Tikrit Journal of Pure Science

The present study included the testing of 822 students from both genders male and female &om 15 primary
schools in different regions and districts in economic and social level in Kirkuk province for monitoring and
searching about head lice for period from December 2012 till April 2013 .
The present study revealed that the total infection rate of24.08o/o in general schools ofthis study, and 187 girls
were suffered from head lice with rate of 3l.53Yo tom total girls of 593 girl and I I boys suffered from this
infection with rate of4.80 fiom total males of229 student.
The status of suffering was appeared in all ages and the higher rate was between (8 - 9) years with rate of
l2.l47o for females and 2.18% for males , then the age b€tween (10 - l2) years with rate of 10.797o for female
and 30.560/o for males , as the rate of infection was 8.60% for female and 0.87 for males , and the rate of
infection was 18.38% in girls , and 3.05% for boys flom illiterate mother , as the rate of infection was 13.157o in
girls , and 1.74 for boys from educated mothers and registered higher rate of infection at girls of families that it's
members is between (5 member above) as 26.640/o for girls and 3.49%o for boys , on the other side the rate of
student girls of families that it's member less than 5 member was 4.897o and 1.31% for boys.
The higher rate of infection was registered among the long hair girl students with '16.350/o and 3.39% for boy
students, as the rate ofshort hair girl students was l5.l7oZ and 0.87% for boys.
The higher rate of suffering in straight hair girls was 25.637o and 3.05% for boys, and less rate in curly hair girls
of 5.90% and 1.749o for boys and appeared that the higher rate of suffering in thick hair girls was 2l.24Yo and,
3.49% for boys , as the less rate of suffering ofthin hair girls was l0.28yo and l.3l% for bols .
The study revealed and appeared the activity of using natural oil such as (garlic oil , almond oil , coconut oil ) in
getting rid ofinfection with head lice particularly at mixing more than one oil together

This study was conducted at the Animal House of the General Company for the pharmaceutical industry in
Samarra To know the effect ofthe drug clomiphene Street and pregnyl aqueous extract ofgreen tea on ovary of
Albino famale rabbits which have oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (0.5%)for (21) days, And
knowledge ofthe impact ofthese transactions on some variables and blood biochemical and hormonal including:
the packed cells volume(pcv), Blood Haemoglobin (Hb), Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), White Blood
Cells(WBC), And the concentration of each of the Cholesterol, TriGlyceride, High density lipoproteincholesterol HDL-C, Low density lipoprotein --cholesterol LDL-C, Very low density lipoprotein- cholesterol
VLDL-C, Urea.Uric acide, Creatinin, Luteinizing Hormone (LlD, Follicles Stimulation Hormone (FSH),
Prolactin Hormone, Esterogen Hormone, progesteron Hormone, Malondialdehyed ( MDA), Glutathion , This
study included a30 rabbits (Sprauge Dawely) at age 12 to 16 months,and weight at(1400-l600kg) After
laboratory testing and ensure safety ofanimal diseases were divided randomly intol0 major groups, each group
consist of 3 rabbits as follows;Control group., Hydrogen peroxide treated group (0.5%)., Pregnyl treated group
(10 mg,&g My weight)., Clomephen citrate treated group (10 mg/kg body weight) .,Green tea treated group
(150 mg/kg body weight) with Hydrogen peroxide ., Pregnyl treated group (10 mg/kg body weight) with
Hydrogen peroxide., Clomephincitrate treated group (10 mg/kg body weight) with Hydrogen peroxide ., Pregnyl
treated group (10 mg/kg body weight) with Green tea., Clomephincitrate treated group (10 mg/kg body weight)
with Green tea ., Green tea treated group (150 mg.&g body weight), And after the end of the period of the
experiment conducted some tests phlsiological and biochemical and histological showed influence follows
I - The results showed that oxidative stress led to a significant decrease when the level ofsignificance (p <0.05)
compared with the control Intact in PCV. Hb. HDL-C.Uric acid, Creatinin .Esterogen, LLI, Prolactin , FStl,
GSH, While lncreased ES& WBCs. Blood Glucose. Cholesterol, TG , LDL-C, VLDL-C, Progesteron, MDA.
2- The results ofthis study that the lreatment led to the events ofBoth drugs significant decrease at level of
significance (p <0.05) compared with the control Intact (healthy)in PCV, Hb, Cholestero, IHDL-C, LDL-C, Uric
acid, Creatinin, LH, FSH, Prolactin. GSH While Increased ES& WBCS, Blood Clucose, TG, Creatinin,
Progesteron, Esterogen. MDA.
3- Results ofthe study found that treatment ofboth drugs + tDO2 led to a significant decrease when the level of
significance (p <0.05) compared with control infected PCV, Hb, ESR, Cholesterol, LDL-C, TG, VLDL-C, Urea,
Creatinin, Prolactin, MDA While lncreased Esterogen, LH, GSH.
4- The study results showed that treatment of abstract watery green tea led to a significant decrease (p <0.05)
compared with the control healthy in,sr WBC5, Blood Glucose, Cholesterol, TG. VLDL-C, Urea, Uric acid,
Esterogen, LH, FSH, MDA While Increased HDL-C. Creatinin. GSH .
5- The study results showed that treatment of both drugs + aqueous extract ofcreen tea to the occurrence ofa
significant decrease (p <0.05) compared with the control Intact (healthy)in WBCs .Blood Glucose. Cholesterol,
TG , LDL-C, VLDL-C. Urea. Uric acid, MDA While lncreased Creatinin, Esterogen, Prolactin.
6- The study revealed that the current real estate clomiphene Street and Pregnyl effect on histology ofthe ovary,
as their treatment led to the emergence ofthe preparation ofprimary follicles in ovarian cortex and the back ofa
limited numb€r of secondary follicles, Did not notice the presence of a vesicle Krav, while observed in the $oup
of green tea that the surface ofthe ovary did not show the germ cells, while characterized by crust ovarian
existence ofa number offollicles developing container cells ovale and is surrounded by a number of follicular
cells, it was noted in the group of hydrogen peroxide that crust ovarian characterized by the presence of
hemorrhage inside the cavity ofmature follicles also contained blood cells Alhmmerma some white blood cells,
did not notice the presence ofthe egg inside the follicle, note that there is infiltration of inflammatory cells and
Allmufah fiequently around the perimeter ofthe follicle.

From September of20l2 to June of20t3, a total of245 cutaneous leishmania samples were taken in Sirqat in
outpatient clinics in Sirqat General Hospital , Province ofSalah al-din. The results showed that the ulcers were
comparable between the sexes without significance differences between male and female groups and most ofthe
cases were multiple ulcers by 68% and less 327o for single ulcers. ulcers include.d all parts ofthe body with a
conc€ntration on the face by 32o/o of case and upper and lower parts by 27/o and 2570 respectively and by 3:2 .
97o recorded on the trunk and 47o on the neck. the ulcers size ranged b€twe€n 6-0.3 Cm and most ofthe ulcers
ranged between 1-3 Cm with the rule ofdry ulc€rs on wet ulcers by 617o . The highest percent appeared in
Jan uary an d February by '18 .360/o and I 6. 77o of ulcers, respect ively.
The presence of antibodies specialized for parasitc infection was Investigated in serum of 60 of the infected
cases to confirm that the infections were caused by the parasite and not by bacteria or another organisms .
Results showed that 85oZ were positive for the antiMy IgM. While 63.33% were positive for IgG. 52.502 of
samples did not show any gromh ofthe bacteria, while the proportion ofsamples positive and which appeared
to showed gro*th were 47.5% ofsamples and completed the diagnosis steps on it and these bacterial species
were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonioe, Stapltylococcus aureus, Slaphylococcus epidermidis atl,d
Slreplococcus Wogenes .
Positive samples for St.epidermides were 53.5%, while 31.57o of cases were positive for the species Sl. aureus
and 6.85o/o of infections in S pyogenes and 5.51o. of infected cases by the species E. coli all in ch ildren under
the age ofnine and 2.7yo cases of infections for the species K. pneumoniae. The secondary skin infection in
males were 547o, and this percentage is the highest compared with samples from females, which was 46%o .

In present work, specific method was utilized for determining biologically atmospheric nitrogen fixing which
includes three steps: digestion, distillation and titration. Nitrogen fixing was determined in seven species of local
blue green algae isolates (in Mosul city), these species (Nos/oc muscorum, Anqbqena helicoideq, Arthrospira
platewis, Lyngbya lqylorii, Oscillatoria limnetica, Oscillatoria tenuies qnd Chroococcus limneticus). The best
incubation period which achieved a high amount ofnitrogen fixing is fifteen day and it was reached to (20.80,
19.01, 15.12, 12.48, 16.40, 16.60 and 8.01 mg/L) for understudy isolates, respectively. Also the highest
percentage of nitrogen fixing was achieved for understudy isolates which synomounosly increased with
increasing amount of nitrogen fixing, ( 1.48, 1.12, 1.22, 0.99, 1.28, 1.31 and 0.89%). Also, the results revealed
that the frequency of heterocysts of filamentous algae (Nostoc and Anabeano) was increased with increasing
incubation period and for fifteen day. Generally, the highest rate of daily growth and weights of biomass was
achieyed after fifteen day. lncreasing of final pH was also observed as compared with initial pH for all
understudy isolates and under affect all incubation period. This study revealed that the amount ofnitrogen fixing
for tested isolates affected directly with exogenous nitrogen source supply into the medium, so the amount of
nitrogen fixing was increased because the utilized method determined the total amount ofnitrogen in sample and
also the addition of nitrogen source into the medium stimulated the gowth and elevated the biomass, protein
content and percentage ofnitrogen. Furthermore, the final pH increased significantly from initial pH under this
condition. The results showed, a remarkable declined in heterocysts frequency when nitrogen source was added
to the medium. The effect of illumination regime on nitrogen fixation was also studied, the data revealed, that the
tested isolates showed variation in their response under this condition. Nostoc, Anabeana and, Arthrospira
showed maximum ability of nitrogen fixing when illuminated under (lE hour light :6 hour dark) while the
remaining algae revealed maximum nitrogen fixing values when illuminated under continuous photoperiod, also
the percentage of nitrogen fixing, the rate of daily glo\ th rate, biomass weights and protein content showed
same manner.

A total of(134) samples were collected from inpatients and out patients attending Tikrit Teaching hospital from
both sexes and different ages to determine E.coli genes (aggi,SZZl).These specimens included 29 swabs from
cases of Otitis media, 35 fiom Wound cases, 6 fiom Burn cases and 40 Urine samples from UTI cases and 24
diarrheal samples with respect to clinical samples, on the other hand the environmental samples (54) samples
were collected fiom soil and water, of then 43 samples from soil and 1l water samples. lsolates were identified
according to morphlogical ,microscopic and cultural characterstics .ldentification results showed that 33 clinical
isolates (24.6 %o) were E.coli. distributed as: 3(10.3%) from Otitis media,5(14.2%o) liom Wounds, 1(16.6%)
from Burns, l0(25%) from UTI and l4(58.3%) from diarrheal cases, for environmental samples identification
results showed that ll enyironmental isolates (22.2yo) werc rcoli, distributed as 6\ 13.9% from soil and 6\
54.syo watet. Thirty isolates were chosen from different sites ofinfections (4 isolates from each infection sites)
and llom environmental isolates to evalute the prevalenc€ of(SZII, aggR) genes in these isolates by PCR using
specific primers.The results of PCR showed the presence of aggR gene in 8(100%) chosen isolates, and SLT.I
gene is found in (50%) isolates and then 2 (50%) from Wound and 2 (50%) from diarrheal cases. Function of
these genes and through the results ofthe electrophoresis of polfnerization product ofthe genes under study it
can be concluded that the pathogenic strain Eenteroaggregative E. coli is the most common among
environmental isolates and which were confirmed in terms ofgene aggR which is a diagnostic gene for this
pathogenic strain in Tikrit city environment, while the strain the most common among clinical isolates are
pathogenic strain Enterohemorrhagic E. coli, which has been confirmed in terms of gene SZZl which is a
diagnostic gene for this pathogenic strain at the Tikrit Teaching Hospital.

The effects of Marlicaria chamomillq and Tlrymus vulgaris plant extracts were studied on Growth inhibition of
the pathogenic bacteria ofpharyrgitis and tonsillitis lnfections .The chemical tests were made for preparing the
extracts, the watery, alcoholic and oily extracls of M.chamomilla contained resins, tannins ,phenols, flavonoids
,tenpins ,steroids ,alkaloids ,glycosides and volatile oils when prepared extracts as well as T.vulgaris conlained
resins ,tannins, phenols, flavonoids ,terpens, steroids ,alkaloids ,glycosides ,saponins and volatile oils in prepared
extracts. The anti-microbial activity ofthese extracts was tested on eighl R?es of pathogenic bacteria which were
isolated liom tonsillitis and pharyngitis infections, since the water extract, alcoholic extract and oily extract for
M.chamomillq,T.vulgariswerepreparedinconcentrationsof(5,15,30,45,60,120mgim1).Theinhibitoryeffect
ofthese extracts were studied for all the isolated bacteria which showed variable sensitivity for these extracts
.Watery and oily extracts for M chamomilla were more effective on isolated bacteria ,
in comparison with alcoholic extract which was with variable effect. Extracts of il vzlgaris of alcohol ic and oily
were more effective on isolated bacteria in comparison with watery extracts which were with variable effect,the
Minimum inhibition concentration(MIC) ofalcoholic and watery and oily extracts were also determined and the
results showed variable concentrations according to q?e ofexfact and bacterial species.

Factorial experiment was conducted in pots to study the efects of the inoculation of Mycorrhiza fungus
G.mosseae,Trichoderza fungus T.harzianum.Rhizoctonia fur,gtrs R.solqni ard their interaction on the
perecentage of Mycorrhiza infection root, shoot part dry weight,phosphorus concentration in the green part and
disease severity of R.so/ani. The results revelled that infection of R.solani gave 75% the cabbage, antibiosis of
isolate T.harzianum was 2 to put Bell.The results showed the inoculated teatments of G.mosseqe and
T.hanianum were significantly increased comppared with non inoculated treatments of Mycorrhiza infection
perecentage of root, shoot part dry weight,phosphorus concentration in the green part, The perec€ntage
inceeased with G.mosseae and T.hqrziqnum inoculated were((200,46,50), (30,42,36)%for three characters
respectively.
As for the inoculated treatments of R.solani was negative and cause adecrease in the Mycorrhiza infection
perecentage of root, shoot part dry weight and phosphorus concentration in the green part compared with non
inoculated teatments of R.so/ar?i,
its give without inoculated treatments of R.solani(48.75o/o,21.22ggm.plarltst,0.287o)while inoculated treatments
of R.solani(26.25ok,l5.7E22gm.plants-t,0.17%) for three characters respectively.
The interaction b€tween G.mosseae and T. horzianum significante increased on the dual inoculated compard with
alone heatments in shoot part dry weight,of value combined inoculation of G. mosseae and T.harzianum
(25.72gm.plants-r)while inoculated treatment of lvl*T1 I 8.3272gm.plants-t)and inoculated treatmentM' T*
( 17.8132?2gm.plants-r). The influence interaction combined of IrdT*R showed maximum conc€nteration in
Mycorrhiza infection perecentage ofroot, shoot dry weight and phosphorus concentration in the green part were
give(75/o,27.52 gm.plants-t,0.37%o), and non infection disease severity offt.solazi was give 0. Morever, adding
M-rRtminimum concenfation were (10%,9.08 gm.plants'r,0.13%) and maximum of disease severity was
in shoot dry weight,phosphorus concentration in the green part 0.75. too superior treatmens M T*R* on M*l-R.
13.90 ()but M.T-R. %,0.3 gm.plantsr ',0.lE and disease severity of R.solqni, were gaye M-TA.(16.22
9'o) for three characters respectively. ,0.16,0.43 gm.plantsr

Collected 80 samples from patients with suffered ofthe urinary tract , cultured on different media and diagnosed
isolates through phenotypic and culturing characteristics, showed the results ofthe diagnosis that the 20 isolates
belonging to the type P.aeruginosa, tested the sensitivity ofthese isolates to antibiotics and the resuhs showed
resistance of all isolates to antibiotics Carbencillin,, Ceftriaxon, Cefixime by (100%) and demonstrated
resistance by ( 607o ) of the Gentamicin Tobramicin, Amikacin and were less resistant to antibiotics Cefepenim,
Norfloxacin, Imipen em in ratio(9.2Yo), ( 10.2o/o ) and ( 8% ) respectively , were selected 9 isolates depending on
its ability to resist many of the antibiotics to evaluation the spread of genes PLcH, PLcN, eroS within these
isolates by specialized primers usingthe technique ofPC& showed the results ofPCR the presence ofgene eroS
which encoded external S enzyme in rate 9/7 isolates and by (o/o 7'1.77 ) of the isolates and the gene P LcH which
encoded external enzyrne haemolysin (the blood haemolysis) in the 9/6 isolation at a rate (o/o 66.66 ) either gene
PZcN encoded extemal haemolysin enzlme (the blood non haemolysis) in the 9/7 isolation at a rate (yo 7'7.77 )
P.aeruginosa isolales ofbacteria under study .

Abstract
The study was aimed to investigating the ability oftow fungicides Topsin-M and Rizolex to induce mutations
resistant to the toxic base analogue 8-aza aden ine (aza) on con idia of the fungus ,4 spetgillus qmstelodami .Three
sublethal concentrations from each Rizolex (0.l, 0.3, 0.5pg/ml) and Topsin-M (0.07, 0.1, 0.l4pglml) were tested
for their ability to induce the AZA mutants. All these concentrations were sublethal. Two processing were used
to test the mutagenabilty ,
the first was pretreatment, where in its were treated the conidia with the fungicide for
a fixed time before plating on selective media containing agent (8-azaadenine); and plate incorporation where
the fungicide and the selective agent were incorporated together in the groMh plate .In both processing, the
colonies were growing on the selective medium considered resistant and their ftequency was compared with the
spontaneous fiequency and with the frequency induced by the positiye mutagen UVC. In all experiments the
frequency ofthe fungicide-induced resistant mutants did not differ significantly llom their spontaneous ones

The ability of some selected local Basidiomycetes fungi and their intraction on reduction of somw minerals
found in waste water ofNorth refinery company /Baji .The biosorbtion is the essential principles that depend on
biological treatment of petroleum wastes in water, the results showed a significant reduction in all fungi
treatment in all studied mineral elements in all refinery stations. The maximum reduction ratio wa 9,8%o of
YanadilJlm by Pleurotus ostreatus,96yo of Cobaltby (Phellinus sp. x P.ostreatus),86% ofNickel by Agrocybe.
aegerita , 100%o of apper by all fungi treatment except ofP.ostreatus, 100% of frdres by.1 . aegerita , l00yo of
Zenicby (P.ostreatus x A. aegerita),62.9% ofNitrate,78.8% ofsulfate, 7l% ofphosphate by (Phellinus sp. x
A. aegerita).According to this results, the biological treatment using Basidiomycetes macrofungi regard a
promise method for mineral reduction from the polluted water.

100 samples were collected liom out patients attending Tikrit, teaching hospital and private clinics in Tikrit city
was performed from the period September 2012 to April 2013 Direct miuoscopic examination showed fungal
infection in (65%) of studied cases, while the culture showed (56%). were females most afected as the number
offemales 52 and males 48 The results ofthe culture showed seven qpes offungal skin which date back all to
one sex is Trichophyton where Showed that the Trichophyton .rubrum most commonly at a mte ( l670) on the
fungal species isolated Other experiments of the study were performed on 3 isolated fungal species 71
mentagroplrytes,T.sodanense ,T,rubrum and C.qlbicans and Aspergillus . niger . The highest rate of infection
was in age group (21-30) years. Clinically, infections were classified into seven Wes Tineq corporis revealed
the highest rate of infection(21) case at a rate of (73.5%) has been detected for the active ingredients in the plant
extracts and measuring concentrations of some components ol camel milk and measuring some organic
ingredients for camel milk and urine The study results showed that the current water and alcoholic extraction
plant extracts and urine and milk of camel impact toward the high three fungal species isolated and proportional
relationship b€tween them was a greatff concentration of extract increased with the inhibitory effect him the
high effect in concentration mg /ml to almost the study fungi and the low effect is l0 mg /ml as noted by the
results ofthe current study that the lnhibitory effect ofthe current water and alcoholic extraction plant extracts
and urine & milk camel's

This study concerns the chemistry of cycloheptatriene bearing arylsulphonyl, triphenyl arsinyl, methoxide,
ethoxide, acetate, phenoxide, benzoate, benzene sulphonate, Nitro,and amino substituents .
UV study ofthe prepared compounds (lD-l lD) showed hyperchromic and red effects, While IH-NMR ofthese
compounds did not show significal chemical shift for proton H7

In this work the S),nthesis of new polymers (chitin-binder -drug) as polymeric systems containing drug was
carried. The release ofthe drugs in vitro in deferent bafer solutions was studied. First part ofthe work included
rhe exrraction and purificion ofchitin from Shrips Shells(r). The second part include the Synthesis of (chitinbinder-drug)(2). The third part was the release of pure drug ftom the polymer slstem at three pH different
(pHl.2), (pH7.4), (pH9.a)(

This research included a study of oxidant and antioxidant levels in camel milk and local buffalo milk and its
relation with lactoperoxidase activity (LP) by measuring (ll) biochemical parameters which include:
lactoperoxidase (LP), glutathione S- transferase (CsT),vitamin E, yitamin C, ceruloplasmin (Cp), albumin,
glutathione (GS[I), malondialdehyde (MDA), peroxinitrate (ONOO), calcium and uric acid. The study was
carried out on (39) samples ofmilk (14) samples ofcamel milk and(25) samples of buffalo milk.
Results reyealed a significant increase in camel milk compared to buffalo milk in the level of: vitamin E, Cp,
GSH and Uric acid, while a significant decrease ofLP, GST, Albumin, MDA and Peroxynitrite.
The results demonstrated that there was a significant negative correlation betwe€n GST, vitamin E and GSH with
LP and significant positive correlation for MDA with LP. There was a non-significant positive correlation for
vitamin C, alb. and uric acid and a non-significant negatiye correlation in Cp, Ca, and perox),nitrate with LP for
both camel and butralo milk

Abstract
This research includes the preparation and characterization of a number of heterocyclic compounds of the
following tlTes:
. Penta-h eterocycl ic rings.
. Hexa-heterocyclic rings.
, Seven-heterocyclic rings.
Where she attended these compounds anicle Thiocarbohydrazide (l), through conversion of
Thiocarbohydrazide to hydrazones (2,3,4) of reaction with compound carbonyl (benzaldehyde, 4-
chlorobenzaldehyde, acetophenone) and then reactance hydrazones with sodium azide to prepare compounds
tetrazole (5), or with Anthranilic acid (2- amino benzoic acid ) for preparation ofcompounds quinazole (6), or
reaction with anhydrous acid (maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride) for the purpose ofpreparing Oxazepine (?)
(8).
Characterization of the synthesized compounds were established by infrared spectra, and NMR spectra
'H{'tc}N.M.R & "c{'g}N.u.n .

Abstract
This research included (52) blood samples tom diabetic patients of both sexs with ages ranged (35-75) years
which were divided into groups according to the sex, age, and smooking with (30) other blood samples from
apparently healthy subject of both sexs with the same age ranges as patients.
l.Results indicated that there was a significant increase (p<0.01) in the concentration of glucose in the sera of
diabetic patients compared bath control group
,
there was a significant increase (p<0.05) in glucose concentration
in the serum ofdiabetic patients compared to control group, while were was a non-significant diffiences between
males and females, there was a significant increase (p<0.01) in the serum of smoking diab€tic patients
compared to conlrol group, while there was a significant increase (p<0.05) in the serum of smoking diabetic
patients compared with non- smoking diabetic patients.
2. There was a significant increase (p<0.01) in the (NT) concentration among differenc age groups in the serum
of diab€tic patients compared with control groups, there was a significant increase (p<0.05) in (NT)
concentration in the serum of diabetic patients difference age groups, while there was a non significant
difference among both sex, there was a significant inffease (p<0.05) in the serum ofsmoking diabetic patients
compared to non-smoking diabetic patients and there was a significant increase (p<0.05) in the serum of
smoking and non-smoking in diabetic patients compared with control groups..

The studied area comprises (31 lkm' ) within Satahaddin Governorate between Tuz Kiurmato East and Tikit
West between (448000 - 468000) East and (3870000 - 3845000) North, The current study includes appllng the
vertical electric sounding (VES) by using Schlumberger configuration, the measurements ofapparent resistivity
measured in (25)VES points in located area, along four electric profiles, The apparent resistivity curves offield
data were drawn and interpreted qualitatively. The nature ofthe curves are grouped into twelve categories, Then
the curves were interpreted quantitatively by Auxiliarypoint method using Ebret method to find out the yalues of
quantitative resistivity and thickness ofthe electrical zones. After that, the sounding curves were interpreted
automatically by the computer program using (IPI2win) applying the lnverse interpretation method. The
estimated values of Transmissivity (T) in aquifer by using pumping tset results in (4) wells within study area
which is near of VES point while hydraulic conductivity (K) values of aquifer has been found from
Transmissivity (T) values ofaquifer, the moyement ofdirect ground water was limited in study area which was
fiom( north - east) to (south west). Many empirical relations have been put between the geo€lectrical
parameters, and the Hydraulic parameters, and using estimated Transmissiyity (T) and hydraulic conductivity
(K) can be estimated from resistivity(p) or transverse resistivity (pt) relations or any extracted relations in this
study can be applied .

The present study deals with the suitability ofFat'ha Formation clays for manufacturing ofroofing tiles industry
in Al-Ziwiya Are4 Salahalddin Governorate/ Northern haq through four selected outcrop sections (A, B,C and
D). The )(RD analysis shows that these clays are mainly composed of clay minerals like: illite, palygorskite,
chlorite, kaolinite and montmorillonite, in addition to the non-clay minerals like: quartz, feldspar, calcite,
dolomite, hematite, go€thite and gypsum.
Chemical analysis ofthe studied outcrops ofFat'ha deposits revealed that they are composed of several oxides.
The Results of the physical properties of studied samples, in terms of Grain size analysis shows the types as
sandy mud, mud and clay and characterized as Plastic, medium plasticity and high plasticity and can be easily
formed and appropriate to the tiles industry, the plasticity increased with clay liaction.
120 test tiles size 8 * 4* I cm were prepared using the semi-dry pressing method and fired at temperatures 900,
1000, and 1050"C. The physical and mechanical tests for the briquettes (small tiles) were conducted after firing
which includes: color, linear shrinking, water absorption, water saturation coefiicient, efflorescence, and
strength. The results show decreases in the rate of water absorption, water saturation coemcient and
efflorescence with increase of temperature. Also the rate of linear shrinking in most of the studied samples
increases with temperature. The colors ofthe samples ranged fiom light brown to pale yellow. The recognized
minerals after firing for the briquettes by XRD showed the presence of new phases and minerals such as:
diopside, wollastonite, mullite, forsterite, and anorthite due to the decomposition ofessential minerals and many
reactions between the ions.
The evaluation tests for the suitability ofFat'ha Formation clays ofthe studied area for roofing tiles industry are
carried out on the channel sample, which shows that these deposits can be used for this industry ofclass 2 and 3
according to the American Standard (ASTM C- l167-03,2009)

Sixteen sediment samples have been collected from the basins of deposition of industrial and Domestic water
stations. Crain size analysis of the sediments show that the sediment become finer down the river, and that
evidence of decreasing energy, in addition to the efect of the river morphology and river nature. The clay
minerals which identified by XRD are: (Kaolinite, tllite, Montimorilonite, Chlorite and Palygoriskite) ,
the clay
minerals derived tom old clastic formation in the area and deposited direaly from water. The heavy metals
which have been determined by Atomic absorption are (Zn, Ni, Cu, Cr and Fe)in limits more than stander but
(Pb, Cd and Co) less than stander, that pollution caused by industrial effect, oil effect, the use of chemical
fertilizers, oprations throw waste into the river without treatment, these elements have been identified as the
most impact on the human life which are contaminated elements

The study included the preparation the samples of compounds (Bi2Ba3Ca2Cu3O16*6) by solid state reaction
method and by using method ofannealing temperature (l123 K) with hydraulic pressure 8 ton/cm'.
The study obtained that the X-ray diftaction of compound (Bi:Ba:Ca:CurOro*o) have crystalline structure of
Tetragonal t)?e. When partial substitution of Cd element in Bi element to be the compound in formula (Bi2-
*Cd*Ba:Ca:CurOro*E) with different rates of (x) it will be equal to (0. I ,0.2,0.3,0.4). Where the results of the
examination of the cr)stal structure that the installation remains conservative on the Tetragonal t)?e, While
inoeasing the critical temperature of(13I K) to (l38K) and that when increasing the value of (x) of(0.1) to (0.2).
In the case of increase the value of (x) to (0.3,0.4) decreased the critical temperature and the change of
compound fiom Tetragonal to Orthorhombic.

Abstract
Samples of the compound (Tl:SrzCa:Cu:Oro*e) had been studied and prepared by solid state reaction using
annealing method -under different temperatures and hydrostatic pressures. We found that the best annealing
temperature is 840oC and best hydrostatic pressure is 8ton/cm2.
Studying the X-ray diffiaction for the prepared compound at 840oC annealing temperature and 8ton/cm2
hydrostatic pressure showed that it has a crystalline structure of Tetragonal tlpe. Also it showed that the best
ration of oxygen in the compound (S) is (10.42), and this ratio gave the highest value for the critical temperature
Tc, as this proportion ofoxygen in the compound has a basic role in increasing the critical temperature value.
At the mole€ular compensation for the element Mercury (Hg) in the element Thallium (TL), and the element
Barium (Ba) in the element Strontium (Sr) at the same time, the compound becomes as the following formula:
Tl2,*HgSr2,rBarCazcuroro*8 with different rates of (x,y) equal (x= 0.3, 50.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4). The compound
keeps on its Tetragonal tlT,e at the molecular compensation where the critical temperature for the compound
increased fiom 1420k to 1480k at the compensation rate of (x=0.3, 50.1). But when the compensation rate of (x)
and (y) increased, a change occurred in the crystalline structure and decreasing the critical temperature.
Also, in this research, we study the samples; examine the crystalline, surface, qualitative and quantitative
stucture by the scanning electron microscope; findingthe rates ofthe elements in the compound, and the impact
of the molecular compensation in the elements for the compound; determine the percentage of oxygen and
quantitatiye composition ofthe elements in the compound.

One of the most difficult task in image processing is image segmentation which depend on heterogeneous area
and separated from other area. Existing methods are not good enough to give a general algorithm for all R?e of
images.
In this work image segmentation have been applied, which depend on gpe of swarm intelligent to solve the
problem oftraditional methods. This work depends on a number ofant colonies which competed to get citizens
in the image by put a qpe ofpheromone differ from one colony to other

Abstract
In this research a model of Dpamic NN(NA$O was applied to estimate the daily Evaporation of Mosul city
using certain climate parameters(the maximum and the minimum temperature ,rain ,relative humidity ,wind
speed and the sun shine )for any day in the year
, and comparison for Static NN like FFBPNN, CFBPNN . Each
ofthese networks has two architecture: an architecture with four layers and five cells in hidden layers from one
hand, and an architecture with five layers and five cells in the hidden layers from the other.
Different algorithm were used for the training like: Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (LM), Quasi-Newton
algorithm (BFGS), Conjugate Gradient algorithm (CFG), Gradient Desc€nt algorithm (GD) and Gradient
Descent with Momentum algorithm (GDM). Data was obtained from the forecast Directorate in AlRashede).yah
district in Nineveh Province for the period (1995-2008) and used in the research. Dataoften years for the period
(1995-2004)was employed lo develop the models and the data of four years was used to evaluate the models and
to compare their outputs with the data measured for the period(2005-200E). Moreover; determination co€fiicient
R square (R2) and the Root Mean Square Error ( RMSE) methods were used to estimate the level of
correspondence for the measured data and NN outputs to select the b€st prediction model llom the models
applied.
Results showed that the NARX with(LM) algorithm is efficient in improving a prediction model to estimate the
daily Evaporation as the value ofcoefficient estimation was 0.99, and this is mnsidered the best and the fastest
algorithm iftemp€rature, rain, relative humidity ,wind sp€ed and sunshine data available for any day in the year.
Keywords: Dynamic NN, Static NN, Gradient Descent, Gradient Descent with Momentum, Conjugate
Gradient, Quasi - Newton,Levenberg - Marquardt .