Sciences Journal Of Physical Education

The metacognitive strategy is one of the modern educational strategies and one of the most important factors of effective learning, as it helps raise the level of awareness of learners to the extent that leads to achieving the goal. During and after the learning process, these processes include awareness of the basic principles of the educational material, planning the educational task that the learner will perform, and then monitoring, reviewing and modifying the processes during work to complete the educational task in the right direction, and then evaluating the success of the plan after completing the educational activities. Accordingly, the knowledge strategy is beyond Perception is a critical and accurate component of effective teaching and learning, because it enables individuals to monitor and regulate their performance, and this in turn is reflected in students’ learning and enables them to learn the material and thus will accelerate their learning. - In exchange for not learning the skill of tapping handball for students, as for the b approach Urge, the researchers used the experimental method. As for the research sample, the first grade of the Palestine Intermediate School for Boys was selected with (203) students, and (90) students were chosen from them by random method. It was arranged into four groups, each group (20) students and (12) students for the exploratory group. The basic skills of handball were determined, namely (handling, tapping and shooting) based on the curriculum of the Ministry of Education. This chapter included preparing the exercises used in the thesis, conducting a pre and post test and using appropriate statistical methods In conclusion, the researchers reached the appropriateness of the metacognitive strategy according to the cognitive style (tolerance and intolerance of stress) for the experimental group in learning the skill of handball tapping for students.

Badminton is one of the games that has its own nature, singularity, contents and educational environment and includes several skills of different difficulty and composition. The research problem included the weakness of badminton players in the skills of the front and back dimensions, as this study aimed to identify the effect of exercises in a sequential and random manner. In developing the accuracy of the performance of the front and back dimensions blow in badminton for the players and to identify the priority of the effect, and in light of the objectives it was assumed that there is a significant difference in the effect and in favor of the random exercise group for the players, the researchers used the experimental method two groups to suit the nature of the research problem, as the research community included ( 14) A regular player in learning badminton representing Al Mahaweel Club for the season 2021-2022 aged (15-17) years, two of them were excluded to be surveyed, and thus the number of the sample became (12) players who represented the research sample as a homogeneity of the community was made and then they were divided By random method, into two experimental groups of (6) players for each group, after excluding (2) for the purpose of the survey, and then doing the pre-test and after reaching its results. The researchers made an equivalent to start with one starting line to implement its exercises throughout the duration of the educational curriculum. Such environments help in the development of the athletic level from all sides, and then the researchers recommended the need to introduce such new environments in sports training operations, Chapter One

This study aims to identify the role of the academic and professional performance of the university professor in achieving the quality of higher education for the faculty members of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at Al-Mustansiriya University, by designing two scales to measure academic and professional performance and quality of education. This research, and the research sample is represented by all the teachers of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences of Al-Mustansiriya University, who number (77). Indicators that measure the quality of higher education in universities. The researcher recommended working on developing a system design for evaluating the performance of a faculty member, including evaluating the quality of educational programs and curricula, the quality of teaching and scientific research, with the participation of students in evaluating performance.

The researcher conducted this study in order to identify the role of administrative communication in achieving effective management decisions in the Football Tennis Federation, as she used a specialized questionnaire to measure the levels of the research variable and achieve its goal. The total number of (18) members, as the entire study community was used as a sample for the study, and as mentioned previously, a questionnaire consisting of (35) items was used, distributed over five areas:
1- Communication patterns (downlink communications, uplink communications, horizontal communications)
2- Administrative means of communication (written means of communication, oral means of communication, and electronic means of communication)
3- Administrative communication skills (writing, speaking, reading and listening)
4- Characteristics of administrative decisions (timing of decision-making, ease of implementation of the decision, acceptance of decisions by those concerned)
5- Information characteristics (timeliness, accuracy, comprehensiveness, clarity). After collecting the questionnaires by the researcher and the assistant work team, which were answered by the research sample, statistical transactions were conducted on them using the statistical program (SPSS), and in the end, the most important results were reached, the most important of which is that the administrative communication has an effective role through its patterns and skills in achieving effective administrative decisions that manage the work of the Union and achieve its objectives.

Back muscle injuries and loss of muscle balance are among the health problems prevalent in a high percentage in the world, as people with back injuries are among the most frequent visitors to orthopedic clinics and physiotherapy. The back is one of the major injuries that greatly affect the mechanics of performance, and thus the player loses strength and does not perform the skill in an ideal and correct manner. In the event of delay or neglect, such an injury can turn into a structural injury that is difficult to treat except with medical intervention. Here lies the importance of the research through the researchers’ attempt to find solutions that may be successful to a real problem that most of the javelin throwers suffer from, which is the rehabilitation of the injured muscles and the speed of the players’ return to the exercise, through the preparation of a rehabilitation approach to treat back muscles and achieve muscle balance for javelin players As for the research problem, the researchers decided to study this real problem in an attempt to find successful solutions in solving this problem by developing a rehabilitative approach to treat the injured muscles by preparing a rehabilitative approach to achieve muscular balance for the players as well as reducing the degree of pain accompanying the injury and the speed of the players’ return to the stadiums with Ensure that these injuries are not repeated, and the research objectives were to prepare a rehabilitation curriculum for balance, and to identify the effect of the rehabilitation approach in achieving muscular balance, some mechanical variables, and the level of achievement among youth javelin throwers. The researchers assumed that there is a positive effect of the proposed rehabilitation program for the treatment of back muscle injuries There is a positive effect of the rehabilitation program in achieving muscular balance, some mechanical variables, and the level of achievement for Dr The effectiveness of javelin throwing players, and the researchers used the experimental method by designing one experimental group with a tribal and remote measurement. As for the research community and sample, the research community was determined in a deliberate way, and they are the players of the training center with the effectiveness of javelin throwing in Dhi Qar Governorate for young people aged (14-16) years. They numbered 20 players

The research problem was manifested on the importance of studying the leadership personality traits of university students, as it is one of the most important fields of psychology and one of the basics of the organizational behavior of the individual in organizing life and employing energies and directing them to the path
Optimal and an indicator of the psychological and social compatibility of the individual and his harmony with the physical and social environment that is characterized by
Continuity, change, and modification
The research aims to:
- Identifying the leadership personality of the students of the fourth stage of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences.
The researchers used the descriptive approach in the survey method for its suitability to the nature and problem of the research. The research community also included the students of the fourth stage / College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / University of Babylon for the morning study. After data collection, analysis and discussion, the researchers summarized several conclusions, the most important of which are:
The students of the fourth stage of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences were distinguished by a high level of leadership personality traits. The researchers also summarized several recommendations, the most important of which are:
Benefiting from the results of the current study in measuring the leadership personality of the students of the fourth stage of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences

The study aimed to identify some of the motor abilities of football and handball players, and to compare these motor abilities between football and handball players, and the researchers assumed that there are statistically significant differences for some motor abilities between football and handball players. The research problem, as for the research sample, it was represented by the football and handball players in the University College of Knowledge for the year 2021-2022, which are 24 players, 12 of them represent the football team and 12 players represent the handball team, and the researchers used the appropriate statistical methods to extract the results and in light of the results The researchers reached a number of conclusions, the most important of which is that handball players enjoy agility in a greater proportion than football players, and that compatibility is morally related to the movements and skills of football and handball and is of importance to the players. For sports teams, coaches test their teams periodically for the components of agility and compatibility to find out their true levels

The research aims to prepare exercises for sense-kinesthetic perception in learning the skills of ball control and soccer scoring for futsal for first-grade intermediate students. The effect of spatio-kinesthetic awareness exercises in learning the skills of ball control and soccer scoring for futsal for first-grade intermediate students was known.
The researcher used the experimental method for its suitability to the nature and problem of the research. As for the sample, it was randomly selected by lottery from first-grade students and by three sections (A), (B), (C), and its number is (90) students, to represent the (A) section of the experimental group and the (B) section of the control group, and the number of The sample members (30 students), and thus the sample percentage was (33.33%) of the research community. The research tools were tests of the skills of scoring and ball control. After conducting the tribal tests and applying the exercises to the members of the experimental group, and then applying the post-tests and obtaining the data, the researcher used the statistical package (SPSS) to process them and get the results, from which he reached the conclusions, the most important of which is: The perception exercises (sense - kinesthetic) in the place used positively affected the learning Students aged (12-14) years for the skills of controlling the ball and scoring in futsal.

The research aims to identify the values of the variables of the H7 system to measure the kinetic response of the best jumping players in the Iraqi national basketball team, and to identify the individual analysis of the variables of the kinetic response time divisions for each of the players in the research sample. Five players were nominated by the coach as the best shooters by jumping points, and five attempts were given to each player according to the measurement method on the H7 system to extract the kinetic response variables, including the response time sections. For each player within his five attempts on the system, the researchers concluded to reveal the strengths and weaknesses of each of the distinguished players in shooting by jumping within the ranks of the national basketball team. There was also no link between the time of the platform and the dominant force, despite the inverse relationship between them, but the results came to some different attempts through the direct relationship that occurred with time and force. Accordingly, there is a clear weakness in some players in the reaction times, the platform and the flight, because they did not invest them well in the total time of the kinetic response. Therefore, the players of the national basketball team need to focus in their training on developing the kinetic response to its importance on the field. Although they recorded high strength values on the podium as well as the push, they did not invest it in decreasing the kinetic response time when applying the measurement to the H7 system.

The researchers used continuous feedback by identifying its effect on learning some basic skills in table tennis. As for the research problem, it was the extent to which some basic skills in table tennis were affected by continuous feedback.
The research aims to
- Recognizing the continuous feedback on learning some basic skills in table tennis.
The researchers used the experimental method for its suitability to the nature and problem of the research, and the sample was represented by the players of the Specialized School of Table Tennis in Al-Muthanna Governorate.

Background: The researchers conducted this study after noticing that coaches did not pay enough attention to the importance of psychological criteria during sports selection and did not determine the level of development of players' performance, either during training sessions or afterwards.
Aim: The aim of this study was to develop standard levels of "psychological barriers" for football players in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq.
Method: The Psychological Barriers Scale (PBS) is a 47-item questionnaire designed to assess psychological barriers in football players, use cloches can use it during sports selection, and gain a better understanding of player performance. For the sake of the assessment of the internal liability and validity construction (N= 113), the descriptive approach is employed in the current work.
Results: Cronbach's alpha was determined to be 0.907, and the Spearman-Brown coefficient was determined to be 0.880. These values exceed (0.70), indicating the stability of the PBS scale is. Furthermore, the Psychological Barriers Scale's average approval rate was statistically significant.
Conclusions: The Psychological Barriers Scale (PBS) is a reliable instrument that could be used to assess psychological barriers. It is also recommended that football coaches at sports clubs pay more attention to the use of the psychological barriers scale in sport selection and for evaluation players' performance proses in.

The javelin throwing competition is one of the important competitions, especially the stage of the last throwing step, where there are many studies that have focused on this subject due to the importance of this stage in javelin throwing. It plays a role in achieving achievement among javelin throwers, while the research problem was through the work of the researcher, a teacher and coach, and his observation of the reality of the effectiveness of javelin throwing. Training some physical abilities to achieve high levels, from here the researcher can see that the problem can be posed in the following form. Does the training program according to the energy exchange system and physical abilities lead to improving the achievement of throwing? As for the research objectives, it is to prepare a training program according to the energy exchange system in developing some capabilities As for the research hypotheses, there are significant differences between the results of the pre and post tests for the control and experimental groups and in favor of the tests The dimensionality was in developing some physical abilities and improving the achievement of javelin throwing. The researcher used the experimental method with the design of equal groups (control and experimental). The sample was divided randomly into two groups, a control and an experimental group, which applied the experimental method and a control group that applied the trainer’s method. Special exercises were used within the training unit during the application of the program As for the fourth chapter, it was compared between the control and experimental group and it was found that there is an improvement in the variables under study, which indicates the success of the codified program presented by the researcher, while the fifth chapter recommended the use of scientific technology in building training programs in terms of the components of the training load

The study aimed to prepare an educational curriculum and apply it in a brainstorming method and learn the skill of preparation from the top in volleyball, and to identify the effect of using the brainstorming strategy in learning the skill of preparation in volleyball for middle school students. The sample of the research was represented by students of the fifth stage, and appropriate statistical methods were used to process the data and through the results obtained, it was concluded that the brainstorming method was more effective and taking into account individual differences and giving more freedom to learners to learn the skill more than the method followed
The researchers recommend that work should be done to train physical education teachers on how to use modern teaching methods and methods in their teaching of the subject.

This study dealt with psychological flow, which is one of the positive psychology theories, so the researchers sought to know the amount of psychological flow among physical education supervisors in southern Iraq, since educational supervision represents the controlling and guiding element for teachers and teachers, who in turn lead the educational process in schools, and through the researchers' follow-up to work in Some directorates of education in the Department of Educational Supervision noted that there are many obstacles and psychological pressures facing physical education supervisors, teachers and teachers, which negatively affect school sports and the physical education lesson.

Scientific progress plays a major role in providing the teacher with modern educational methods, methods and models, whether cognitive or applied, that help facilitate the delivery of information to learners. The learner of phenomena and the extent of his comprehension in the light of previous experience, he seeks to support students to develop their levels and make them away from idleness and boredom and to find the best link between theoretical subjects and their practical application. Because this game provides a sound educational climate for practitioners, it is an integrated educational approach that earns students a lot of good educational requirements, and the nature of this game in terms of speed of performance and the diversity of its skills requires individuals who practice it to enjoy good skill performance that enables them to use the skills in the required manner And according to multiple playing positions. The poor level of performance of basic handball skills, especially the first intermediate students, where the researcher believes that the reason for the low level of skill performance in this game is due to the fact that it does not take enough attention and care during the application of the approach, which is negatively reflected in the acquisition of basic skills because it takes time. The researcher considers that the lack of use of modern and effective educational models that keep pace with scientific and technological development does not help in raising and developing the level of students in skill performance significantly in this game. The objectives of the research are to prepare educational units according to a model Barman in acquiring some basic handball skills for first intermediate students, identifying the effect of the Barman model in acquiring some basic handball skills for first intermediate students, identifying the preference for influence between the Barman model and the teaching mechanism used by the teacher in acquiring some basic handball skills for first students Average.

The research problem revolved around that rhythmic gymnastics is one of the most important activities taught in colleges and departments of physical education and sports sciences, and it has many skills, including skill(The human wheel). As the researcher is a teacher and follower of this sport in the gymnastics hall, she noticed that there is weakness and difficulty in the students’ performance of the human wheel skill in the effectiveness of rhythmic gymnastics, according to the researcher’s opinion. Shortening the time and effort in the process of learning to perform the skills correctly, and it was able to remove the difficulties encountered by the students during the performance and help in the process of diagnosing that performance, as well as the use of tools increases the desire of the learners and their willingness to learn and enjoy during the performance, so the researcher decided to prepare specialized exercises using auxiliary tools To teach students to perform the skill of the human wheel, and through the foregoing, the research problem can be summarized by the following question: Do specialized exercises using auxiliary tools have a positive effect in learning the skill of the human wheel in the rhythmic gymnastics of balls.

Abstract
- Constructing special tests to measure the (reactive) rebound force of advanced parkour gymnasts (PKFS) in the city of Mosul.
- Setting standards for the (interactive) rebound force tests for advanced parkour gymnasts (PKFS) in the city of Mosul.
The descriptive approach was used in the survey method, and the research community consisted of advanced parkour gymnasts (PKFS) in the city of Mosul, which numbered (50) players. The scientific transactions of the scale (honesty, reliability and objectivity), and the data were processed statistically using the statistical package (Spss IBM), and the researcher reached the following conclusions:
- reached to construct special standardized tests to measure the rebound force (reactive) for advanced parkour gymnasts (PKFS) in Mosul city and its effectiveness.
- Standard tables have been developed for the (interactive) rebound force tests for advanced parkour gymnasts (PKFS) in the city of Mosul.

The study aimed to identify the global validity of the tests of the physical fitness elements of the futsal players, and the researcher used the descriptive approach in the correlative method for its suitability and the nature of the research problem. The researcher used the questionnaire and the test as tools for data collection, and the study included seven physical characteristics of futsal players, and tests were nominated for each physical characteristic so that the total number of tests included in the study and nominated for the statistical analysis is 22 tests, and the researcher used the spss statistical bag to get the results, It was reached:
- Factor analysis using orthogonal rotation that was conducted on (22) tests of fitness elements for futsal football showed seven factors, six of which were explained
• The first factor (transitional velocity).
• The second factor (muscular ability of the legs).
• The third factor (the speed and strength of the muscles of the legs).
• The fourth factor (the length of the speed).
The fifth factor (agility).
The sixth factor (the length of the kinetic velocity of the legs)
- All the tests included in the study are honest tests, except for the test of pushing a medical ball weighing (1.5 kg) stable on a device to the farthest distance with a non-dominant leg.
In light of these conclusions, the researcher recommended the following:
Rely on tests that have been verified as credible
- Building a test battery for the same items after excluding the tests that did not prove their validity.

The issue of compatibility is one of the basic and important topics. It has been and still is the focus of attention in many studies and research. It is considered a guide and an indicator of mental health and safety from psychological disorders and problems related to the personality of the athlete. In inner peace with himself and with his social surroundings.
The research aims to:
1- Building a measure of psychological compatibility for first-class basketball players in Iraq
2- Identifying the psychological compatibility of the players of the first-class basketball clubs in Iraq

The modern era is characterized by rapid scientific progress in all fields, through the use of many different methods of science. This science has extended to the field of sports, as it has influenced and played a major role in sports achievement, including the achievement of athletics athletes, as it was linked to many sports sciences, including psychology, and this problem came Research into the fact that the researcher is a former international player and current coach, as the 400m runner suffers from anxiety of various dimensions at the level of achievement before entering the race and competition, which reduces the achievement motivation of this player. The researcher hypothesized that there is a statistically significant relationship between physical and cognitive anxiety and achievement motivation, which led to the emergence of a conclusion about the effect of anxiety of its various types on the achievement motivation of a 400m runner. 400m athletes.

The researcher used the experimental method by designing two equal groups, the control and the experimental.
The sample of the research was (50) students of the second stage in the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences -
Peace University College for the academic year 2020/2021, as they constitute (27.77%)
From the original population, they were divided randomly and by lottery into two groups (control and experimental) with a score of (25)
One student for each group, while the experimental group applied the educational units according to the strategy of the five-year learning cycle
( 5E'S), which amounted to (10) educational units, and with one educational unit per week, the time of the educational unit is (90) minutes.
The researcher concluded the superiority of the experimental group to which the strategy of the five-year learning cycle (5E'S) was applied.
On the control group that applied the curriculum followed by the subject teacher in learning basic skills
Volleyball for students.

There has been talk about scientific development, as scientific knowledge is in development. The study aims to be informed
And the search for an environment for administrative decision-making and following the correct foundations for decision-making. Sports institutions and clubs live in a changing environment, characterized by a high degree of complexity, and perform their services in a political, social, economic, technological and cultural environment that is becoming increasingly complex day by day and in which the available opportunities change completely.
As for the research problem, it was summarized while there are various problems experienced by sports institutions from federations and sports clubs that affect the development process and that link tightly between responding to immediate needs and priorities and between a medium and long-term development vision and vision, and after the researchers surveyed them in the federations and clubs for team games and knowledge The extent of awareness and knowledge of administrators and officials of the effectiveness of decision-making for each project and for each prepared program, and the percentages of its contribution to the success of administrative work.
The objectives of the study focused on designing a measure of the effectiveness of administrative decision from the point of view of the Iraqi Central Federation in the central and southern regions, identifying the effectiveness of the administrative decision of club administrations for team games in the central and southern regions, as well as identifying the percentages of the contribution of the effectiveness of decision-making to the effectiveness of administrative decision from the authority’s point of view Administrative club administrators for team games in the central and southern regions.

The study aimed to build a proposed curriculum for the kindergarten stage to develop the various aspects of the child in the light of the Kingdom's vision 2030. The proposed curriculum has been built in the light of the different aspects of the child’s growth in a way that achieves the Kingdom’s vision 2030 with regard to child growth and learning (which included ten aspects, namely: physical growth, linguistic development, cognitive mental development (which includes creative and mathematical sensory aspects), social and cultural growth Emotional growth, motor growth, environmental growth, religious growth, moral growth, economic growth).
In light of a set of foundations and requirements, the proposed curriculum was built, which consisted of (15) educational units, to be taught at the age group of 3-5 years, and the units were designed to include a set of educational objectives, topics, activities, teaching and learning resources, teaching and learning strategies and methods The evaluation that achieves the various aspects of growth in the light of the Kingdom’s vision 2030. The study ended with a set of recommendations, the most important of which are: The necessity of building kindergarten curricula in light of the different aspects of child development, and also the need to include early developmental learning standards in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia for children aged 3-6 Years

The research aims to identify the nature of the relationship between the use of social networks and the level of mental health of university students in the Gaza Strip, as well as revealing the level of mental health and the level of use of social networks for university students in the Gaza Strip, and the significance of statistical differences in the level of mental health and the level of use of social networks Which are attributed to the research variables (gender, economic status, parental relationship, level of educational attainment), and the importance of the study stems from the importance and type of the phenomenon in exploring problems with new causes and symptoms that were not known before, and an extension of the studies of some former researchers and specialists who studied the effects of social networks It may benefit education workers in general and educational counselors in particular in identifying these problems and their effects in an effort to take into account the circumstances and to develop appropriate solutions and suggestions. And a sample of (109) university students were randomly selected from the original community of A study has been distributed 150 number and (109) questionnaires will be received using the descriptive analytical approach, and to obtain realistic results and the validity of the researchers used percentages, frequencies and Cronbach’s alpha to find out the stability of the paragraphs of the questionnaire and the Pearson correlation coefficient to measure the validity of the paragraphs and test hypotheses and test (T). test) to find out the differences and the one-way analysis of variance test, and one of the most important findings of the researchers is that there is a correlation and statistically significant differences in the level of use of communication networks in favor of males, and there are no statistically significant differences in the level of mental health among students according to the gender variable The proportion of responses between males and females was close, and that there were no statistically significant differences in the level of use of communication networks and mental health according to the variables of economic status and level of achievement, as the response rate was close to all sample members, and that religious individuals use the Internet at a rate of more than 5 hours per day It amounted to 49.8% and 54.1% of respondents use 1-4 hours a day, and that the four most used applications are Facebook, reaching 92.66% of respondents, followed by Instagram and WhatsApp.

This study aimed to identify the attitudes of primary school children towards playing sports in sports academies, and to identify the differences in the trend towards academies according to the age group variable. The researchers used the descriptive survey method, and the questionnaire was used as a tool for data collection. The study sample consisted of (204) children between the ages of 6 to 12 years, who were chosen in a simple random way. The results of the study showed that the attitudes of children's individuals
(12-6 years old) towards playing sports in sports academies came at a positive level, and there are no statistically significant differences in the level of attitudes towards playing sports in sports academies according to the age group variable. The two researchers stress the need to promote positive attitudes and change negative attitudes among children towards playing sports in sports academies, by sports institutions, families and schools.