone of inhibition
range: 11.2-17.4mm; MIC: 125.0 μg/ml)

3

Evaluation of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA as a Genetic Indicator of Salt Tolerance in Iraqi Wheat

Pages: 12-18 English

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Abstract

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was utilized in order to generate information on polymorphism,
genetic relatedness and diversity in two local salt tolerant wheat varieties Dijlah and Furat collected from
different locations in Iraq( Latyfia, Twaitha and Hasoa) compared to three local non-salt tolerant varieties Tahdi,
Tamose2 and Nakhoa for breeding purposes. Out of the 23 random decamer primers used, 15 primers produced
monomorphic and polymorphic amplification patterns. Primers A11 and N16b showed the highest efficiency of
0.069, primer A11also showed the highest discriminatory power of 24.3%. Data obtained were used find the
genetic distance and construct the dendogram. There was 26% polymorphism between the studied cultivars. In
addition to that we were able to fingerprint seven cultivars.

4

Gallstones associated with bacterial incidence

Pages: 19-22 English

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Abstract

Objective: To study the correlation between the gallstones accumulation and bacterial incidence .
Patients and methods : This study was carried out for the period July 2009 to February 2010 in Ramadi
General hospital in Ramadi City. Forty patients were diagnosed clinically as having gallstones were submitted to
surgical operation .Stones were collected for culture, all the information study patients were recorded.
Results : 40 stones were collected , male to female ratio was 1:2.8 , age ranged between (30-60) years old.
The stones were diagnosed based on the morphology, size and color , cholesterol stones were found in
25(62.5%) and pigment stones in 15(37.5%).
70% appeared no growth of pathogenic microorganism while 30% of these stones show bacterial growth of the
following bacteria, Escherichia coli 12(48 %(, Klebsiella pneumoniae 4 (16% ) , Pseudomonas aeruginosa
3 )12 %), Salmonella enterica enterica (S.Typhi) 4 (16%) and Staphylococcus aureus 2 (8%) .
Conclusion : It was concluded that bacteria actually constitute a substantial portion of the stone and are
more than just a remote source of ß-glucuronidase

5

" Isolation and Characterization of ِ Local strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii "

Pages: 23-27 English

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Abstract

This study included isolation and characterization of seven strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. Trifolii from
root nodules of clover plants. These strains as follows: WS1, WS2, WS3, WS4, WS5, WS6 and WS7. Clover
plants were isolated from different agroclimatic regions of Mosul-Iraq. Symbiotic characteristics of clover plants
inoculated with the fore-isolated strains of rhizobia revealed that the strain WS4 was the best, which has the
symbiotic efficiency 15.6. This strain had been chosen for further studies; such as the effect of different
incubation periods on growth of WS4 strain and pH changes of MSY medium. Three-day after incubation was
the best with average optical density 1.83, when wavelength was 545 nm. Intensive incubation period resulted in
decreasing the average values of optical density. Antibiotic resistant studies showed the ability of strains in
resisting chloramphenicol, rifampicin, streptomycin, ampicillin and naldixic acid, whereas it was sensitive to
tetracycline. The strain WS4 was able to grow on RMM. Study of production of cell surface molecules revealed
disability of this strain to produce β (1 3) cyclic glucans, whereas it had the ability to produce the
exopolysaccharide and cellulose fibrilis. SW4 was motile, this indicating its ability to produce β-(1 2)
cyclic glucans.

6

Estimation of some haematological parameters and enzymes activity transaminase for some arthritis patients who used voltaren drug in ALRamadi city

Pages: 28-30 English

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Abstract

Voltaren is an important nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is commonly used in both humans and
animals ,this research was conducted to study the effect of voltaren drug used by some of patients with arthritis
for more than a year inAL- Ramadi city, Where blood samples were collected from the patients coming to ALRamadi General Hospital , 50 samples were collected on average age of 55 years.
Where some of the haematological parameters and enzyme activity were estimated.The result showed that there
was asignificant reduction in the count of WBC, reaching the lowest value2500 cell/ml ,and also noted a
decrease in the PCVand reached its lowest value28%,accompanied by arise in liver enzymes activity(Aspartate
aminotransferase AST, Alanine aminotransferase ALT), the highest value of 95 (U / L) and 94 (U / L) each,
respectively

7

Estimation of Combining Ability for Plant and Ear Height in Maize

Pages: 31-34 English

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Abstract

Seven inbred lines of maize were studied in Line ×Tester analysis , using a randomized complete block design .
Data were recorded on plant and ear height characters to determine the nature of combining effects and estimate
the components of variance and genetic parameters . The value of specific combining ability variance was more
than the general combining ability variance for the two triats ,indicating the importance of non – additive gene
action . Narrow sense heritability ranged from 47.13% – 19.05% for plant and ear height respectively . Average
degree of dominance was more than one for the two characters. Heterosis , measured as departure of F1 from the
mean of the parents value were observed for the two characters .

8

Antibacterial effect of the extracts and essential oils prepared from Pistacia lentiscus L. mastic gum against pathogenic bacteria

Pages: 35-39 English

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Abstract

The water, ethanol, chloroform, acetone extracts and isolated essential oil of the mastic gum resins of Pistacia
lentiscus L. were investigated for their antibacterial activity against seven different species of pathogenic
microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis,
Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella typhi and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using disc diffusion and microdilution
assay. All extracts showed antibacterial activity against most tested bacteria except, P. mirabilis and E. coli
which were resistant to chloroform and acetone extracts. The ethanol extract exhibited the highest antibacterial
activity against S. aureus whereas the water extracts exhibited some degree of activity and the chloroform and
acetone extracts exhibited no or least activity. The isolated compound (essential oil) with a concentration of 50
mg/ml achieved good antibacterial activity against all tested bacteria (zone of inhibition range: 18-27
mm).Minimal inhibitory concentrations of The ethanol extract achieved best results against all tested bacteria
and S. aureus was the most susceptible bacteria with a MIC value of 0.097 mg/ml, whereas the lowest
susceptibility results were seen against C. diphtheria using the aqueous and acetone extracts. Finally the
essential oil showed best results against P. aeruginosa and the least activity was calculated against E. coli and S.
typhi.

9

A study of Skin prick test reactivity to common aeroallergens among patients with allergic rhinitis in Salahelden Governorate

Pages: 40-44 English

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Abstract

Background: Allergic rhinitis is an extremely common disease worldwide. Aeroallergens are very often
involved in allergic rhinitis and their prevalence pattern of sensitization vary between different countries and
populations.
Aim: The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the prevalence of skin reactivity to different aeroallergens in
patients with allergic rhinitis in Sallahellden Governorate.
Patients and Methods :A retrospective study were conducted on 62 patients with allergic rhinitis, of these
patients 37(60 %)were male and 25 (40%)were female . Age of patients was between 6 to 68 years with a mean
of age: 34.52 yr.
Results :The patients referred to allergic clinic of Tikrit Teaching Hospital and skin prick test(SPT) response to
aeroallergens were studied which shows59(95%) of patients had positive SPT but 3(5 %) were unsensitized .
Among the sensitized patients8(13 %) were monosensitized against one allergen, 51 (82%) were polysensitized
for more than one allergen .
In regard to frequencies of Pollen (65%), Mould(28%) were considered the most common aeroallergens, among
pollen the grass aeroallergen (61%) which had the highest rate of sensitization. In addition the study found
higher positive SPT frequencies in house wives patient(41%) .
Conclusions: It was concluded that the pollens, moulds are the major aeroallergens provocating allergic rhinitis
in Salahellden Governorate. with high sensitization frequencies in house wives patient

10

Epidemiological study of cystic echinococcosis in Man and slaughtered Animals in Erbil province, Kurdistan Regional-Iraq

Pages: 45-50 English

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Abstract

The present study included the percent of infection with hydatid cystic disease (HCD) in human and slaughtered
animals in Erbil province, Kurdistan-Iraq. For humans a statistical analysis of documents, 149 cases have been
recorded due to cystic echinococcosis, and treated surgically in private and governorate hospitals in Erbil
province. Among total of 17598 patients admitted to the surgical department, 0.846 % of which were found to
be infected with cystic echinococcosis, and about 6.3 /100,000 persons among Erbil population. The results of
this study showed that the number and rate of infection in rural was 82 (55.03%) higher than in urban 67
(44.97%). According to the occupations of patients, housewives were highly infected than others, and among
different organs involved, liver was higher infected 83 (55.7%), and then lungs 30 (20,1%). In comparison to
age groups, the highest rate of infection was found among the age group 41-50 years 29 (19,46%). During the
examination of 1090 sheep, 360 cows and 240 goats, their infection rates was 121 (11.1%), 28 (7.77%) and 4
(1.66%) infected with cystic echinococcosis, respectively. The livers of these infected animals had the highest
involvement, and as follow as: 50.4% in sheep, 75%in cows and 25 % in goats. The percent of fertile cysts in
infected animals were: sheep (94.11%), cows (80.64%), and goats (91.66%). The viability of protoscolices were
as follow: in sheep (92±3.256 in liver and 85±2.350 in lungs), cows (78±4.23 in liver and 70±3.15± in lungs) and
goats 90±2.15 in liver and 86±2.25 in lungs). The economic losses due to cystic echinococcosis of 149 patients
treated surgically was approximately 372,500,000 ID or 298,000 US$ and in slaughtered animals the losses of
153 animals infected were 1579000 ID or 1338 US$.

11

Hematological, Immunological and Biochemical Evaluation in Patients with Secondary Polycythemia

Pages: 51-54 English

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate whether the relationships between Hematological, Immunological,
Biochemical parameters and heavy cigarette smoking in patients with secondary polycythemia, to reach such
aim, the study included 60 individuals. They were distributed on two main groups. Group one included 20
healthy non inhaling and non smoking males. Many results were significantly different between smoker patients
and healthy non smokers. The levels of hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, total count of red blood
cells, leukocytes, platelets and total cholesterol, triglyceride were significantly higher, also the percentage of
positive cases for C-reactive protein (CRP) was significantly increased and reached (100%), the level of highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) and immunoglobulin levels of IgG, IgA and complement component C3
,C4 were significantly lower in smoker patients than in male non smokers

12

Effect Of Selenium Supplementation On Humeral Immune Response Against Infectious Bursal Disease Vaccine In Broiler Chicks.

Pages: 55-58 English

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Abstract

Supplementation of Selenium in diets of field animals enhances the immune status and ability of the immune
system to respond to disease challenges. The objective of the present study was to know the impact of selenium
supplementation on humoral immune response against IBD vaccine in broiler chicks. A total of (160)
commercial broiler male chicks were raised up to 50 days of age under controlled experimental conditions. The
chicks were randomly divided into four equal groups (A, B, C and D) at age of day one. Fourty chicks for each.
Chicks of groups (A and B) were not supplemented with selenium, while those of groups (C and D) were given
selenium 0.05 mg/Kg of feed from day one to day (50). Chickens of groups (B and D) were vaccinated against
(IBD) using live attenuated (IBD) vaccine at the age of day (10) then, boosted at (25, 35,45) days of ages. The
effect of selenium on humoral immune response was evaluated by recording antibody titres against IBD through
indirect (ELISA) test in the sera of chicks of treated groups. These results indicate that there were significant
differences (P<0.05) in the mean values of titer of antibodies against (IBDV) among all the treated groups at (15,
30, 40, 50) days of age. So that; the results showed a significant increasing (P<0.05) in the mean values of titer
of antibodies against (IBDV) of chickens of group (D) in comparsion with other treated group at (30, 40, 50) day
of age. It is concluded that selenium supplementation in diets of poultry help to increase humoral immune
response post vaccination against live attenuated infectious bursal disease (IBD) in broiler chicks.

13

Isolation of Bacillus spp. from some sources and study of its proteolytic activity

Pages: 59-63 English

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Abstract

In view of the importance sources that employ in our study that deals with human poisoning , this study was
aimed to isolate Bacillus spp. from some sources that deals with human food poisoning and to identify this
microorganisms morphologically and biochemically . Twelve samples including ( air , water , egg , milk , cheese
and meat ) in duplicate were taken in this study , after isolation of the Bacillus spp. from these samples an
investigation was taken up to find out the activity of proteolytic enzymes by this bacteria under controlled
condition as one of its important virulence factors . The results showed that all the sources were contaminated
with Bacillus spp. And the average numbers of colonies were found to be more in air samples followed by meat ,
milk , egg , water and the lowest in cheese samples. Also all the colonies of Bacillus which isolated were
positive to proteolysis activity by forming clearing zones around the growth of the bacteria , because of its ability
to degradation proteins to amino acids .

14

Spectrophotometric Determination of Mesalazine Via Oxidative Coupling Reaction

Pages: 64-69 English

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15

Study of the Adsorption of Copper Ion on a New Type of Activated Carbon

Pages: 70-76 English

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Abstract

In this study, a new type of activated carbon is prepared from spent lubricant oils by chemical treatment. This
carbon is used as adsorbent for the removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions. The adsorption capacity of
the carbon is estimated. The effect of contact time, concentration and temperature are investigated. The
experimental data of adsorption were fitted to three different isotherms, namely; Langmuir, Freundlich and
DKR. The isotherms equations were applied at different temperatures. The results obtained showed that, the
Langmuir isotherm is better fitted to the experimental data of the studied system than the other isotherms. In
addition the fitting is good at low temperature. Deviations are noticed when temperature is increased. The
thermodynamic parameters ∆G°, ∆H, and ∆S are determined at two initial concentrations. Their values and signs
indicated that, the adsorption process could occur spontaneously at room temperature. The increase of
temperature activates the departure of adsorbed molecules towards the solution. The adsorption system is
exothermic in nature. The adsorption process increases the order of the studied system.

16

Studying the Effect of Some Inorganic Phosphors Salts on Fire Retardant and Mechanical Properties of Partially Cross Linked Modified Unsaturated polyester Composite

Pages: 77-88 English

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Abstract

In this work, the effect of four types of inorganic phosphors salts on flammability and mechanical properties
(Flexural and Tensile) strength, of partially cross linked modified unsaturated polyester reinforced with glass
fibers has been studied ; also , the influence of two types form of glass fibers (chopped strand mat and woven
roving ), on flammability and mechanical properties of the composite, were studied . Sheets of composites with
different weight percentage of additives and reinforced with two layers of each type of glass fibers, were
prepared. Four standard test methods used to measure the flame retardation and mechanical properties, which
are: ASTM: D – 2863, ASTM: D – 635, ASTM: D – 790 and ASTM: D – 638 .
Results obtained from these tests indicated that, additive (IV) (poly ammonium phosphate) has high efficiency as
a flame retardant, self – extinguishing (S.E.) occured at the percentage of 1.5 % and non – burning ( N.B. ) was
occured at the percentage of 2.5 % for resin reinforced with glass fiber type woven roving and showed high
effect to reduce the values of the mechanical behaviors, but additive (I)(mono ammonium phosphate) have low
effect on retard composition and showed low effect on the values of mechanical properties.

17

Spectrophotometric Determination of Metoclopramide Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Preparations Via Oxidative Coupling Reaction

Pages: 89-95 English

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Abstract

A simple and rapid spectropotometric method for the determination of metoclopramide-HCl(MCP) was
described. The method is based on the oxidative coupling reaction of pyrocatecol (PC) with MCP using
ammonium ceric sulphate (ACS) as oxidizing agent in acidic medium to form a water soluble product, that is
stable and has a maximum absorption at 500 nm. Beer’s law is obeyed in a concentration range of 5-35 g.ml-1
MCP with a molar absorptivity of 3.01103
l.mol-1
.cm-1
, a relative error of –0.22 to -0.90 % and a relative
standard deviation of  0.09 to  1.90 % depending on the concentration of MCP. The proposed method has
been successfully applied to the determination of MCP in various pharmaceutical preparations

18

Synthesis and Theoretical Study of Some Intermediates in the Projected Synthesis of Tetracyclic Xanthones

Pages: 96-100 English

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19

Synthesis of New Modified PVC and their Photostability Study

Pages: 101-171 English

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Abstract

Reaction of PVC with carbothioimide, thiadiazole and traizole derivative in THF solution give a new polymers
which were soluble in THF, DMF, DMSO, Three modified PVC polymer were synthesized through reaction of
compounds (1-4) with PVC in THF solvent. The Photo stability of the prepared modified polymer was
investigated. The modified polymers differ in their susceptibility to photo oxidation degradation from that
unmodified PVC. The photostability effects of these heterocyclic moieties were monitored on the basis of
carbonyl, polyene and hydroxyl indexes. The obtained results demonstrate that all modified polymers are more
photosstabilized, rather than unmodified PVC. All the structure of these compounds [1-4] and P1,P2,P3 were
confirmed by FT-IR, UV/Vis spectroscopy ,mass spectrum for compound [2] and 1H-NMR for compound [4].

20

Biochemical Estimation of Trace Elements Manganese (Mn), Cobalt (Co),Calcium(Ca) and Iron(Fe) in Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases

Pages: 118-123 English

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Abstract

background and objectives :
Recent scientific interest has focused on abnormalities in mineral metabolism and those abnormalities may play
a role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases . The hypothesis that trace element status influences the
risk of adverse clinical outcomes is worthy of investigation.Therefore, we performed this study on the basis of
the existing hypothesis that serum level of Mn,Co,Ca.Fe were inversely associated with prevalence of
cardiovascular diseases in 40 patients (20 with hypertension,20 with myocardial infarction), to confirm this
possible associations compared with control group (N= 25) , study the sex-effect on the level of these trace
elements.

21

Direct Potentiometry of Low Levels of Water in Organic Solvents using Cells without a Liquid-junction under the Proton Isoconcentration Technique

Pages: 124-127 English

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22

Modefied Method For Synthesis and Charecterization of Aza- Ascorbic Acid

Pages: 128-135 English

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Abstract

A process was carried out to synthesize Aza-ascorbic acid using ascorbic acid as a starting material. It is based
on closing sites (5, 6 ) then acetylation of sites ( 2, 3) to protect the gropes on these positions from side reactions.
The produced compound, after acetylation, was treated with (ammonia- methanol) solution to give the
substituted amide of ascorbic acid.
The hydroxyl group on position (4 ) was converted to benzene sulphonate which is characterized as a good
leaving group.
Using a good neucleophilic agent will give a chance for amino group in amide derivative of ascorbic acid to
attack the sulphonate group on position 4 to produce the aza-ascorbic acid.
This method can be considered as alternative to the classical methods which are based on oxidation of the
hydroxyl group at position (4) converting it to ketone group followed by cyclization of the amide derivative
which is finally reduced by sodium borohydride. The synthesized product was identified by UV and IR spectra.

23

Synthesis and Characterization of Tetradentate Macrocyclic Ligands and its Complexes with Some Transition Metal Ions.

Pages: 136-141 English

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Abstract

Complexes of the type [M(L1)Cl2], [M(L2)Cl2] and [M(L3)Cl2] (M=Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and
Zn(II); L1=(5,12-dibromo-2,9-dithioxo-1,3,8,10-tetra azacyclo tetra decane-4,7,11,14-tetraone), L2= (5,6,12,13-
tetrabromo-2,9- dithioxo -1,3,8,10- tetraazacyclotetra decane-4,7,11,14-tetraone) and L3= ((5Z, 12Z) - 2,9 –
dithioxo -1,3,8,10-tetraaza cyclotetradeca-5,12-diene-4,7,11,14-tetraone) have been prepared and characterized
by means of micro analysis (Metals (M)) molar conductance measurements, magnetic susceptibility
measurements, IR and electronic spectral studies the prepared complexes may have octahedral configuration.

24

Indirect Spectrophotometric Method for Determination of Amoxicillin Trihydrate in Aqueous Solution and Pharametrical Samples

Pages: 142-146 English

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Abstract

A spectrophotometric method for determination of amoxicillin trihydrate (AT) in microgram level depending on
its ability to reduce the yellow absorption of (I3) at λmax: 351 nm. The optimum conditions such as concentration
of reactants, time of sitting, order of addition, were studied to get a high sensitivity (ε = 8.5× 103 L. mol-1
. cm-1
,
with wide range of calibration curve ( 2- 40) μg.ml-1
, good stability ( more than 24 hr.) , repeatability (RSD%:
0.356-0.505%) and recovery ( 99.8 – 100.3%). This method was used for quantity assessment of five AT drug
products with good precision and accuracy using standard addition method.

25

Environmental and Healthy Assessment for North Refineries Company Baiji - (Iraq)

Pages: 147-150 English

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Abstract

Environmental samples such as soil industrial water and air were studied at Baiji refineries site to assess the risk
of pollutants on local populations .
The results obtained in this work indicate that the soil , industrial water and air samples in Baiji refineries are
not contamination with pollutants studied in present research , i.e. with in national environmental limitation
,therefore no risk on the healthy of population living indoor and outdoor of this establishment. The cause of
oil pollution in Tigris River due to leak in pipe line carrying crude oil from north oil company to Baiji refineries
,but there were an increase in pH, NO3
-
and TDS values in the liquid waste of the thermal Baiji station above the
quantities of the national environmental parameters

26

Isolation and Partial Purifiction Maltase Isoenzymes From Urine of Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Pages: 151-155 English

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27

Viscosities and excess properties For 7-[2,2-(1-phenylidene amino)-1,3,4 –( Thiadiazole- 5-yl)-thio acetamido]- Desacetoxy cephalosporanic Acid[PATDCA] And water at several temperatures

Pages: 156-159 English

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Abstract

Experimental values of viscosity are presented for the mixtures of 7-[2,2-(1-phenylidene amino)-1,3,4 –
(Thiadiazole- 5-yl)- thio acetamido]- Desacetoxy cephalosporanic Acid [PATDCA] with water over the whole
mole fraction range at 298.15 , 308.15 , 318.15 and 328.15 K.The data were used to calculate excess viscosity ,
∆ln η and excess Gibbs energy of activation of flow ,∆G*E.Both ∆ln η and ∆G*E show a significant positive
deviation from ideal mixing behavior over the whole mole fraction range and decreased with increasing
temperature . The results have been discussed in terms of the nature of solvent – solute interaction in the mixture

28

A study of environmental for sensing and detection with the radiation pollutants in limited depths from the soil at elected regions in Salah Al-din Governorate by using CR-39 detector

Pages: 160-164 English

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29

Bias-Voltage Dependence on Thermoelectric Cooler Coefficient for Al0.7Ga0.3As and In0.2Ga0.8As SQW Laser Diode

Pages: 165-170 English

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Abstract

The theoretical investigation of thermoelectric phenomena in single quantum well (SQW) laser diode was
described in this work. Diode laser devices can be modeled by introducing a bias-dependent Peltier coefficient
at interfaces that takes into account the variation of the carriers’ average transport energy. The effective Peltier
coefficient can vary as a function of applied bias voltage, and can give rise to interfacial thermoelectric cooling
or heating depending on device parameters. The temperature dependences of the threshold current at different
temperature are investigated for the laser diode, a record characteristic temperature T0=110 K has been achieved
for AlGaAs and T0=50 K for InGaAs. The bias voltage dependent bipolar Peltier coefficient is modeled for
SQW laser diodes, and the different regimes of bias voltage for which cooling is achieved are described. In this
work two type of SQW laser diode were studied they are AlGaAs and InGaAs. The comparison of the
theoretically calculated laser parameters; namely, confinement factor, threshold current density and the output
power density of SQW GaAs/Al0.7Ga0.3As and GaAs/In0.2Ga0.8As laser showed that the confinement factor is a
very important parameter for the performance of this quantum well laser

30

A new high Tc-Value investigated in the compound (YBa2Cu3O6.85)0.8Ag0.2

Pages: 171-175 English

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Abstract

A ceramic superconductor compounds with the composition (YBa2Cu3O6.85)0.8Ag0.2 are prepared by solid state
reaction from the principle routs like Y2O3,BaCO3 and Ag2O with high purity 99.99%. Different measurement
were made to show the improvement in high phase superconductor such as resistivity measurement , X-ray
diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Resistivity measurement consider good tool for
determination the critical temperature (Tc) . A better (Tc) value appeared at( x=0.2) , that is related to the
amount of (Ag ) in the mixture , and nearly equal to (124K) comparable with the pure compound which does
not normally exhibited Tc-value greater than (100K) in a YBCO-compound. X-ray exhibited to orthorhombic
phase related to high Tc phase .SEM pictures emphasized the presence of high phase through the surface
morphology for the samples under study.

31

Study and calculation the concentration of radon gas in Tarmia city, North Baghdad

Pages: 176-179 English

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32

Study The Effect of Temperature on The Efficiency of Silicon Solar Cell

Pages: 180-184 English

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33

Velocity measururment of liquid flow by using Laser Doppler Velocimetry(LDV)

Pages: 185-194 English

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Abstract

In this research, laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV)apparatus used to measure velocity of liquid flow .Doppler
signal originated by scattered &reflected light (by moving small glass beads with flow liquid) which detected by
photodetector as electrical signal in time domain (voltage-time on the oscilloscope) that is by unique wave shape
of Doppler signal which appears as burst shape (packet wave) differs from other waves (resulting from noise
produced by chopping of two intersected laser beams by small glass beads &air bubbles). Doppler signal can
also be recognized by spectrum analyzer (voltage-frequency) as a high peak at a distinct frequency which differs
from other peaks that are with low values peaks belongs to the noise

34

Evolution of the optical properties of PVA films filled with Sodium Iodide

Pages: 195-200 English

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Abstract

Transparent films of polyvinyl alcohol with different doping Sodium Iodide concentrations were prepared by
using solution cast technique. The optical absorption measurements were carried out for all samples at room
temperature across the wavelength regions. The study has been also extended to include the changes in the
optical parameters including the band tail width and band gap energies for the samples; It was found that the
optical absorption is due to direct and indirect transitions, and the optical energy gaps values shifted to lower
energies on sodium iodide concentration for all transitions. Also absorption spectrums after annealing for three
hours at temperature are investigated. Moreover, the study of complex refractive index showed
dependence on dopant concentrations.

35

A simple Model for Estimating Solar Radiation on Horizontal Surfaces

Pages: 201-204 English

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36

The Response Of The Nuclear Track Detectors To Some Of Etching and external Parameters

Pages: 205-215 English

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Abstract

The aim of this paper to find the effect of some etching parameters, like(the time and angle of irradiation of
etching, time of radiation, angle of radiation incident , temperature and concentration of etching solution, type of
detector, type of etching solution and the energy of incident particle ) on registers properties of nuclear track
detectors , diameter and number of tracks, the bulk etching velocity
VB , track Diameter growth velocity VD , track etching velocity VT , etching ratio V , efficiency η , sensitivity
S , and the critical angle θC .We find the diameters of alpha particles tracks emitted from 226Ra source with
energy 5.48Mev increase with increasing the etching time ,the temperature of etching solution while it is
decrease with increasing on incident radation and the energy of incident particle ,there was no effect of radiant
time on tracks of alpha particles. Beside, it is noted that the larger tracks were found in CN-85 , LR115 , PM355,CR-39 detectors respectively keeping the other variables to be stable.The effect the KOH is more than
NaOH solution, no effect in etching time irradiation angle, the energy of incident particle, and radiant time on
bulk Etching Velocity VB whose values varying when temperature , concentration and type of detectors were
changed . regarding numbers of tracks its increases with increasing the temperature, concentration of etching
solution to a particular point and then it gets reversed , that is the numbers of tracks stars decreasing. The
numbers of tracks increase with increasing the etching time, irradiation time and energy of incident particles.
Finally we find the numbers of tracks decrease with increasing the radiation angle..

37

Magnetic and magnetostrictive properties of Co(1-x)ZnxFe2O4 nanoparticles produced by co-precipitation method

Pages: 216-222 English

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Abstract

Co(1-x)ZnxFe2O4 (x = 0-0.5) nanocrystalline powders were prepared by co- precipitation method. The crystal
structures and magnetic properties of the samples products were identified by x-ray diffractometer and vibrating
sample magnetometer, respectively. XRD analysis reveals that Co(1-x)ZnxFe2O4 nanocrystalline powders occurred
during a cubic spinel structure. The vibrating sample magnetometer investigations indicate that the saturation
magnetization and the magnetic moment values increase with increasing Zn-content. The increase of saturation
magnetization and magnetic moment is related to the strong magnetic property of Zn2+
. The coercive field of the
samples varies linearly from 1137.77 Oe to 33.31 Oe. The decrease of coercive field is ascribed to the decrease
in the content of Co2+ on the B sites. The results show that x = 0.5 in Co(1-x)ZnxFe2O4 is an optimum composition
with superior magnetostrictive properties for many applications.

38

Modeling and study the Physical properties of a Thermal Actuator for Micro-Electromechanical systems (MEMS) Applications

Pages: 223-229 English

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Abstract

The paper introduces a study of one of the most components coupled in the Micro-electromechanical system
(MEMS) devices, the thermal actuator. In this study a type of micro thermal actuators modeled by commercial
finite element analysis (FEA) package ANSYS.
The study includes design of polysilicon micro thermal actuator and study of thermal and mechanical actuating
by an electrical load. A potential difference applied across the electrical connection pads induces a current to
flow through the arm and blade. The current flow and the resistivity of the polysilicon produce Joule heating
(I2R) in the arm blade. The Joule heating causes the arm and the blade to heat up. Temperatures in the range of
700 - 1000 oK generated. These temperatures produce thermal strain and thermally induced deflections. All the
results of nodal temperatures and mechanical deflections listed and the maximum and minimum values
illustrated for each reaction using the nodal solution contour plots and graphs. The Electric potential- Nodal
temperature, and Nodal Temperature-Deflection curves graphed to illustrate the behavior of electro-thermal
mechanical inducing

39

The Fabrication and Characterization Superconducting of Compound Hg 2-x Tlx Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+δ

Pages: 230-234 English

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Abstract

The samples of high temperature superconductors of the type (2223), (Hg 2-x Tlx Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+δ ) have been
prepared through the method of solid state reaction process. The study deals with the effect of substitution of Tl
in Hg with different rates (x = 0.0 – 0.4) at variable sintering temperature , sintering time and annealing at 850
0C for 12 hours , at average heating 2 0C/min. The best Tc value obtained for the compound was x = 0.2 .
The results of x-ray test for the samples show that the Crystal structure is atetragonal structure. The samples
contain a high ratio of Hg-2223 superconducting phase. The substitution of Tl with Hg leads to the increase of
the grain size of superconducting phase .

40

A study of Macro Fossils (Bivalvia) From Fat'ha Formation (Middle Miocene) at Shaqlawa area, Northeast of Iraq

Pages: 235-241 English

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Abstract

The bivalvia shell have been systematically described from Fat'ha Formation in the Shaqlawa area at the
northern limb of Safen anticline that extended about 50 Km, parallel to the Zagros series which generally
trending northwest-southeast direction.
More than 20 Sample were collected from the carbonate unit and seven species belonging to six genera and six
families were characteristic in the current study representing by: Nuculana minima, Ostera bellovacina,
Ostera semiplana, Mytilus edulis, Glycymeris obovata, Parastarte sp. and Pecten sp.
This species are indicating that the carbonate beds in the studied section of Fat'ha formation were deposited in
the shallow marine between sub to inter tidal environment, under low salinity.

41

Soil Contamination by Heavy Metals in Floodplain of Qweik River, Aleppo, Syria

Pages: 242-249 English

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Abstract

The Fe, Cd, Cu, Mn, and Zn heavy metals in 48 samples from the soil of the floodplain at the midstream of the
Qweik River, south of Aleppo City, near Al-ISS village have been investigated by using atomic absorption
spectrophotometer.
The results showing that; the range of Fe between (2.1- 147.2 ppm), below the high limit of the soil and the
relative high abundance of Fe in the first two stations closed to the river channel and enriched with organic
matter enrichment.
The Cd concentration in the studied samples with a wide range (1.1- 9.2 ppm), higher than the standards in the
soil and that may due to irrigation by sewage wastewater during long period of time.
The Cu concentration between (1.8-14.2 ppm) which is less than standards and the relative high concentration in
the first two stations may associated with enrichment of the soil with organic matters. Also, Mn concentration
between (0.1- 68.2 ppm) and Zn between (0.3- 8.6ppm), which are both below the standard limits of the soil
contents. The wide range of these two elements may related to the high concentration of organic material in the
first two stations

42

On some Bivalvia From Fat'ha Formation (M. Miocene) at Sheikhan Anticline, N. Iraq

Pages: 250-256 English

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Abstract

The present study comprises identification and description of some bivalvia from Fat'ha Formation at the
northern limb of Sheikhan anticline, north of Iraq.
Six species belonging to six genera and four families have been identified. These are: (Mytilus californianus,
Nemocardium hantoniense, Paphia (Paphia) undulata, Clementia papyracea, Mactra (Allomactra) sp. and
Clausinella sp.).
The first three mentioned species were recorded for the first time in Iraq.
The identified species are characterized by having small- to medium- sized shells. The shell size variability is
most probably reflects different environmental factors, such as salinity fluctuation, insufficient oxygen and food
supply, which maybe due to the lack of current action. These condition refer to shallow marine water.
Therefore Fat'ha formation is more likely deposited in shallow water semi-closed Lagoonal environment.

43

Strain Analysis of Injana Formation at Durbendbazian Anticline /Northern Iraq

Pages: 257-261

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Abstract

Durbendbazian Anticline locates at the Southwestern city of Sulaymania about 50 Km. north of Iraq. The
objective of the study is to identify the strain state in Injana Formation, which locates on southwestern limb of
Durbendbazian Anticline, by using Fry method technique.
The results of the study showed that the orientations of the shortest axis E3 is in NE -SW direction, while the
orientations of the intermediate E2 and the longest E1 of strain ellipsoid axes are in parallel and inclined
directions with the fold axis. The Results of Flinn diagram represented from strain ratios indicate that the strain
ellipsoids have oblate shapes with (K- value) less than one. From this study, we can conclude that the studied
area subjected after sedimentation of Injana Formation to biaxial negative strain by effect of two stress
components. The first was in northeast-southwest direction caused by compression stress resulted from the
oblique collision of Arabia and Eurasia as a major stress component affected perpendicular to the fold axis of
Durbendbazian Anticline. Whereas the second one acted along the fold axis and resulted by stress component
parallel with plate margin due to oblique collision of Arabian and Eurasian plates. The effect of the second stress
component is evident in curving manner of the fold axis.

44

Some Applications Of Generalized Pre Regular Sets In Intuitionistic Fuzzy Topological Spaces

Pages: 262-267 English

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45

Topological Properties of Some Types of Spaces

Pages: 268-272 English

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46

J – Class composition operators

Pages: 273-279 English

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47

A Modified for Largest Processing Time Scheduling Algorithm in Multiprocessor

Pages: 280-283 English

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Abstract

The research reviewed new priority allocated to the independent tasks in the graph in the modified algorithm for
largest processing time scheduling algorithm in multiprocessor. Schedule length was taken criterion in
determining the efficiency of the algorithm. The priority was calculated from the proportion of task's execution
time to the total execution time for all tasks in the graph and then arranged in descending order. Practical side
was simulated by computer program in Visual Basic 6 language. A modified algorithm is more efficient than
shortest processing time scheduling algorithm. In practical side confirmed efficiency of modified algorithm by
selecting free of first task from set of tasks in graph through scheduling.

48

Solution of Fractional Integral Equation with Weaker Boundary Conditions

Pages: 284-286 English

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49

On-MC-Functions

Pages: 287-289 English

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50

A Comparison between LBFGS and a free self-scaling VM algorithms for unconstrained optimization

Pages: 290-297 English

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