Euphrates Journal of Agricultural Science

In this clinical study a thirty six of sheepfrom both sex (age: 2 months – 5 years) with umbilical and ventral abdominal hernias were examined in the teaching clinic in College of Veterinary Medicine in Al-Qasim Green University – Babylon – Iraq within 5 years. This study showed that the sheep affected by umbilical hernia was 41.66% and by ventral abdominal hernia was 58.34%. Umbilicalhernia was more common in younger ages while ventral abdominal hernia was more common in the older ages. The study also showed the successful surgical treatment using horizontal mattress interrupted with simple interrupted suture with minimal complications.

The aim of this study was to find out the effect of licorice extract on body measurements and histological changes of the testes in (18) Awassi male lambs at aged( 2 - 2.5) month.Animals were divided equally in to 3 groups as following: Group (A)treated with licorice (300 mg/kg B.W/week) orally, group (B)treated with licorice (400 mg/kg B.W/week) orally and group (C) was kept as a control group. The results revealed the followings:groups A and B showed Significant (p<0.05) increase in body length, chest girth and hip girth comparing with the control group, while group A showed mathematical increase compared with group B in front and back height. The study of the histological changes showed superiority of group A compared with groups B and the control.
Keywords: Licorice, Body Measurements, testes, Awassi Lambs.

A field experiment was conducted during the summer season of 2014, in rice research station in Al Meshkhab of the agricultural research department (AL Najaf Province) in order to study the effect of five planting dates )6/1 , 6/15 , 7/1 , 7/15 , 8/1) in the yield and yield components for five rice varieties (Anber 33 , Yasmin , Forat 1 , Anber al Baraka , Bhoth 1). Use Split plot design with randomized complete block design RCBD with three replication , was usedThe planting date represented the main plot, while the varieties referrd to sub plot which is the most important factor Data analyzed statistically by using the method of analysis of variance and the means tested by the test of less significant difference (LSD). The results showed, thatAnber al-Baraka significantly superior in number of panicles per area unit , and the economical and biological yields with means 265.4 panicle.m-2 , 4.632 ton.ha-1 , and 13.99 tan.ha-1 respectively, The planting date 1/6 was superior in number of panicles per area unit, number of grain per panicle and the economical and biological yields with means 272.3 panicle.m-2 , 99.86 grain.panicle-1 , 6.054 tan.ha-1 and 15.71 ton.ha-1 respectively.The interaction between plouting dates (traetments) found that Forat 1 cultivated in 1/6 in the percentage of non-fertile and the economical and biological yields with means 13.26% , 8.651 ton.ha-1 and 18.70 ton.ha-1 respectively.The study concluded that chosing the approprial plating date and the variety has an effect in the yield and yield components for rice crop .

This study was conducted in the field of animal belmged to the college of Agriculture / University of Qadisiyah during the period from 18/11/2014 to 18/06/2015 using 57 goat divided in to four genetic groups four genetic the first group was (Afghan male × Afghan female) consists of 13 gout kids belonged to 9 female lambs. The second group was (CY male × CY female) and consists of 12 goat kids belonged to 8 female lambs. Third group was (Local male × Local female) and consists of 16 baby goats belonged to 9 female lambs. Forth group was (Afghan male × Local female) and consists of 16 goat kids belonged to 10 female lambs. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of genetic group in wireframe (dressing and the healing rate) and chemical composition of meat (protein, fat, fiber percentage) and some sensitive qualities (smell, taste and tenderness) the results showd that Cypriot goats kids group outperformed upon other groups in terms of dressing percentage 52.72% , healing perentaye 76.07%, and meat protein ratio 16.97%. However, the Afghan group was lower than other groups in terms of the proportion of fiber and these differences were not significant, While local and Afghan goat group achieved the highest fat percentage (P <0.05), reaching 5.34 and 4.86%. respectively. compared with the Afghan and Cypriot group when reached 4.60 and 4.33%. respectively. In addition, second group was out performed in the sensitive genitive (smell and tenderness) upon other groups of unwed by forth group.

Is important in determining the method of taking samples in the field to know the differences of spatial characteristics of soil and soil salinity for the purpose of characterization of any of these qualities and distribution in specific way.The objective of this study is to create amap of the distribution of soil salinity in the soil horizons, as well as knowing of the soil variability Kriging theory has beenused to find out the variation by using thesemivariogram through GIS program , and sites were selected in termsof AlHuar and Alhendia region in Karbalaprovince to complete the search.The study results showed that the distribution of salinity was according to classes of salinity S1 ,S2 ,S3 and S4 .The class has S1the least in terms of space and focus on the horizon Ap , whereas class S3hasthe largestarea in all horizons. Results also showed that soil salinity varies from one horizon to another when Ap horizon and mostvariability C2while C1 horizon the leastvariability due to agriculture operations thatoccur in the upperhorizons and exposure to environmental conditions directly , highground water and movement of salts bycapillarity , and results showed that the prediction values or absorption to soil the salinityin the sites studied were variability for all prospect.

The present study included a selection of four sites in some of the Iraqi soils differ in their content of organic matter, Soil samples were taken at randomly in depth 5-20 cm.Twomethodes were selected to estimate the amount of organic matter include dry burning and wet oxidation. For dry burning method, range of different tempreture 200, 250, 300, 350, 400 were used for 16 hours of burning.Therefore, The amount of organic matter in Badi and Bablo areas was 48.08 and 49.41 g.kg-1; However in Mahaweel and Rumaitha areas was 6.85 and 6.63 g.kg-1. Respectively in contrast wet oxidation method, the amount of organic matter was 52.53 and 51.53 g.kg-1 in Badi and Bablo, and 7.39 and 6.39 g.kg-1 inMahaweel and Rumaitha.The best degree was 250 C°, when it gave the a least significant difference compared to thermal degrees selected.When comparing the wet oxidation method with the dry burning method; the current study,the best degree was 250 Cﹾﹾ .

The study designed to test the antifungal activity of leaves extract of Dodonaeaviscosa( one plants of sapinadaceae ) against some plant pathogenic fungi as AspergillusnigerandFusariumoxgsporiul. All extracts exhibitel good inhibitory effect against tested pathogens in radial mycelium growth and spore germination of pathogens . Ethanol extract showed maximum inhibition in radial growth reached ( 58.81% ) and spore germination reached ( 87.1% ) and exceed extracted of methanol , chloroform and Ethyl Acetate the same concentrations . It was also observed that the radial growth and spore germination of selected pathogens decreased at an increase of plant extract concentration and appeared with significantly affect than control . It may be concluded from this study or investigation the Dodonaeaviscosacan be promised for the management of fungal disease caused by Aspergillusniger , Fusariumoxgsporiul.

The experiment was conducted on the farm extension experiments in Almhannawia during 2013 – 2014 growth season to study the effect of soil fertilization (control, 200 kg.ha-1 of NPK (18-18-0), poultry compost (4 and 8 t.ha-1), and foliar fertilizer (control, urea 1 g.l-1, humic acid 2 ml.l-1 and polemet 2 ml.l-1) and their interaction on fenugreek . Randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was used. Seeds were planted on lines (30 cm apart) in 21-10-2013 and each experimental unit consists of10 lines. Soil fertilizers were added at seeding stage, and foliar application wasadded twice (in 2/1 and 17/1/2014). The results showed that chemical and organic (8 t.ha-1) caused a significant increase in leaf chlorophyll content and the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, while it had no significant effect on the proportion of sodium. Foliar fertilizer had no significant effect on chlorophyll, nitrogen potassium and sodium, while spraying urea and humus caused a significant increase in phosphorus proportion. The interaction between soil and spraying fertilizer had a significant effect in increasing chlorophyll and the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in leaves, while it had no significant effect on the proportion of sodium.

The productivity of beekeeping projects(apiaries) ,the economic returns ascertained through , quality and quantity of their evolution level affected by human , physical and environmental multiple and interactive factors such as efficient beekeeper , good strain and good pasture . The most important problems facing beekeepers is the low productivity of honey , this is due to the low level of beekeepers knowledge , lack of their practical and scientific skills and experiences regarding practices and scientific recommendations for this activity .The present study aims to identify the Knowledge level of beekeepers in AL-Diwaniyah city with some experiences and practices of beekeeping and honey production. The results showed that (58%) of the respondents with high level of knowledge , their knowledge level in the areas of apiary site , feeding honey bee colonies, collecting honey and checking hives was high while it moderate in other areas. There were no differences between beekeepers in their level of knowledge according to their characteristics.

The study Carried out in the eastern part of Babylon Province . located between latitude 32º 20′06″.95 to33º02′05″.85 N and longitude 44º10′56″.30 to 45º 06′13″.38 E . The main objective of this study is to production maps for Soil Chemical Degradation indicators (EC , ESP% and SAR maps) by using Ordinary Kriging prediction . The accuracy of linear regression factor for representing Spherical model of there three indicators was 0.9999 , 0.9561 and 0.9525 for Salinity , ESP% and SAR respectively . In addition , study showed clear congruency in spatial distribution within complex soil salinity mapping by other salinity indictors .

The present study was carried out from Autumn (2012)to Summer (2013) to study the soil properties, quantitative and qualitative of bacterial diversity.Samples were collected from five sites in Babylon province /Middle of Iraq : landfill site of solid waste/Mahaweel ; warehouse Morgan oil/ Hilla, central terminal bas station/Hilla, brick factories in Al-Kifil and agricultural area in the region of Thmazah /Hilla). Some physical and chemical properties of soil, were studied (temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter, cation exchange capacity, carbonat, bicarbonate, calcium, magnesium, total nitrogen, and soil texture).More the study was achieved to investigat the quality and quontity of divuisty bacterial divursity in soil the results showed a clear divergence in soil characteristics between study sites and seasons, electrical conductivity (2.3-143.00)µs/cm, pH (7.9 - 6.7), calcium (5.20-116.6) μg.L-1, magnesium (4.57-416.90) μg.L-1, carbonat recorded All reading as N.D, bicarbonate(1.00-36.90) μg.L-1. Organic matter(1.35-20.80) μg.gm-1.Thecation exchange capacity(10.98-23.03) μg.gm-1,The total Nitrogen(0.24-19.70) μg.gm-1. The results showed that the number of bacteria increased in the study sites and also increased in the agricultural soils compared with other types of soil, total count of bacteria were (297 × 106 - 6 × 106) CFU-1gm. The most dominant species of isolated bacteria were Bacillus.spp, E.coli , Salmonella.

This experiment was conducted in un heated plastic house at Horticulture and Landscape, College of Agriculture and Forestry Mosul University, during spring season 2013 to study the effect of four treatments fertilizer (three types of organic fertilizers Nitrogreen - Fit Org - Humista in addition to chemical fertilizer for control, and two treatments of soil mulching ( black poly ethylene mulching and with out mulching ) on growth and yield of two gynoecious Cucumber hybrids Sayff and Dates . A split– split plot system within randomized complete block design RCBD was used to carry out this experiment with three replicates. All data analyzed and tested by using Duncan s multiple range test under 0.05 probilty. The results obtained: Soil mulching with black poly ethylene caused a significant increase in vegetative growth parameters : plant length , leaf area / plant , and a significant reduction in days number need to reach to 10% of flowering 50.53 days , and in yield parameters : yield per plant 3.44 kg , fruits number/ plant 38.42 , total yield 8.707 ton / plastic house 500 m2 , the application of organic fertilizer a significant increase in vegetative and yield parameters compared with chemical fertilizer , and the Dates cultivar a significant increase in leaf number / plant , asignificant reduction in the percentage of fruit nitrate o.766 % , will as the Sayff cultivar a significant increase in average mark table weight of fruit (93.73 g) and asignificant reduction in the days number need to reach 10% flowering ( 51.00 day ) . The interaction treatments between three factors caused a significant increase organic fertilizer Humistar and soil mulching with black poly ethylene in both cultivars in vegetative growth and yield parameters .

In an attempt for early detection of date palm gender, the current study was
conducted using some traditional methods (direction of seed germination
and the shape of the leaves) and DNA marker by using Randomly Amplified Polymorphic (RAPD),The ، initiator that used were ( OPB07, OPC09, OPC13, OPD10, OPD20, OPE04, OPK18, OPN17 and OPX04) .The results of initiator OPD10 polymerization showed that the number of total package reached 118 package, and the number of disparate packages 6 packages and a number of similar packets numbered 112 package, molecular weight of 143 base pairs appeared in six female out of the total seven female (85.71 %) did not appear in all varieties and that was a positive indicator thus the initiator was filtered to make a unique indicator of sex varieties of dates on the palm Iraqi RAPD level indicators. Percentage of similarity between the arched leave seedling and female group was 71.4% and the genetic similarity between the arched leave seedling and mother (Berhi) was (83.3%) and it is likely that this gesture be female tree. The chemical analysis showed that no differences were found in the seedling quality of date palm with straight leave seedling and with arched leave seedling content of protein , proline and peroxidase enzyme.

The present study showed a great fluctuation in Animals used TSH and T4 values which elevated and declined respectively from their normal levels. The results explained a significant differences lie under a probability larger (p< 0.01) At the same time results showed a changes in the histological texture of the thyroid gland exemplified with fibrosis and hyperplasia in a away made a conclusions that there was an endemic and original disorder lead to the appearance of cretinism in Arabi sheep.

This study was conducted at the Poultry farm / Department of Animal Resources , College of Agriculture / Al-Qasim Green University . The field work of this study was performed during the period from 17/10/2014 until 27/11/2014 . The project of this study was aimed to identify the role of utilization of Carnitine in reduction of heat stress on quail birds exposed to (28 - 36 - 28) C˚ periodic temperature . Three hundred of Japanese quail nestlings were used and educated in cages 1×1 m . The nestlings were randomly divided into 5 treatments and by 3 replicates per treatment and each treatment was included 20 nestlings , The Carnitine was used in concentrations (0 , 100 , 200 , 300 , 400) mg / kg feed for treatments (T1 , T2 , T3 , T4 , T5) respectively from age 8-42 days . The most important results of this study could be summarized by the following :Significant superiority (P<0.01) in the alive body weight during the sixth week together with the total weight gained for the weeks (2-6) for the carnitine treated birds compared with T1 control treatment birds , T5 treatment gave the best results . Significant superiority (P<0.01) for T5 treatment birds on the other treatments in the total average consumption of feed for the weeks (2-6) .Significant improvement (P<0.01) for carnitine treatment birds compared with T1 control treatment birds in the total food conversion efficiency for the weeks (2-6) and there were no mortality during the experiment .

The research aims to find out all obstacles of agricultural technology spread in Wasit and Babylon governorates separately , then to compare results of the two governorates to reach a wider conclusion. We use the comparative approach in this study, the research Community is all the agricultural employees in agricultural sections of the agriculture directorates of (Babylon) and (Wasit) , their number is (70) employees , (33) employees in agriculture directorate of (Babylon) agricultural sections , and (37) employees of wasit agriculture sections, we use the questionnaire method to obtain basic data which contains four axils, the first is (the obstacles) which relates to the administrations of governmental agriculture offices which includes (10) articles , the other axils is the obstacles related to farmers includes (5) articles , an axil of foreign variables includes (2) articles , the other part of the study is the (independent variables) which are (the study level , age , and years of work) . the results of the study show that there is not any moral difference among the ideas of the specimen in both governorates, the value of (T) test (0,358) that means no weight on the level of (0,05) , the research conclude that the instability of security in country , the complicated routine to supply the agricultural technology is of great effect on accurate and time of spread such technology , and also there is not strong relation between the independent variables and ideas of the specimen , because their ideas resulted from the bad status – quo.
The approve of that there is no difference the ideas of both specimen of the two governorates of how to identify the obstacles of spreading such agricultural technology. Though the other obstacles have obvious impact but in less degree , so we recommend to put good planning to spread such technology , to increase governmental support for farmers , especially in spreading technology , and to follow up the process of spreading this technology in all stages.

A field study was conducted in Spring season 2011 at the Agricultural Research Station (Bibijack) located in Bazian township headed by the General Directorate of the Agricultural Researches in Sulaymaniyah Governorate, to compare two imported cultivars of potatoes; Sante and Provento for the characteristics of growth, yield and their quality, as well as the response of both varieties for potash fertilizer K2SO4 levels (0, 25, 50, 75 or 100 kg K2O/donum). The experiment was laid down in a factorial randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed the superiority of Provento variety over Sante variety in the characteristics of plant height, yield per plant, marketable yield and total yield. However, Sante was superior over Provento in dry matter and tuber starch percentages. Potash fertilizer level of 50 kg K2O/donum was significantly superior than control in potato yield and quality characteristics, while it was not different significantly from 75 kg K2O/donum in the characteristics of number of tubers per plant, dray matter percentage and tuber starch percentage. However, vegetative growth characteristics were not affected significantly by potash fertilizer treatments. The results also showed that Provento variety fertilized with 50 kg K2O/donum gave maximum values in most of studied parameters.

A laboratory experiments were carried out in the laboratory of tissue culture, Ministry of Agriculture in Abu Ghraib from June 2012 to December 2013 to study the (effect of four different concentrations of BA and Kinetin on the production of micro potato tubers in vitro of potatoes (Lizita cultivar) four concentrations of BA (0,2,4,6 mg/ L-!) in MS media supplemented with (80g.L-1) were used sucrose. Completely Randomized Design with ten replicates were adapted using L.S.D test level significance .The results Indicated that the treatment (4mg/L-1) was significantly differences from other treatments in (the number of tubers/plants, diameter of tuber, fresh weight, plant yield and dry weight) when it gave (3.2 tuber/ plant, 5.40 g,0.20 g,0.578g and 0.019 g) respectively. Also four different concentrations of Kinetin (0,3,6,9 mg.L-1) in MS media supplemented with (80gm.L-1)were used sucrose, The results indicated that treatment (6mg,L-1) was significantly higher from other treatment in( the number of tubers , dimeter of tuber,tuber fresh weight, plant yield and dry weight) which gave (3.5 tuber/plant, 6.11 mm, 0.33 g,1.155g and 0.022g) respectively .

This study was conducted in experimental field, department of horticulture, college of agriculture –university of Baghdad, in Abo Graib area for two seasons of spring for years 2011, 2012 for potatoes yield. This study was included the effect of using three types of nitrogen fertilizer, as well as the control treatment ( Zero) , and two anti- transpiration , as well as to control treatment ( Zero). This study was made by using factorial experiences (4*3) within RCBD design and three replications, that would give 36 experimental units after field and laboratory study indicators had completed, the means were compared for calculating less significant difference L.S.D. at probability level of 5% by using SAS program of in the statistics analysis. The results were summarized which follow: The interaction treatment of N3AS0 caused a significant increase in the quality indicators for the tubercles , when it gave highest rate for the dry matter of the tubercles in the first season which (46.2%) and highest rate for the solid matters T.S.S. for two seasons which ( 3.50 ,and 4.08%) respectively and highest solid degree for two seasons which (10.3 , and 11.5 lcg\cm2) respectively, while the treatment N2AS1 was significantly higher in percentage the dry matter in the second season which ( 38.7%) .

Abstract
The goal of the present study is to the estimate the erythropoietin hormone, some physiological parameters during pregnancy and post-partum and the corretation between them. This study was conducted at private station at the province of Babylon. The study included 85 Awassi ewes aged between 1.5-6 years and weighing between 30-49 kg from the period fo the beginning of January until the June 2014 .Five ml of blood was collocted and divided into two parts 2 ml of for the of measuring blood values and 3 ml for measure hormones and biochemical criteria. The result reveald that the erythropoietin increased significantly (P ≤0.05)in the fourth month, number of red blood cells and the percentage of the PCV values increased significantly (P ≤0.05) while there were decreased in the value of Hb and indicators of red blood cells (MCV, MCH, MCHC), during preg nancy and post partnm period.

This stady was condacted in the soil Dept. College of Agricalture.University of Babylon (2013 – 2014). effect of adding potassium at the levels (0,10,20, and 30)mg K.kg-1 soil as potassium sulfate K2O 50% and phosphorus at the levels (0,5,10,20,40 and 80)mg P kg-1soil as triple super phosphate P2O5 46% on same growth indicators of barley plants and its contents of calcium and magnesium elements . Results showed superiority of adding phosphorus and potassium significantly in (plant height, weight of 100 grain, straw weight, biological yield) compared to control treatment.The results also showed superiority of adding phosphorus and potassium significantly in the proportion of calcium and magnesium elements In the vegetative part of barley crop compared to control treatmants.

Factorial field experiment was conducted at the field of Agriculture Coll., Al-Qasim Green University at the agricultural season 2014/2015 to study the effect of chemical (200 k.ha-1 of NPK, 18-18-18)and organic ( sheep waste ,10 tons.ha-1 )fertilizer (as soil adding) as well as control and foliar fertilizers (urea and sea weed extract) as well as control and their interaction on yield of broad bean, in saline soil (9.6 dS.m -1). The experiment was carried out by randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The experimental unit was 3.2 m2 (two ridges 2m long and 0.8 m apart, planting in both side at 25 cm apart). The results showed that soil fertilization (either chemical or organic fertilizer) led to a significant increase in the number of pods .pl-1 , the average of pod length , 100-seed weight and seed yield (ton.ha-1 ) significantly compared to control , without significant differences the fertilizer type in All the traits above. On the other hand foliar fertilizers led to increase all the traits above compared to control. The interaction between the factors had a significant effect on all traits, too.

A field experiment was conducted in the experimental field belonged to the agricultural extension in Al-Mhanawiya region north-west Babylon government who is followed to Babylon department of agriculture during the spring season 2014-2015, using randomized complete block design (RCBD), with three replication for sixteen treatment to get 48 experimental unit, dimension 3×3m as factorial experiment, to study the effect of different concentrations of potassium element (0 , 100 , 150 , 200) ppm as a foliar application as a first treatment, and different concentration of diluted sulfuric acid (0.100 ، 0.050 ، 0.025 ، 0.000) N added with irrigation water as a second treatment, The means compared by less significant difference (LSD) test and the level of probability 5%, to determine the effect of study factors in number of growth and yield characteristics of corn plants, showed that results of this study the foliar application of potassium fertilizer level (200 ppm) led to improve the traits growth and also characteristics of the yield and yield component as follows (number of grains per ear, 500 grain weigh, grains yield and the biological yield) and it increased with percentages of ( 5% , 4.7% , 10% , and 7.95% ) respectively about control treatment, while the effect of diluted sulfuric acid level (0.025 N) who added with irrigation water showed in the vegetative traits generaly.In addition that interaction between (0.025 diluted sulfuric acid and 200 potassium ) was superior for number of characteristics (number of rows per ear , grains yield and harvest index) .

A field experiment was carried out in private field ( Abu-Garaq ,10 km west of the city of Hilla) during the autumn season of 2014 in silty clay loam soil, to study the response of popcorn to spraying urea under different soil fertilization levels with urea and agricultural sulfur. Split – split blot design in randomized complete blocks design (RCBD) in three replications was used. The factors were: soil fertilizer with urea (0, 100 and 200 kg ha-1 ) which were given symbols (U0 , U100 , U200) respectively, and three agricultural sulfur levels (0-10-20 kg ha-1) which were given symbols (S0 , S10 , S20) respectively, and two levels of spraying urea (spraying and control ). The spraying was done twice (the first at 12 leaves stage while the second spray was in silk appearance stage (a concentration of %0.05) even full wet. ) which were given symbols (A0 , A1) respectively. The results showed that 200 kg ha-1 (U200) was superior significantly in plant height, plant leaves number , leaf area, leaf dry weight, leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD) , the percentage of leaf content of N, P and K , ear rows number, grain number per row, the weight of 300 grain , plant and total grain yield (249.1 cm, 17.97, 630.9 cm2, 18.24 g, 58.88, 2.45, 0.37 , 2.82 , 19.42 , 45.5 , 45,2 g, , 160.11 g, 7.63 ton.ha-1) respectively , Sulfur level 20 kg ha-1 (S20) was superior and gave the highest average of : plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf area, leaf dry weight , the percentage of each of N , P , K in leaves, ear rows number , grain no. per row, weight of 300 grain (237.7 cm, 17.67, 651.2 cm2, 17.58 , 2.54 , 0.37 , 2.88 , 18.97 , 43.48 g ) respectively , Spraying urea (A1) was superior in leaf area, the percentage of N and P in leaves and ear row number (635.3 cm 2, 2.49 , 0.37, 19.17 ) respectively. The interaction caused a significant effect in most of the studied traits.

This experiment was conducted to determine firstly the impact of method of the magnesium addition, and secondly the effect of number of times of the magnesium addition on the yield and growth of the Eggplant under greenhouse conditions. This study included two method of the magnesium addition (with irrigation water or spraying on shoot). The addition of magnesium was one or two times at the concentration of 100 mg L compared to the control treatments. The randomized complete block design was used to find the significant differences among the experimental factors. The outcome showed that the magnesium deficiency was 4.1% which noticed in the mid of the February. However, the percentage of the magnesium deficiency was 46.7% at the mid of the April. This result indicated that the plant needs more magnesium with increasing its growth. It was appeared also that the magnesium deficiency was 34.6% at two times spraying, 42.2% at one time spraying, 44% at two times irrigation and 63.4% at one time irrigation. This study concluded that the best spraying of magnesium was at two times in a well-aerated greenhouse.

This study was conducted at the poultry farm dept of Animal science College of Agriculture –AlQasim Green University from 17/10/2014 To 4/12/2015 to investigate the effect of Betaine addition to the diet on some qualities for Carcass characteristics of Japanease quail under to heat stress. 300 unsexed birds were used for the study . Birds were raised in cages and randomly distributed into 5 treatments with 3 riplicates / treat and 20 birds per riplicate, birds exposed to the temperature droah( 28-36-28)˚C.
Treatments as follows :
T1: Control treatment (without addition) .
T2 : Control diet with addition of Betaine at rate of 500mg /kg .
T3 : Control diet with addition of Betaine at rate of 1000 mg /kg .
T4 : Control diet with addition of Betaine at rate of 1500 mg /kg .
T5 : Control diet with addition of Betaine at rate of 2000 mg /kg .
The results were as follows:
There was a significant (p<0.01) superiority in dressing percentage for birds treated with betaine as compared with those of control treatment . A significant (p<0.01) superiority in the weigh of Chest muscle was also noticed for birds of T2 and T5 as compared with those of T1 and T4 . There was a significant (p<0.01) increase in thw total weight of chest meat and decrease in abdominal fat in birds of betaine treatments as compared with those of control treatment .

Experiment was carried out in 2014/2015 in Labs of agriculture college of Al-Qasim green University to study the effects of salt tension in growth of some fungi which isolated from poultry feeds .PDA medium used with two types of water with Ec 1.7 ,3,7,12 for each type .Results showed that there are three species of fungi which exposed to salt tension and calculated percent of replication and average of growth rate and inhibition of fungi growth.

This study was carried out at College of Agriculture- Al.Qasim greween university at period 2013 – 2014, the aims of this study were to study Aspergillus flavus isolates ability to produce Aflatoxin B1. (19) isolates of Aspergillus genus were isolated from various local crops. Seven species belong to Aspergillus genus were classified. (10) isolated of Aspergillus flavus were classified which their extracts were analyzed to know their abilities to produce Aflatoxins in vitro by TLC method. Only four isolates of A.flavus produced Aflatoxins isolates from barely, corn, pistachio nuts and grapefruit seed, then the positive isolates extracts gave 4000, 400, 130, 10μg Aflatoxin B1/ kg of rice medium, one of them which produce Sclerotia bodies gave higher quantity of AF.B1 than others of A.flavus isolates.

The experiment was Carried out in the lath house of Pharmacy college / University of Babylon, during the Agricultural season (2014) . To know the effect of NPK fertilizer in concentration 0,1,2 gm.l-1 and two varities of Iraqi and Irani Roselle plant and the interaction between them in the growth characteristics as follow plant hight(cm), numer of main branchs(plant),leaf area(cm2.plant-1),sabilla leaves contant of chlorophyll, yield characteristics ,numer of nut (plant-1), yield of sabilla leaves (gm.plant-1) , contant of some active components,and sabilla leave contants of vitamin C (mgm.litter-1) , pigments of anthocyanine (mgm.gm) , Gossptine (mgm .litter-1) , Gossptrine (mgm.litter-1) , Hibescine (mgm.litter-1), Protochatichuic acid(mgm.litter-1) .treatments were distributed by using randomized complete black Design (R.C.B.D.) and the comporison between means was done by using LSD test at probability level 0.05. The results showed that Iraqi varity was superior in som growth and yield characteristics ,while Iranian varity was superior in some of the active compounds. NPK fertilizer with (2gm.litter-1) concentration was superior up on other concentration inall characteristics studied above

This study was conducted at College of Agriculture / AL-Qasim Green University for the period from 1/9/2014 and up to 28/5/2015 on Al-awassi rams trained to semen collection and this study aimed to determine the impact of additive Nutrient extender added to the semen samples on DNA Integrity of spermatocyte in Al-awassi rams using "Comet Assay". Two types of common extender were in this study used for semen dilution and they are( Tris dilute and milk dilute added to them egg yolk) and compare , diluted samples with fresh samples through the assessment of DNA integrity of spermatocyte. The results of current study showed the following : Significant effect (P ≤ 0.05)of diluted type on the tail length of a comet, where fresh samples showed high level of DNA damaged (% 9.45 ± 0.46 ) compared to the diluted samples in Tris diluted (% 4.68 ± 0.18) and followed by the milk diluted (% 6.21 ± 0.20 ) . Type of extender showed significant effect (P ± 0.05) on the percentage of DNA in the tail and the tail moment where the milk diluted samples showed medium level of the damaged DNA ( % 6.05 ±0.28 ) and ( %0.62 ± 0.52 ) respectively. This study concluded that Tris dilute concentration(4.2%) was the best type in the DNA integrity compared to Milk dilute and control samples.

This study was conducted at College of Agriculture / AL-Qasim Green University for the period from 1/9/2014 and up to 28/5/2015 on Al-awassi rams trained to semen collection and this study aimed to determine the impact of additive Nutrient extender added to the semen samples on DNA Integrity of spermatocyte in Al-awassi rams using "Comet Assay". Two types of common extender were in this study used for semen dilution and they are( Tris dilute and milk dilute added to them egg yolk) and compare , diluted samples with fresh samples through the assessment of DNA integrity of spermatocyte. The results of current study showed the following : Significant effect (P ≤ 0.05)of diluted type on the tail length of a comet, where fresh samples showed high level of DNA damaged (% 9.45 ± 0.46 ) compared to the diluted samples in Tris diluted (% 4.68 ± 0.18) and followed by the milk diluted (% 6.21 ± 0.20 ) . Type of extender showed significant effect (P ± 0.05) on the percentage of DNA in the tail and the tail moment where the milk diluted samples showed medium level of the damaged DNA ( % 6.05 ±0.28 ) and ( %0.62 ± 0.52 ) respectively. This study concluded that Tris dilute concentration(4.2%) was the best type in the DNA integrity compared to Milk dilute and control samples.