Sciences Journal Of Physical Education

The compound exercises work to develop and refine the talents of young footballers and from young ages and from the beginning of the training life of the player to reach the higher levels, and that the good performance level of the player is reflected in a set of basic skills and abilities that he possesses in the face of different offensive situations and making the correct and sound decision within the competition and the conditions of the match .The researchers set their goals to prepare compound exercises (skill - planning) through the use of different and varied training methods among football beginners and to identify the effect of these complex exercises, as they used the experimental method on a sample consisting of (30) players, as they designed a test for playing situations Offensive. The implementation of compound harmonic exercises in the main section began only with (24) training units. The results of the research that were presented and analyzed for the pre and post-tests of the research group appeared. The researchers concluded that compound exercises have an effect on the effectiveness of the performance of footballers in the face of offensive play situations .

The research aims to prepare a training methodology to develop the strength of the leg muscles among female weightlifters , to reveal the differences between the pre and post tests among the experimental and control groups in the strength of the leg muscles, and to reveal the differences between the two dimensional tests in the experimental and control groups in the strength of the muscles of the legs, and then to reveal the differences in achievement Jerk (chest up lift) between the experimental and control groups in the two dimensional tests of the team of Salahaddin University - Erbil. The research significance lies in the fact that the muscles of the legs are one of the most important elements of the task of the male and female weightlifters in weightlifting to complete the process of jogging and the easiness of movement when performing it, and that this force results in the strength of the back and front muscles of the legs in addition to the muscles of the back to accomplish the movement, especially the weightlifters suffer in competitions and tournaments to accomplish achievement and individual level. The researcher uses the experimental approach due to the suitability of this approach that the research sample may consist of (10 ten) female weightlifters students from Salahaddin University - Erbil (an intentional restricted sample) of female students who practice weightlifting at the ages of 18-26 years, and the sample is deliberately divided into two groups, Experimental which consists of 5 weightlifters and a control group which also consists of 5 weightlifters. This is according to their achievement in lifting from the chest up (jerk) and the beard (back squatting) after that, and then dividing them into the two groups by drawing lots. The experimental group concludes that the proposed training program may take place. A significant development in the completion of chest-to-top lift squat achievement has emerged in favor of post-tests. As for the control group, the control group program will have a moral development in the completion of a chest lift and then an upward jerk, and for the benefit of the post test with a smaller percentage than the experimental group. As for the conclusions of the two-group post-tests, the experimental group and the control group program create significant differences in all research variables in the post-tests.

Experts and researchers have used a lot of educational methods that were able to transfer the decisions related to teaching from the teacher to the student, and then the student himself becomes the focus of the educational process, especially if the appropriate method is chosen, and among these methods, including the method of inclusion is the method that takes into consideration all levels of students in performing motor skills by specifying duties or multiple levels of training on skills by the teacher. Therefore, this method depends primarily on the student’s ability to perform the skill according to his physical and skill abilities. It is one of the modern methods, which means reaching the educated group to the degree of mastery, and from here the researcher found the possibility of applying these two methods in learning the wide jump activity among students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, where the research aimed to identify the effect of using (the inclusion and technical method) in learning the wide jump activity and learn the best method for learning this activity. The researcher used the experimental approach and the sample included 40 students from the first stage of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / Al-Mustansiriya University, and an educational curriculum was prepared in both methods that included 12 educational units, and the researcher conducted a test to determine the performance level of the wide jump activity and was evaluated by three experts after photographing Performance .
The researcher has concluded:
1.There is an improvement in the performance level of students with the wide jump activity for both experimental and control groups.
2.There were differences in the effect of the method of inclusion and cooperative learning in developing students ’performance level with the wide jump activity and in favor of the experimental group (the inclusion method)

Human wealth is the reality of any society and children are considered the head of that wealth in facing the challenges of the modern era, and since childhood is the mainstay of the future, and caring for children in the early age stage is the basis on which their healthy upbringing is based in their next stages of development, as well as attention to this stage and not neglecting it and working to benefit from it by investing the energies of individuals and directing them to the proper educational direction. Play is dynamic processes that express the individual's needs for enjoyment and pleasure and satisfying the modern tendency of activity. Elementary school is a fertile field for teaching different types of exploratory activities as it is the basic basis for teaching different movements, and the physical education lesson in primary schools is one of the important areas in presenting various sports activities for children as the movement progresses as a basic form in the learning process and it can be presented this movement in the form of competitive dynamic games and one of the main objectives of the physical education lesson is to be completed likewise, in providing the means and foundations for the integral development of the child in terms of physical, kinetic, recreational, social and exploratory aspects, where movement is used as a basic method in the educational process and based on these facts The research significance has emerged in the absence of a program of exploratory games concerned with primary school students, which prompted the researcher to prepare a program for exploratory games which aims to teach students a variety of activities based on uncovering the unknown on their own by giving them complete freedom to solve the movement problem presented to them in the game, and it specifically aims to develop the motor fitness of first-grade pupils.

The study included the effect of anaerobic effort with the period of hospitalization on biochemical variables to detect cardiac activity, which included: the natriuretic peptide hormone, the hormone angiotensin II, sodium and potassium, the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase, the enzyme creatine kinas and the enzyme aspartate aminotransferase, as this study was conducted on (15) players from the arena Participants in the Mosul University team for middle distance runners.
The results indicated that there was a significant decrease between the test before the effort and the test immediately after the effort for each of the hormone angiotensin II and the enzyme aspartate aminotransferase in favor of the immediate post-effort.
The results also showed that there was a significant decrease between the test before the effort and the test after the 5-minute hospitalization period for each of the hormone angiotensin II and the enzyme aspartate aminotransferase in favor of the 5-minute recovery period, and the results showed the opposite for each of the sodium, potassium and lactate dehydrogenate enzyme. In addition, a significant decrease was observed between the post-exertion test and the test after the 5-minute hospitalization period, with potassium and cretin kinas in favor of the 5-minute recovery period.

After the researcher reviewed the scientific sources in the field of sports training, he noticed that stairs exercises have a great role on the physical variables in the performance of a complex series of exercises on the (agility stairs) as there are many different and varied models of endless stairs exercises and have many benefits for players. We learned that peace exercises are fun and exciting exercises that inspire fun and create a competitive spirit for players.
Therefore, the idea of research arose in conducting an experimental scientific study of stairs exercises based on the science of sports training to show the extent of their impact on the physical variables and the skill and mental abilities in the futsal game. The research aims to :
Expose the effect of stairs exercises on a number of physical and kinetic variables for futsal young players .
The researcher used the experimental method to suit the nature of research. The stairs training curriculum was implemented on a sample of (19) years old among Zakho Futsal Club young players, whose number is (16) players, and the design of the two equal groups.

The research aims to identify the impact of the individual competitive learning strategy by using special exercises on learning the skills of pass and service from below in volleyball, and to reveal the best group to achieve learning. The research problem is determined to find educational alternatives through the use of modern teaching methods and strategies and the use of special exercises when learning skills to achieve the goals in the educational environment in the service of the teaching process, as (30) students were randomly selected from the second grade in the Department of Physical Education / College of Basic Education at Garmian University, and their average age was (19-21) years and the regular and regular attendants for the academic year 2061-2017and they were tested in the skills of pass and service from the below in volleyball, as the sample was divided into two groups, the first (experimental) using the individual competitive learning strategy using special exercises designed to learn the skills of pass and service from the below with volleyball, and the second (control) using the method used by the subject teacher.
The results of the research showed significant differences in the learning of the two skills and for the two groups, as there were significant differences in the pass test from below and in favor of the control group, but in the transmission test from the below, we did not show significant differences between the two groups (experimental and control). The researcher recommended the application of the individual competitive learning strategy by using special exercises to teach students the skills of pass and service from the below in volleyball, and also suggested conducting studies in other types of strategies and modern teaching methods and on individual and group games.

1.Identify the effect of (kagan) kaiken structures according to the cooperative learning method on cognitive achievement of third-stage students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences.
2.Identify the effect of (kagan) kaiken structures according to the cooperative learning method on the development of trend among third-stage students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences.
The research community was represented by the third year students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - Salahaddin University, numbered (125) students, who represent five sections. As for the research sample, it was selected randomly, they are section (B) and by (20) students, where the experimental group was represented, which was studied according to the (Kagan) model, and (C) class, by (20) students, the control group that studied according to the traditional method used by the teacher. There were parity between the two groups with some variables, namely: (chronological age in months - intelligence (Raven's test), and the results showed that there were no significant differences between the two groups in the variables of parity.

The research problem manifested in the fact that kicking and boxing is an open skill sport, as there is a lot of sudden movements and with no knowledge of the course of the fight and a change in the speed of punches and the speed of reaction to defensive movements and this is characterized by high excitement. Through the experience of the researcher at the local and international level, he found the most important problems in kickboxing, which is a decline in the player's career, physical and skill level, especially in the last minute of the one round, and he begins to decline his physical and functional fitness until the end of the fight.
The research aimed to prepare anaerobic exercises for young boxers as well as to identify the effect of those anaerobic exercises on the pulse variables.
The researcher adopted the experimental approach by designing the two equivalent groups (an experimental group and a control group with pre and post test) to reach reliable results.
The researcher identified the research community in a random way, which was represented by the athletes of the Hilla Club in Babel and the Youth Forum of Abi Garaq in the governorate of Babel in the boxing sport for the 2018 season. The research was based on (10) boxers, and they were divided into two groups, the first is an experimental one, with (5) boxers, and the second is a control group with (5) boxers. The implementation of the training curriculum took (8) weeks, at a rate of (3) training units per week, thus the number of training units reached (24) training units. The proposed exercises began on 2/20/2018 until 4/20/2018, and the post-test took place on (4/22/2018) under the same conditions as the pre-tests. The researcher used Statistical package SPSS.

The research problem centered on the fact that most trainers intend to give traditional exercises to develop strength characterized by speed using training tools different from the specialized tool (iron bar, medical balls ...) that differ in weight and size and despite the existence of these tools, there are tools that help in developing strength characterized by speed in a faster and better way, which is the use of rubber ropes in the exercises used in competition. So, the researcher decided to prepare special exercises using rubber ropes and to identify their effect on developing strength characterized by speed and accuracy of some basic skills for squash players. The research aims to prepare special exercises using rubber ropes to develop distinctive strength with speed and accuracy of some basic skills among squash players, and knowing the effect of exercises for the use of rubber ropes on developing strength characterized by speed and accuracy of some basic skills of squash players. The researcher used the experimental method by designing (the two equal groups with pre and post test) in order to suit it to the nature and problem of the research and to achieve its objectives. The research sample represented the entire research community, who are the players of the Iraqi National Squash Young Team Youth for the year 2018 of (10) players and according to the classification of the Iraqi Central Squash Federation, which means use t that he researcher applied a comprehensive enumeration method for all members of society, and the researcher applied a set of tests that measure research variables (strength, speed and some squash skills). The most important conclusions are that the exercises used with rubber ropes have a positive effect on developing strength characterized by speed and accuracy of some squash skills among players. The most important recommendations are the necessity of using rubber ropes in the training units and the necessity to design exercises using different rubber ropes to develop defensive and offensive skills in squash.

This study dealt with several axes, including the research introduction and its significance ,which lies in the relationship of some physical abilities to the accuracy of scoring, as the research significance lies in identifying the relationship between these physical abilities under study and their relationship to the accuracy of scoring among advanced football players. The researchers see there is a positive relationship between these variables among advanced football players, as well as developing the scoring skill of football players.
Through observation , the researchers watch the matches of Kufa Sports Club in football in the premier tournament , they observed that there is weakness in the accuracy of scoring and the loss of many opportunities by the players of Kufa club team and the researchers think that is due to physical and motor abilities of players which reach the required standard .Scoring skill is so important that make the team win .The researchers aims to find out the causes that negatively affect scoring in order to address them. The research aims to:
1.Identify some of the physical abilities, agility and scoring accuracy of Kufa Football Club players.
2.Identify the nature of the relationship between physical abilities, agility, and accuracy of scoring among the players of Kufa Football Club.

The process of learning the skill at the present time is the basis on which we will build the level of sports activity , and that the correct programmed learning of the skill using different and modern methods and means of education, taking into account the educational level of students and learners. Hence ,the research significance manifested in selecting one of the educational methods to improve the performance level of female students of Faculties of Education Sports in learning some of the skills of tennis and badminton. The research aims to identify the development of the front and back shot skills of tennis and badminton. By using the intensive and distributed learning method, they were transformed into the two skills of badminton as well as identifying the best method that can be used to develop these skills. The research sample included (24) female students from the College of Physical Education - University of Babylon, who represent 75% of the research community, and the researcher used the experimental method to suit it. With the research problem, the researcher used the first White test to measure the accuracy of the performance of the front and back shot skills, and the front and back shot test in badminton . The post-tests were conducted after (8) educational units, at the rate of one unit per week, the duration of the educational unit is (90) minutes, as the educational unit included the warm-up, the educational and practical part, the final part, and the two experimental groups.

The kinematic variables are of great importance in the performance of the kinematic duty of most sports, especially the sport of fencing, whose skillful performance style depends on the speed of attack and accuracy towards the opponent in a surprising and sudden manner, which requires a single push of maximum effort in a short period of time, and today the use of special exercises similar to movement in the field of learning .Sports training is one of the important means for developing the weaknesses and strengths of fencing players, and through the researcher's rview of previous studies in the field of fencing (Epee), he found that there is weakneess at the moment of stabbing by not focusing on the correct technique of stabbing, i.e. not focusing on angles and biochemical variables. Also, the biomechanics related to this movement was a little delving into this game. Therefore, the researcher proposes to study this problem by researching the effect of (physical - skill) exercises on the development of performance and the accuracy of the challenge according to some biochemical variables. The research aims to identify some biochemical variables in the performance of stabbing with epee, prepare skill physical exercises according to the biomechanical variables under study, and identify the impact of exercises according to the biomechanical variables in developing the skill and accuracy of stabbing. The sample represents the players of the Sulaymaniyah team with fencing epee - the youth group, The (6) players from the one experimental group with the pre and post test.After the completion of the pre-tests, the training curriculum was implemented using the skillful physical exercises for the stab movement on the research sample by (12) developmental training units at a rate of (2) two units per week and the unit time was (90) minutes and the time for the proposed exercises reached (35-40) minutes for each unit in part of the main section. After implementing the curriculum, post-tests were conducted for the research sample, and appropriate statistical means were used to interpret the results of the variables.

The research aims to :
-Measure the level of psychological tendency towards the subject of observing the application of the fourth stage students of the College of Physical Education and SportsSciences - University of Duhok.
The researcher used the descriptive method of the survey method to suit the nature and problem of the research. The research community included students of the fourth academic year - College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - University of Dohuk for the academic year (2017-2018) and their number (80) students. As for the research sample, the number of its members reached ( 40) students, with (20) students for each group. The researcher used the Psychological Attitude Scale prepared by (Silwan Khaled Mulla Obaida) towards the Teaching Methods Subject (2006) and the scale consisted of (15) positive items and (18) negative items. After making sure of Validity and reliability of the scale the data obtained by the researcher were statistically processed using (the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, T-test). The researcher concluded that: . 1.The students' attitude was positive towards the subject of observation and application
2.The group whose answers dealt with superiority over the items of the questionnaire that deals with the practical side of the observation and application material over the group that dealt with the theoretical side of the observation and application material.

Swimming is one of the individual games that include many types of swimming, which require a high degree of accuracy and mastery to achieve the desired objective of its performance, as swimming is considered one of the water games with privacy as it generally offers to those who practice it many benefits on the functional, health, social and psychological aspects and do not stop at this limit, but go beyond it to develop the individual's ability in terms of physical and intellectual and this is what was confirmed by previous scientific research. Therefore whenever we find what helps the learner in the practical side of his performance by the accurate presentation (fast, slow) of simple and complex movements, which are difficult for the novice to learn easily and which provides the learner with a great opportunity to comprehend the successive learning stages of performance through a clear vision while presenting it through educational models, in addition to the factor of fun, suspense, excitement and dimensions of boredom and this aspect is very important in learning as well as moving and arousing the different senses at the beginner in terms of sight and hearing and drawing the motor movements in the brain before learning it through a preview of it, which develops and accelerates the technical learning process of swimming among beginners .Thus, the lack of accreditation of teachers of this subject in terms of using modern technical means and keeping pace with contemporary teaching methods in learning all types of swimmers, especially breaststroke , and it is difficult to perform in many aspects, whether it is through physical, kinetic or harmonic characteristics between the different parts of the body that are in its simple particles made up of skills linked with each other to form performance in its final form. The purpose of the study is to design a program using (Hyper Media) to learn the artistic performance of breaststroke for beginners from the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, and to identify the impact of this multimedia educational program on learning artistic performance and achievement for this type of swimming, identifying the differences between the two groups (experimental and control) in the variables studied, and the existence of statistically significant differences between the tests (pre and post) for the two groups of research in the level of technical performance of breaststroke and in favor of the post test, and identifying the preference of any two groups in it

The research aims to uncover the effect of the inclusion and command methods in teaching sixth grade female pupils some basic skills in football (rolling with the front foot, short pass, receiving the ball inside the foot).The researcher used the experimental method, and the research sample consisted of (40) pupils by (20) students in each school section, and by draw. The two sections were named to represent one of them the experimental group, which is section A, and section B represented the control group, and parity was achieved between the two groups in variables (age, weight, and height) as well as achieving parity between them in some physical attributes, namely (transitional speed, agility, the force characteristized by speed of the two feet, the explosive power of the two feet) since these traits affect the level of students ’education of basic skills (under study) according to the opinion of experts, and the inclusion method was used in teaching group of pupils .As for the experimental group, it was taught using the command method used for the physical education lesson, and the implementation of the method took (5) weeks with two educational plans per week for each group, and the time of one plan of education lasted for (40) minutes, and the method was implemented on Monday 3/9/2016 until Monday 13/4/2016.
After analyzing the data statistically, the researchers concluded that:
-The method of inclusion is better compared to the command method used for the Physical Education lesson (command ) in terms of its effect on teaching sixth grade female pupils of primary school all basic skills (under study)

The study aimed to identify the percentage of heterogeneity in the MCT1 gene of free wrestling players and the effect of competition effort according to the percentage of heterogeneity in the MCT1 gene on some chemical blood indicators of free wrestling players representing the eight weights for this category according to the game law, after which the research sample was selected, which amounted to (16) wrestlers representing the weights (60 kg, 66 kg, 74 kg), which formed a percentage (40%) of the research community, then the research sample was classified according to the ratio of heterogeneity in the MCT1 gene into two groups. The researcher concluded that the occurrence of the individuals of the research sample and according to the difference in the percentages of heterogeneity of the MCT1 gene were within the high and low levels, and that the lactic acid concentration after the competition effort was less high for the high level group of the mct1 gene compared to the low group, and this confirms that individuals with high mct1 heterogeneity have greater tolerance and resistance to fatigue

Apparatus gymnastics is a relatively recent type of competitive activity, and it gained popularity in the world in the early fifties, and apparatus gymnastics is a competitive sport for women and men that includes basic general body skills, such as rotation, balance and flexibility, and is performed in a group movement or individually. The researcher believes that the work of the technical committee is of great importance in the advancement of gymnastics, since the championships are the only criterion for judging the progress of the players and the actual evaluation of the work of coaches, administrators and referees in this field. Therefore, if the technical committee succeeds in organizing the tournaments with all its elements and stages, it will achieve its desired goals. This will only come through a conscious management that is aware of the importance of evaluation of the performance of its employees, as performance evaluation is one of the recognized functions in human resources management in modern organizations, and this function has stable principles and practical practices. That is why the research aims to evaluate the performance of the technical committee in managing and arbitrating gymnastics championships in the Iraqi Gymnastics Federation in the fields in accordance with the general regulations of the Iraqi Gymnastics federation of training .
The research sample represented the entire research community because it was few in number and consisted of members of the Iraqi Gymnastics Federation, the Technical Committee, gymnastics referees, administrators and coaches, their number (50), and the researcher concluded that:
The annual budget for the tournaments is insufficient to achieve the goals of equipment gymnastics.1
2.Lack of interest in studying training problems and not participating in adequate camps and tournaments
. The absence of an effective incentive system for players.3
4.Lack of interest in the technical committee’s contribution with the media’s role in disseminating the technical aspects of gymnastics.

One of the things that Arabs cared about in an advanced period of their history is the sporting aspect, as Khaled Al-Qudah mentions that "sport is one of the engines of life and the live heartbeat, as one has to take an adequate amount of sports so that his heart does not die." This is what Imam Al-Ghazali mentioned.
As for the game of badminton, which is one of the racquet games and one of the individual games that have appeared in many countries, it is played mainly for the purpose of entertainment and is practiced by many members of society at different levels and ages. It is also played in closed and outdoor halls according to the type of purpose of practice, and it is played individually or double , or even there is a mixture of men and women. Physical fitness elements are one of the basic foundations for practicing this game just like all sporting events and it may require a higher effort than many sporting events and a higher focus of them. So the researcher decided to prepare a set of exercises for focusing attention in order to develop some basic skills for this game to achieve a degree of good compatibility in performance between mental work and skillful performance, especially with regard to Iraqi players and on the junior category, since the exercises are in the coach's tool in making a change in the behavior of the players. The research aims to:
1.Prepare exercises to focus attention to develop the skills of smash and clear shot among badminton junior players.
2.Detect the effect of focusing attention exercises on developing the skills of smash and clear shot among badminton junior players.

Through the simple practical experience of the two researchers and following up on teaching table tennis, they observed the lack of concentration and perception of the educational material, especially when holding racquet and the ball and entering the suspense factor for the student during initial learning stages of the skill due to his desire to hold the tool (racquet and ball) and standing in front of the table, which causes poor concentration and the awareness of what is required of him to acquire the first step in the educational process and what it requires of organizational procedures in terms of testing the appropriate and interesting exercise and how to apply it according to the learning organization and rules that help in learning and developing the motor - sensory perception, which the researchers believe that the acrobatic exercises are the appropriate solution for having the thrill factor at the same time it leads to the development of motor- sensory perception and leads to achieving the goals of learning and reaching the goal and objectives of the lesson.
The research aims to:
1.Identify the effect of acrobatic exercises in developing the motor -sensory perception of students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - Salah Al-Dadi University / Erbil
2.Identify the significance of the differences in motor- sensory perception between the pre and post tests of the two experimental control groups.
3.Identify the significance of the differences in motor sense perception between the posttests of the two experimental control groups.

The research aims to reveal the effect of the self-learning method on cognitive achievement and the accuracy of performing the forehand and backhand shot skills in tennis The researcher hypothesized that there are no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental and control group in the post-test for cognitive achievement and the accuracy of performing of the forehand and backhand shots skills in tennis . The research community consisted of students of the third academic year at the College of Physical Education / University of Salah al-Din / Erbil for the academic year (2017-2018) and their number (175) students representing sections of study (ABCDF), and the research sample amounted to (40) students, of which (20) ) students from (A) class represent the experimental group that was studied in the self-learning method, while the control group sample consisted of (20) students studied in the usual method followed . The sample and the teaching method were distributed in a random way (Draw). The two groups of research were equivalent in variables (age - height, mass, forehand and backhand shot skills). Achieving the objectives of the research required preparing a cognitive achievement test for the forehand shot skills and determining the accuracy tests of these two skills (forehand and backhand shot in tennis). The researcher also prepared the teaching plans for the self-learning method in learning the forehand and backhand skills, as the educational program reached (6) weeks for the two research groups. After competition ,the post-test was conducted in measuring cognitive achievement and the accuracy of the front and back shot skills in tennis, after which the data were collected and statistically processed using the (SPSS)program .

The research aims to prepare special exercises on developing some physical abilities and counter punching the research sample individuals and identify the effect of these exercises on the research variables used, because physical preparation in its various stages is the most important component of sports preparation in all sports and games, including boxing and what it needs in implementing skills including some special physical abilities, and because the boxing game includes a wide range of offensive and defensive punches as well as counter punching, which helps the boxer from surprising the opponent with effective counter punches when the opponent is in an unstable position as a result of his attack on him, which varies in their needs to special types of physical abilities appropriate to these punches, and among these physical abilities (explosive strength, strength characterized by speed, endurance of speed and endurance of performance) that play a major role in resolving boxing fights. Physical abilities are of great importance in the training process in all sports, especially boxing, and that their development depends on the training curricula and the quality of prepared exercises as well as the different methods and means that seek to increase harmony between muscles, the type of skills and the game used, so their exercises during the performance of punches, especially counter punching exercise is sought by special exercises to develop it, and thus its effect will appear on the development of technical performance requirements in the boxing game, as the researchers used the experimental approach to suit the nature and problem of the research.

To verify the effect of rubber rope exercises on developing the strength endurance of the arms and legs of fencing female players, and to identify the relationship of strength endurance of arms and legs to their achievement. The researchers used the experimental method designed for one experimental group consisting of (9) female athletes from the team of the College of Physical Education for Girls in fencing. Conducting tests, carrying out exercises and treating them statistically. The two researchers concluded that there are significant differences between the results of the pre and post test for strength endurance tests for the arms and legs and in favor of the post test. There was a significant correlation between arm and leg strength endurance and achievement in the research sample. The researchers recommend the necessity of emphasizing the need for coaches to use rubber ropes in developing strength endurance among fencing female players as one of the modern training methods and Conducting research using rubber ropes to develop the rest of the physical abilities of players and for various age groups.

The correct scientific follow-up of sporting events by recognizing the most important movement variables, the minutes and parts of the movement and the precise details of each movement and each activity gives us a clear picture of the dimensions of the skill and the most important strengths and weaknesses of the performance stages and thus light shed on what must be used in terms of training and education methods to improve the reality of performance based on what has been reached from the analytical results.
It has become necessary for those in charge of the educational process to go into clarification of the scientific facts by relying on analytical programs that do not accept doubt to indicate the level of the current state of the player and this gives us an accurate diagnosis of the situation under study and thus ease in giving treatments represented by corrective and developmental exercises for the level of performance and this will serve the reality of sports with the final result.
The game of volleyball is one of those games that are included in group activities, which consist of several interrelated and overlapping movement skills, and each skill has stages for technical performance, and mastering the total stages will ultimately lead to mastering the required motor duty
Through the use of biomechanical analysis, we can get to know the most accurate details of movement and its parts, and that movement segmentation is not a goal but a method used for the purpose of reaching a total and comprehensive awareness of the movement phenomenon as a whole. The research aims to:
1.Identify the values of some biochemical variables of the three reception methods used for the research sample.
2.Identify the differences in the values of some biomechanical variables of the three used methods of service receiving .

One of the most important factors that affect the success of the educational process is the teacher’s ability to deliver the material to the mind of the learner up to the higher stages of performance, and this depends on what the teacher has in terms of experience, equipment and auxiliary tools to produce the lesson as well as the correct choice of the educational strategy that is compatible with the capabilities of Learners meet their desires and preferences to ensure their participation and give them an equal opportunity in performance in a way that serves the development of skill and advancement with the least possible effort and time. Therefore, the research significance is to identify the impact of educational units according to the problem-solving strategy on developing the skills side of female students for shooting with an air gun, where the problem of the research lies in focusing on engaging the student in a good identification of the skills that she learns in order to develop appropriate solutions to the situations gone through when performing the skill and the difficulty and the specificity of the air gun firing event, which needs focus, accuracy and intuition speed, because it is one of the activities that are related to mental processes, because stability in it is a fraction of a second as it requires during this period to take the appropriate decision to shoot, so it is necessary to use a strategy commensurate with the nature of the event and its specificity and with the abilities of students and their level, which can develop in them the motives for thinking, assuming and concluding to discover facts about things and solve problems by clarifying solutions as a result of momentary action when paying towards the goal to reach effective learning and development. The research aimed to identify the impact of educational units according to the problem-solving strategy in developing the skills side for effectiveness. The air gun firing. To verify the research objective , the researcher hypothesized the null hypothesis that confirmed to the absence of statistically significant differences between the pre and post tests of the experimental and control groups in basic skills with air gun for the research sample.