Al-Rafidain Journal For Sport Sciences

The study aimed at expounding the impacts of a number of practice scheduling methods that were used in the educational programs of three experimental groups and the control group that used the followed style in the school in learning the motor building and comparing the results of the post-test between the three experimental groups that used some of the practice method and the control group that used the style followed in the school in learning the motor building of students of the first intermediate grade in a number of football and athletics skills .
The researchers used the experimental method appropriate to the nature of the study, the research community was (232) students of the first intermediate class in Al-Shumookh Intermediate School for boys distributed on )4(classes as for the sample of the study it was taken on the intentional approach and it was distributed on three experimental group and one is a controlling group and it was taken randomly by choosing (15) students for each group which means that the number was (60) students.
The researcher adopted the design that he called called “Designing the equivalent group with the pre & post-test” and the adopted a design that is called “Designing the stable equivalent group with the post-test observation also they have done a questionnaire from ,personal interviews ,scientific observation tests ,measurements ,and a form for redressing the operant building. A party is done between the groups of the research in a number of variables (age, height mass, mental abilities (attention, intelligence) and some physical and motor factors that affect motor building learning of a number of team and individual game). The educational program of the school which is (The style used in the school) and (A guide for the teacher of the physical education for the intermediate school) are applied on the control group, Also the special educational programs were applied with the styles of the scheduling practice on the experimental groups and these programs has (72) educational unit with (18) educational unit for each group they are done twice a week in )45(minutes.
The researchers conclude that the educational programs concerning the styles of the scheduling practices (the distributed, the intensive & the random) and the special program with the control group (the followed style in the school) has affected positively in learning the mobile building for a number of football and athletics skills

The research aims to:
- Preparation of a higher performance planning evaluation tool from the trainers point of view of the specialized centers in the sports talent care departments of the Iraqi Ministry of Youth and Sports.
- Knowing the level of the high-performance planning in the sports talent care departments of the Iraqi Ministry of Youth and Sports from the coaches' point of view.
The descriptive approach was used in the survey method, and the research samples consisted of (10) trainers from the sample of the initial exploratory application, and the sample to verify the internal consistency and reliability of the tool, which consisted of (117) trainers, from the research community the application sample of (68) trainers was prepared. A questionnaire to evaluate the planning of high performance in the departments of sports talent care based on the guide to plan the high performance of talented athletes, submitted by the Australian Ministry of Sports with the aim of developing the talented athletes in it, and which was contributed by each of (Lauren Cowan, Jackie Fairweather and GavinMacDonald, 2012). In treating the data statistically, the mean and percentage were used in determining the direction of the answers according to the five Likert gradient. The researchers concluded:
Governance at a medium level, while administrative planning took place at a low level, financial management came at a very low level, and talent development programs got a low level, and the development of human and material resources and the structure of competition came at a very low level, as well as the decline in the national and international achievements expected during the next five years.

The study aims at the following:
- Modify and apply the organizational health scale of the student' activities departments in the Iraqi Universities.
- Identifying the level of the organizational health of the student' activities departments managers in the Iraqi Universities from the sport employees' point of view.
The researchers used the descriptive method by surveying. The samples of preparation and final application involved (249) and (166) of sport employees respectively who are working at the department of students' activities at the Iraqi government universities. To obtain the data, a questionnaire form was built, which included dimensions represented by (the clarity of goals, organizational confidence, morales, adaptation, resources exploitation, authority balance, communication convenience, innovation, problem solving and independence). The researchers applied the scale after verifying its scientific requirements. Data was processed statistically using some statistical tools like: the arithmatic average, percentage, simple correlation and Alpha Kronbach coefficient. The researchers concluded the following:
- Building up a scale of organizational health for students' activities departments in accordance with the conditions, which are relevant for developing it.
- Departments of students' activities enjoy a (high) level of organizational health from their sport employees' point of view, and the following indicators were observed:
A- The students' activities departments are characterized with the dimension of goals clarity, which was (very high) and that was accomplished because these departments set achievable goals and compatible with the goals of their sport employees.
B- There is a (high) level of the rest of dimensions of the organizational health, which is compatible with the level of all their components.

Educational supervision is considered one of the most important elements of the educational process, as it has a major role in improving and developing all elements of the educational process. Indeed, the first and basic task of educational supervision is to develop and develop the teacher's capabilities, improve his level of performance, help him solve problems facing him, and provide him with expertise. Occasion .
Educators also unanimously agree that the educational supervision process is a specialized technical service provided by the competent educational supervisor to the teachers who work with him in order to improve the teaching and learning process and work to develop it in all its fields. males and females), to lead and influence those under their responsibility in order to raise the level of performance in the field of work
That is, the educational supervisor must possess multiple qualifications, including (leadership, administrative, and personal), in order to ensure the achievement of the desired goals of supervision, and this is the responsibility of those in charge of the process of selecting supervisors to find ways to ensure the success of the selection process.
The importance of the current research lies in comparing the personal and administrative characteristics of choosing the supervisor (educational and specialist) for physical education teachers and teachers between male and female supervisors through the level of their performance on these standards.
The researchers used the descriptive approach, where the research community included (514) male and female supervisors, and the researchers put out a questionnaire on a sample of the community amounted to (285) male and female supervisors. The results showed that there are significant differences in personal and administrative characteristics between male and female educational supervisors and specialists, and in favor of males

The importance of the current study lies in it conducting a comparison between two training methods of ballistic resistance for the school athletes specialized in the long jump. The first method use the medical balls with different weights, while the second method use the ballistic tapes with different resistances on the basis of the original tape length and its percentage of stretching. The goal of the research is to explore the effects of these two methods to develop specific aspects of the muscular strength of the arms. The study sample was intentionally selected from the Specialized School athletes for gifted and strong saliva in the long jump Nineveh Branch, which numbered 10 athletes, and was divided randomly into two experimental groups with (5) athletes for each group. Equivalence was made for the two study groups in my tests (explosive force, and the distinctive force of velocity for the arms). The probability value appeared respectively (0.608) and (0.667), which is not significant, indicating that the two groups are equal. The ballistic resistance curriculum was initially implemented as part of the main section of the trainer curriculum unit for a period of 9 weeks. The sample conducted the tests in the pre and post measurements (the test of throwing a medical ball with the arms to the farthest distance), (and the test of throwing the medical ball against the wall at a distance of (1.5 m) continuously for 10 seconds)
The results of the study showed that there were significant differences in favor of the ballistic tapes, with a marked improvement in the explosive power and the force characterized by the velocity of the arms.
The study concluded that the method of ballistic resistance using tapes is distinguished from the method of using medical balls.
The study focused in its recommendations on long jump trainers to use ballistic style exercises with tape for the arms at the end of the special preparation period and to combine them with the trainer's training program.

The aim of the search is to:
- Identify the distribution of research tools used by master's students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Mosul, according to their scientific orientations.
- Identify the suitability of the research tools used with the standards that must be available in the researches of master's students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Mosul.
The researchers used the descriptive analytical and documentary method, and the sample consisted of master’s theses in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Mosul, which numbered (167), And the percentage, As for, uh, the results were represented by:
- A number of research tools and established criteria (technical observation, physical tests, skill tests, practical achievement test, digital achievement test, functional tests and measurements, performance paper and pencil test, physical construction measurements, physical and biomechanical measurements), which means the accuracy of their use.
- The (questionnaire, interview, scale, objective observation, and self-observation) are research tools that showed their inadequacy for some of the criteria set for use.
- Like the questionnaire, the most research tool is inappropriate for some criteria in physical education and sports science messages

The current study aims at:
- Identifying the statistical significant differences of some physical variables for the handball players between the pre-test and the post-test of the experimental group.
- Identifying the statistical significant differences of some physical variables for the handball players between the controlling and the experimental group in the post-test.
In order to verify the objectives of the research, the researchers put forwards the following:
- There are significant differences in some physical variables for the handball players between the pre-test and the post-test for the experimental group in favor of the post-test.
- Identifying the statistical significant differences of some physical variables for the handball players between the controlling and the experimental groups in favor of the experimental group.
The researchers used the experimental methodology as it suits the nature of the research and the experiment was conducted for a sample that includes AlFotuwwa club handball players, whom were tested using the deliberate method and divided randomly into two groups (the experimental and the controlling groups) and each of the groups consisted of (10) players for each group. Homogeneity and equivalence were achieved in the two groups of the research in terms of the (age, height and weight) variables, in addition to the variables determined by the relevant specialists. The experimental design that is called the design of the controlling group with random selection with pre-test and post-test .The procedures of the research involved press and role-exchange exercises with a competitive style and these exercises were applied to the experimental group.
In light of the results reached, the researchers drew the following conclusions:
- The press and role-exchange exercises using the competition style developed all the physical variables through comparing the results of the pre-tests and post-tests of the experimental groups.

- The program prepared by the coach resulted in developing the power distinguished by speed for the arms
- The experimental group, which used the press and role-exchange exercises with the competitive style achieved a better development than the controlling group, which used the program prepared by the coach, in terms of all the physical and skill variables tackled by the research and that was through comparing the results of the post-tests of the experimental and the controlling groups.

The study aimed to:
- Recognizing the values of some biomechanical variables for the backhand topspin stroke in table tennis.
- Recognizing the values of the accuracy test for the performance for the backhand topspin stroke in table tennis.
- Recognizing the relationship between a number of biomechanical variables and the accuracy values of the backhand topspin stroke in table tennis.
In order to verify the objectives of the study, the researcher had assumed the following:
- There is a significant relationship between the values of a number of biomechanical variables and the accuracy values of the backhand topspin stroke in table tennis.
The researchers used the descriptive method for its suitability to the nature of the research, and the research sample was chosen in a deliberate way from players of Premier League clubs, the category of applicants for table tennis, which numbered (7) players representing Sulaymaniyah Sports Club and Mosul Sports Club, and registered with the Iraqi Table Tennis Federation. The researchers used scientific sources and references, content analysis, questionnaire, test and measurement, and technical scientific observation as sources for data collection. The research included biomechanical variables and the accuracy of the forehand topspin stroke.
Two main experiments were conducted, The first experiment was conducted in the Sulaymaniyah Club / Sulaymaniyah Governorate, and the second was conducted in the Sports Activity Department of Nineveh Education / Nineveh Governorate. Technical scientific observation was achieved using two (2) high-speed digital cameras for the purpose of tracking the technical performance of the front screw. For biomechanical variables.
The digital film was transferred to a computer, as the variables under study were extracted by means of kinetic analysis programs (AutoCAD 2021) and the data were statistically processed using the (SPSS) program to obtain (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, and simple correlation coefficient).
The researchers concluded:
- Accuracy is negatively affected when the center of gravity of the body is lowered in the backhand maximum swing stage of the striking arm in the backhand spin swing.
- Increasing the angular velocity increases the amount of accuracy in the hitting phase of the backhand spin.
Through the conclusions, the researchers recommend:
- Directing players to pay attention to the ideal angles for the technical performance of table tennis skills.
- Directing the Table Tennis Sub-Federation to provide modern training equipment to develop the technical performance of the players.
- Study other biomechanical variables that were not addressed in this study.

The study aimed to:
- Constructing a scale of spatial perception of futsal players.
- Establishing standard degrees and levels for the spatial perception scale for futsal players.
The researchers used the descriptive approach with its survey for its convenience to the research nature, While the research community determined of the players of the Iraqi Premier League clubs in futsal for the season (2020-2021), which numbered (220) players , Where the research sample consisted of (160) players representing approximately (73%) of the research community, and the research sample was divided into two samples (construction and application), the construction sample included (80) players, and the application sample included (40) players . The researchers used content analysis, questionnaire, and personal interview as means of data collection, and for the purpose of constructing the spatial perception scale, the researchers followed all the scientific steps in constructing the scales , Which resulted in reaching the construction of the spatial perception scale for futsal players in its final form, which consists of (25) items, The statistical means that were calculated by the statistical program (SPSS) for the purposes of the research were limited to (percentage, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, simple correlation coefficient, skew modulus, and standard score 6 sigma).
The researchers reached the following conclusions:
- The spatial perception scale of the futsal players in the Iraqi Premier League was constructed, and it consisted of 25 items.
- The grades and standard levels of the spatial perception scale for futsal players in the Iraqi Premier League were established.
- Variation of spatial perception of futsal players.
The researchers recommended a set of recommendations,here are the most important ones:
- Adopting the spatial awareness scale that was produced by the study in evaluating the spatial awareness level of the advanced futsal players.
- Adopting the standard tables of the spatial awareness scale in giving the levels to the players.
- Preparing standard tables for the spatial perception scale produced by the study for young players.
- Constructing scales of spatial perception for other team activities.
- Working to raise the level of spatial awareness of futsal players in the Iraqi Premier League

The aim of the search is to:
- Identifying some physical determinants of Taekwondo players in the National Center for the Care of Sports Talent in Nineveh Governorate for ages (15-17) years.
- Evaluation of some physical determinants of Taekwondo players in the National Center for the Care of Sports Talent in Nineveh Governorate for ages (15-17) years through:
- Finding grades and standard levels for some physical determinants of Taekwondo players in the National Center for the Care of Sports Talent in Nineveh Governorate for ages (15-17).
- Identifying the differences for some physical determinants of Taekwondo players in the National Center for the Care of Sports Talent in Nineveh Governorate for ages (15-17) through (the specific model).
In order to achieve the objectives of the research, the researchers assumed the following:
- There are significant differences in some physical determinants of taekwondo players between the specific model and the talented ones from the National Center for the Care of Sports Talent, in favor of the model.
As for the research procedures, the researchers used the descriptive approach in its survey and comparative style, and the research sample consisted of (44) Taekwondo players representing the specialized school in the National Center for the Care of Sports Talent in Nineveh Governorate for ages (15-17) years, and the researchers used scientific sources and references, questionnaire and test as means to collect the data, the researchers also used the mean, standard deviation, percentage, simple correlation coefficient, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, T-test for one sample, law of subjective validity and modified standard score (six-sigma) as statistical means.
The researchers reached the following conclusions:
- Tables of levels and standard scores for the general determinants of Taekwondo players have been reached in the National Center for Sports Talent in Nineveh Governorate for ages (15-17) years.
- The model player outperformed the sample members in all physical determinants (Taekwondo players) for ages (15-17) years.
A set of recommendations were made, the most important of which are:
- The need to pay attention to physical characteristics when selecting Taekwondo players for ages (15-17) years.
- Relying on the standard tables shown by the research in evaluating and evaluating the level of players in the Specialized School of Taekwondo for ages (15-17) years in the National Center for Sports Talent in Nineveh Governorate.

The research aims to :
- Detecting the effect of using the concept maps strategy and the method used by the teacher on the cognitive achievement of some basic football skills among third-yearstudents of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / Salah al-Din University.
- Comparison between the effect of using the concept maps strategy and the method used by the teacher in retaining the cognitive achievement of some basic football skills.
The researchers used the experimental method for its suitability and the nature of the research. The research community consisted of the students of the third academic year in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Salah al-Din for the academic year (2020-2021), who were deliberately chosen, and their number was (120) male and female students divided into (4) divisions.A, B, C, D), my division has been excluded (A,C ) This is because she received lectures without time or days, unlike my division.D, B), which gives lectures on Sundays and Tuesdays at (8:30 AM) and (10:30 AM). The research sample was also chosen intentionally.
Accordingly, the research sample consisted of the people. B, DThe female students and the college and university team players were excluded , so the number of the final sample reached (32) students from the research community, and by lottery, the two methods were distributed to the two groups, the first group (the experimental group) represented by a division.B ) which was studied according to the concept maps strategy, and the second group (the control group) was represented by a division. D ) which was studied according to the method followed by the teacher.
The implementation of the program took (6) weeks, with two educational units per week, for the period from 28/3/2021 to 4/5/2021, and the time of one educational unit amounted to (90) minutes. The researcher used the statistical programSPSS Which included the following means (arithmetic mean, standard deviation and test) T) for correlated samples and percentage), and Gutman's equation for the split-half, and the percentage of retention.
In light of the research results, the researcher reached the following conclusions:
1 - The strategy of concept maps and the method used by the teacher had a positive effect on retaining the cognitive achievement of football and keep it.
2 - The experimental group, which used the concept maps strategy, outperformed the control group, which used the method used by the teacher in the retention test for the cognitive achievement of football.
The researcher recommended the following:
1 - The necessity of using the concept maps strategy in teaching football in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, given that it contains many main, sub-, branched, and similar skills.
2 - Conducting research using the concept map strategy in teaching football law subjects.

The current study aims at:
- The effect of muscular ability training using weights on a number of physical variables for female volleyball players of the experimental group between the pre and post tests.
- Significance of differences in a number of physical variables for female volleyball players between the experimental and control groups in the post test.
In order to verify the objectives of the research, the researcher put forwards the following:
- There are significant differences in the muscular ability and components of special physical fitness among female volleyball players between the pre and post tests of the experimental group and in favor of the post test.
- There are significant differences in the muscular ability and components of special physical fitness among female volleyball players in the post test between the experimental and control groups, in favor of the experimental group.
The researcher used the experimental method for its relevance to the nature of the research, and the sample and the research community consisted of the players of the Qaraqosh Sports Club for volleyball for ages (16-19), who numbered (40), and the research sample consisted of (12) players who were chosen randomly, representing 30% of the community. It was divided into two groups, control and experimental, with (6) female players for each group, in addition to the selection of (6) female players to conduct exploratory experiments on them from the research community.
Experimental group: strength and maximal strength training using weights.
Control group: the curriculum prepared by the trainer for the same period.
The researcher used the experimental design, which is called “the post-tribal experiment on an experimental group and a control group” (Al-Shafi’i and Morsi, 1999, 83).
A training curriculum and the exercises used with weights were prepared for the experimental group. The implementation of the program took (6) weeks in two medium sessions with three training units per week, and this program was implemented during the specified period from 20/3/2021 to 29/4/2021.
In light of the results reached, the researcher drew the following conclusions:
- Weight training positively affects muscular ability, as well as affects the basic physical variables in volleyball.
- Significant differences appeared with statistical significance between the results of the post-test between the experimental and control groups and in favor of the experimental group in the tests of muscular ability, and also significant differences appeared with statistical significance in the tests of physical characteristics and in favor of the experimental group

The study aimed to, Designing a questionnaire about the obstacles to professionalism in the legal and financial aspect of some clubs in the Iraqi Premier League in football from the point of view of the administrators,dentifying the percentages of obstacles to sports professionalism in the legal aspect of some Iraqi Premier League clubs from the point of view of the administratorsIdentifying the ratios of obstacles to sports professionalism in the financial aspect of some Iraqi Premier League clubs from the point of view of the administrators,The descriptive approach was used in the survey method, and the research community included (88) training from some Iraqi Premier League football clubs (20) paragraph, and its apparent validity was confirmed, as well as the stability of the tool, and the researcher used in the statistical treatments the percentage, the arithmetic mean, the Pearson correlation coefficient, the Spearman-Brown equation, the Guttman equation, and Alpha Cronbach through the (spss) program,The researchers concluded that there are obstacles in the legal aspect in greater proportions than they are in the financial aspect, and there are obstacles in the financial aspect in large proportions. Orientation towards the development of professional regulations focusing mainly on the legal aspect.

The research aims at revealing the following:
- Recognizing values, the variables (forceplatform) for weightlifter two side right and left in the snatch lift.
- Recognizing values variance in the variables (forceplatform) for weightlifter two side right and left in the snatch lift.
Two researchers used descriptive approach for its relevance the nature of the research problem, while the research sample was chosen a deliberate, and they are the weightlifters of the Nineveh province team and the numbers (5).weightlifters.
Two researchers used test and movement analysis and mensuration for wherewithal collecting database, procurement values some variables forceplatform, they are area under curve, time area under curve and area under curve division time, max force and average force. the data were processed statistically using the following means through the use of the statistical baggage researcher’s (spss).in light of the research results.
the researchers reached the following conclusions :
- There are no significant differences between the two side of the weightlifter in the all variables in the snatch lift.
- The superiority of the right side over the left side in the variables forceplantform in the ( max force)
- The superiority of the right side over the left side in the variables forceplatform in the (area under curve and area under curve divided time) in the snatch lift.
There searchers recommended several recommendations.
- In order to benefit from them in training on balancing in the variables forceplatform between the two ends of the side in the clean. And confirm continuous use with the exercises measuring forceplatform and note the amount of force produced by the weightlifter during lifting the required weight.

The aim of the research is to designing satisfaction with the coach scale in viewpoint of Salah El-Din governorate club players in football, and in order to achieve this, the researchers designed a measure of satisfaction with the coach, As for the research problem, it stems from the need to address the theoretical and practical issue of satisfaction with the coach. Sports in particular, studies on such topics are still limited and few, so the research problem is focused on the lack of a measure of satisfaction with the coach from the point of view of the players of Salah al-Din Governorate football clubs, and the researchers used the descriptive analytical approach, The research community included Salah Al-Din clubs players in the football game and by (10) sports clubs that practice football effectiveness, which included (228) players. Pearson's simple correlation, Cronbach's alpha coefficient, Spearman-Brown equation.
The researchers reached the validity of the measure of satisfaction with the coach in measuring the levels of satisfaction with the coach among football players in Salah El-Din Governorate clubs

The research aims to:
- Preparing a program for sounding thinking strategies with blended learning for a number of badminton skills.
- Detecting the differences between the post-tests of the two experimental groups and the two control groups for male and female students using the probing thinking strategies with integrated education in the technical and skill performance of a number of badminton skills.
The research sample was chosen deliberately from four divisions being taught by one teacher. The researchers chose the two control groups and the two experimental groups randomly by drawing lots.
Probe thinking strategies were used with blended learning for the two experimental groups of male and female students, while the two control groups used the traditional method of the teacher in teaching badminton skills, and the researchers used the statistical package (SPSS ).
The researchers concluded the following :
- The experimental groups of male and female students outperformed the control groups of male and female students in the skill performance tests for a number of badminton skills

The aim of the search is to:
- Recognize the cohesion of sports teams in football.
The two researchers used the descriptive approach for its relevance and the nature of the research. The total research community included class (C) football coaches in the northern region, whose number is (292) coaches, distributed over (5) governorates, namely (Nineveh, Erbil, Sulaymaniyah, Duhok, and Kirkuk), As for the main research sample, it amounted to (126) trainers, distributed among the pilot experiment sample, with (6) trainers, while the construction sample included (70) trainers, while the application sample included (45) trainers. The two researchers prepared a measure of the soccer team's integration through the application of scientific transactions in the preparation of the standards. After the two researchers conducted all the scientific procedures related to the preparation of the measure of cohesion of sports teams, the measure was applied to the members of the research sample during the period from (2/5/2021) to (28/5/2021), and to achieve the purposes of the current research, the researchers used the statistical methods that were calculated Using the computer program (SPSS).
The researchers found:
- The effectiveness of the measure of cohesion of sports teams in football, which was prepared by the two researchers.
- Football teams in the northern region are distinguished by their cohesion from the point of view of their coaches

The aim of the research is to identify the reality of the physical education and sports activities lesson in middle and middle school for boys from the point of view of the principals of middle and secondary schools in the center of Nineveh Governorate. On five axes: the first axis (the lesson of physical education), the second axis (the physical education teacher), the third axis (sports activities), the fourth axis (school teams) and the fifth axis (the capabilities and tools) and each phrase of the questionnaire is considered a specific practice and the research community consists of middle school principals And the preparatory for boys school for the center of Nineveh Governorate, whose number is (215 ) Director The research sample consisted of (50) principals working in middle and middle schools in the city of Mosul inside, and the researcher concluded that the degree of importance of the physical education lesson according to the five axes was medium

-Revealing the degree of inclusion of indicators for analyzing the methodological book according to the hierarchical organization of Bloom's levels.
The researchers assumed the following:
- Not including the indicators of the systematic book analysis of swimming subject according to the hierarchical organization of Bloom's levels in a balanced manner.
The researcher used the experimental approach to deal with the elements of the curriculum, and also used the descriptive approach in a content analysis method to deal with the curriculum book for swimming. The whole country (except for the Kurdistan region), as well as the curriculum book for swimming, which is approved in most universities in the country.
The researcher conducted a process of analyzing the educational content of swimming, during which she used the McKinsey test for multiple intelligences and the Watson test for critical thinking. The researcher used the statistical bag to treat the data statistically.
The researchers concluded:
- Not including the indicators of the hierarchical organization of Bloom's levels in the units of the curriculum in a balanced manner..

The goal of the research is to identify the statistical differences in the degree of the practice of supervisory competencies of the educational supervisor and the specialist from the point of view of teachers and teachers in the city of Mosul, and the descriptive analytical approach was relied on to suit it with the goals of the research, and the research community included teachers and teachers of physical education in government schools in the city of Mosul, Where the community included (827) teachers and teachers for sports education, including (583) male and female teachers and (244) teachers. As for the research sample, it was chosen in the random way (233), which constitutes (28%) of both sexes of the research community.
The researchers used the analysis of sources, questionnaire and personal interview, and a questionnaire was prepared to assess the supervisory competencies of the educational supervisor from the point of view of physical education teachers, and the questionnaire in its final form is from (67) a paragraph divided into nine competencies and after confirming the scientific transactions of the questionnaire from the sincerity of the arbitrators and the sincerity of the internal consistency of the paragraphs and the constructive honesty The stability of the questionnaire was confirmed in two ways: the method of midterm retail and the method of alpha coloring laboratories, followed by the distribution of the questionnaire on the sample and its statistically addressed by the T.Test test, and the Levin test was one of the most important results reached by the research that there are no statistically indicative differences in the degree of supervisory competencies of the educational supervisor And the specialist from the point of view of teachers and teachers

The study of climatic changes within the framework of the climatic presence and the changes that occur in our society from crises, epidemics, global warming, and the rise in land levels in different countries, which leads to high blood pressure, which directly affects the physical, physiological and training condition of the trained person. The study aims to identify climate variables Regarding the educational process, the link of sustainable development goals with climate change, the extent of the impact of climate change and sustainable development on the lesson of physical education, the researchers used the descriptive approach within the framework of studies and theoretical literature related to the study and similar ones, and the experimental approach through the application and analysis of the variables of the study, and the study community consisted of students of the School of the Future languages in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate. The conclusions came that the percentage of practice in the summer is more than the practice in the winter in the context of climatic changes, and the percentage of practice was (44%) compared to the percentage of practice in the winter by (35%), indicating that the effect of climatic changes in the winter season has a physiological effect on exercise. For the summer season, the recommendations were to apply climate change variables to all sports related to physical education and sports sciences

The study aimed to reveal the types of foot arches and the prevalence of flat feet among school students and the type of their relationship to each of the variables (height, mass, body mass index, waist measurement. The researcher used the descriptive approach in the style of survey studies to address the research problem, and the research community included school students’ stage (3-9) of Basic Education in the city of Halabja, their ages range from (8-15) years, and (7) schools were chosen in an intentional way, where the total number of the participating sample was (1018) students, including (748) male students and (270) female students. The measurement of the arch of the foot was done by foot printing, and the results were the prevalence of cases of types of arches among the research sample almost equally between the sexes, and the prevalence of the case of the flat foot arch (flexible foot) significantly among the research sample almost equally between the sexes. Body, body mass, body mass index, and waist measurement do not have a strong and direct relationship with the condition of the arch of the foot, especially flat feet (flexible feet). The researcher recommended conducting similar research to determine other factors that affect the increase in the prevalence of flat feet. Health and quality of the arch of the foot from an early date Consider the case of flat feet because its spread leads to types of diseases and cases of skeletal injuries among members of the community.

The study aims to :
- Identifying the relationship of some physical measurements in the performance of the front circular kick skill in the sport of Taekwondo.
- Identifying the percentage of the contribution of some body measurements to the performance of the front circular kick skill in Taekwondo.
The researchers used the descriptive approach using the survey and correlation method, and the research community was identified with the (60) players of the National Center for the Care of Sports Talent in Taekwondo in Nineveh Governorate. ), and the following conclusions were reached:
- The physical measurements showed a significant positive correlation with the performance of the front circular kick skill in Taekwondo.
- The anthropometric measurements proved the percentage of a total significant contribution to the performance of the front circular kick skill in Taekwondo using the (Enter) method in a good manner.
- A number of body measurements (total body length, waist circumference, thigh circumference, knee width, foot length) have proven a high contribution rate, which confirms that it is the best, as it effectively contributes to the skill of the front circular kick in Taekwondo..

The current research goal is to:
- Identifying the emotional sensitivity of the volleyball players of Nineveh universities teams.
- Identifying the positive behavior of the volleyball players of Nineveh universities teams.
To achieve the objectives of the research, the researchers assumed the following:
- Nineveh University volleyball players are characterized by good levels of emotional sensitivity and positive behavior
- There is a statistically significant relationship between emotional sensitivity and positive behavior among the players of the Nineveh Universities volleyball teams.
The researchers used the descriptive approach in the style of correlational relations to suitability and the nature of the research.
The research community consisted of players from the universities of Nineveh Governorate in volleyball for the academic year (2021-2022), who numbered (91) players, distributed to (7) universities, which are (Mosul, Nineveh, Tal Afar, Al-Hamdaniya, Northern Technology, Al-Nour University, Al-Hadbaa Al-Ahlia), approved by the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, while the research sample consisted of (73) players representing (66.43%) of the original research community, and (3) players were excluded for not completing the research questionnaires, as well as excluding (5) Players for participating in the reconnaissance experiment, and excluding (10) players for stability. The researchers concluded that the research sample members possess positive emotional sensitivity by comparing the value of the arithmetic mean with the value of the hypothetical mean

In this research, we propose a sports indicator to measure the historical performance of any sports team. By applying one of the cases of Markov chains through the state of equilibrium to the results of the historical matches that the team contributed to (win, draw, loss), and then applying this indicator to a selection of the most famous international football teams.
It is noted from this study that Brazil historically ranked first in football, followed by Spain, then England, then Argentina, then Italy, then Germany, then the Netherlands, then Portugal, then Denmark, then Belgium.
As a general summary of this study, it is a unique study at the level of the university and Iraq, in which we touched on the role of mathematics and its applications in the field of football. Role in the development of this effectiveness, and stand on the treatment of problems and decision-making