Euphrates Journal of Agricultural Science

This study was carried out of 24 sheep belonging to the Field College of Agriculture and Forestry University of Mosul. Ages ranged between 3-6 years and have been studying the effect of age and location of sampling (shoulder, back and tail). On some physical and chemical qualities of wool ewes Hamdania. Was measured as the weight of raw fleece and clean, the proportion of clean wool, the length of extensions, the length of the fiber, the number of crimp, the proportion of fat and estimate the values of pH of the wool . The results showed a significant effect of age and at a level (a ≤ 0.01) in the number of crimp and the values of pH as it amounted to 10484 ± 0.178, 1.645 ± 0.287, 1.279 ± 0.492 and 1.492 ± 0.140 crimp / cm and 9.947 ± 0.040, 9.986 ± 0.141, 10.039 ± 0.056 and 9.982 ± 0.316 respectively for the reconstruction of 3.4, 5 and 6 years, while there was no significant differences in other characteristics. Was also noted for the back than at the level of moral and (a ≤ 0.01) in the length of the fiber and reached 14.848 ± 1.336, 16.515 ± 1.544 and 15.903 ± 1.843cm for the three regions respectively. It was also noticed over the shoulder area morally and at the level of (a ≤ 0.05) in the number of Alttnaat and the percentage of fat from the regions of the back and the mechanism as it amounted to 1.668 ± 0.128, 1.455 ± 0.110 and 1.301 ± 0.128 crimp / cm and 4.227 ± 0.701, 3.670 ± 0.507 and 3.879 ± 0.450 %, respectively. Outperformed the shoulder area as well as morally and at the level of (a ≤ 0.01) in the value of pH of the wool from the regions of the back and the mechanism as it amounted to 10.290 ± 0.169, 9.437 ± 0.170 and 10.238 ± 0.184, respectively.

Chemical analysis of groundwater samples taken from old and new wells, there were (30) new wells sampled in the studied area besides the information of 60 old wells (data bank wells- Ministry of Water Resources), showed that the groundwater was not suitable for drinking and industry but it is suitable for animal watering, building and most types of summer and winter crops because the salinity of the water is within the permissible limits when considering the nature of the soil. The best water quality in Umm Er Radhuma aquifer is found in the recharge zone at the western edge of the aquifer where it is recharged by Wadi Horan. The groundwater TDS value ranges between (1000 – 2000) ppm, increasing with the flow direction toward the east and the northeast until it attains a value of about 5000 ppm in the discharge zone in the east part of Umm Er Radhuma aquifer.

The research aimed at Estimation the knowledge level of fish breeder in the district of Hawija / Kirkuk governorate in general, to identifying the correlation between the level of knowledge to fish breeders and the independent variables examined and identifying the level of knowledge in each items that research included
For the purpose of obtaining data for research questionnaire adopted which composed of two parts: first, the information on aspects of personal, social and communicational and part two consisted of 25 items to measure the level of knowledge for fish breeders. Where they were sure of honesty virtual items of the scale, through the submission to the specialists in agricultural extension to ensure the safety of the items of the linguistic side, as was confirmed the veracity of the content of the items of the scale by offering a specialist in fish to make sure the scientific side of the vertebrae, were also measured the stability of scale retail way midterm.
The search included all fish breeders who are in the district of Hawija / governorate of Kirkuk, where I took a simple random sample of them by 40% and by 52 educators.

An experiment was conducted to assess the impact of four plant densities (13.33,16.66,20.0,25.0 plant /m2), and three sizes of seed (large,medium,and small) on yield and its components of fababean A split-plot designe with randomize complet block designe (RCBD ) on three Replication, having occupied the main-plot plant densities while sub-plot seed Size.

Quantitative determinations of the average uptake for K+, Na+ , Mg+2 and Ca+2 ions has been measured. These parameters was considered as indicator of the influence of aging on permeability perturbation of cytoplasmic membranes in terms of adventitious root formation in aged cuttings of mungbean compared to fresh cuttings . The data revealed the followings.

The environmental stress (salinity) in rooting response of Mung bean cuttings by using sodium chloride and sulfate salts was studied. The results revealed significant decrease in rooting response of cutting at concentrations (0.2 , 0.1)M respectively when supplied to cuttings. But when supplied to stock plant the concentrations (0.15 , 0.12)M were inhibitory for rooting response in derived cuttings.Meanwhile the effect of those concentrations on cutting was coincided with decrease in leaf area, ascorbate content and monosaccharide, whereas increase in disaccharide. However, the study of water stress (drought) by using 40% of P.E.G. was significantly inhibitory for rooting response in cuttings, in addition to decline in ascorbate content.

Experiment was conducted in the lath house during the season 2010/2011 to investigate the effect of 4 dates of planting (15/9, 15/10/2009 and 15/3, 15/4 /2010) and 4 concentrations of IBA and thier interaction on the rooting of cuttings and vegetative growth of Bougainvellea Butiana var.Madonna using.C.R.D design with 3 replicates.

Rutba formation was strongly affected by the tectonic & structural evolution of Iraqi western desert which caused wide systems of faults in addition to the surface & subsurface folds and fractures, which helped in storing and passing the ground water easily between different formations in addition to hydraulic connection between different aquifers.

This research was presented to estimate the acreage of crops wheat and rice under hypothesis of reciprocal influence of the process of amending the acreage of various economic factors and to reflect the overlap in the production of crop decisions. The results indicated that the response Madlti Show rice Almekdrtan and wheat under the premise of the amendment process and mutual use in the method Altan SUR equation are selected to represent Alaqppin the cultivated area of crops and related variables. When information was estimated using SUR more efficient than those estimated in accordance with the usual method of least square, which reflects the improvement in the efficiency of the information estimated the values expressed in standard diviation has also estimated that compatibility information for areas planted in previous year for both crops in the supply response Madlti with economic logic and statistical morale supports the hypothesis of reciprocal influence of the process of amending the spaces.

This study was performed to find the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ( MIC ) of some of antimicrobial agents added to solution of casein and gelatin edible film against some of microorganisms. These agents includes lysozyme from hens egg white , Natamycin from streptomyces natalensis and EDTA with lysozyme. These agents were added to Na-caseinate and gelatin film solutions separately. Determination of clear zone diameter in petridish contains one of G+ or G- bacteria or molds were used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration ( MIC ) of these antimicrobial agents. Results showed that the MIC of lysozyme against some of G+ bacteria such as Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp bulgaricus ; Lactococcus lactis; Bacillus sp. and

The present study explores the effect of salicylic acid (SA) and Lead Cloride ( PbCl2) in stopping of oxidative processes that occurs during aging phenomenon in terms of rooting response of aging mung bean cuttings via indole acetic acid (IAA) level. The data revealed, significant increase in rooting response of fresh cuttings at (100-150ppm) and aged cuttings at (0.01, 0.1, 1, 100, 200ppm) in PbCl2 solution. While, high concentration (500ppm) revealed significant decrease in rooting response compared to fresh cuttings treated in d/H2O (control). On the other hand, the data revealed, significant increase in rooting response of fresh cuttings at (25ppm), and aged cuttings at (25-50ppm) in (SA). Salicylic acid is a common plant-produced phenolic compound, which can function as growth regulator, caused off setting the oxidative processes that occurs during aging phenomenon . Quantitative estimation of IAA by spectrophotometric method as indicator for oxidative processes that occurs during aging phenomenon verified significant increase of IAA content in hypocotyls of aging cuttings at low and mediated concentration of ( PbCl2) and (SA) .

Essential oil of Cloves (Syzygium aromaticum) was obtained by steam distillation using a Clevenger-type system. The oil extraction was obtained from 250 g 0f dried plants flowers during 3 h for each run (each run was contained 25 g of plant with 300 ml distilled water). The aqueous phase was separated by separation funnel using diethyl ether, with vigorously shaken. In separation phase each run repeated for 3 times, and in each time the separation funnel containing 50 ml clove extract and 50 ml diethyl ether and shake vigorously for 15 min. Then the oil was obtained by using vacuum rotary evaporator apparatus, until all of the diethyl ether was completely evaporated, leaving the absolute essential oil.

This experiment was carried out at the poultry farm of the College of Agriculture , University of Baghdad during June 12th to the August 8th of 2004, including to study the effect of adding 0,150 and 300 ppb of organic chromium (Cr+3 – Yeast) to the diet on serum proteins of blood broiler chick. A total of 150 day old chicks distributed on the treatments and each treatment divided into two replicates (25 per replicate) .

The study was done to investigate effect of thyme leafs powder on some semen characteristic for broiler breeder males ROSS308,the study were done by use 54male (32 wk. age) divided randomly to three treatments , first was as control group(G1), the second and third(G2,G3) were add the thyme leafs powder in 5&10 kg per ton diet , the semen collection was started in 36wk and the experiment hold to 48wk of male age .

A field experiment was carried out at Al- Kufa in Najaf Governorate /Iraq during winter growing seasons 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 to the study the effects of N-NH4+/N-NO3- ratios of 0:0 , 1:0 , 0:1, 0.50:0.50 , 0.75:0.25 and 0.25:0.75 (NH4+: NO3-) with total nitrogen 400 mg.L-1 on the chemical parameters and calcium oxalate crystals formation of spinach (Spinacea oleracea L.) local cultivar.

(567) fertilized eggs for Japanese quail Coturnix japonica were incubated in automatic incubator and injected (324) eggs from it into chorio-allantois membrane on the 7th embryo age by (0.1) ml of 1 and 1.5% vitamin E solution which had divided on 2 treatments (T2,T3) respectively and divided from it (T4,T5) respectively during eggs production season , on the other hand (243 ) remained eggs didn't inject and considered as control treatment (T1) and divided from it (T6,T7) during eggs production season .(T1,T2 and T3) were included on (9,6 and 6) replications respectively (27 eggs per replication),at hatching the raising (420) chicks according to divided treatments until the sexual maturity (6 weeks) after then the females were sorted only. The experiment was started at (8 weeks) for (3 months) by using (252) females were distributed on 7 treatments (T1: females of control group, T2 and T3: females that produced from in ovo injection by 1 and 1.5 % vitamin E respectively ,T4 and T5: females that produced from in ovo injection by 1 and 1.5 % vitamin E with addition in drinking water by 150 and 300 mg/liter respectively ,T6 and T7: females that produced from without in ovo injection by vitamin E with addition in drinking water by 150 and 300 mg/liter respectively) ,every treatment was included on (3) replications (12 females per replication) to study some productive traits of Japanese quail females.

This study was aimed to investigate the nature of fish culture in cages with it' s comparasion with the traditional culture in the ordinary soil lakes due to the importance of this subject which owing to decreased water shanes from the neighbouring countries and the effect of the lades on the agricultural nature .

The foxes are the commonest carnivores in the most of the territory of Iraq. Their numbers Started to decrease in recent years due; changing in the climate and environmental factors, and their fur to be commercially, and approaching to the people populations to harmful to the birds and domestic animals. The common Red fox in Iraq represented in two subspecies ; - the mountain fox ; Vulpes v. flavescens Gray, 1838: inhabit northern regions of Iraq, and the arabian fox ; Vulpes v. arabica Thomson, 1902 : inhabit the central and southern regions of Iraq, which will be the subject of this research.

The experiment was conducted to study effect (tractor + Chisel and Rotary plow) under two cultural distance (20 and 40) cm and three tractor speed (3.080 ,4.561 , 5.511 )km\hr in some performance parameters , soil physical properties and corn yield . slippage percentage , fuel consumption , field efficiency, soil bulk density, soil penetration resistance, dry weight of root and corn yield The result showed that the chisel plow was significantly superior to the rotary plow in all studied properties. The result showed that the cultural distance 20cm was significantly superior to the cultural distance 40cm in slippage percentage, fuel consumption , and cultural distance 40cm was significantly superior to the cultural distance 20cm in field efficiency ,soil bulk density, soil penetration resistance and all yield properties .increase in tractor speeds from (3.080 to 4.561 and 5.511 )km\hr caused an increase in slippage percentage, soil bulk density, soil penetration resistance ,And decrease fuel consumption , field efficiency and all yield properties .

The study of the extension performance level of the agricultural staff occupies an important place in the extension studies in the field of agricultural sciences .The agricultural employees represent the mainstay of the extension work and the base of the pyramid .So their performance should be recognized and work to raise their efficiency.Thus,this study was to achieve the following objectives :