Sciences Journal Of Physical Education

Due to the lack of focus on the functional and biochemical foundations when exercising accompanied by healthy nutrition. The researchers decided to study this scientific aspect according to modern foundations in order to control blood sugar levels and bring practitioners of sports activities with healthy nutrition to a good level.
The research aimed to:
1-Know the effect of exercise and healthy nutrition on blood sugar levels among practitioners according to correct scientific programs.
2- Know the differences in blood sugar levels among practitioners according to their sports activities and healthy nutrition.
The research focused on how to control blood sugar during exercise, and determining the best times in the morning or evening? How do we deal with our love of fast food? How do we avoid hidden sugar in ready-made meals? In addition to studying how exercise time affects the body?
The results of exercise were researched according to the types of running in the blood sugar level of a sample of athletes, numbering (9).
After presenting, analyzing and discussing the results, the researchers reached the following conclusions:
1-The increase or decrease in the blood sugar level in the research sample was within normal limits, which leads to the absence of side effects for them.
2-Practicing sports activities with healthy nutrition helps control and treat blood sugar levels.

The kinetic story is one of the linguistic and literary methods that work to develop virtues in the soul and the way to enter the world of the child and its effect remains in his soul and conscience, and the purposeful story has a great impact on education and upbringing. The perception of size, compatibility and accuracy of throwing are important mental motor skills at this age. 80% of the child's intelligence and mental abilities are formed before the age of 8 years and work to a large extent in developing his compatibility abilities and performing his basic movements. The research problem was evident in the distance of educators and supervisors from such programs for this age group, so the researcher decided to study this problem by preparing a kinetic story program that can contribute to developing these abilities. The research aims to prepare a narrative kinetic program for kindergarten children aged 4-6 years. The experimental method was used, and the design of (two equal groups) control and experimental. The research community is children aged (4-5) years and reached 20 children, 10 for each group. Pre-tests were conducted for the two groups. After that, the narrative curriculum was applied, which included three sections of the narrative educational curriculum (the organizational section, which lasted 5 minutes, the main section, which lasted 30 minutes, and the concluding section, which lasted 5 minutes). Among the results:
1-There was a slight development in the control group in the tests under study.
2-There was a positive development in the experimental group in the tests under study.
3-The narrative program had a positive effect on the development of size perception, coordination, and throwing accuracy in kindergarten children aged 4-5 years.

The management of the school environment is the responsibility of the school principal, and the school principal cannot manage the school environment unless he is an administrative leader capable of managing the school completely and employing administrative laws and decisions in the interest of the school, in addition to the leadership role, which is the most prominent role, as the most important goals of the school are to educate individuals, especially in this critical stage for students by providing cadres, supplies and laboratories, in addition to cadres capable of advancing the educational reality in the governorate.
In light of this, the researchers sought to define the relationship between administrative leadership on the one hand and school environment management among secondary school principals in Al-Qadisiyah Governorate on the other hand from the teachers' point of view using the descriptive correlational approach. The researchers prepared measures of administrative leadership and school environment management. The researchers also verified the validity and reliability of the measures and analyzed their paragraphs statistically on a sample of numbers, which amounted to (65) male and female teachers working in secondary schools in Al-Qadisiyah Governorate. After completing the preparation of the research tools, the final application was made to the applied research sample of (45) male and female teachers who were chosen intentionally. The results reached the most prominent of which is the existence of a significant relationship between administrative leadership and school environment management for secondary schools from the point of view of teachers in Al-Qadisiyah Governorate

The importance of the research in developing the strength characteristic for the purpose of improving it on the one hand and identifying the overlapping effect between these types of strength, and through developing a training program and the extent of strength development for the lower limb muscles of young football players, and through the researcher's knowledge and inquiry from some specialists in the field of sports training regarding the types of strength and their effect leads to saving time and effort during the training stages, as she saw through preparing a training program for each type of characteristic and applying it and knowing its results, and the researcher used the experimental pre- and post-test for the two groups The experimental and control study was suitable for the nature of the research. The research community was determined as the players of the Police Sports Club for Youth Football for the 2021 sports season, numbering (28 players). The research sample was selected using the comprehensive enumeration method and the sample was divided into two groups, the experimental group and the control group, with (14 players) for each group. The training was applied for a period of eight weeks, with three training units per week. The researcher used the statistical package (SPSS). The researcher concluded that the training method has a positive effect on developing the strength of the lower limb muscles of young football players.

The research problem included that a decrease in the level of physical abilities, especially (explosive ability, endurance of performance) and the lack of players compatibility and balance in performing movements and basic skills through the inability of players to perform strong and fast throughout the match period. Football training is a game targeting all dimensions Therefore, the researchers seeks to solve this problem using the (four squares) method, and the study aimed to prepare a training program in the four squares method to develop some physical abilities (explosive ability, performance endurance), skills (handling, rolling , scoring) and functional variables (vital capacity , VO2max) for the players of the talented player discovery center For football aged 10-12 years, and to identify the effect of the training program on the variables investigated, while I assumed that there were statistically significant differences between the two tests , the experimental method in a manner The two groups (experimental and control) and tribal tests were conducted for the research variables, physical abilities (explosive ability, Performance load) basic skills (handling, rolling , scoring) and functional variables (vital capacity , VO2max). The program was applied during the main experiment to the experimental group during (24), training units in (8) weeks, that is, by (3) training units per week, post-tests were conducted to find out the development in the research variables by balancing the results of the tribal and dimensional tests, and the researchers concluded that the four squares method contributed to the development of the research variables

Gifted and outstanding students need educational care and distinguished services from the traditional programs and services available in regular schools and centers. The researcher believes that gifted and disabled students need care, and need guidance and counseling to reduce negative perfectionism. Hence, specialists should provide guidance programs that contribute to improving the social adaptation of the gifted, and education sectors should pay attention to providing special programs for them in order to enrich the creative aspect. What is the effect of the guidance program in improving social adaptation and reducing negative perfectionism for gifted and disabled students?
The current study aims to improve social adaptation and reduce negative perfectionism for the gifted by building a program based on cognitive behavioral theory, as well as aiming to help members of the guidance group to increase the enrichment of their abilities and potentials so that they reflect on them and the society in which they live. The study sample included (40) male and female students from Mubarak bin Mohammed School in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. The sample was selected intentionally and the researchers used a group guidance program and a social adaptation scale and built a scale to reduce negative perfectionism. The most important conclusions are: - The success of the guidance program in reducing the impact of negative perfectionism and also the diversity of strategies used to reduce and mitigate its negative impact on the gifted, the absence of differences until males and females were exposed to the same guidance program and the same guidance strategies and time period, so there were no statistically significant differences attributable to gender.

Through the researcher's observation of throwing activities (disc, javelin and weight) and continuous follow-up and as a result of his review of many researches and studies, he noticed that this form of muscle strength did not take its real role and size in the training process within the curricula prepared by the trainers and with their different methods and according to the correct scientific method. The research aims to prepare weight exercises to develop the strength characterized by speed and its effect on some biochemical variables of throwing activities for people with disabilities category (CP37) in the research sample. The sample included people with disabilities category (CP37) for throwing discus, javelin and weight in Dhi Qar Governorate for the season (2023-2024).

The researcher used the experimental method. The researcher concluded that there is a positive effect in developing the strength characterized by speed and its effect on some biochemical variables of throwing activities among people with disabilities category (CP37) in the pre- and post-tests and measurements in favor of the post-test. As well as the recommendations recommended by the researcher, including conducting the same study but with other physiological and biochemical variables

It is necessary to study the behavior of students while striving to achieve their ambitions when practicing their sports specialties represented by their basic sources within one of the components of personality in self-motivation and psychological integration and the accompanying actions when practicing sports and football for students is one of the sports games taught within the curricula of colleges of physical education that have many skills and movements and due to what this game requires in terms of a high level of skill performance and increased investment of effort and actual academic learning time in which the student is busy with the content of the lesson at a level appropriate to her ability to achieve the level of performance of some skills with an attempt to correct the errors that accompany the learning process. Therefore, the research aimed to: -
1- Prepare a scale of academic self-motivation and build a scale of psychological integration among female students of the faculties of physical education and sports sciences - Middle Euphrates Universities
2- Identify the correlation between academic self-motivation and psychological integration in the performance of some indoor soccer skills among female students
The researcher used the descriptive approach with the survey method and correlation relationships for its suitability and the nature of the study, as the research sample included female students in the first, third and fourth stages in the faculties of physical education and sports sciences at the universities of (Babylon, Karbala, Kufa, Qadisiyah, Muthanna) with a total of (109) students. The researcher also used special procedures in preparing and building scales (self-motivation and building a scale of psychological integration), and the research results showed:
1- The results showed a significant correlation between academic self-motivation and integration scales.

The research aims to identify the effect of the Appleton model in developing personal creativity and learning the technical performance of volleyball serving for students. The researcher used the experimental method to suit the nature of the research, as the research sample consisted of (40) students from the second stage - College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - University of Wasit for the academic year (2023-2024) distributed into two control and experimental groups with (20) students for each group. The Appleton model was applied to the experimental group in learning the technical performance of volleyball serving. Equivalence and homogeneity were carried out among the members of the research sample. The educational curriculum for the educational material was prepared, which took (8) units, with two educational units per week, and the time of the educational unit was (90) minutes during the period of conducting the experiment, as the experimental curriculum began on 16/1/2024. After completing the prescribed educational curriculum, the post-test was conducted. Among the statistical methods used by the researcher are (arithmetic mean - standard deviation - spring deviation - median - percentage - t-test ) One of the most important conclusions reached by the researcher is that the Appleton model contributed effectively to developing personal creativity and learning the technical performance of serving in volleyball.

The research problem crystallized in investing the number of educational units allocated to the triple jump activity in raising the amount of applied and cognitive learning using the (Hypermedia) program.
The objectives of the research were:
1-Preparing an educational program using hypermedia for the triple jump activity.
2-Knowing the effect of the proposed educational program using hypermedia in learning and retaining the triple jump activity (technical performance and achievement) among students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences. Al-Mustansiriya University.
As for the research procedures, the research sample was students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences. Al-Mustansiriya University, as well as the steps of preparing super-interference media in addition to technical performance and achievement tests. In light of this, the researcher used the experimental method with the design of (equivalent groups) and also used statistical methods, the most important of which were the Levene test, the (t) test for related samples, and the (t) test for independent samples.
Finally, the researcher reached several conclusions, including:
1- The program prepared using super-interference media achieved a significant improvement in the level of technical performance and achievement in the effectiveness of the triple jump among the members of the experimental group.
2- The program prepared using super-interference media achieved good retention among the members of the experimental group.

The aim of our research is to clarify the extent to which heads of scientific departments use digital transformation to ensure the quality of education in higher education institutions. This was evident through the research problem, to the necessity of having leaders and thinkers, intelligent with intellectual abilities and non-traditional skills, which depend on the foundations of developing knowledge and experience, and its principles and forming perceptions and visions related to the future. Modern digital applications have spread everywhere, invaded all fields and deepened in daily life. Here comes the importance of the role of heads of scientific departments in leading their departments in their educational institutions to safety in light of the sudden changes in the performance of the digital leadership role, as they must possess the technical skill and quality necessary to ensure education, and it is necessary to prepare and train individuals and groups to adapt their systems in order to reach a common vision towards digital transformation and prepare generations of the digital world capable of using Digital technologies, and this will not be achieved without digital leadership capable of employing the digital assets available in the educational institution, so the researchers used the descriptive approach using the survey method and prepared the research questionnaire, and the community and the research sample were represented by the instructors who teach in the departments of the College of Physical Education for Sports Sciences - Al-Mustansiriya University for the academic year (2023-2024). Their number is (96) individuals, the researchers concluded that most of the heads of departments in the College of Physical Education for Sports Sciences practice digital transformation in their administrative performance and in a good way

The study aims at building a scale to measure the enhance the environmental sustainability of the scouting rovers. Recognizing the impact of scouting activities on enhancing the environmental sustainability of the scouting rovers of universities and colleges in local communities.
Sample and community of the study are represented by scouting rovers of governmental and non- governmental universities and colleges participating in the seventh scout camp for the Iraqi university rovers in Nineveh Governorate for the period from 3-7/5/2023, amounting to (256) scouts representing (32) universities and colleges.
One of the most important conclusions is that the current scale is a tool for identifying the enhancing of environmental sustainability for university and college scouts. Scouting activities contributed significantly to increasing

The study aimed to identify the management of containment and its relationship to enhancing teamwork among members of the administrative bodies of the central sports federations in Iraq, and the researcher used the descriptive approach in the survey method and correlation relations, and the researcher identified the research sample, which was represented by members of the administrative bodies of the central sports federations in Iraq, and their number (347) individuals distributed over (49) federations in Iraq, then the researcher followed all scientific procedures of honesty, stability, discriminatory ability and internal consistency in (building a containment management scale), And (the preparation of the collective work scale), which resulted in the two study scales in their final form, as the containment management scale contained (16) items, and distributed in its fields are (job integration, training, motivation and rewards, support for work technology), and the scale of teamwork on (24) items, and distributed in its fields It is cooperation, love, psychological, social, after that the researcher applied the two scales of the study on the sample of application and conduct all statistical means related to the objectives and variables of the research, and the most important conclusions of the research is the enjoyment of the administrative bodies of the central sports federations in Iraq enjoy the sports federations good management of containment, mixed with the spirit of teamwork, and the existence of a good correlation between the management of containment and teamwork, which helps to speed up the completion of all administrative tasks in the central sports federations in Ira

The method of special exercises has become one of the modern methods in the process of learning and sports training. Therefore, the researcher worked on analyzing studies that dealt with special exercises for assistive devices due to their importance in directing future studies and research, developing training and educational methods and strategies in the sports field, and benefiting from the effect of special exercises in developing athletes from the physical aspects. And skill and movement. After analyzing the studies, the researcher concluded that the results she reached in knowing the importance of special exercises are helpful tools that contribute to achieving progress and a high level for the athlete in all aspects. Therefore, she recommends strengthening special exercises and using them in training units because of their role in achieving the desired goals, the most important of which is addressing weakness in performance. The players, which in turn affects the digital level of this event, so that those working in the field of learning and training can benefit from the indicators of the integration of the physical and motor aspects to improve the level of the players in terms of skill and its reflection on the digital level of the event.

Aims to identify the effect of training according to the circular method of high intensity and its impact on the development of some forms of force and physiological variables for futsal players youth category and the research problem is manifested through the weakness in some forms that need futsal players and training programs that do not meet the increasing requirements of these abilities, which are reflected in another way in the adaptation in the physiological influences so the researcher used the experimental approach for the experimental and control groups and some forms of force and some physiological indicators were identified It is (explosive power and power characteristic of speed and measure the oxygen capacity of performance and measure the rate of metabolism food said effort and after effort and measure the maximum oxygen consumption Vo2max) and used its own tests and prepared exercises proposed according to the method of training circular high intensity as the style of training circular high intensity impact on the development of physical abilities as well as the development of some physiological variables subject to research in futsal players.

The importance of the research arises from the fact that skill performance (any skill) is the result of a number of premises that represent prior movements of performance and are of course linked to the result, which here is accuracy in the skill of scoring from stability, especially since this skill is linked to skill compatibility factors that can be tracked through The difference in the rates of angles of parts of the body that contribute to performance and thus achieve its requirements and transfer them to the ball (the angle of launch of the ball, the arc of flight, the highest point of the ball, and finally the angle of entry, which represents the digital indicator of accuracy). The problem is summarized as (the science of sports biomechanics can give a description digitally for performance and thus he can draw a shape that approaches the ideal state and thus always achieve the same results, especially in a skill such as the skill of scoring from stability). The research aims to identify the biomechanical variables that account for the difference in skill performance of scoring from standstill from the free throw line for the two research samples. As for the research hypothesis: There are statistically significant differences between the research variables and for the first and second samples, and they are linked to the result of skill performance (accuracy) of the scoring skill of stability from the free throw line. The most prominent conclusions of the research are: There is a clear difference in the accuracy index, in favor of professional players. The most prominent recommendations are: Conducting future research and measuring similar biomechanical variables for skilled samples, but by changing some of the constants of the skill performance of individuals in the research samples, and measuring the results of the change in skill, whether in terms of the result. Or the skill form.

The aim of the research was to prepare exercises with rebound medical balls using the cluster method and to identify their effect on the special strength of the arms and the accuracy of the straight smash in volleyball. The researcher used the experimental design with one experimental group, on a sample of players from the specialized center for volleyball with a number of (10) players who were chosen intentionally, and the training continued for (8) weeks on (3) training units per week, and after completing the implementation of all units and after processing the data statistically by means of the statistical package SPSS, the researcher reached several conclusions, the most important of which is that continuous training with medical balls according to the cluster method is effective in delivering the volleyball to the corners and gaps in the opponent's court with high strength and speed, and that developing the special strength has led to a positive effect in improving the accuracy of the straight smash in volleyball. She recommended the necessity of using rebound medical ball exercises using the cluster method during training To develop the skills capabilities, similar studies should also be conducted on different age groups.

The research included the introduction, importance of the research, its problem, objectives, hypotheses and areas. The research addressed the preparation of special exercises to train some types of strength for sports matches according to the use of the course Fit for the sample individuals for the participants. The research included the number of exercises that play an effective role in the use of the course Fit exercises to develop some types of strength for the participants in the gyms according to the preparation of these types and the extent of their development within the course Fit exercises, which is one of the methods for these age groups for the participants in preparing types of strength in the exercises for the course Fit for the sample individuals, which included gym goers to develop their physical abilities, especially some types of special strength according to the use of the effective course Fit exercises within the development of some types of strength. The objectives of the research were to prepare special exercises using the course Fit in developing the special strength of the participants in the gyms. The research hypotheses were the existence of a statistically significant relationship between the pre- and post-tests of the sample members in developing some types of strength. The conclusions were that the major role of the course Fit training according to special exercises was effective in developing some types of strength for the sample members for the participants. The recommendations were to prepare programs for the course Fit exercises in developing some other types of strength in developing the participants and preparing them physically to develop types of strength.

The importance of the research comes from reducing the duration of treatment as well as the importance of modern devices used in the research, whether in treatment or in exercises. The researcher used laser in treatment, which is the latest method in the world, which ensures the treatment of the injury and the return of the injured person to practice her daily work at a record speed. The Marcy wedge device was also used to perform strength and flexibility exercises at a slow pace. The researchers also used the 200-EK3 electronic device to measure muscle strength in Newton units. The problem of the research lies in the long duration of the treatment programs used in medical rehabilitation centers, which are not in the interest of the injured person. Therefore, the researcher decided to reduce the duration of treatment by using modern and advanced devices that save time and effort. The study aimed to prepare strength and flexibility exercises using the Marcy wedge device and laser therapy sessions in the rehabilitation of the injured elbow joint in women, and also to identify the effect of strength and flexibility exercises accompanying the laser therapy sessions prepared in the rehabilitation of the injured elbow joint in women.
The researcher used the experimental method with a single-group design and a pre- and post-measurement method. The research was conducted on a sample of (20 injured) who were deliberately selected from among women with tennis elbow injuries, aged between 25-30 years. . The researcher concluded that the therapeutic laser has a positive effect in reducing pain and speeding up the healing of the injury, and that the treatment program using the Marcy wedge device led to an increase in the strength and flexibility of the injured elbow joint. The researcher recommended the necessity of adopting laser in the treatment of various injuries because it achieves good results in a short time.

The researchers believe that the most positive impact on individuals and society is sports clubs, as "the sports field represents the most important areas of real investment in human wealth, as it is distinguished from other fields in that it is a field of interaction and practice that revolves around modifying the behavior of individuals in the desired direction and creating a good citizen by preparing the appropriate climate for work and forming positive attitudes among individuals.
In order to carry out its tasks successfully, it needs qualified leaders to work with diverse and intertwined human groups of administrators, trainers, assistant trainers, players and the public. It is obvious that each of these groups includes individuals who differ in their scientific, social, economic and moral levels, and therefore they differ in trends, opinions and behaviors, which creates hotbeds for disagreements or conflicts, which are one of the types of social interactions such as cooperation and coordination, which are practiced openly or implicitly in order to achieve specific goals. The organizational conflict that sports management faces the responsibility of treating, and then conflict management becomes an essential part of the managers' functions. What are the methods of dealing with organizational conflict common to the administrative bodies in sports clubs in Baghdad Governorate, and do the administrative and training staff in these sports clubs have the effectiveness of dealing with organizational sports conflict? The organizational conflict scale was used, which includes treatment methods including (calming, confrontation, coercion, bargaining, avoidance). The researcher concluded that the confrontation method is the most used method by the administrative bodies in sports clubs, their coaches and their assistants when dealing with organizational conflict.

There are many factors that cause a significant impact, which is evident from the researcher's observation of global achievements that there are differences in achievement levels with long jump players due to the difference between physical specifications and performance, the aspect related to physical and technical training and the lack of sufficient attention to the analysis engine for players, so the researcher saw that studying the correlation and the percentage of contribution of some kinetic variables specific to the effectiveness of the long jump for world champions participating in the Tokyo Olympics (2021) AD and that the kinematic research variables, including horizontal and vertical speed, take-off angles, trunk and speed of the penultimate step, to be a good model for global dynamics, attention was paid to studying these variables To make it closer in the kinetic analysis to determine the series of strengths and weaknesses of the participating players, the kinematic variables were adopted for the best (12) players from the world champions participating in the Tokyo Olympics. The race was held over two separate days on 1-3/8/2021 AD and those who obtained the first places and qualifications within the International Federation law for the best qualifying number set by the International Federation (6,729) m and with a number of 12 players out of 28 players participating in the long jump event, the best attempts for each player were analyzed and the variables under study in athletics.

The research aims to identify the effect of skill-rehabilitation exercises with aids in modifying... Knocking knees and identifying the effect of skill-qualifying exercises using assistive means on the level of performance of some basic skills in fencing for students. The experimental approach was used by designing the individual experimental group with a pre- and post-test. The research community was represented by third-year students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - University of Babylon. The number of them was (30) students, and the main research sample was represented by (8) students who had knock knees. The researcher conducted a exploratory experiment on (3) students. The researcher also used questionnaire, test, measurement and observation, in addition to Arab and foreign sources. The most important results indicated The research indicated that the skill-rehabilitation exercises with assistive means played an effective and positive role in reducing the impact of the knees and improving the level of performance of the students’ basic fencing skills, with a clear superiority among the experimental group in the post-test. One of the most important recommendations is the necessity of using the skill-rehabilitation exercises with assistive tools in modifying wrong behaviors. to knock knees, in addition to conducting other studies on incorrect posture behaviors among students and in other sports games and events.

As it is known that most of the methods of teaching sports to children used by kindergarten teachers appear to be traditional and lack a lot of accuracy in performance and random implementation. Preparing exercises in deductive thinking in developing the skills of handling and receiving among kindergarten children, and some special tests have been used, where a sample of kindergarten children was chosen randomly, and divided into two groups (experimental and control), and the research sample reached (20) students who were randomly divided into (10) for the control group and (10) for the experimental group, and the results of the research showed that there were significant differences between the results of the pre and post tests and in favor of the experimental group in the post tests, and the conclusions showed that the prepared exercises had a positive effect on the experimental sample, while the recommendations were to adopt Inferential thinking exercises, as they work on developing physical attributes, developing speed of comprehension, and developing accuracy of handling and receiving among kindergarten children.

The aim of the research is to reveal the effect of twinning the teaching methods of discovery and inclusion in learning some offensive skills in basketball and to reveal the existence of statistically significant differences between the experimental and control groups in the post-tests in favor of the experimental group.
The researchers adopted the experimental approach because it suits the circumstances and objectives of their research. The research community was selected intentionally from middle school students.
The researchers used the SPSS statistical package to complete and process the data, and concluded that the synchronization of the two methods used (inclusion and discovery) contributed to students learning the skills of (handling and shooting with the basketball) in favor of the experimental group. He stressed that the individuality of the student's performance of the movement that is compatible with his capabilities and ability contributed to increasing his desire towards motor performance. The researchers recommended the necessity of synchronizing most of the teaching methods and identifying their advantages and adopting the methods that give effective results in work during synchronization and choosing exercises that contain continuous, competitive and exciting movement, because this would lead to increasing the student's movement during the lesson.

The aim of the research is to identify the effect of the (Merle) educational model on acquiring and retaining the forehand and backhand shots in tennis for students. The two researchers followed the experimental method by designing two equal groups with pre- and post-tests. The research sample was represented by the first-stage students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - University of Babylon (which numbered in number). 20) Students were divided equally into two groups: control and experimental, The process of equivalence was conducted in the forehand and backhand shots in tennis, and the results were processed using appropriate statistical methods. In light of the research results obtained, the two researchers concluded several conclusions, the most important of which is that the use of the (Merle) educational model during the educational units contributed significantly to the acquisition and retention of the forehand and backhand shots in tennis for the students. In addition to the superiority of the experimental group that followed the (Merle) educational model over the control group in the research variables, and among the most important recommendations recommended by the two researchers are: Emphasizing the adoption of the (Merle) educational model in the educational units of the tennis course for students, as well as the interest of tennis teachers in educational models. And work on applying it in educational units.

Administrative information systems, in all their patterns and shapes, are working as a coherent fascinating, integrated with the organizational environment of the modern business organization, with the aim of meeting the needs of management and beneficiaries. The importance of research is evident that administrative information systems aim to develop sports institutions and work methods in them, and this is done by providing accurate information at the appropriate time. The problem of this study indicates that there is a clear weakness in the extent required to manage human resources for Iraqi sports institutions, and practices in this field are still dominated by the traditional style that is not in line with the size of the change and its duration that affected all elements of the surrounding environment. The researcher approved the descriptive approach to the completion of this study, and the research sample was represented by organizing sports festivals in Baghdad Governorate. Administrative information and the management of workers in organizing sports festivals, and this indicates the important role that administrative information systems play in managing workers' performance

Typical games in global sport receive the wide and great attention by the countries of the world in order to reach the levels of good achievement and achieve the best achievements in races and in various sports games, and modern technology and the continuous development in the education process and preparing a staff from good teachers are among the main factors that made sport move Large steps according to the type of sports activity. Gemnaste games are one of the games that extensively raised the public's interest, especially the ground movements. Because it is distinguished by its excitement during its races, it expresses flexibility, agility, the strength of will, giving and self -confidence in that, and the specialists have consistently built alternatives that are built on the foundations of a court and sober by knowing the internal and external influences in modern sport that these alternatives make on the players.

In particular, the athletics are the effectiveness of 100 m free because of its large and broad audience in addition to the spirit of competition to obtain the best achievement and achieve new numbers, and the importance of the current research is to focus on developing the maximum speed and then it can perpetuate the muscular momentum from maintaining the length and frequency of the step, Two important and essential factors in improving the achievement through the proposed training program. Preparing a proposed training program to develop the length of the step and its frequency and the completion of the running of 100 m free. The training program on them, and after completing the application of the program prepared by the researcher, the dimensional tests were conducted and the results were addressed statistically and placed in tables, analyzing and discussing them, and the researcher concluded that the prepared training program has been morally affected in the development of the variables and thus the development of the event of 100 m and recommends the use of the program The training prepared by the researcher has a significant effect in improving the level of the sample and thus developing the achievement.

Social interaction is a fundamental and strategic concept in social psychology and the most important elements of social relations, and since sport has become one of the important social phenomena in society, it helps the student to social compatibility and integration with others, as the current study aimed to legalize a measure of social interaction among students of the College of Physical Education and Sciences Sports at Mosul University. Learn about the degree of social interaction among students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science at Mosul University. And finding standard levels on the scale of social interaction among students of physical education and sports science at Mosul University.
If the researchers reach the following conclusions:
● The validity of the social interaction scale to measure the degree of social interaction among students of physical education and sports science at Mosul University.
● The high degree of social interaction among students of physical education and sports science at Mosul University in general through the results produced by the research.
● Most students of physical education and sports science are located at the University of Mosul at the level acceptable and average of the levels of the social interaction scale that the researcher codified

Speed and motor expectation is an essential element in the performance of the goalkeeper. It enables them to respond effectively to the challenges and pressure in the matches, and increase their chances of brilliance and success. Therefore, goalkeepers must work hard to develop this decisive character to achieve a distinguished performance on the field. As the goalkeeper's confrontation can have a decisive opportunity to have a great impact on the outcome of the match and through the work of the researcher as a coach for age groups and through the viewing, he noticed that there is a weakness in the characteristics of speed for some guards, and from here this problem has emerged and it may be one of the most important reasons is not to use exercises that work To highlight this capacity to identify the effect of SICO training in developing the types of speed (the speed of the motor response, the transitional speed and the distinctive strength of the speed) and the motor expectation of the goalkeepers was (7) goalkeepers and identified appropriate tests and conduct tribal tests and the researcher performed the main experience and for a period (7) Weeks were applied for saku, which is an integrated complementary training system of three components: Speed Speed, the speed of change of trend, kinetic speed, and dimension tests. Training

The importance of the research lies in the researchers preparing an educational curriculum and a program of popular games in particular aims to develop some motor abilities among students, and to know its impact as an appropriate attempt to contribute to raising the level of our children and achieving balanced growth of their physical, psychological, social and mental aspects. The problem of the research is the lack of these sports supplies in a good way, which is one of the most important problems that some students suffer from in primary schools, which necessitated serious studies in order to raise the level of students in a way that serves the educational, educational, sports, social and psychological process and to raise their efficiency and the efficiency of their schools. Among the objectives of the research is to prepare a curriculum with popular games in developing some motor abilities among primary school students in special education. The researchers concluded the validity of the proposed educational curriculum with popular games, which was characterized by the nature of pleasure and competition in improving physical and motor qualities. Popular games also worked to establish educational ethics, order, cooperation and love among students.

Rhythmic gymnastics is one of the most important motor activities that requires female students to have high motor abilities to meet the requirements of performing rhythmic movements, represented by agility, balance and coordination in performing rhythmic movements. Hence, the research problem arises in the presence of weakness in the level of female students' performance, as there is difficulty in performing rhythmic gymnastics movements. Therefore, the researcher decided to reveal the level of female students' performance of some rhythmic movements and motor abilities and to predict what their level of performance of movements will lead to in terms of their motor abilities. The research aims to identify the strength and direction of the correlation between the most important motor abilities and rhythmic movements of female students. The researcher used the descriptive approach using the survey method and mutual and predictive relationships. The research sample included 30 female students from the third stage. The researcher concluded the following: - The results showed that there is a positive relationship between rhythmic movements and some motor abilities among female students. Deriving a predictive equation for movements (cat jump, scissor jump movement, and gazelle jump forward) in terms of motor abilities.

The importance of research in knowing and emphasizing the relationship between both muscle balance, biomechanical indicators and digital level will have great importance in directing the training process in terms of determining the nature, quality and shape of exercises that achieve a better level of muscle balance and biomechanical aspects in line with the requirements of breaststroke and thus achieve a better digital level.
The study aimed to identify the relationship between the muscular balance of the muscles of the upper and lower limps and some biomechanical variables for the stages of tension with arms and pushing the legs to the breaststroke swimmers, and the researcher assumed that there is a direct correlation relationship between the search variables of the breaststroke swimmers, as the researcher followed the descriptive approach in the method of correlation of relationships because of its suitableness the research problem and achieving its goal , as for the research community and its samples, the research sample was chosen in the intentional method , and they are (8) swimmers from breaststroke swimmers for the Iraqi youth team. By conducting measurements and tests in the main experiment by relying on the SPSS statistical bag for psychological and educational sciences to statistically processing, the researcher concluded that there is a direct correlation relationship between the muscular balance of the muscles of the upper and lower limps and the biomechanical variables studied in the stages of the tension with arms and pushing the legs to the breaststroke swimmers.

The plane feather game is one of the games that occupied a wide space for its fans and followers, as is the rest of the other organized games because it is characterized by a special nature that distinguishes it from the rest of the games due to the nature of the modern performance in the game and as a result of the amendments and changes that have occurred on the game law and that it needs physical numbers that includes each of Power, speed, flexibility, table and fitness, as well as its need for skill and psychological preparation.
All the electoral actions that the individual performs are the result of a work of one muscle or a muscle group. Sometimes it requires the participation of many muscular groups, and this depends on the type of work and the amount of strength to be used, and that the participation of more than one muscle in a specific work does not mean that all of these mean The muscles work in one direction, or they all participate in the same amount. Rather, the work of these muscles differs between them in terms of relative importance. Learn to do the responsibility of doing that work

The coach's mission is one of the most difficult tasks, and coaches must have personal and psychological characteristics that qualify them to lead their teams and players and enable them to deal with club administrations and fans and bear the psychological pressures they are exposed to, which allows them to make sound and accurate decisions. Although the phenomenon of burnout is not new to sports activities in general and football in particular, and is caused by the many pressures that those concerned with this game are exposed to, especially coaches, due to the heavy burdens that fall on them, and thus coaches are the most vulnerable to this phenomenon, especially those who are devoted to this game. Therefore, coaches must have personal traits that are consistent with the requirements of the game, and their lack of positive specifications may expose them to psychological pressures that may negatively affect their work performance and perhaps their social and health status, which may lead them to the phenomenon of burnout and thus leave the coaching profession. The research aims to identify the degree of psychological burnout enjoyed by football coaches and personal characteristics in the clubs of the Middle Euphrates, in addition to identifying the nature of the relationship between the degree of psychological burnout and the personal characteristics of the research sample. The researchers used the descriptive approach (survey studies) to suit the nature of the research problem. The researchers used the scale prepared by (Reiner Martens) for psychological burnout, which was translated by Osama Kamel Rateb, and this scale contains ten paragraphs prepared for the purpose of measuring the phenomenon of psychological burnout. The researchers also used the Cattell test for personal characteristics, which is one of the comprehensive and accurate tests that measures sixteen personality traits, which allows understanding the personality of the coach. The research sample included 16 coaches from some football club coaches in the governorates (Babylon, Karbala, Najaf, Qadisiyah). The researchers concluded the following: Most coaches are exposed to the phenomenon of psychological burnout, as their percentage reached 75% of the total sample. Most of the personal traits of football coaches are concentrated in the middle of the scale and rarely lean towards the right or left. It became clear that there is a correlation between some traits such as shyness, anxiety and conscientiousness with the phenomenon of burnout among football coaches.

The importance of this study is to prepare HIT training with the duties of running the longest and shortest short distances to build training capacity and develop the physical abilities of runners and the possibility of developing the runner's ability to run the longest possible distance at a regular speed while trying to reduce the amount of decline in his speed to ensure effective economy in the effort expended during the training process, and the research problem was determined by the presence of a decline in achievement, and this requires investigation and research into the causes of this decline and identifying the clear weaknesses in physical abilities that result in the loss of time among runners compared to world champions in the 200 m race, and the researchers used the experimental method with a pre-test And after the two experimental groups, the research community was determined from the players of the 200-meter race for the elite men's category of the Iraqi Athletics Federation for the 2024 sports season, numbering (n = 12), and the research sample was selected from them, which was divided into two experimental groups with (5 players) for each group, and the researchers concluded that HIT training in shorter or longer short distances had a greater positive effect than shorter short distances in developing some physical abilities and achieving the 200-meter men's race, and the researchers recommended conducting similar studies and research on different age groups.

The importance of the research crystallized in identifying the nature of the quality of the school sports environment and its relationship to creativity and job satisfaction among physical education teachers in Babil Governorate and knowing the role of this environment on , Improve this environment and then raise the level of their professional performance with the aim of achieving the educational and educational process with high efficiency and effectiveness. The research problem focused on the difference in the prevailing school sports environment in schools, as there are many schools that lack a good school environment, while some of them are characterized by a good school environment, and this difference may cause a difference in desire and level of performance and work as a result of the difference in the available needs to implement the lesson correctly. Hence, the researchers saw the need to conduct this study in order to highlight the role of the school sports environment and its relationship to creativity among physical education teachers. The research aimed to achieve several goals, including building a scale for the quality of the school sports environment among physical education teachers in Babil Governorate, preparing the scales of creativity and job satisfaction among physical education teachers in Babil Governorate, identifying the reality of each of (the quality of the school sports environment and creativity) among physical education teachers in Babil Governorate, identifying the statistically significant differences according to the length of service for each of the quality of the school sports environment and creativity among physical education teachers in Babil Governorate, and identifying the correlation between the quality of the school sports environment and serious creativity among physical education teachers in Babil Governorate.

selective attention, and the study aimed to identify the regression of visual selective attention as well as the The extent of their contribution to the accuracy of the performance of the reception and defense skills of the field in volleyball, and the researchers chose the research community by a comprehensive inventory method, which was represented by the players of Diyala University for the academic year 2020-2021, numbering (13) players only, and whose names are included in the Student Activities Division at the university, that there is a relationship Significant between selective visual attention (control - reaction) and the accuracy of the performance of the reception and defense skills in volleyball for Diyala University players, and there is a contribution of (94%) and a confidence rate of (83.3%) of visual selective attention (control - reaction and defensive skills disease). In volleyball, in addition, there is a positive effect of selective visual attention (control - reaction) for the players, so the researchers recommend to conduct another similar study in the light of the (psychological, functional) to contribute to the progress and development of research and studies, and to conduct a similar study at different levels that includes aspects of the current study.

There is a scientific consensus that practicing sports is one of the necessities of life for human health. Many scientific studies have confirmed that sports play an important role in improving the body and ridding it of many diseases, especially blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes, and many others. It is an important healthy behavior for improving general health and an excellent use of energy and a means of developing it in a healthy way. It constitutes an excellent protection for humans. The research aimed to prepare a training curriculum between increasing oxygen and without it. And to identify the effect of the curriculum on some physiological variables and weight. And to compare between increasing oxygen and without it some physiological variables and weight among female students of the College of Basic Education. The researcher assumed that there are statistically significant hypotheses between increasing oxygen and without it.
There are statistically significant hypotheses on some physiological variables and weight between the pre-tests and post-tests of the research sample. The researcher used the experimental method to solve the research problem, while the research community was determined by the fourth-year female students of the College of Basic Education, and their number after excluding a group of them was (8). The results were presented, analyzed and discussed through the use of appropriate statistical methods. The researcher reached a set of conclusions, including that the training method has a positive effect on a number of physiological variables and weight in the research sample. Also, continuous training with increased oxygen has a positive effect on the research sample in increasing the percentage of oxygen better than training without it.

The research problem crystallized in that third-year female students in the College of Basic Education have little experience with gymnastics (ground movements) and in order to advance in the game, it is necessary to prepare female students by teaching them the correct technique for the gymnastics skill to reach a good level of performance. The research aimed to identify the level of ambition among third-stage female students represented in the College of Basic Education, and to identify the motor performance of the compulsory motor formation for third-stage female students in the College of Basic Education, and to identify the relationship between ambition and the level of motor performance of the compulsory motor formation. The researchers used the descriptive approach using the survey method because it is the approach that suits the nature and requirements of the research. The research community was chosen intentionally, and they are female students of the College of Basic Education. The sample was chosen, and they are (20) female students. The results were presented, analyzed and discussed using tables, and the results were discussed in a scientific manner. The researchers will produce the following:
It became clear from the statistics conducted in the research that the level of ambition was related to the motor performance of the female students

Childhood is one of the basic and important stages in human life, as it is the stage in which physical, motor and skill abilities are prepared and developed, and through this stage the path of the child's growth in these abilities is determined.
The interest in the early childhood stage, as it is a stage of construction and guidance, in addition to the advantages of this age stage in which motor development is directed towards the right goal and the type of movement improves, as all basic movements turn into the stage of mechanism, which helps the child learn sports skills. Hence the importance of the research, the necessity of providing sufficient motor activity for the child at this important age stage of his life through participation, practice, self-realization and motor sufficiency and following it for its clear effect on academic learning. The research aims to prepare a movement program accompanied by music to develop some cognitive-motor abilities and to know the extent of its effect for children aged (9) years. The researchers used the experimental method with equivalent groups with tests (jumping, obstacle crossing test and choosing to designate body parts). The researchers applied the movement program accompanied by music to the experimental group and concluded the following: -
1-The movement program accompanied by music prepared by the researchers has a positive effect in developing some cognitive-motor abilities.
2-The members of the experimental group excelled in the obstacle crossing test and the body parts designation test, and also in the jump test in its various forms

Muay Thai is one of the games that has witnessed great development as a result of the competition of the countries of the world in innovating modern scientific methods of training and preventing the risks of injuries that may affect players as a result of physical effort exceeding the normal limit and affecting the individual's functional organs and systems, and through the optimal use of preventive mechanics, the level of technical, physical, psychological and functional performance can be developed. The aim of the research was to prepare a proposed program to develop and protect the muscles working on the shoulder joint among Muay Thai players and to know the effect of the proposed preventive program.
The researcher used the experimental method on a sample of four players from the Iraqi youth Muay Thai team. The researcher prepared a set of exercises (stretching and muscle strength exercises) to develop the muscle strength of the shoulder joint among Muay Thai players (research sample) based on a number of scientific sources and experts. He also used many tests and measurements and the researcher concluded the following: -
1-Preventive preparatory measures must be taken during training in the Muay Thai game, especially for young people, in order to protect them and prevent them from injuries due to training.
2-Muscle stretching exercises with rubber bands and different weights can be used to train young players in Muay Thai aged 11-13 years.