Iraqi Journal of Humanitarian, Social and Scientific Research

This study has an exceptional dimension as it is the product of a sincere desire that established a fertile critical reading through which the researcher tried to provide a comprehensive presentation of the popular heritage revealed by the novel \"The Birth of a Crow\", considering it a living narrative model for the contemporary Iraqi novel whose narrators preferred to seize this heritage that is deeply rooted in the collective Iraqi popular consciousness in order to draw inspiration from it, and then employ it in an artistic manner that reveals the specificity of the Iraqi novel and its multiple aesthetic values.

Mousa kredi was one of the most important literary names in Iraq.He was from the generation of the 1960s(sixties)of literary who left a mark (fingerprint)in the modren lierature in poetry and narrative and he contributed in modernity not only in the level of creative publishing,but he was active through the issuance of literary journalisim which adopt modernisim curriculum such as the magazine and the forefront (introduction) of literary research and the publication of critical articals about it .the research came to study not the leadership of the short story ,but to shed light on the side that didn\'t receive attention in the creativity I mean the art of article (essay) ,which represented the intellectualside,especially that most of his articles were critical of literature . and its affairs which it represented his visions and impressions of what was published at that time.

This study shows the strategies used by politicians through asserting their speeches to confirm this study three political texts selected given by George W. Bush, Barak Obama and the assertion is one of many acts that can perform in uttering words in communication. Assertion used daily in communication through directions, answer questions, offer opinions and it plays a major role in speech confirmation.

The contemporary novel in Iraq relies on invoking the inherited , especially after the events of 2003, to talk in a concealed way about what is unknown, as a means of drawing the rationale of contemporary reality on the one hand , and absorbing the culture of peoples and then translating their identity on the other hand . it confirms the truth of the intended invocation of the stories of the combined heritage and the contemporary narrative text , which we are trying to confirm through our research ,which dealt with the novel from two sides.

This study aims to reveal the symbolic tendency in the novel “Akhbar Ezbet Al-Manisi” by the Egyptian novelist Youssef Al-Qaid, in which he referred to several dates that he linked symbolically to the events of the novel. In addition to naming the characters in the novel with symbolic names that exist in reality, This study concluded that this novel is full of many symbolic images to the point that we can describe it as having a symbolic tendency without hesitation.

The aim of this research was to identify the effectiveness of teaching using the educational supports strategy on fourth-grade middle school students' attitudes toward the Arabic language subject by verifying the following null hypothesis: "There is no statistically significant difference at the (0.05) level between the average scores of the students in the two research groups on the attitude test toward the Arabic language." To achieve the research objective, the researcher used the experimental design with equivalent groups (experimental and control), as two sections (A, B) were randomly selected as a sample for the research from the second intermediate grade students in Fajr Al-Islam Intermediate School for Boys, which was randomly selected from among 31 intermediate and secondary schools affiliated with the Third Rusafa Education Directorate. The groups were equalized in variables (age in months, intelligence, previous knowledge test scores in Arabic language). The analysis of variance was calculated and the results were not statistically significant. The research sample consisted of (59) students, (29) students in the experimental group and (30) students in the control group. The researcher prepared a test of attitudes towards the Arabic language of the multiple-choice type (40 items), and its validity, reliability and application were verified after the end of the experiment. The statistical program SPSS was used, and the results showed the presence of statistically significant differences between the average scores of the students of the experimental group and the students of the control group in favor of the experimental students. He recommended several recommendations, including the use of the two strategies in teaching and training teachers to use them. He suggested, as a continuation of the current research, the use of the two strategies. Educational supports in teaching other subjects and their use in other educational stages and with other variables

This study aims to highlight the psychological aspect of the Qur’anic expression, and to indicate its place in the miraculousness. To several results, most notably the psychological aspect.

Genes can have an effective effect on the efficiency of the aerobic and anaerobic capacity of the basketball player and the rest of the other games; As directing training to young basketball players according to the nature of the gene that is characterized by the player helps to save time and effort and reach the highest level of aerobic or anaerobic capacity depending on the genetic pattern of the individual, and then directing sports training according to the type of genetic genes that characterize the players so that they are integrated The training process in terms of the sender and receiver, i.e. in terms of the type of exercises and genetic genes that interact with these exercises and work to raise the player’s level in the least possible period of time. The researcher noted the superiority of some young players in aerobic capacity and the superiority of others in anaerobic capacity, although the players are exposed to the same training program, and from the same team. The researcher may attribute the difference between young players and their training responses to the difference in their physical and functional structure; Due to the diversity of their genes, some studies have confirmed the importance of genes, especially the ACE type “I” and “D” genes, in improving physical performance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to conduct this study to determine how to benefit from genetics to improve the physical performance of young basketball players, as well as to benefit from it in the field of training in general, and basketball training in particular.
The study aimed to identify the effect of competition effort in terms of the numerical values of some genes associated with them among young basketball players through: Identifying the significance of the numerical values of the ACE ID/DD gene on the performance level of some of the physical abilities of young basketball players. Identifying the appropriate training loads for the ACE ID/DD gene for young basketball players. The researcher used the experimental method using the experimental design with a one-group system using the tribal and remote measurements. The researcher concluded that training directed using genetic diversity ACE ID/DD affects a statistically significant degree on the level of physical performance of young basketball players.

Mujezah Ahmad( Al-Mutanabi) is a poet of a special kind, and his poetry is not a description of a situation, or an account of an event. Rather, his poetry is the least we describe as poetry that embodies the depths of the human being. He describes the climates of the human soul in its anguish and joy, its triumphs and its failures, and it is poetry that leans on an insightful poetic vision, pleading with the various means of language in order to enrich Arabic poetry and supplement it with symbol and suggestion data through rhetorical metaphor and aesthetic methods of an exclamatory denial question, repetition and other things, and he was able through his poetry that He confirms the impulses of the human soul, researching their meaning through artistic photography and overwhelming language.

The aim of current research is to know (the effect of Hawkins and Barman models on achievement and intuitive thinking among fourth-grade students in science in biology). Three classes were selected from a fourth scientific class in haditha High School affiliated to the General Directorate of Anbar, and the first experimental group was studied according to (Hawkins model), and their number reached (27) students and a second experimental group studied according to Barman’s model. The number of requests reached (28) and a group Third, I studied in a regular way. It reached (31) students, so the number of study subjects would be (80) students. There were equivalencies between study groups in variables: (previous knowledge, chronological age, degree of intelligence), and in order to achieve the objectives of the study, he prepared an achievement test consisting of (40) paragraphs and adopted an intuitive thinking scale, and their validity and stability were confirmed. The data were statistically treated using the SPSS program. Where the results of the study showed the existence of statistically significant differences between the mean scores of students of three groups in the achievement test and intuitive thinking in favor of an experimental group.

This study reviewed the most important policy through which Germany sought to control France, which required it to control Norway and Denmark first, and then to extend influence over the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg, which had a great impact in securing the German side from opening many fronts and limiting the conflict to a specific logic and this policy The great effect in demoralizing the French forces on the one hand, and worked to contribute to gaining Germany allies who entered the war on its side after it reviewed its ability and military superiority, as well as what resulted from its occupation of France.

Cartoon films (animation) have a great impact on children, especially the young ones, as the cartoons surround the child, attracting his interest in its interesting topics and attractive colors . The child loves the character of the hero in any animation movie he watches and sees himself and loves to impersonate it.
Through these films, the child can acquire the Arabic language well, and it is possible to take advantage of these fees to produce educational films to teach the Arabic language for children in the early childhood stage (2-6 years). It is also possible to ensure the success of such films, because the child learns quickly if the means are Educational is one of the means he loves, and animation films are suitable for this age group of children.This research deals with the strategy of teaching Arabic to children using animated films (cartoons) as a basic educational means in kindergartens, where the study was conducted in Khartoum state kindergartens by doing a questionnaire distributed by kindergarten supervisors, and personal interviews were conducted with kindergarten specialists. Animation film is very useful if used as a primary teaching aid at this stage; This is because of the children's passion for it, but it was not used as a primary educational means, but only as a means of entertainment

The finding of the study it, and inescapable, that the presence of that effort, vitality and Wiz linguistic and diligence, and watch that vigor and interest in Arabic, grammar and seek him, clear proof that Elan but is something higher than being genesis as images from the news end to say availability as such, the emergence of a sudden, because of the incident tune of Sirte to the ears of a follower, to culminate that melody resulting from the mixing of Persians reason for the emergence of way, Valosmy and Alobhy that as the emergence of something aspire minds to perceive, and hearts to feel it, which is to understand the Qur'an and Sunnah, and obtained only by understanding Science connected to them, and understanding of science depends on the way, so this science's need for some is the secret behind its inception.

The current research aims to know ((the effect of the (scamper)) strategy in developing historical thinking among the literary fifth-grade students in the subject of history)) which adopted the experimental design with the post-test.
The research sample consisted of (62) female students, (31) students for each group, which were equivalent between the two research groups in the variables ((cardiac test, intelligence, final score for the history subject for the third intermediate grade, the academic level of the father and mother)), the researcher formulated (173) goals Behaviorally based on the content of the topics, distributed among the levels of Bloom's classification of the cognitive domain (knowledge - understanding - application - analysis - installation - evaluation), she conducted a test to measure historical thinking consisting of (40) paragraphs in its final form, and its psychometric properties were verified, distributed among the main skills ((The temporal and spatial sequence of historical events, historical understanding and comprehension, skills of historical research and decision-making, historical interpretation and analysis)) The test was applied at the end of the research experiment and the data was analyzed and the averages of the students’ answers were extracted and dealt with using the T-test for the stability of the hypothesis. And the experimental group outperformed the same group in the post-test of historical thinking over the same group in the pre-test.

Its economic value is abundant and its soil is fertile and varied, but agriculture in Syria was suffering from problems at the fore, a problem with agricultural lands and the issue of its ownership and distribution, as Syria inherited from the Ottoman era a complex system in the forms of land ownership, which changed and later during the French Mandate era, it did not get He must own the agricultural lands and research files and find radical solutions to them, so we decided in this research to write about “The Land Problem: Solutions and Remedies in the Discussions of the Syrian Parliament 1932_1958”. The nature of the research required dividing it into an introduction, three axes, and a conclusion The first axis dealt with: the problem of the Syrian lands, its roots and treatments until 1932, while the second axis sheds light on: The role of the Syrian House of Representatives in addressing the land problem under the French Mandate 1932-1946: The third axis discussed: the land problem and its treatments in the Syrian House of Representatives from independence Until the union with Egypt 1946-1958, and the conclusion clarified the most prominent conclusions reached by the study, appended to the margins and sources that were adopted in the research.

The current research aims to:
1- To reveal the extent to which the physics book for the third intermediate grade includes the standards of scientific values.
2- 2- Analysis of the physics book for the third intermediate grade in light of the standards of scientific values.
Through the foregoing, the researcher verifies the objectives of the research used in the descriptive-analytical approach, and is considered the descriptive survey approach. The researcher prepared the standards of scientific values by reviewing the research, literature and previous studies related to the standards of scientific values, and the researcher presented these standards to a group of experts and arbitrators In the field of teaching methods, measurement and evaluation, and physics subject supervisors to ensure the validity of the used tool. Thus, the standards of scientific values in the final form consist of (49) paragraphs distributed over (13) areas, including (curiosity, ethics of science, scientific honesty, acceptance of criticism, carefulness in Judgment, scientific thinking, appreciation of science, appreciation of scientists, objectivity, open-mindedness, impartiality, science as a substance and method, certainty). The researcher analyzed the content of the physics book for the third intermediate grade for the academic year (2021-2022) in the light of the standards of scientific values. and implicit), recording unit, context unit, and census unit, and according to the validity of the analysis and stability in agreement with the external analysts and with the researcher himself. Scientific thinking) and not including the physics book at the required level of the following skills (neutrality, acceptance of criticism, objectivity, scientists’ appreciation) and according to the results reached by the researchers, they put a number of conclusions and recommendations.

Through this study, the researcher dealt with the issue of TV channels promoting religious tourism in Algeria, and based on the analytical descriptive survey method and the application of scientific research tools from content analysis and observation on the third Algerian news channel as a model for the Algerian channels. Programs in the period between June 2021 and August 2021, in order to reach the desired results of this study, the most important of which are as follows: Religious tourism as a type of tourism is a vital element in the economic field on the one hand, and the element of the historical identity of the state and its memory on the other hand, because of the peculiarities and spiritual features that it has that attract tourists who are looking for safe and clean tourism. And the media in Algeria, especially television channels, play a major role in promoting religious tourism, and this is by allocating special programs that promote the various religious monuments that Algeria abounds in, in order to give a comprehensive picture of the reality of these monuments and highlight their diversity and beauty for tourists from inside and outside the country.

Exoticism is one of the contemporary intellectual concepts through which the most important cultural features of society are inferred. This study dealt with exoticism as one of the modern concepts through which the most important crises and wars the world is going through and through different periods are deduced, and in order to reach the objectives of the study, the exoticism was mentioned in several ways, the research dealt with design exoticism and digital exoticism.
This study dealt with three sections, the first section included the research mechanism consisting of the introduction to the research, as the topic referred to the most important terms used in the research. As well as the second section was discussed in two demands between the first requirement, the history of exoticism, and the reasons for its emergence from the Middle Ages until the stage of modernity. Recently appeared.
The third section dealt with exoticism in Arab thought through a group of Arab artists who enriched the exotic art with their out-of-the-ordinary thought, most notably the Iraqi doctor Alaa Bashir, in addition to the Iraqi artist Ali Al-Najjar, the Algerian artist Baya Mohieldin, the Syrian artist Imran Younes and the Tunisian artist Sami bin Amer. This study analyzes the sample subject of the research through the descriptive-analytical method.

The Muslims excelled in intelligence, and the Muslim leader, before any decisive battle, was keen to have a comprehensive account of the enemy’s forces, land, leadership, character and customs, and this was one of the secrets of the great Islamic victories. It was one of the reasons for its downfall when one of the princes of Banu Umayyah explained the reason for the fall of their state.
The eye is the watcher, the observer, the warner, the owner of the news, the sensor, and the spy to know his weaknesses and strengths in order to develop plans to confront the enemy’s plans. Intelligence: is a set of devices, formations, and means used to collect and analyze the political, psychological, economic and military information of the enemy.

The aim study to know how include the Science book for the second grade of the Mental skills in the Light of Morzano's Model, use the researcher used the content analysis method – and prepare a card included mental skills, included (21) sub- skills distributed over (8) major skills, in the light of which activities and questions were analyzed The science book for the second intermediate grade, the researcher adopted the explicit idea as a unit of analysis, as the results showed that the science book for the second intermediate grade achieved (20) skills with (682) recurrences, and the obstetric skills category got the highest recurrence with (204) recurrence and a percentage of (30%). Focus skills got the least recurrence at (7) recurrences and a percentage (1%) and evaluation skills were neglected, while the sub-skill inference got the highest recurrence at (184) recurrence, and the arrangement and auditing skills got the least repetition by (1) recurrence, and mental skills were Included in the Science Book Part Two at a rate of (353) recurrence and a percentage (52%) more than its presence in the Book of Science Part I (329) recurrence and a percentage of (48) , and in the light of the results researcher took a series of conclusions, suggestions and recommendations.

The phenomenon of the existence of slave girls in Islamic society is a new phenomenon that did not exist previously, unlike the rest of the phenomena of similarity between the sexes, and perhaps the first Abbasid era had the first to record this phenomenon, which was created to address a specific problem, but the solution to the problem to be treated by finding slaves became in itself a new problem This is because this phenomenon has spread widely and has become important in the Islamic state in general and in the Abbasid era in particular.

The aim of the research is to identify the effectiveness of using the mobile scientific reporter strategy in divergent thinking among students of the fourth scientific grade. This research was conducted on fourth-grade students in the government day schools for boys affiliated to the Holy Karbala Education. The researchers chose a school at random, which is Al-Rujaiba Secondary School, which included the research sample consisting of (64) students distributed among (32) students for the experimental group and (32) students for the control group, who were equalized. In a number of variables that have an effect on the independent variable: the chronological age calculated in months, the intelligence test, the divergent thinking test, as well as adjusting the other variables for the safety of the research, noting that one of the researchers taught the two research groups and the scientific material was determined by chapters (fifth, sixth, eighth and ninth ) from the physics book for the fourth grade science, and the results showed the superiority of the students of the experimental group that studied with the strategy of the high correspondent Mi mobile in divergent thinking on the students of the control group who studied in the usual way, which indicates the effectiveness of the mobile scientific reporter strategy in divergent thinking, and the researchers suggested conducting other studies for other stages, and different study materials to identify the effectiveness of the mobile scientific reporter strategy with other dependent variables such as: (Achievement, scientific reconnaissance, systemic thinking).

The research A discussed government formed in 1918 and appointed prince Feisal bin Al Hussein , King of Syrian government in Damascus and appointed King Feisal Mowlod Commander of the second division in Aleppo and governor of the the Syrian Deir. The work of Mowlod and the rest of Iraqi covenant Association in Syria 1919 and from the most important objectives demanding Iraqi territory from the British occupation and forming a national government independent control of Iraq and in the term assumption of the Bachelor of pasha as a serveant of Deer zour worked to organize it administrative and municipal and succeeded in stabilizing their political and economic conditions. And take a headquarters to organize the Military campaign to attack Tal-Afar to liberate the British control and succeeded in contacting tribal leaders within Iraq to prepare for an announcement of the 1920 revolution.

The research dealt with the analytical view of the most prominent writings of Dr. Muhammad Hussein Al-Zubaidi, as his book dealt with the revolution of July 14, 1958 in Iraq and knowing its causes, introductions, its path and the organizations of the Free Officers. The research also touched on the biography of King Ghazi and the truth of his murder, and his book dealt with the social and economic life in Kufa in the first Hijri century to clarify the important aspects that affect human life, the research also touched on the political, administrative and economic organizations in Iraq in the Buyid era.

The art of management is one of the arts that decision-makers in every Islamic country should learn. Countries are exposed to crises, and this situation must have seasoned administrators who can manage the country in a way that works for it, and the Qur’an gave us an example in managing the country in the story of the Prophet of God Yusuf (peace be upon him). And how he managed the crisis of the lack of rain and the drought of the Nile in Egypt, so God raised his rank, and after he was a slave sold in the slave market, he became an advisor to the king, and thus makes good management .The topic included four topics; The first topic: the theoretical framework, the second topic: the administrative process and time management, the third topic: the management of Prophet Yusuf (peace be upon him) for the crisis, the fourth topic: conclusions and recommendations.

Omission is a linguistic phenomenon common to human ‎languages, but in Arabic it is more stable and clear. Because ‎the Arabic language has one of its original characteristics, the ‎tendency to be brief and short, and omission is one of the two ‎types of brevity, namely: shortness and omission, and the ‎Arabs have alienated what is heavy in their tongue. ‎

The research aims to analyze the history book for the first intermediate grade in the light of analytical thinking skills. The research community included the history book for the first intermediate grade for the current year 2021-2022, and the researcher excluded the introduction, pictures, questions, maps and index.The researcher followed the descriptive approach and used the method of content analysis as it is appropriate to achieve the goal of the research, and after reviewing the theoretical literature, studies and research related to analytical thinking, the researcher presented a model for analytical thinking skills, which consists of (14) main skills and after presenting them to arbitrators and specialization in the field of methods of teaching history and science Educational Psychology, Measurement and Evaluation (8) main skills were identified, which achieve the objectives of the current research, then the researcher built the main criterion for analytical thinking skills, which consists of (8) skills and for each skill (6) sub-indicators indicative of it, and thus the total sum of indicators (48) indicators. After that, the researcher presented the criterion to the arbitrators and specialists in order to verify its validity. The criterion in its final form consists of (8) skills, (6) indicators for each skill, and it became ready in the process of analyzing the history books for the intermediate stage, which consisted of (132) A page where (78) pages were analyzed and (54) unanalyzed were excluded, then the researcher made sure of the stability of the analysis between the researcher and himself and the researcher and external analysts. The researcher adopted an equation Content analysis results The results of the content analysis showed that the social book (History) achieved (1708) repetitions distributed over six sub-skills. In descending order, the skill of traits or attributes with a total of (451) recurrences and a percentage of (26,40%), and the classification skill got a total of (296) iterations and a percentage of (17.33%), and the skill of cause and effect got a total of (246) and a percentage of ( 13.40%), followed by the guessing skill with a total of (56) recurrences and a percentage of (3.27%), and the arrangement skill got a total of (44) recurrences with a percentage (2.57%), and the comparison skill got a total of (32). ) Frequently and with a percentage of (1.87%), and finally the skill of seeing relationships got a total of (25) iterations and with a percentage of (1.64%). In light of the research results, the researcher developed a number of conclusions, recommendations and suggestions.

We seek in this research, which is tagged with (the significance of the compensator and the compensated meeting and its impact on determining the intention of the speaker), to stand on the origins of the compensator and the compensated meeting, and the new meanings it leads to, which may have been hidden from the listener, or ignored, but it has great importance in explaining the benefit Which the speaker aspires to, especially if the research studies an important grammatical rule on which many grammatical and morphological issues are built. This is the rule that prevents the compensator and the substituted from meeting.
We see that this rule is not necessary, but rather it is in compliance with the semantics of the linguistic text, rather it is necessary - in some cases - to combine the compensated and the compensated, if the linguistic benefit requires, or a new linguistic sign is intended by it, intended by the speaker, or seeking to show it. Thus, it can be considered as a manifestation of linguistic expansion; Because the speaker always follows the example of expansion in use, and with this expansion he obtains a significant amount of the linguistic product, which helps him express what he wants and what he expresses. The research reached a number of useful results, including:
1-The combination of the substitute and the substituted can be considered as a linguistic and rhetorical method, and an important method used by the Arab in expressing what is on his mind.
2- Exposing the existence of some justifications for accepting the combination of the substituted and the substituted, such as poetic necessity, excluding some words, or adding some letters.
3-The combination of the compensated and the compensated has various manifestations and forms, including: increasing emphasis, strengthening speech, drawing attention and speeding access to the addressee, and conveying some of the latent meanings in the mind, such as pain, pleasure, wonder, or distress.

The current research aims to know the effect of the active thinking model on the achievement of history for fifth literary grade students, and to achieve this, the researchers chose fifth grade students from middle school from (Al Jawahiri) Preparatory for Boys affiliated to the Directorate of Education of Qadisiyah - Center for the academic year (2020-2021) for the purpose of applying the experiment, and it was formed The sample consisted of (50) students, with (25) students in each experimental and control group, and the scientific material to be taught for the year 2021 was determined. The first five (remember, absorb, apply, analyze, synthesize), As for the research tool, the test paragraphs were defined by (40) paragraphs of the multiple choice type, taking into account the test map (specification table), and the researchers verified its validity, stability and psychometric properties. The researchers applied the experiment in the first semester of the academic year (2020- 2021), the experiment lasted (10) weeks, with four lessons per week for each group, and the two researchers studied the two groups together. After the statistical analysis of the data, the results showed the superiority of the experimental group that was taught according to the active thinking model over the control group that was taught in the traditional way in the achievement test.

The current research aimed to know: "The level of ability of fifth preparatory students of high-ranking thinking skills." The researchers prepared a test for high-ranking thinking skills, which represents a research tool, and in turn reveals the availability of skills or not among fifth preparatory students, as this test in its final form included (32) paragraph, and the researchers confirmed the apparent validity of the test by presenting it to experts and arbitrators, and while they confirmed the validity of the content, that was by extracting the discriminatory power of the paragraphs, and the reliability of the test was confirmed by Kuder-Richardson method. The research sample was represented by (350) students, the observation skill ranked first with a percentage of (16.64), the evaluation skill ranked second with a percentage of (15.78), the organization skill ranked third with a percentage of (15.35), and the installation skill ranked on the rank The fourth with a percentage of (15.20), the skill of data analysis ranked fifth with a percentage of (10.61), the skill of the critic question ranked the sixth with a percentage of (9.89), the skill of application ranked seventh with a percentage of (9.18), while the skill of formulating predictions ranked the eighth with a percentage of (7.31), and the test results of the students' calculated t-value of (0.345) were less than the tabular t-value of (1.97) at a degree of freedom (349), meaning that the fifth students do not have high-ranking thinking skills, and the test results showed to calculate the arithmetic averages In males and females, this was done by extracting the calculated T-value of (1.976), and the tabular T-value of (1.96), at a degree of freedom of (0.049), and the results indicate that there is no difference between the averages in the high-ranking thinking test between males and females.

The study aimed to identify the enzymes of clotathium and lipase among (men - women) practitioners and non- practitioners of sports activity at the ages of (30-45) years, in addition to identifying the differences between practitioners of sports activity and non-practitioners. And the Libis among (men - women) practitioners and non-practitioners of sports activity between the ages of (30-45) years. The researchers used the descriptive approach for its relevance to a problem, and in an intentional way, the society identified the two men and women participating in the Health Fitness Center - Men - Women 2020-2021, and the research sample reached (24) women and men, and they were divided into (12) men, (12) women. Non-practitioners. The homogeneity was carried out by height, weight and age. The main experiment was performed, and then the results were extracted and statistically treated.

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationships among organizational chaos, and emotional abuse in hospitals of the Qadisiyah province.
Design / Methodology: Based on the stratified random sampling, 200 questionnaires were distributed to physicians. Working in five government hospitals of the Qadisiyah province, out of which 146 questionnaires were usable resulting into a response rate of 73%. Then, the data were analyzed using both AMOS v.20 and SPSS v.20 programs.

Theoretical results: The result shows the knowledge gap related to identificate the nature of the relationships among organizational chaos, and emotional abuse in the workplace.
Practical results: The result shows the affect relationships among (organizational chaos, and emotional abuse).
The importance of research: The rare of studies that investigated the relationships among organizational chaos, and emotional abuse in the workplace.
Furthermore, there is a reality problem, which has a significant effect on Iraqi hospitals performance.

This research aims to identify (the effectiveness of the keyword strategy in developing the linguistic ability in morphology among students of the first stage - Department of Arabic). The Arabic language - College of Education for Human Sciences - Wasit University, and the number of students of the experimental group was (72) students who studied according to the keyword strategy, and the number of students of the control group was (68) students who studied in the traditional way, the researcher rewarded the following variables (age - intelligence - The previous Arabic language degrees - the pre-application of the linguistic ability test), the researcher prepared the research tool, which is a test of (40) paragraphs distributed on (20) skills, and each skill has two questions, and the results of the research showed that the students of the experimental group who were taught according to the keyword strategy were superior to the students. The control group studied according to the traditional method in the language ability test.

The aim of the research is to develop a proposed conception of the Islamic education teacher preparation program in light of the professional standards for teachers, and to identify its effectiveness from the point of view of experts and specialists. The research relied on the descriptive approach using a questionnaire, and the study sample consisted of (40) teachers, experts and specialists, and the research came to the conclusion that: The effectiveness of the proposed program for preparing Islamic education teachers in Saudi universities in the light of professional standards for teachers. The research came out with a number of recommendations, including: Inviting Saudi universities to adopt the proposed program.

During this study, 150 samples were collected from Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospitals, Children's Hospital and Al-Hussein Children's Hospital from urine and stool under from Al-Diwaniyah Hospitals, Children’s Hospital and Al-Diwaniyah General Hospital from urine and faeces under the supervision of the doctor, during the period from 1-11-2021 to 01-3-2022. 20, where the results showed a return of 60 isolates of the bacteria E. coli, an examination was conducted Antibiotic sensitivity test that E. coli was multi-resistant For multidrug resistance (MDR), 50 (100%) isolates were resistant to carbenicillin 49 (98%) isolates were resistant to the antibiotic erythromycin 47 (94%) Rafampin isolate rifampin-resistant, 44 (88%) ceftazidime-resistant isolates, 38 (76%) novobiocin-resistant isolates, 37 (74%) cefotaxime-resistant isolates (66%) tetracycline-resistant 26 (52%) isolates Isolates resistant to ciprofloxacin, 15 (30%) isolates are resistant to gentamicin and two (4%) are resistant to nitrofurantoin. The results showed that 45 (90%) isolates were biofilm-forming bacteria with different degrees Different, two (4%) biofilm-forming isolates with strong adherent, 6 (12%) bio-membrane-forming isolates with moderately strong adherent, and 37 (74%) bio-film-forming isolates with weakly adherent. carbenicillin for the following antibiotics (Cefotaxime, Gentamicin, Chloramphenicol, Erythromycin Penicillin G Co-trimoxazole Tetracycline) 100% against the bacteria under study. The susceptibility of bacteria to the production of virulence factors (hemolysin, membranes) was tested.

The global financial crisis and the collapse of international companies and banks led to the lack of confidence of the shareholders in the administration and the auditors and their financial reports on the one hand, and between the administration itself and the auditors on the other hand. Therefore, it was necessary to search for a solution represented in the application of certain mechanisms to ensure the rational management of the funds and investments of these shareholders, which represents the mechanisms of governance.The importance of internal audit has increased with the start of implementing the new requirements imposed by the laws of some countries, including the American Companies Law, which obligated the administration to verify the effectiveness of the procedures and mechanisms of control over disclosure in the annual and quarterly reports, as well as documenting and evaluating the report on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reports. The external auditor is also obligated to evaluate and express an opinion on the procedures followed by the management in evaluating internal control.Based on the above, it is clear that there is a strong relationship between the application of the principles of traditional and Islamic governance and the improvement of the work of the internal auditor. Represented by maximizing shareholder profitability, ensuring business continuity, maintaining the market power of the stock, and then maintaining customer deposits.

This study aimed to identify the role of educational media in meeting the scientific needs of students in light of the Corona pandemic from the point of view of Palestinian university students and to achieve the objectives of the study the descriptive analytical approach was adopted and a questionnaire of (30) paragraphs (337) was developed and distributed among students of Palestinian universities in the West Bank, and then
statistically processed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS.) Palestinian university students came up with a total average of (3.49 out of 5), and this result means that the role of educational media in meeting the scientific needs of students ranged from high to low. As it appeared , there were no statistically significant differences at the level of indication (0.05α=) in the average responses of the study sample members towards the role of educational media in meeting the scientific needs of students in the light of the corona crisis attributable to each of the variables (gender, university system) while there were differences attributable to both the variable (practical college and place of residence, based on the results of the study). The researchers recommended that educational media should focus on providing students with new experiences in their field of educational media and that all Palestinian universities should allocate more than one educational broadcast in order to provide opportunities for all students in all disciplines to learn.

This research aimed to identify the analysis of the history book scheduled for the fifth literary grade according to the levels of depth of knowledge for the academic year 2019-2020. To achieve the goal of the research, the two researchers prepared a list of levels of depth of knowledge that included four levels: the level of remembering and reproduction, the level of application of concepts and skills, the level of strategic thinking, the level of extended thinking, and the descriptive analytical approach was used. according to the four levels of depth of knowledge, then verifying the stability of the analysis through analysis through time and through individuals, and it obtained a stability percentage Greater than 80% using Holster’s equation, and the research found the availability of the four levels of depth of knowledge in the book, with a percentage of (40%) for the level of remembering and reproduction in the first place, then for the level of application of concepts and skills with a percentage of (30%) in the second place, then the level of application of concepts and skills. Strategic thinking with a percentage of (19%) in the third rank, then the level of extended thinking with a percentage of (11%) in the fourth rank، the depth of knowledge is included in the history book for the fifth grade literary and in proportions that are gradual in a manner appropriate to their four levels.

The current research aimed to know: 1- Hope-based thinking among university students. 2- Ego strength among university students 3- The relationship between hope-based thinking and ego-strength among university students. To achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher adopted a scale (Snyder: 1999) for thinking based on hope and expressed by (Hamouda: 2021), and the researcher adopted a measure of ego strength (Baron: (1969) translated by (Kafafi: 1986), and after extracting the psychometric properties of the two scales and verifying the Their validity and reliability were applied to the research sample of (200) university students, and after processing the data statistically, it was concluded that university students enjoy thinking based on hope and the power of the ego .There is a positive correlation between thinking based on hope and the strength of the ego. Research The researcher reached a set of recommendations as suggested by a number of studies.

This research is devoted to the study of the chain of narrators and the coalition of words of Abu Ali al-Farsi in his two books al-Idih wa al-Mas`il al-Askariyat; Because the isnad is of great importance in grammatical studies because it is the basis for syntax, and the Persian has a great role in the grammatical lesson as a science of Arabic grammar .The research paved the way for the concept of isnad in language and idiomatically in a nutshell, then went to study the effect of the isnad in the syntax by clarifying its concept in the Persian, and talking about the isnad and the combination of words, and the statement of permissible and inadmissible structural forms in the isnad, while determining the difference from what preceded the grammarians in his view of those forms. Determining the difference in his view of these forms in his two books Al-Illah wa al-Misaliyat al-Militariat and Searching for the Reasons for that, was followed by a conclusion to the most important of what was mentioned in the research, and the margins of the research and its tributaries.

Our research aims to clarify the notion of tutoring and mutual teaching by looking for definitions and historical development of this notion. In this research we try to explain these pedagogical methods in order to benefit from them in our work as pedagogues by questioning its importance within the educational and business environment. We have shown the advantage of these methods in motivating pupils and helping them to find their future professional identity.

The aim of the current research is to identify the effectiveness of the Schmick model in the acquisition of Arabic grammar for fourth-grade female students in distinguished secondary schools. The researcher assumed the null hypothesis that there is no statistically significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) between the average achievement of female students who study Arabic grammar according to Schmick's model and average achievement of female students studying Arabic grammar in the usual way. The research sample consisted of (76) female students who were intentionally selected from (Al-Hurriya High School for Distinguished Girls) for the academic year (2023-2024). The sample was randomly divided into two groups, Division (A), determined by the experimental group, and their number was (38) female students who studied Arabic grammar according to Schmick model. As for the control group, it consisted of (38) female students who studied the Arabic language grammar subject in the usual way, represented by Section (B). The researcher conducted the equivalence of the two research groups in the variables of academic achievement for the previous academic year (2022-2023) in the Arabic language subject and the academic achievement of the parents. Equivalence in chronological age is calculated in months for the female students in the research sample, and the researcher applied her experiment on 10/8/2023 and it continued until 1/10/2024. The researcher used a tool to achieve the research objectives. It adopted an achievement test, and after applying the test tool, the data was collected, corrected, and statistically analyzed using some statistical methods, including the T-test for two independent samples (T-test). The result showed that the experimental group was superior to the control group in achievement in Arabic grammar. In light of the results, the researcher concluded that using the Schmick model in teaching Arabic grammar is more effective and effective than the usual method in raising the students’ achievement level. The researcher recommends the need to familiarize Arabic language teachers with modern teaching models, especially teaching using the Schmic model. The researcher suggests conducting a study similar to the current study for other levels of study and for different subjects.

The current research aims to measure the historical proficiency of history teachers in the preparatory stage. The researchers followed the descriptive analytical approach. The research community consisted of history teachers in the preparatory schools affiliated with the General Directorate of Education in Diyala Governorate. The research sample consisted of (120) male and female teachers. The researchers prepared a scale for historical proficiency consisting of (30) paragraphs. They gave each paragraph five alternatives: (always applies to me - often applies to me - sometimes applies to me - rarely applies to me - does not apply to me). Its validity and reliability were confirmed. The researchers used the statistical package SPSS. The results indicated that history teachers have good historical proficiency and there are no statistically significant differences according to the gender variable (males - females). The researchers concluded a number of conclusions and recommended a number of recommendations and presented proposals, including developing historical proficiency through the use of appropriate independent variables.

Despite the different points of view on personality and behavior, there is a near consensus among researchers that personality is a hypothetical construct, meaning that the construction of personality is linked to the internal and environmental state of the individual, and this state includes the person's educational history and biological components, and the ways in which these complex events were organized, which affected the person's response to specific environmental stimuli. Hence, personality was viewed by many researchers as a scientific study of individual differences related to thought, resulting from the circumstances in which the individual lived and the different situations, whether harsh or optional, which led to these behavioral results, and the similarities that occur in different circumstances and situations. To study and understand the behavior of the individual in this research, we will adopt the theory of the three factors, which sees that the development of personality is determined by three factors: heredity, social upbringing, and the environment (education and learning through the media), and through this study we will stop at the construction of the individual's personality through literary radio messages represented by the novel art of Mahfouz. The broadcasted narrative art gains and teaches the individual his customs, traditions and orientations towards the future through building his distinctive personality. Education and learning combined with the environment, media and social upbringing have the fundamental role in transforming the individual from a biological being whose only functions are food, sleep and excretion into a social human being who can interact and get along with other people, and at the same time they have an effective role in the individual's behavior and tendencies towards evil or good.

This study aims to reveal the symbolic tendency in the novel “Akhbar Ezbet Al-Manisi” by the Egyptian novelist Youssef Al-Qaid, in which he referred to several dates that he linked symbolically to the events of the novel. In addition to naming the characters in the novel with symbolic names that exist in reality, This study concluded that this novel is full of many symbolic images to the point that we can describe it as having a symbolic tendency without hesitation.