journal of the college of basic education

We find that our poet Ibn Khafaja Al- Andulesy ( 451-533 H) was researching on beauty in every thing , but finally , he stabled in the bosoms of nature that he was drawing its features through his poetry. It is worthy to mention that he amazing the receiver in and after his age then described by ( Al- Janan) m because his peoptry considers a various technical portraying aesthetics that nature , and we must indicate in the field that our research is not in science of aesthetic as being a philosophical subject, but it is in the aesthetic itself as being a subject make the receivers pleasure affecting by this rich fortune of beauty givings that the nature available for this poet. Thus he was researching on it by the figure that distinguished him on others rambling by his tasting for this beauty in pictures of beauty adding for them much from his imagination and feelings and being the only person love this nature , and this what the research tried to discover and also on some nagetive impacts that concluded because the subject of the poet under nature beauty control on him without this effect on his poetry , especially that the subject of beauty itself representing a positive trend make the man be high on all individual desires and selfishness and this is what Ibn Khafaja represented in his poetry and what he portrating of pictures as a single and full of every thing beautiful in this life reaching to a state of intellectual imagination that made objects talking and then conversation with them.

Novel (loved you more than it should be) is a feminine novel considered as a clear imprint in the feminist novelist Arab art that includes elements of a successful novelist experience especially character element, the focus of research, character in the novel raises problematic love and loyalty, affiliation and non-affiliation, Tender the denial, in the eastern persons which looks like a syndrome among the Eastern women inherited as a genetic fingerprint breed with her
Going research on methods of forming characters within the text to stand on their criticism patterns and divisions to (a main character , secondary character and subcharacters ) as well as standing on the four methods generally accepted in the provision of such character information, and to highlight the uniqueness or excellence that has been achieved for this novel in the provision of its characters, as well as style linguistic or container expressionist which used by novelist and her choice to express the intellectual content of these characters
Research finally dicuss the narrative forms of characters and their relationship with the point of view (Focalisation) through a variety of narrative formats, as well as stand on the significant technical and expressive use of pronouns in the novel .

Were expressed on the neighboring and followers and Rhoda palatable in the book of God, and the language of the Arabs, and the reason for this type of expressing moral is the will of improvement, and neighbors - we - kind of rhetoric and eloquence Kalchbah and borrowing and alert and nodding and metaphor and so on, and eloquence of the most demands language, was transferred imams Arab issues expressed on neighboring and followers in the writings and statements, and was attended by followers and neighboring Arabs felt and their words, though stop some of this issue's position rejecting her interpreter those contained exegesis proper meaning, and some of them restricted to audio from the words of the Arabs; because the movement of neighboring not a movement building, not express movement, but movement is brought in for the occasion between the neighboring Allfezan moral intent conformity and harmony in the movements with meaning and health statement. A fact that exists in our language does not deny, was this research is going on in orbit.
After, I hope that I have been able to give this issue right from the search and display and statement, I also Fbtofik of God, albeit other Vhspa in that I preached, I hope in the mercy of God, that yes, Lord, yes respondent.

There are some questions that raise intellectual movement among both classical and modern philosophers.
That is how the knowledge of the man is originated? And how his mental life is formed with all it’s richness in ideas and concepts? What is the source that supplies the man with this stream of thinking and perception?
and in order to study the subject of Safa Brothers’ Messages, the owners of the tenth century encyclopedia, this research has resulted Which dealt with the basic knowledge sources of the Safa Brothers. As well as the study of perception and its components, the extraction theory, and finally the study of knowledge value according to them.
In this way the research was able to clarify knowledge theory according to them as well as thoughts and opinions in the subject that a light can be shed upon them by the pens of the researchers to enrich the human intellectual heritage.

The Jewish community in Iraq, with roots entrenched in the history of Mesopotamia from the communities that have had an important role in many of the events experienced by Iraq through its long history, has defined this community to its activity in most areas of political, economic and social development in Iraq. To this, discuss this intentionally to reveal the history of the Jewish community in Iraq, and the extent of its contribution to the process of establishing the modern Iraqi state, which came into being in 1921 as a result of the accumulation of a lot of events, on the joint efforts of all communities and sects of Iraqi society. Which was formed based on the decisions of the Cairo Conference in March 1921, which was chaired by Sir (Winston Churchill), Minister of the British colonies, was among those such as Iraq at this conference a number of significant figures in Iraq, including (Sasson Yeheskel) was the first Minister of Finance of Iraq, which has contributed in After the design of policies to Iraq's economic and financial. The research aims to highlight the role of the Jewish community in building the Iraqi state in various fields, and that by showing the efforts of many prominent Jewish actors, which provided a good life in the various parts of the country's political, economic, legal, and cultural and others. The research reviews the role of the community in the public service of the fledgling Iraqi state, and how had helped in the development of the foundation stone for many institutions of modern Iraq.

Climate was not stable fixed in an area of the earth through geological and human history of the land, but was changed and the total turnover (coup in climate, the sense of his transformation from a wet to a dry or hot to cold and vice versa) or partial (climate tendency towards drought that was wet, and about The humidity was about Java or warmth that was cool, or cold towards that was warm) and such a change is through a long period of time in excess of climatic cycle (35 years old ... etc.) may be up to a period of hundreds of years until the effects of that change and transformation show climate in the natural environment and geographical environment. (15)
Where it prints shift the natural environment distinctive character, Like the climatic changes that have occurred in Albilostosen from about the fourth time since the (2250) a thousand years ago, and, as in the case of changes or transformations that hit the climate in the Middle Ages in the first millennium AD. (14)
Scientific studies have shown that climate change (Climate Change) and saw the Earth throughout its long history major climate changes Successive the ice ages and periods gases and that these changes were very slow and took place over thousands and hundreds of thousands of years and climate change, a big change in temperature rates and rain During the ice ages ice creep from the poles toward the minimum offers, causing the low temperature of the earth, and covered the ice and large areas are estimated to weaken what it is now, with an estimated ice area of about 16 million km 2 (10% of the dry area) and was followed by creeping plants and trees to the south in the Northern Hemisphere land with shrinking deserts and high humidity in the greenhouse periods opposite happened rose warming and sea ice recedes and crawled with plants and trees around poles, and expanded deserts, and increased droughts, heat waves and climate change occurring imperceptible as it progresses very slowly, and the intervening periods or vibrations climatic short, there has been a during the ice Age relatively warm periods but Malbutt that ended without the change of the presence of the ice age. (18)

Keen Morocco in terms of attachment to the Arab and Islamic identity ، to build a solid relationship with Islamic countries ، the geographical dimension of the area of the Maghreb from the Arab Gulf and the Arab and Muslim world the depth of making the political class in Morocco isolated from all the fears that many of the Arab regimes in the Gulf direction Republic Control Iran's Islamic .
The Foundation of the Royal Moroccan crucial role in determining the major trends ، particularly in the strategic and sensitive files Moroccan diplomacy ، including the normalization of relations with Iran file، if available objective conditions at the regional and international levels، encourage the Royal Institution to give the green light for diplomacy to embark on such a move. The larger challenge in front of the Moroccan diplomacy is to seek to achieve full independence in decision-making ، away from the influence of regional and international hubs ، And to distance itself from conflicts and disputes on the basis of sectarian polarization dispersion force of the Islamic nation and cracks occur between people. The convergence between the two factors remain available which requires the parties to take advantage of these possibilities exist for the development of interaction between the two countries and the exploitation of all these opportunities .

Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and completed delivery of the Holy Prophet and his family and companions.
Aims Current search to identify the impact of the use of short reports in the collection of students first grade average in the material history of ancient Iraq and for the investigation of that chose researcher secondary Alazdhar of the Directorate of Education in Diyala, which contains two divisions of the first row average if the number of students of the two groups( 48) student , examined the experimental group using short reports and the control group in the usual manner as in the teaching of history.
Rewarded researcher among students groups statistically intelligence and chronological age and after the end of the experiment researcher prepared achievement test type of test-page 30, paragraph objective to measure the historical information and the researcher used the test remote (test - te) for the two samples independent at the level (0.05) and the results showed outweigh the experimental group on the control group students then recommended a researcher.
The need to use the method of short reports in the teaching of history.

The existential emptiness and widespread phenomenon in today's world and some even expressed Basab era. This phenomenon represents a mixture of feelings of emptiness and emptiness and boredom and boredom and helplessness and Allajdoy felt by the people of this era. The existential emptiness is one of the basic psychological concepts and events indicated by the existentialists. As for the existential void with mental health relationship. The pursuit of human innate about the search for meaning in his life and to achieve is given by mental health. The individual's sense of happiness and satisfaction and success in life and confront the psychological pressure successfully as possible to achieve mental health. The current research aims to identify. . 1. existential vacuum measurement parameters to the widows.
2-measurement of mental health with the parameters of widows
3. knowledge of correlation between the existential emptiness and mental health.
The current research is limited to (parameters widows) in the city (Khanaqin and Muqdadiyah). In Diyala who work in mixed and non-mixed primary schools of the Directorate of Educational Diyala province for the academic year (2014/2015 m). As it reached the current sample (100), the widow of a teacher. Who Termlnh after 2003 to 2013 .. and when data is
1-sample that current research does not have a vacuum and Judy
2-The sample current research enjoy mental health.
3. There is no existential void between mental health relationships among a sample Current search. In the
The light of the results presented researcher number of recommendations and suggestions

This study aimed to identify the students' attitudes towards Diploma reform and rehabilitation program in the training and development of Correction and Rehabilitation Centers in Jordan، the study tried to answer the following main question: What trends studying Diploma in reform and rehabilitation program in the training and development centers Center reform and rehabilitation in Jordan about the program، the study has been used descriptive analytical method، and in this study were selected members of the study sample intentional manner and number (50) and he studied schools.

The study population of students in the Diploma of reform and rehabilitation program in the training and development of reform and rehabilitation centers in Jordan، who numbered Center (50) individuals، have the results of the study showed that students trends after a good selection of the study and the desire when the estimates are high in after the level of the services provided to students in the center was average while came after management culture between Mrtah and medium-in after the planning of the study and a commitment to high and average attendance، as the study showed that there is no statistically significant differences between the views of scholars direction Diploma reform and rehabilitation due to the military rank and years of experience and educational qualification variable. The researcher has made a number of recommendations in the light of the results of this study، including the need for increased attention to the preparation of the human element and the development of reform and rehabilitation centers، lecturers from specialists and provide the physical capabilities to hold such courses and further research and studied.

The research clarifies a number of targets, including a measure of decision-making and personal mature at Baghdad University students as well as knowledge the differences between two variables among university students according variable and knowledge of the nature of the correlation relationships between variables. The researcher has depended on two measures, (a measure of decision-making) and (a measure of mature personality) concerning scientific conditions that used in the construction of the two psychological measures. The investigations were verified of validity and reliability of two measures. The construction sample has used for these measures since it reached for (400) students. The researcher adopted the theory of (cognitive dissonance of Lyon Vistinker) in variable decision-making and also on the theory of (Gordon Albert) Trait theory in variable mature personality. The researcher develop many of the previous studies and use appropriate statistical methods and using statistical and psychological bagful of Social Sciences (SPSS) to get to the search results have shown the following search results:
1. Baghdad University students enjoyed with the ability to make a decision.
2. There were not statistically significant in the decision-making capacity at Baghdad University students according to gender variable males and females.
3. Baghdad University students enjoyed with mature personality.
4. There are statistically significant differences in the mature personal differences according to sex variable and in favor of males.
5. There is a positive correlation between the two variables relations decision-making and mature personality.

The current research targeted a known The impact of paper one minute strategy in achievement and innovative thinking when teaching fourth grade at the meeting literary students, and to achieve the aim of the research and to achieve the aim of the research was coined researcher two zero the following: -
1. There is no difference is statistically significant at the level of 0.05 between the arithmetic average of the scores of the experimental group and the arithmetic average students for grades students in the control group achievement test.
2. There is no difference statistically significant at the .05 level between the arithmetic average of the scores of the experimental group and the arithmetic average of the grades students control group students in the selection of innovative thinking.

Represent society Current search students in the fourth grade literary junior high school and high school for boys in the day the General Directorate for Educational Baghdad / Alrsafah first academic year (2014-2015).
The number of students of the final sample (17 students) and by (34) students in the experimental group, and (33) students in the control group.
Researcher has equated the two students in a number of variables that can have an impact with the independent variable in the results of the experiment, the researcher identified before the start of the experiment the scientific material that will be examined by the two sets of research, and have included three chapters of the book of sociology fourth grade literary scheduled to be taught and coined the behavioral objectives have numbered (100) behavioral goal and promising researcher own two sets Find lesson plans, the two tools promising research consisted test grades, and adopted the choice of Torrance for innovative thinking.
And after the application of tools to research sample reached outweigh the experimental group students to the control group students in achievement and innovative thinking, and recommended that the paper one minute strategy to adopt in teaching of sociology fourth-grade students literary, and proposed a similar study and the other variables such as direction and self-confidence.

The research aims to identify the nature of the relationship between the disorders after the pressure shock and the behavior of violence the primary school pupils, sample consisted of (120) students, the rate of (60) students, and (60), a pupil of Schools Directorate Rusafa first in the city of Baghdad, the researcher built two tools: a measure Disorders pressure after the shock consists of two parts: {Part I consists of a diagnostic (14) items, and the second part is used to measure and consists of (32) paragraph}. The measure of school violence and consists of (32) and paragraph two areas: violence against peers, and violence against property, and consists of every part of (16) items. Has been verified Psychometric properties of two measures: the verification of validity in two ways: face validity, and internal consistency, reliability has been verified in split- Half. And use statistical means the following: (Pearson correlation coefficient, educational Administration to test one sample, and test educational Administration for independent samples, Spearman Brown correction). Reached the following results:
1. Low level of disorder after the pressure shock to the primary school students. 2. The behavior of the high levels of school violence the primary school pupils. 3. There are differences in the level of unrest after the pressure shock, according to the gender variable in favor of females. 4. There are differences in the level of the behavior of school violence, according to the gender variable in favor of males. 5. There is a positive correlation between disorder and strong post-traumatic.

A field study aimed at the degree of organization confidence in the colleges of education the University of Baghdad.The researcher used descriptive analytical method, and the research population. Consists of (339) Administrators, and a random sample was selected represent (66.076%) of the research population which consisted of (224) individuals.And built questionnaire included (60) items distributed between the fields of study, and confirmed the validity and reliability. The data has been analyzed the data by using the (SPSS) program.The researcher applied the questionnaire in the first semester of the academic year 2014-2015.The results were analyzed and discussed according to the fields of study, a confidence college regulations and leadership, relationships, and attention to workers, and interest in the work and productivity, and empowerment of the workers.

The aim of this study was to construct a criterion-referenced test in educational research, using item-response theory (IRT), applying One-Parameter Logistic Model. The test consisted of (48) MCQ with four alternative items. The subjects of study were (220) students in the Faculty of Education, in Mahweet-Yamen. The results showed that all test items proved the assumption of the model except (4) items, that were deleted. The estimates of difficulty and discrimination parameters were acceptable. Results also showed that (7) subjects were excluded because they were misfit the model. Parameters estimates of subjects ranged between (-2.659) and (2.812) logit.

Stimuli effectiveness of teaching aids in the development of the technical capacity of secondary school students in the technical configuration items
We live in a world of compound called a portrait , and the life we live picture of the various sciences that constitute the lifeblood of the community is an image , and all that we receive or we perceive of information , experience and skills come to us through the optical image first, then the other wizards of matters and other audio that comes from by addressing the senses of all the vocabulary of the environment in which we live .
In the last three decades of the last century has become a visual image that reckon the most important component and a researcher for the reaction and the reaction in humans , we have strengthened the modern technologies and means of communication and tools contemporary , which became known in our modern culture of the image in various areas that the culture of the visual image is an important part of the general culture the components of the prevailing culture of the community , affecting the attributes and characteristics of the community and its quality , and therefore the type and nature of visual culture works on the extended community viable form reversal to their growth and development .
The importance of culture moot ( visual ) in the community , serves as the conceptual basis for the technical and aesthetic awareness , that all areas of art they represent a kind of social consciousness can not be separated from the practice of performance and awareness of it.
That the link between what you do image that expresses the cognitive aspects of the image that reflect aspects of cognitive performance , and what is reflected on the receiver by turning the event into a set of symbols and meanings and novelist that have a correlation relationship to society , education, and other fields.
The goal of the current search to: detect the role of teaching aids in hydration artistic and creative abilities of students in middle school. Through the design of an educational program adoption of teaching aids for the development of artistic and creative abilities of students in middle school
The current research results may be useful to educational institutions that work on the rehabilitation of basic school stage by revealing the role of teaching aids in the development and improvement of education and its role in changing patterns of Education, which is characterized by the teacher in the age of technology which represents the atheist and the twentieth century feature.
The researcher concluded: that teaching aids Tsa'daly provide an opportunity for sensory experiences are as close as possible to the real experience. They are working to provide a real alternative or realistic experiences, and bring reality to the minds of students to improve the level of education, and the use and employ a variety of means in the classroom learning and working in an integrated manner to provide deeper and learn a greater impact and stays longer time. Experience has shown that the more senses involved more in the teaching and learning process whenever the yield of greater knowledge, experience and employment of educational technology helps to reduce the time it takes to transfer the information, skills and experience for the students, which leads to alleviate the material cost as well.
The researcher recommended the introduction of modern teaching methods are interested in supporting the educational process, and contribute to the development of educational capacity employing educational technology.
The researcher suggested, develop competencies teachers of basic stage in the recruitment of educational technology and the use of educational aids in the teaching process

The present paper aims at knowing the most important obstacles faced
by educational instructor along with his personal characteristics that suited with nature of his job. This could have been carried out by building scale of obstacles and scale of personal properties. Results of reliability and consistency have come with high degree that confirmed accuracy of current research's results in applying scale of building. The present paper has included responses of sample participants according to items of tasks and personal characteristics scales based on the scale of (Lekirt) with indicating its significance and to rectify these responses in accordance with (cutoff point). It has appeared that most results of Educational instructor obstacles scale tend to be negative trend by exception of educational instructor level promotion. Whereas results of personal characteristics' s scale tend to be positive trend in most of its items. Thus , the present paper's results have included relationship between the scale results that gave multi-boundaries sample resulted into achieving and accomplishing a relationship of high spirituality at level less than 0.01, while personal characteristics scale got high at intermediate level 75% as to begin gradual slope in return for minimum slope of personal characteristics scale. Besides that , The study results have been indicated , by studying relationship of demographic properties of sample with responses of obstacles and personal characteristics responses for educational instructors, that there has been a relationship indicates to decline responses of females at the scale of tasks obstacles and personal properties at level 0.01 and 0.05. Consequently, similarity of sample participants in accordance with classifying specialization coefficient pertaining to tasks scale and declining of response level in educational instructors specialization at scale of personal characteristics with indication less than 0.01. In respect to years of services, results have indicated that there is a significant decision at level 0.05 for the tasks obstacles scale and have indicated that there has not been significant differences at distributing responses within scale of personal characteristics with different ages of sample participants. The present paper includes a set of recommendations to carry out a study, identical to the present one, on other studying stages and to compare results of this study with the current study. All the statistical calculations are accomplished by (SPSS) - Ver. 10.0.

The research aims to introduce the electronic book as one of the important electronic information sources, used in Universities libraries and information centres.
Also sheds light on the most prominent features, importance in university education, Forms design and reader devices.
Also it aims to introduce the actual usage by the teaching staff members in the institute of management, Al-Rusafa to support the educational process, and to discover the main usage motive and to identify problems and obstacles that hinder its optimal usage.
The research depends on the survey methodology considered as the most suitable curricula to the research subject.
The information have been collected through a questionnaire given to the teaching staff who are representing the research main community to talling (65) teaching members.
The main findings reached by the research are:-
1. The most important reasons for the use of e-book amounted to (%92) which fit on multimedia such as (fees of animated, images, video clips and sound effects). The lowest percentage amounted (%71) for its potential to control and adjust the electronic text.
2. The research has shown that the benefit from the possibility of browsing for some books during the lecture giving it thrill element and away from conservation and indoctrination routine, this form a higher percentage amounted (%89).
3. The important motive for use the e-books, percentage amounted (%92) and that for the shortened time and effort in searching for information.
The most important recommendations are:-
1. The need for a good digital infrastructure in the library through extentsion internal networks and the possibility of external communication devices necessary for computer operating systems.
2. The need to provide the institute library with e-books to suit the needs of faculty members and their scientific specialties that are available on disks or downloaded via the internet.

When E. M. Forster first visited India in 1912-1913 the political scene was relatively peaceful after the many strokes of violence that had taken place few years before his visit . The violent events emanated from Curzon's attempt to partition Bengal. The partition was a failure, and to subside the public reaction, the Indian Council passed Act of 1909 which guaranteed the Indians a seat in the higher provisional administration. The visit of king-emperor ,George V, to India in winter of 1911-1912 and his order to transfer the capital from Calcutta to Delhi was of special importance since it was an indication that England was no longer in need for a maritime escape route. 1
Long before the appearance of A Passage to India , about ten years before his visit to India , Forster was deeply concerned with imperial realities. He wrote many short stories and essays to The Independent Review which was founded by a group of liberals and whose policy was described as "to combat the aggressive imperialism and the protection of Joe Chamberlain; and to advocate sanity in foreign affairs and a constructive policy at home."2 His liberal views ,those of tolerance, good temper, sympathy and his belief in personal relationships which he presents in Howard End, are developed in A Passage to India to cope with the colonial situation with more emphasis on race relations.
During that time the idea of the independent India did not occur to Forster 's mind. He even did not anticipate any attempt, on the part of the Indians, toward home-rule movement. He came to India, optimistic as he was, believing in the potential of social criticism, to see the Englishman doing the work of empire, with less political than an exploratory spirit. He was attracted to India by personal relationship ;his friendship with Syed Ross Masood ,and by imagination; to see the continent and to understand the Indians whom he showed all means of courtesy and with whom he made mild human contacts.3

Extraposition can be defined as a process by which an element is moved from its normal position to another position that is at or near the end of the sentence. It is regarded as a stylistic rule, the failure to extrapose can result in awkward constructions that may even cause interpretation difficulties. It is mostly used in the formal writings more than in the informal ones.
The extraposition strategy is in general used with certain verbs such as (seem, appear, follow, …..) . It has two cases: extraposition of a clausal subject and extraposition of a clausal object. In addition, it has several syntactic constructions such as that-clause, infinitive and gerund.
This study is limited with studying the clausal subject extraposition and also it focuses on the use of the clausal subject extraposition in two selected registers: political speeches and religious speeches showing the cases and the forms of extraposition that are used in these two registers.
The issues that are going to be discussed are:
1. the concept of extraposition, its cases and syntactic constructions
2. the meaning of each case and construction
3. the reasons for using extraposition in general and its constructions in specific
4. the frequency of clausal subject extraposition in political and religious speeches
It has been found that the clausal subject extrapostion is used more in the political speeches than in the religious speeches. that -clause is used more than the other forms.

This paper is an attempt to investigate linguistic strategies of ideological manipulation in selected speeches of Iraqi politicians after 2003. The analysis focuses on identifying and describing the linguistic tools employed in the data .Furthermore, it tackles the social function of language practice and power in political discourse. To this effect, the researcher, specifically, analyzes the concept of Federalism according to two contradictory ideologies. To fulfill this task , the researcher adopts Van Dijk's socio-cognitive model (1995b;2006a ).
Based on the results of the analysis, the study revealed that there is a number of linguistic strategies to demonstrate ideological manipulation : fallacy , euphemism , lexical repetition ,compassion –move, warning and the like. The study arrived at the following conclusions: (1)linguistic manipulation can be considered an influential instrument of political speeches because political discourse is basically focused on persuading people to take major decisions; and (2) Language plays a vital ideological role because it is a tool by which the politicians can convey their agendas to the public employing the whole potentialities and intricacies of English to accomplish their objectives

Jokes can create an occasional picture of the world .It can break the known common script, violate norms or pushes them together .The interesting thing about jokes is the fact that they form some kind of altering of the logicality of our thinking.
Humor has always been a part of military life. Within the military , under the stress of military operations or training, spontaneous humor is a way to deal with the pressure and form bonds of common experience. Therefore, there is a huge body of humorous stories, cartoons, as well as songs and shows by comedians, all with the military as the theme and subject matter.
Service members and intelligence personnel always submit their comic musings to Reader`s Digest and such musings are usually published in a popular section entitled ( Humor in Uniform) which feeds from real and actual incidents , because humor is still the best way to cope with the stress of events. And since lexical ambiguity is the core of language - based jokes, this paper examines and reviews this ambiguity and the humorous effect presented by ( homonymy, paronym and polysemy).
A joke can be a helpful tool in the process of teaching and learning foreign languages .It is conducive and essential to learning as well as providing the language, definitions of linguistic phenomena and illustrating them with examples easy to understand and memorize.

Learning strategies are actions taken by the learner to assist in learning more effectively, i.e., it may represent planning, competition, conscious manipulation, and movement toward a goal. Social strategies have a great importance in EFL learning since they increase the language learner opportunity to use the language for communication with activities such as: going to movies, reading books or talking to those who speak English very well, etc.
This study aims at investigating Iraqi EFL students' use of social learning strategies. To achieve the aim of the study, the researchers have adopted a questionnaire that includes 30 items with the five point scale (always, usually, sometimes, rarely, never). The population of the study is fourth-year students at the Department of English/ College of Education for Women. The researchers applied the questionnaire on 80 students after modifying and changing certain items. In order to ensure the face validity, the questionnaire was exposed to a jury of experts in language and linguistics who agreed upon its validity and suitability. Twenty students were randomly chosen for the pilot study which revealed that the time needed to complete the questionnaire items was 45 minutes. As for the clarity of the items, it was noticed that most of the items were clear and the students found no difficulty in answering the questionnaire items. As for reliability, the items were divided into two halves (odd and even). Using the Pearson correlation formula, it is found out that the questionnaire reliability is 0.754. After applying the Spearman Brown formula, it was found out the questionnaire reliability is 0.859. This shows that the questionnaire is quite reliable and acceptable.
Using the Fisher's formula to manipulate the data statistically and establish the weighted mean for each item, it is proved that the participants use all the types of social strategies but with different weights. Some items of all the strategies (Asking questions, Cooperating with others, Empathizing with others, Seeking opportunities) are proved to be weak or unused by some of the students, such as items (8, 12, 17, 18, 19, 23, 26, 27, 28 and 29). At the end, conclusions, recommendations, and suggestions for further studies are put forward

This research preparation Nano polymer composites uses Epoxy& poly urethane blend at ratio (15%) and reinforcement Nano alumina at weight ratio (0,2.5,5,7.5,10)% & comparing with same blend reinforcement Nano Tatiana as same ratio .
Thermal Conductivity, (DSC) differential scanning calorimetry, heat capacity& Dielectric strength were calacute for Nano polymer composites.
The result showed an increase of Thermal Conductivity,glass transition temperature , heat capacity& Dielectric strength as increasing of ratio Nano particle ceramics & The value is higher for Nano silicon carbide composites and Photography surface by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) .

Tow hundrd seven samples were collected from some hospitals in Baghdad for all ages and both sexs. The results also showed that (68) isolate have been diagnosed as Pseudomonas aeruginosa from different sources
The ability of the isolates to produce biofilm were tested using two methods include,Congo Red Agar (CRA) was showed (16) isolate biofilm producer and (52) isolate not biofilm producer , While the second method for detection of biofilm poducer was microtiter plates (MTP) Showed the results (28) isolate biofilm producer and (40) not biofilm producer.
The selected isolates biofilm producer were subjected to sensitivity test against (17) antibiotics and the results showed that isolates in this study carry multiple- drug resistance , and then the resistant of bacteria gradually to other antibiotics until showed less was resistant to the Imipenem .
Dry imported bakery yeasts that are available in locally markets were used to obtain isolates of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae , Which included all of AY isolate from Angel yeast (Chinese origin ), MY isolate from Magestic yeast (Chinese origin ),PY isolate from Packmaya yeast (Turkish origin ) and LY isolate from Altunsa yeast (Turkish origin ) , Screening of yeast isolates filterates to selected more efficient isolate to producing inhibitors proteins by using well diffusion method to determine the impact of this these substances towards P. aeruginosa biofilm producer under study ,Unconcentrated filterates of the yeast S. cerevisiae isolates did not show any inhibitory effect against the bacterial isolates.

The present study was conducted on 40 females as control, their ages ranged between 40- 50 years.The patients group included 40 subclinical hypothyroid females, their ages were less than 40 years (20 patients), and between 40- 50 (20 patients), that visited the specialist center for Endocrine and diabetic that treated with Levothyroxine.The levels of TSH increased non significantly (p>0.05) in patients group (<40) years (6.28 1.52 mu/L) in comparison with control group (4.07 0.90 mu/L).But the values of TSH in both patients group were more than normal level of TSH (2.5 - 5 mu/L). The levels of T3 and T4 were within normal values (1.29 0.08 nmol/L); (76.37 3.36 nmol/L) in group < 40 years, while they were (1.32 0.4 nmo/L); (77.89 4.9 nmol/L) in patients group (40- 50) years, in comparison with control group (1.42 3.74 nmol/L) respectively. The values of RBCs, Hb, PCV% and RDW were not significant (p>0.05) in both patients group. MCV decreased significantly (P<0.05), (79.78 3.03 Ft) in patients group 40- 50 years in comparison with control group (86.39 0.93 Ft). MCH also decreased (p<0.05) (25.76 1.20) picogram in patients group 40- 50 years when compared with the control (28.45 0.37). The levels of MCHC% weren't significant in both hypothyroid groups (32.08 0.24); (32.12 0.04) in comparison with control (32.91 0.23). The white blood cells increased significantly (p<0.05) in the patients group (40- 50 years),(7.92 0.89 ×109cell/L);but the increase was within normal value (4.3 –10.8×109cell/L).The levels of arterial systolic and diastolic blood pressure weren't significant (P>0.05) in both patients group (<40); 40- 50 years in comparison with control.The increase in the BMI level (29.7 45), in the 40- 50 years group was significant (P<0.05) in comparison with patient group (<40 years), (26.27 1.26) and the BMI value did not differ significantly (p>0.05) in the 40 – 50 years group in comparison with control group.

The present work includes anatomical study for different species of two families:
1)Chenopodiaceae
Chenopodium murale L.
Halocnemum strobilaceum (Pall.)M.Bieb.
Haloxylon salicornicum (Moq.)Bunge ex. Boiss.
Salicornia herbacea L.
2)Compositae (Asteraceae)
Carthamus oxycantha M.B.
Launaea capitata (Spreng.)Dany
Launaea mucronata (Forssk.)Muschl.
Rechardia tingitana (L.)Roth.
The present research focused on many anatomical characters and studies comparatively , such as epidermis types , stomatal complexes , that were at most Aisocytic , Anomocytic & Anomtetracytic , except stomatal complexes of Haloxylon salicornicum was Brachyparacytic to upper surface only.

The research consists of studing three methods to control of Red Flour Beetle Trebolium Castaneum(Herbst) ,Which are Hermetic Storage ,exposure to sunlight and treatment of plant(Black Pepper),By using correspondence analysis and complete blocks design the best method is exposure to sunlight for control of Red Flour Beetle Trebolium Castaneum(Herbst)

The aim of current research to know The effect of the infusion of thinking skills within the knowledge content in Achievement of the material of Biology for the fourth grade science female
To achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher set up hypothesis as follows:- There is no difference with statistical sign at signify level (0.05) between the degrees of the experimental group of female students that studying according to of infusion of thinking skills within the knowledge content and median degrees of the control group of students that studying according to the normal method in Achievement of the material of Biology
the sample of search was selected at random from secondary al-Fouz to the Directorate General of Educational Baghdad / Rusafa And numbered (61) students distributed on the two groups of search chosen by appointment simple random , one experimental group (30 ) a student who studied according to infusion of thinking skills , while the control group (31) student who has studied in the normal method , Both groups were treated equivalently according to the variables (timing age, intelligence , previous achievement , previous knowledge) , The teaching plans of the tow groups had been adopted after exposing them to a group of arbitrators in the teaching methods ,was approved lesson plans for the two groups after a presentation to a group of arbitrators in teaching methods , as been building achievement test tool which consisted of (50) items , (47) of which type of multiple-choice and (3) essay, The researcher investigated the standard properties of these tools , and after the end of the experiment has been applied to the two sets of search tools , Results have been shown The presence of statistically significant differences in the behalf of the experimental group in the achievement of material the Biology
According to this, the researcher achieved a number of conclusions , recommendations and proposals.

1-There is no difference statistically significant at the level (0.05) between the mean of the first experimental group students who study according organizations planning and the mean of the second experimental group students who study according learning dimensions and the mean control group students who study according the classical method in achievement test of the subject of Biology.
An randomly sample had been selected of junior preparatory Saleh for male Directorate-General for Education Baghdad Rusafa / 3 (Sadr City), and reached (93) Distributors students into three groups ( two experimental and one control group) of (31) students per group, were Verification of equal three research groups in the variables (chronological age in months and collection former in the subject of biology, previous and biotechnology, information , and test mental ability).
The lesson plans approved for the three groups after a presentation to a group of the subject experts and methods of teaching and subject of and , psychology, measurement and evaluation, So a special tool and been built to their search an achievement test which consisted of (50), items (38) of which are multiple choice and (12) essay.
The academic year 2014 - 2015 by three lessons of each group in the week, and after the end of the experiment two tools had been applied on the three groups and Find the three groups, were used the following statistical methods (t-test for two independent samples, alpha- Cronbach coefficient, Pearson correlation coefficient, analysis of variance). The results showed:
1-There are one statistically significant differences for favor of the first experimental group on the second experimental group in the collection of subject of Biology effect size was (1.1) which is a great value.
2-There are a statistically significant difference in favor of the first experimental group to the control group in the collection of subject of Biology effect size was (1.8) which is a great value.
3-There are of statistically significant differences in favor of the second experimental group on the control group in the collection of academic subject of Biology effect size was (0.8) which is a great value.
Based on these results, the researcher recommended a set of suggestions.

The present study aims to investigate the effect of teaching using systemic thinking skills in the direction towards mathematics at the fourth-grade students preparatory , The study sample consisted of (54) students and distributed to two unequal divisions were randomly assigned to the experimental group studied according the Systemic thinking skills and a control group studied in the usual way , Was built scale trend toward mathematics like Likert scale triple be (30) paragraph ascertained its validity and reliability and has been to use test (t-test) for two independent samples for data processing as a result of the study showed: A statistically significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) between the mean scores of students of the experimental group and the control and the experimental group in the scale of the trend, which means that teaching using systemic thinking skills have been instrumental in the positive direction towards mathematics at the fourth grade students of science.

Around to 46 km 2 of the Elimination of Tikrit and Alalm city across the Tigris River was conducted radiation surveys during the second half 2012 by the mobile system GR-460 and the only in Iraq dedicated to the process of radiation survey, extension clades GPS device via satellite (GPS system ) so that the measurement points, coupled with the spatial coordinates.
After examining the administrative map of the site has been drawing a specific path of the ways the President and some of the side streets that are easy to pass the paths to carry out these surveys through the sites that have been destroyed by aerial bombardment and military operations after 2003, the total path lengths covered by the radiation survey limits reached 85 km were recorded data file over (6500) measuring point at atime rate of chronological point per second.
The results showed that the measurement of the overall level of the rate of radiation dose in the air and on the one-meter high (6.6μR / h) where the radiation dose levels ranging from the upper limit (6.8μR / h.) Versus the mobilization of science and Minimum her station (3.0 μR / h) Directorate of hand near the science and the general level of rates measurement within normal limits.

The digital image applications are widespread in the early seventies with the third generation of computers as provided speed and storage capabilities necessary for the practical application of image processing algorithms. Then, this field has grown rapidly and has become the subject of research for several disciplines such as engineering, computer science and information, statistics, physics, chemistry, and biology. In the current research, Spatial Domain Method and Image segmentation has been used by segmenting the image which it is one of the steps of image analysis of this method. It is done by splitting the image into several regions each region has one of the characteristics of homogeneity as if they are light intensity optical, color or Texture, in which of realizing and investigating image elements boundaries variations across the regions and reduce the differences within the region.
Often images, especially the Microscopic, are unclear because poor of lighting, or lack of clarity level "Gray level" between the parts is "object and background" (fiber and matrix in the current research), as a result of noise that often accompany the picture and that have a negative impact on the image information, so it is important to mitigate and remove its influence. In current research, samples of resin (polyester) reinforced by glass fibers has been used and pictures have been taken by camera connected to Microscope with zoom of 100 times been distinguished to the parts of the sample survey full filtration and account the statistical components sample for the purpose of knowledge the fraction volume and weight of the fiber and the matrix link as necessary information in the interpretation of mechanical properties of the composite material. MATLAB programming has used which assist to reach realistic results by a few errors when compared with conventional methods.

It cannot be possible to look at the process of receiving in isolation from the act of reading. Reading the play means that the recipient enters into a dialogue with the speech. This dialogue has an important part in giving the play its meaning and it is a result to the interaction between the text and the reader, especially since the recipient has become a part in the process of production of meaning through effectiveness of productive reading that the recipient accomplishes. But this also does not mean exclusion of message and speech of the show and its meaning and thus urging the power of (recipient/reader) but it means focusing on the process of interaction that will happen between both, which is similar; to a big extent, the process of interaction between the reader and the text.
So, if the actual place of the meaning of the speech lies between the text and the reader, then, it is clear that it is a result to the interaction between both. This means that the centre of the act of reading depends on the interaction between the show and the recipient, and this interaction is enough to make reading as productive and effective; as well as, it ensures the required communication between both sides.

The study under a title ( optical illusion and its Kinetic activity as a design method of the industrial product)
The subject of the optical illusion and its kinetic illusion in the industrial product via achieving the kinetic illusion and the aspect of coupling between the principles of the optical illusion and its theories or what is called the optical art, that is illustrated in the way of exploit the natural phenomena by the innovated artist and transferring it into optical art via utilizing data of optical senses, being engineering art distinguished from other engineering forms to utilize the visual effects of colored contrasts and differences and glowing, interference, reduction ,stretching and effusion of colors… etc.), that gives meanings of the industrial products, and this research has an important lies in:
Presents intellectual and achievement theories serve the students, and the researchers in the field of the industrial design and other aspects and their matches in specialization.
And the basic objective of this research is :
Specifying the activity of the kinetic and cognitive strength of the optical illusion and reflecting it on the design of the industrial product as design method.
As for the second chapter which includes three categories:-
The first category included: the optical art and its relation with the cognitive processes.
The second category included: effects of illusion motion and its role in the design processes of the industrial product.
The third category included: the motion and its role in the design processes of the industrial product.
The third category discussed the research procedures, where the researcher has used the description method( case study ) to reach the achievement of the research objectives after depending on the research community, and the depending a scientific standard of analysis which is designed and applied on the research sample included (5) samples chosen deliberately after preparing a form according which the basic analyzing pivots were specified and the researcher has reached to most important conclusions.
1- The color contrasts and differences have achieved effects to generate the optical illusion and activation the illusion motion.
2-The direction has formed design principle and effective factor to enhance the illusion motion.
3- Effect of the gathering principle to enrich the inspiration motion.
4- The color, light and tangible values are embodied in all the research samples for their effects in senses of adding the cognitive motion
As for the conclusions, which the researcher have reached as follows:
1- Colored and formal contrasts are the effective factors in achieving the optical illusion and the illusion motion for the effective ability of these contrasts to generate optical disorders and vibrations in the cognitive senses for the recipient.
2- Using the closing, similarity and closeness as practical principles of gathering to enrich the inspiration motion comes via its ability to stimulate the optical senses
3- Some of elements of( color, touch- light) to add the optical illusion of the optical emotions , these elements have, from which states of cognitive contrasts, generating the optical illusion
According to results and conclusions which the researcher has come up with a collection of recommendations and suggestions

This research deals with the study of (integration of interior design elements), the analytical spaces Internet cafes study this as it represents the importance of the users of this type of spaces and to afford the significance of the transfer of information to the user and what the scientific interest and also considered a place for recreation and entertainment was Find contain four seasons represented the first quarter included the research problem, a lack of spaces Internet cafes ideas design implemented by the owners of jurisdiction, which led to weak internal designs in these spaces, where they will address this problem by searching in the title (the integration of interior spaces) The importance of Search was in: -
1. Integrative idea is to improve the performance ( functional and aesthetic ) in interior design through technical integration relationship and clarify the role of the design on the receiver .
2. As the Internet cafes are one of the requirements of modern life , we find interest in them will be the focus of attention of the users of these places and reveal to us that the continuing relationship with other global technology communities
The aim of the research was to reveal the relationship of complementarity in the design of interior spaces for public buildings and down to achieve the technical integration in the internal spaces of the Internet cafes due to its specificity of these spaces. The limits of the research was the internal spaces of public buildings - the internet-cafes in the city of Baghdad, for the period from 2003- 2014 due For the development of these spaces in the city of Baghdad. Paragraph define the terms used in the research was Tlha either theoretical framework integration in the arts in general, including in the performing arts and the arts of configurable and integration in music and Kzpk integration of design elements in the interior spaces and the elements of design and scientific supplements and Altazanah.oma resulting theoretical framework based on indicators the basis of which the models analysis axes The third chapter represents in the previous study and research methodology, which included descriptive analytical approach and ensure description and analysis of the models and photos of models form a four models and charts ground for models either fourth chapter and ensure separation forms results extracted from the modeling analysis and paragraph findings and conclusions The recommendations and suggestions.

The art of fabrics and fashion of humanitarian Arts associated with their Ndhu first starch and passed Bhakb flourished and relapsed in other industry, so it is indicative of the paper's cultural, social and economic Nations, and became Applied designs techniques in textiles and fashion techniques that depend on a lot of states seeking to achieve economic growth so associated with development of scientific and technical winning in all humanitarian aspects
Here began the receiver choice of designs fabrics and fashion Tzenatha in a certain way and not spontaneously but depends on the objective and subjective factors of achieving compatibility with respects Alsichaeloger and physiological and different this choice of the genus to another, and reflected in the designs of fabrics and fashion historical figures and Tzenatha Van selected not on the basis Mathml forms design; it is the interaction of design relations with the receiver structure which reflects the integrated personal check attraction and excitement for the recipient, if it came Find coordinated with this interest to see Matbos Applied designs for fabrics and fashion historical figures techniques and knowledge of aesthetic and functional dimension of her in order to achieve taste special receiver and accordingly identified Find a problem following questionin
((Mamdy employment of modern technologies in the designs of fabrics and fashion historical figures)) mechanisms
It seeks to identify the approved achieved techniques, the detection of the most important techniques achieved the requirements of the integrated design structure of the fabrics and fashion historical figures highlight the importance of research by giving the privacy of historical figures which represent the cultural heritage of the community and set limits Search designs fabrics and fashion historical figures ((The Prophet peace be upon him )) and then select the researcher following terms (technical, practical designs, designs of fabrics, fashion design) put a special procedural definition for each term, and the second chapter deals with the theoretical framework and contains several sections and distributed as follows
First topic: innovation in fashion fabrics and designs
The second topic: Factors influencing the designs of fabrics and fashion
Applied designs role in the design of uniforms
Previous studies, either third chapter dealt with research procedures, follow researcher descriptive analytical method and represents the broadcast community b (3) a model diversified, was chosen the research community as a sample for research and that the small number of society in intentional either search tool Vtmthelt application form analysis offered on jurisdiction for owners Believe tool
The fourth chapter discusses the research findings of the researcher through the research samples, which dealt with the most important
1-appeared clear homogeneity in the samples design by employing the printing and applied designs in terms of colors and materials used 2-represented designs period of time or a certain time period belongs to the civilization of the Nile Valley, the fourth quarter also included the conclusions reached researcher and the most important of which showed that the actors of color has been enhanced color key to emphasize the harmony and balance in tonal and which prevailed in the design of optical values for the fashion and applied designs

Represents the shape as the element visible is important in terms of expression and significance and influence, in his place and time and location in the visual text (Graphic design) particularly the label as the means visual most influential in the receiver because it carries connotations and symbols, words and colors, etc., as well as digital technologies contemporary through computer software, especially programs that are related to Graphic design and regulate the movement of design elements and building relationships appropriate for display and function.
The digital technologies contribute to highlight the technical side and deal with all the freedom, including the use of color and image quality and build relationships between formal Graphic elements. This research sheds some of these artistic influences and software and to which the formal transformation as an important and active role in the formation of visual text (Poster art) in the contemporary world.
The focus of current research in almost all its attention on knowledge of the close connection to computer software transformations forms design for posters, where enrolled Search classes several, came the first chapter required for the research problem which manifested itself to ask several questions, as follows: Does the shift formal different function in the design in terms of significance , and meaning? Will contribute to the formal transformation to change the aesthetic and technical aspects of the real form (out of shape) and the tag known difference in digital design?.
The importance of research in the study of the visual impact of the changes and what it is in the form of digital design as a visual speech contemporary in design, and the role of the structural composition of the form as a sovereign center of the design and digital control mechanisms in the statement of objectives and aesthetics and meaning.
Search set a goal in the detection of shape shift in the role of digital design and the threat that the transformation of aesthetic and ideological connotations and psychological help in attracting receiver is around innovative design components and transmit digitally contemporary visual message.
Cared theoretical framework Bembgesan, touched first section (shift formal discourse optical), The second topic Vttriq the (fees computing (Computer Graphics)
In the third chapter has been described and analyzed (3) research samples, based paragraphs of analysis derived from the theoretical framework, and resulted in the indicators were as follows:
- Form and content and significance
- Elements Altibogravekah
- Design basis
- Formal relations
- Digital technology and computer software
According to the contents of each individual model, Chapter IV, has included a presentation of the findings of the researchers, and numbered (6) results, including:
1 - Digital technical diversity enriched morphological transformations and what the effects are functional and aesthetic in the establishment of new structural formal relations were not in fact exist in the environmental and cultural framework which it was derived.
2 - digital design software produced iconic forms contributed in shaping the idea through a combination of formal and significance of color. To check their transformations and its function as a formal Asalah through Onsagaha of semantic all of which came to increase the sensory appeal when the meditator for design work.
3 - metaphor formal achieved coordinated within the semantic approach Semiotics showed semantic visual discourse through formal transformation by digital design software.

the development of research in the arts field at the local and global level led to the recognition of the importance and value of the evaluation of the practical aspects due to the importance of the skills acquired by the learner during practice of art and this is what made the researcher to enter this field because of its scientific significance to stand on the sides of default and correct it , and sides of strengths to praise it then she adopted this problem in its search to establishing a model to evaluate the students works in the advertising techniques Department in the study of directing and colors
The current research aims to :
1. establishing a model to evaluate the works of students at advertising techniques Department/ college of Applied Arts in the study of directing and colors .
2. submitting the works of students (designing commercial advertisement) depending on the prepared model . this research follow the describing and analytical approach because it suitable for the research community for 70 advertising design which are works of the 4th stage / advertising techniques Department/ study of directing and colors for the year 2012-2013 as there was 18 design randomly choose as samples to the research which represent 25% of the research community . the research tool established as evaluating form to correct the works of the commercial advertising designs depending on The theoretical framework indicators and criteria of preparing the model such as Advertisement components and its preparation stages ,the goal of the design and the idea .the researcher depends on the procedures of Truthfulness and constancy in the evaluation form .
Pearson correlation coefficient was one of the most important statistical methods that the researcher depends on it to reach the results
The most important results of the research are
• The degrees of students in the evaluation degrees ranged between (62-73) degrees of (80) degrees and this considered a good because the students considered beginners in this field not professional designers
The most important conclusions are :
• The effectiveness of the prescribed form in this research, which includes steps to evaluate the design of printed works in the study of directing and colors within the prescribed curriculum of the fourth stage / advertising techniques Department/ College of Applied Arts which proves its superiority in evaluation .
The most important recommendations of the research are :
• Using the prescribed form, which has been tested in the study directing and colors to evaluate the works of students (advertising design) which approved its effectiveness , in evaluation especially by trainers of the subject and in evaluating the works of the fourth stage students

Linked to information technology today to life in all joints Is a prerequisite in order to improve the efficiency of administrative work Accounting for flexibility of movement and the ability to And provide technical information leading ability to work efficiently involves the ability to work efficiently
Operating information technology (it). With all the terms of reference as well as providing a great deal of communication between them in the industrial design cannot take a single step without these techniques They are inherent to the design work since the initiation to reach the final product Pat the day of the subsequent necessary scientific-up in the field of industrial design and communicate with him
So came this research (The use of information technology in industrial design) and touched on this vital subject.
The current research consists of two chapters first chapter
the research problem
Not to the effective use of information technology effectively for industrial designers in Iraq This was confirmed by my interviews Personal With designers in general and, in particular, designers As well as the lack of organization involves underneath designers in Iraq
Guarantee them communicate with one hand and with international designers and design centers, and information on the other hand,
As well as the communication and contact between the designers of hand
And lack of knowledge of the laws which they communicate information in a network control
Things from others and stand out so clearly spammers problem Current search
Exposure to the subject did not receive the attention and research.
The importance of research: summed up by:
1. The absence of a similar study in the same subject.
2. Find that delves into the subject of a very important, but which information technology, which is now an essential part of modern life.
3. addressed to the organic relationship between design communications technology today.
And select Search by researcher goal:
to answer questions About the nature and mechanisms of contact As well as the existence of common ground between the designers themselves,As well as the development of electronic communication and information to achieve effective performance of the finished design process.
determine objectively: Information Technology and Design
And temporally: limited temporal duration of the origination stage (sixties) to the present time.
In determining the terms were defined according to the information technology UNESCO definition.
In the second chapter shall be of three sections
The first topic, the emergence of information technology ,The second topic kinds of information networks ,The third topic development and information technology and design,The researcher concluded at the end of search on a group of Alahoshrat including:
The theoretical framework indicators
Through a review of the theoretical framework of the researcher to the following indicators:
1. has been associated with the emergence of information technology at the beginning of the sixties and the development of universities and research centers.
2. prevalence of ownership and protocols Valley and is pleased to network evolution.
3. .ugod public networks (the Internet) and specific such as intranet, extranet. Led to the speed and privacy of users.
4. The emergence of the principle of marketing through the network in all its types and designs products.
5. The development of the technology and design synonymous in light of the massive development taking place in the world.
6. The use of software and professionalism which has, become a necessity for the designer and passport entry into the world of information technology.
7. IT is based on two main pillars intellectual, a product design and development, program design, and the second pillar of production technology.
8. considered abandoning the old technology in the design, production and replace modern Petknlogia prerequisite for evolution in design and production.
The search resulted in the results was the most important:
1. .toffer IT transition from the traditional industrial methods,Means to interact with human activity directly to ensure the quality and effectiveness of the design.
2. Protect Intellectual designer rights and the possibility of optimal investment designs.
3. Knowing the products of designers ensures that it will start from where stylists in the world.
4. to connect and communicate with other designs,Lead to cross-fertilization of ideas and be a catalyst for new designs and partially or completely developed.
5. The information explosion and Chziha today,Made it difficult to get all the necessary information,There is therefore a need to set up a specialized Web sites dedicated to design for designers.
6. find private and public specifications allow Adjid sort of bad and identify efficiency design and marketing.
7. emergence of the principle of the production and marketing of information technology , He became the designers to communicate and compete.
8. the possibility of finding the pillars of contemporary techniques or provide some sort of global intellectual Contact
In the field of industrial design and products for the contemporary cross-connected system,Use the search in completing the search Twelve source, Eight of them Arab,And four foreign countries.

The current research aims to:
1 detection of artistic, educational and professional skills acquired by university teacher to the jurisdiction of art education in the period prepared for the teaching profession.
2 build a model to evaluate the university teacher skills according to the overall quality standards.
Determine the current search parameters and teachers of art education graduates of Basic Education College for the academic year 2010-2011, the overall quality and standards follow the descriptive approach in building research procedures being the most appropriate approaches to achieve the goal of the research. The research community (186) teachers to distributors (164) elementary school belonging to the Directorate of the first breeding Rusafa for the academic year 2010-2011. Was chosen for the first two types of samples (54) teachers representing the proportion (30%) of the original research community (sample reconnaissance). The second (80) teachers representing the proportion (43%) of the original community (major) as a sample. Calendar has been constructing a model of the comprehensive quality standards and obtained validity and reliability of the three Delphi rounds. Has become a tool in its final form consists of (5) key criteria and (39) includes a sub-standard (140) items distributed on these standards. The research found a set of results deduced from a number of the most important conclusions: that the quality of education was moderately when evaluating the quality of the outputs of the Department of Art Education in the core from the standpoint of teachers colleges of education

The goal of current research to identify the impact of the employment model Riglyot in the collection of students of Fine Arts Institute in substance taste art criticism) To achieve the goal of the research and put a zero hypothesis and one of the test grades cognitive Uday, also identifies research by students second grade - the Fine Arts Department / Fine Arts Institute for Girls - Diyala province of the academic year 2013-2014, and the specimen material Reigleuth and artistic taste taught to second grade students .bulge research community (49) student dispensers on two grades (first, second), were selected (20) student from a sample search key, took experimental approach with the two groups (t, z), bringing the number of students in the experimental group (10) students and the number of students the control group (10) students. Been building an educational program conform to the form of a substance Reigleuth artistic taste, was built as a cognitive achievement test, and after obtaining the information was used a set of statistical equations which equation (Mann Wati) as well as (Keodrrchardson equation -20). The most important conclusion reached by the results of current research is the superiority of the experimental group taught material artistic taste according to the tutorial, the students Group officer who studied the same material in the usual way

This research shades light on the great influence of the environmental authority on the expressive ability of sculptural architecture for being one of the most important authorities that fully or even partially affect the construction style and the creation modes and shapes of these sculpturally - architected structures. Therefore, it was conducted to focus on the problem that lies in recognizing the expressive style which is derived from environment of the sculpturally-architectured shapes. A number of topics were classified to discuss key concepts in environmental authorities, sculptural architecture as well as expression. By choosing three models from UAE as subject of this research, we came out with a valuable number of results enriched our understanding of the meaning and concept of the environmental authority and its effect on the modern sculptural architecture. We came to conclusion that sculptural architecture is the science that draws patterns for the architect in a way that pushes him to opt for designs that help reduce the consumption of the artificial resources in order to have a sustained natural resources, i.e. an architectural design that is environmentally sufficient. It is worth mentioning that the architects’ interest in taking their inspirations from nature is not only to find new ways and styles for a certain sculpturally architectured building, but also to look for new sources of inspiration whether to express beauty or to make use of the natural, live, environmental and structural aspects of nature. Architects’ can also use nature-inspired-construction materials to help them fulfill their big image of the final look of their designs.

This research deals with the study of (the date of the West Asian Championship football) since the launch of the first edition in the year (2000), which was held in Jordan at the time, and up to the eighth edition of them, which was held in Qatar with the end of the year (2013) and the beginning of the year (2014), and includes research analysis Championship competitions for all of these leagues in terms of results and statistics tournament in general and the teams participating in the tournament as well as the private system and method of conducting a lottery selection mechanism extensive countries each tournament.

The study aimed to develop training modules using Alaazukink stimulation electrode suitable for the research sample method and to identify the use of Alaazukink stimulation electrode method at the top and the time of the electrical signal to the muscle brachial among players School athletic talent effect, and to identify the impact of the use Alaazukink stimulation electrode in the elevation of the jerk with the players School Talent style Sports, researcher used the experimental method to (24) players from the care of sports talent center divided into two experimental equal number, the first experimental group used Aloazukinatic stimulation electric drills second experimental group used Aloazukinatic exercises without it, was applied exercises for 6 weeks at a rate of (3 ) units per week, and after processing the results were Ostantjat Find the Aloazoknynic exercises stimulation electric drills Aloazoknynic without help to increase the wavelength of the highest peak and reduce the electrical activity time for muscle brachial (right and left), and Aloazoknynic stimulation electric drills Aloazoknynic exercises without it were developing the elevation of the jerk with the players Center care athletic talent to lift weights, and the superiority of the players who have been trained exercises Aloazoknynic electrical stimulation to those who were satisfied with exercises Aloazoknynic at the top and the time of the electrical signal to Adilta right and left upper arm and jerk lifting weights.

The importance of the study was came from of the importance of emotional intelligence Sports which play an important role for the success of educational life pertaining to sports academies and also by highlighting it as well as some basic volleyball skills, which the researcher choose it as a tool for their skill level scale, in addition to the foregoing is to show the role of this psychological trait that skills do not have adequate studies in the sports field, since the Physical Education is specialist field cannot be separate it from educational process, for that reason the researcher developed this study, considering that the importance of it is reality of this case because of previous studies that are helping professionals to determine the level of acquisition of large ability in developed skills in excess the students' stability and equilibrium through the level of athlete’s emotional intelligence, and used percentage, mean, standard deviation, median., coefficient torsion, simple correlation coefficient (Pearson), to extract the results, and concluded that the best basic skills level are the serve , top spin and down spin serve, and in our sample the level in of these three basic skills were at average level, and research recommended to work on development of educational programs in different styles and level, to get the best of the this assessment.

Provided and the importance of research include the importance of style and lifestyle experienced by the individual And its impact in the pathogenesis of many diseases, some of which have serious such as heart disease and hardening of the arteries that lead to the occurrence of , heart attack and myocardial infarction and death.
The importance of research in highlighting the role of exercise and regular physical activity in pattern in our daily lives to prevent the risk of heart attack, And highlights the importance of research to find a percentage of the contribution of style and lifestyle that was experienced by the individual and that led to his heart attack early.
As to be having the wrong style of life has led to this early result of the injury this serious disease.
Therein lies the problem of the research, and the researcher used descriptive manner survey suitability to solve the problem of search.
Researcher felt that the research sample of men category and ages (45-50 years) and totaling 100 patients with heart attack.
Researcher reached the following conclusions:-
1- People who characterized the style and pattern their lives not to physical activity, smoking and unhealthy diet are diagnosed Cardiac clot very high level.
2- That mental disorders and the daily work that is characterized by sluggish and lack of movement negative impact of a good standard to the average incidence of Cardiac clot.
3- Physical activity regularly and by individual susceptibility and its potential physical and bodily protects the individual from Cardiac clot..

The research aims to identify the impact of using the method of interrogation on the achievement of immediate and deferred substance teaching methods of Physical Education.
The researcher used the experimental method consisted sample of students stage Cycle- Department of Physical Education-College of Basic Education - Mustansiriya University where he formed the research sample of 32 students, was Achtaahm simple random way, were divided into two groups, experimental, one studied in accordance with the method of interrogation The other officer was taught according to the method used. Find births and identified test grades immediate and deferred items in teaching methods of physical education has been to ensure the validity and reliability tools. The researcher took into account the provision of internal and external safety of the experiment, and the researcher developed a 12-unit learning educational program. The program has been implemented in a way questioning the experimental group and the control group followed. And by two units in elite educational week. After the completion of the implementation of the program was conducted achievement test Messaging and Three weeks after he held the achievement test delayed data acquisition and processing means of statistical tests the (t) for an equal number of independent samples, were obtained results against which the researcher concluded Mayati: -
- The effectiveness of the use of the interrogation method in the prompt collection of material teaching methods
- Outweigh the experimental group who studied according to the method of interrogation to which members of the control group studied according to the method used members of the (traditional) in achievement test delayed material teaching methods.
The researcher recommended definitely need to prepare programs for teachers to be trained on how to apply the method of interrogation, as well as how to develop plans for application in teaching. For future studies on the impact of the use of interrogation as a way to give the skills to various sporting events in the light of our education system

Image segmentation technique refers to the process of partitioning a digital image into multiple segments i.e. set of pixels, pixels in a region are similar according to some homogeneity criteria such as color, intensity or texture, so as to locate and identify objects and boundaries in an image. Several general-purpose algorithms and techniques have been developed for threshold image segmentation. In this paper we introduce two segmentation algorithms the first one is histogram and iterative method. The histogram algorithm uses minimum two peaks in gray image to determine constant threshold(global) ,while the iterative algorithm uses variable threshold(local) to segment image, and finally get binary image. with application in programming environment Matlab. Next are describing some advantage and disadvantages of those algorithms.

In this paper, the Bernstein Polynomial method is used to find an approximate solution initials values problem for high-order nonlinear Volterra Fredholm integro differential equation of the second kind. Some different examples considered and the solution discussed numerically and display graphically. By enhancing the degree of Bernstein Polynomial, we can improve the accuracy results. The simulation results were also compared with other researchers' work.

Microalbuminuria is strongly associated with risk for cardiovascular disease , it’s a widely recognized , strong and independent risk marker of cardiovascular disease among individuals with diabetes.
This study was done in the period from October to December 2014 in the national diabetes center , university of al – Mustansiriya , Baghdad , Iraq. The study groups , one is 50 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease and the second group is 30 patients with only diabetes mellitus as control , their aged ranged between (45-65 )years.
The results were shown an increasing in FBG, HbA1c, hs-CRP, LDL, TG, AIP, Urea, creatinine, and Microalbuminuria in patients compared with control group at ( P<0.001). While the concentration of HDL was significantly lower in patients compared with control group at(P<0.001). There is a positive correlation between AIP and HbA1c, hs-CRP, TG, Urea, creatinine, and Microalbuminuria. So microalbuminuria has become a prognostic marker for cardiovascular disease.

This study is concerned with the isolation and identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from various clinical cases in human which include (burn, wound, and urine) that admitted to Emergency hospital and internal lab of teaching hospital in Erbil city. Forty isolates of P. aeruginosa from out of 120 samples were identified by using cultured, morphological and biochemical tests in addition to vitek machine. Antibiotic resistance test was used ,the isolates showed variation in their resistance; the highest resistance was for penicillin G with 85% while the lowest resistance was for ceftizoxime with 40% and for others ranged between 42.5-82.5%.On the other hand the isolates P9,P16, and P30 resisted all antibiotics under study . RCR was used to detect exotoxin A (ETA) structural gene sequence. The result revealed that 82.5% of the isolates were positive for ETA gene. Methanolic and aqueous crude extract of Kalanchoe blossfeldiana were used as medicinal plant as curing agent for the reduction of antibiotic resistance genes of P. aeruginosa isolate P9, this was done through determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of this medicinal plant that used as curing agent which was 1800 µg/ml for aqueous extract and 1400 µg/ml for methanolic extract. The effect of MIC of methanolic extract on antibiotic resistance genes for isolate P9 was reduction of the resistance from 44-100% while the effect of MIC of aqueous extract on antibiotic resistance genes for isolate P9 was decreasing of the resistance from 36-86 % respectively and these results were supported through gel electrophoresis process.
Keywords: Antobiotic resistance, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Kalanchoe blossfeldiana, plasmid curing

The present study deals with isolation and characterization of fungi from different soil samples including: agricultural, fields, gardens, petroleum and cattle soil ) from Baghdad . The fungi have been isolated and identified by using two methods: direct isolation (soil plate method) and soil dilution method, using sabouraud’s dextrose agar (SDA). also the fungi have been examined microscopically with Lacto phenol cotton blue dye ,to determine the genus of the fungi isolates. The results were: 89 fungal isolates have been identified, and the results have shown that the highest percentage of fungi isolates was penicilium with 38.2%, followed by Mucur with 23.59%. The third one in the isolation percentage was alternaria with 14.6%, while yeast, Rhizopus, Fusarium and Aspergillus had the isolation percentages: 8.98% , 3.37% , 6.74% and 4.49% respectively.

Over three quarter of the world’s population is using herbal medicines with an increasing trend globally. the aim of this study was investigation of antibacterial activity of dried black lemon extract that have been extracted with 96% ethanol alone and in combination with some antibiotics (Ampiciline (AM(10 mcg)), Gentamycine (CN(10 mcg)) , Amoxiline (AX(25mcg)) , Erythromycine (E(15 mcg)) and Tetracycline (TE(30)) against local bacterial isolates Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus , Protius mirabilis, Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa . The results have shown a good antibacterial activity of the dried black lemon extract against all of the selected bacteria except Protius mirabilis .this extract helped in increasing the antibacterial activity of some antibiotics and decrease or not affect on other antibiotics when they tested on bacteria. The results of this study showed that ethanolic extracts of dried black lemon can be introduced as an alternative to chemical antimicrobial drugs, wider investigation is required.

Biosorption can be used as a cost effective and efficient technique for the removal of toxic heavy metals from wastewater using waste biomass derived from industries such as food processing. This study aimed to remedied vanadium (IV) ions from aqueous solution by batch adsorption system using both modified and unmodified sour orange peels (SORP) with a comparative investigation study. Optimization of Biomass, Time, Temperature, pH and Initial concentration parameters leads to the following results: metal ions adsorption onto the SOR biomass was established within 120 minute. The optimum pH for the metal binding to the biomass was found at pH=2, corresponding to the room temperature of 25C0, while maximum uptake was observed using an initial concentration of Vanadium equal to 100 ppm and 2gm of SOR biomass. These results indicate that modified and unmodified SORP sorbed more than eighty three percentage of the Vanadium ions. Confirmation of heavy metal ions binding with MSORP and UMSORP was achieved using Fourier Transform Infra Red Technique. Due to their low cost, good uptake capacity, and rapid kinetics, sour orange biomass is a promising biosorbent material warranting further study to release the environment from heavy metals contamination

In response to the fact that most of residential buildings in Middle East region designed far away to be effectively efficient, and also the fact that a significant amount of the energy produced within these countries is consumed by the buildings, this research trying to develop standards can be used in the future on residential buildings for this region from energy point of view, with additional suggestions for other optimization measure may overall efficiency, finally, the payback period of the project to be reduced.
This study aims to identify an appropriate solar driven cooling system configuration and size with respect to fulfill target values in primary energy savings, solar thermal system exploitation and economics.
This paper presents two different techniques to design an efficient building able to comply with different climate conditions in IRAQ. In the first technique, the research focusing on estimating the Energy demand of a reference building by using advanced simulation tools. The second technique proposed to simulate an absorption machine solar thermal driven, which can be used with HVAC system to cover the cooling load during summer period by using dynamic modeling tool.

Some Schiff' bases were derived from triazole ring which have the name ( 4-1,2,4-triazole-2-yl-diazenyl )-1-(substituted benzylideneamino) benzene .
They were prepared through the reaction of N-amino triazole, a mixture of ( HCl and NaNO2 ) and aniline . The product was reacted with series aromatic aldehydes to form Schiff' bases, the final products were identified by the available spectroscopic methods and tested their activity as antioxidants by using some chemical indicators.

In this research, There is the removal of (Cr+3) ions from aqueous solutions. By adsorption process on malva parviflora, It was attained to the equilibrium (60minute) which investigated by Atomic absorbtion spectrophotometer technique .The results show that the weight had better value (0.2 gm) . The effect of initial pH solution on adsorption had been studied in the range (3-10). The Freundlich and Langmuir equations were applied ,and the parameter of those equations had been calculated . The extent of adsorption was found to decrease as the temperature increased, i.e. exothermic process, and so the thermodynamic functions ΔH, ΔG and ΔS were calculated .

Some of heterocyclic compounds have been synthesized using some amino acids as a starting materials provides that the synthesized products bear parts of the amino acids structure. The types of these compounds are pyrazoles, pyridazines, thiazepines, and oxazepines. A preliminary test to evaluate the antimicrobial potency of some of the synthesized compounds were carried out using two types of organisms (+ve) and (-ve). The tests demonstrated an encouraging results for a good number of the tested compounds.

Fluorenes and their derivatives based on 2,7-disubstituted-9,9-dialkylfluorene as light-emitting diodes because of the high photoluminescent quantum efficiencies and thermal stabilities. The prepared compounds were characterized by FT-IR, H1NMR, C13NMR, MS, and UV/vis spectroscopy besides the melting points and C.H.N analysis.

In this work we introduce a new concept of Mc-functions namely M-gc functions, these are the functions f: X⟶Y in which the inverse image of every compact set in Y is g-closed in X. Several theorems about this concept were proved, and the relationships of M-gc functions with other types of functions were discussed

In this paper, we submitted a good tool to solve linear and nonlinear partial differential equations which is called homotopy perturbation method. This method makes hard problems so easy to solve, in our paper we gave some various examples for linear and nonlinear partial differential equations by using this method.

This paper deals with studying a weighted Generalized Exponential distribution with the known shape parameter α=2 and scale parameter λ>0 and driving it's probability distribution function, cumulative distribution function , reliability function. Also driving the moment generating function and other moments.Also we driving the estimator for λ by MLE and MOM.

Explained this study the effect of microwaves radiation with a frequency waves (a 2,450 MHz) on five fungal isolates (Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigates, Penicillium chrysogenum, and alternaria alternate) .Fungal isolates that cultivated on the Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA ) , at a rate of three frequency for each isolate fungi were exposed to the radiation of microwave oven with four time periods (0 second( control), 5 , 10 , 15 seconds). where the results showed highly growth of colonies of each fungal isolates used in the study that exposed to microwaves of time periods (5 seconds, 10 seconds). While killed all fungal colonies exposed to microwaves for the time period (15 seconds). This study proved the ability of the waves and microwaves period of time (15 seconds) and above to kill the fungal colonies and do not allow for the growth of fungal spores, meaning that the rate of growth of fungal colonies is inversely proportional to the length of time of exposure to radiation of microwaves.

The main target of Viral hepatitis B and C is the liver, the most important organ of lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. Liver inflammation leads to disrupt lipid profile. In this study we investigated the levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, high – density lipoprotein and low – density lipoprotein in sera of 33 HBV patients and 30 HCV patients against 31healthy persons as control group. Correlations between lipids parameters and hepatitis indices (bilirubin total and direct, albumin, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase) were statistically examined. Cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein found to significantly decreased in both groups of patients while triglycerides decreased in HCV patients. Spearman's coefficient test revealed significant correlation of triglycerides decrease with bilirubin (total and direct) and albumin increase, high-density lipoprotein decrease with direct bilirubin increase in HBV patients. In HCV patients, cholesterol found to be significantly decrease with alanine transaminase and direct bilirubin increase, triglycerides with direct bilirubin, low-density lipoprotein decrease with aspartate transaminase increase. These results clearly reveal that hepatitis B and C virus patients develop hypolipidemia and its severity positively correlate with hepatitis progression. We suggest that hepatitis B and C patients, especially those in chronic stages, should be examined for the concentrations of serum lipids and maintain their levels at the desired ones to avoid the risk of many disorders associated with these disturbances and, most importantly, to relieve the patients at advanced stages of hepatitis B and C virus infections.

The absorption and fluorescence spectra have been studied and measured for Acriflavine (AF) solution which dissolved in [N-N-dimethyl formamide (Dmf) , dimethyl sulphoxide (Dmso) and water] solvents as a function of concentration and solvent at excitation wavelength (λex= 414nm) . Have been calculated peaks the fluorescence spectra of Acriflavine (AF) solution dissolved in N-N-dimethyl formamide (Dmf) and dimethyl sulphoxide (Dmso) at concentration (1x10-5M ) , and found that it is equal to (λmax= 497 ) ، (λmax= 501) and ( λmax= 505), respectively. Also been calculated the value stokes shift of these peaks found to be equal to (1292.5) ، (1316.5) and (2469.7) , respectively. Where we note that (stokes shift) shifted peak of fluorescence spectra towards the longer wavelength (redshift) increases with increase solvent polarity . The increase of solvents polarity lead to decrease in the intensity of the fluorescence spectra . All measurement were at room temperature