Tikrit Journal of Pure Science

A number of mono and dithio aromatic phthalimides (3
and 4) were synthesized by condensation of phthalimides
(2) with diphosphorous pentasulphide (P2S5) in dry
dioxane. Reaction of (3 and 4) with ethyl amine afforded
imines (5 and 6) in good yield. The structure of all
compounds were identified by physical, chemical and
spectroscopic data.

The planktonic foraminifera within Aliji and Jaddala
formations are studied in Kirkuk will No. 112, North
Iraq, between dirlled depth (1020–1210)m. Seven
biostratigraphic zone are recognized:
1. Morozovella velascoensis Zone (P 5 & P. 6).
2. Morozovella s. subbotinae Zone (P. 7).
3. Morozovella aragonensis– Morozovella f. formosa
Zone (P. 8).
4. Acarinina bullbrooki Zone (P. 10).
5. Globigerapsis s. subconglobata Zone (P. 11).
6. Subbotina frontosa boweri – Morozovella lehneri
Zone (P. 12).
7. Truncorotaloides r. rohri Zone (P. 14).
The results of this study are compared with that done
inside and outside Iraq. The age of Aaliji is recognized,
extending from Upper Late Paleocene to Early Eocene
and that of Jaddala is Early Eocene to Late Middle
Eocene.

This paper studies the daily time series for the wind speed
(1/8/2005-30/4/2006) as a Markov–chain. We find the
transition matrix according to (very high, mid, low) winds
velocity. Then we found that the chain is Ergodic. The
stationary distributions as well as the probability
distribution of the some related variable are derived

The reaction of benzil bis(semicarbazone) - BBSCH and
other semicarbazone ligands (benzoin semicarbazone -
BSH or 2-chlorobenzaldehyde semi- carbazone - CSH or
2-fluorobenzaldehyde semicarba- zone - FSH or
furfuraldehyde semicarbazone – FrSH) with
ZnSO4.7H2O or ZnCO3 in 1:1:1 molar ratio affords
mononuclear complexes of the general formula
[Zn(BBSCH)(LH)X] and [Zn(BBSC)(L)] in neutral and
basic medium, respectively (where LH= BSH, CSH, FSH
or FrSH ; L= deprotonated LH ligands ; BBSC=
deprotonated BBSCH ligand ; X=SO4
2-
or CO3
2-
). The
coordination of the ligands in the mononuclear
complexes seems to occur via the N-azomethine and Ocarbonyl groups. The resulted complexes have been
characterized physico-chemi- cally, distorted octahedral
structures have been suggested accordingly

This study was performed on 406 inpatient complain
from diarrhoea. They were introduced to emergenc and
paediatric wards in Tikrit Teaching Hospital in Tikrit city
from May 2000 to February 2001.
The aim of this study is to identify the important of
bacterial causative agents of diarrhoeal illness in children
aged (1 -60) months. Atotal of five handred and seven
causative agents of diarrhoea were isolated and identified
. 175 of them were bacterial isolates, from which 35
isolates ( 20% ) from Enterophathogenic Escherichia
Coli pool І and 31 isolates (17.7% ) from EPEC pool П .
Ten Salmonella typhi ( 5.7% ), 16 S. arizona ( 9.1% ) ,
and 27 S. typhimurium ( 15.4% ) were isolated . In
addition to 18 isolates ( 10.2 % ) of Shigella boydii and
10 isolates ( 5.7% ) of Sh. dysenteriae and one isolate of
Sh. sonni ( 0.5% ) . Ten isolates ( 5.7% ) of Aeromonas
hydrophila and 8 isolates ( 4.5% ) of Pseudomonas
aeruginosa and 7 isolates ( 4% ) of Proteus mirabilis
were also diagnosed . However , only one isolate of the
followings was recovered : Campylobacter jejuni and
Yersinia enterocolitica . No Vibrio cholera was isolated
or diagnosed during the period of study inspite of the
repeated suspected cases investigation.Another causative
agents of diarrhoea were parasite ( 25.8%), fungi
(20.3%) and virus (19.3%

Many factors that affecting on the efficiency and cell
capacity of (Ni-Cd) batteries during the processes of
manufacturing were studied such as temperature, density
of electrolytic solution the number of saturation
processes the time required to reach saturation to the
storage time of charged and uncharged cells. It was
found that the maximum capacity may be reached at
room temperature (25) C°. Also we found that the
increasing of density for electrolytic solution more than
(1.3) g/ml will increased the efficiency of the cell, only
five saturation process is needed. The amount of nickel
absorbed and its thickness is tested by which the anode
spend immersed in the treatment tanks, The ideal time
for the amount of nickel to be needed on anode is (50)
minutes. The weight of anode must be not less than
(35.2) gm even if the weight reaches after treatment to
(72) gm

This study include (20) serum samples from Tikrit
university hospital , samples Were divided in two groups
(10 samplesFor Pregnants women with renal Failure),
(10 samples for Pregnants women without Renal Failure)
in this study ALP activity And Phosphorous
concentration were Measured for Both groups. The
results revealed alarge differences in ALP activity And
Phosphorous concentration between Both groups. The
study indicates asignificant Elevation in Phosphorous
concentration in Serum of pregnants women without
renal failure was of (32%) higher than pregnants Women
with renal failure group of (10%). This alteration in
Phosphorous concentration affect on ALP activity in both
groups

This paper studies a time series for the number of
infection of Tuberculosis of the lungs as a Markov –
chain. We have made hypotheses concerning the number
of infections in order to set the problem according to
Markov-chain. Then I’ll try to find the characteristic of
this chain that proved to be ergodic. The stationary
distribution as well as the probability distribution of the
some related variables are derived

This research work is devoted for the calculation of C-13
chemical shift of saturated and aromatic cycloorganic
compounds by employing additively rules method.
Deviation between the calculated empirical Chemical
shifts is used as an indication for the special effect. The
results showed that the calculated chemical shift is
consistent with the empirical values. Deviations are
noticed in the position that experience Large steric
interactions .The study proved that the value of the
deviation resulted from the steric effect is additive
Quantum mechanical methods have been used to
calculate the electronic Density , bond length and heat of
formations of the studied aromatic compounds . No
correlation is found between the chemical shifts of
toluenes and electronic densities. Deviation in the bond
length and values of heat of formations are in the
accordance with the chemical shifts value

The result of the this study showed that the insect growth
inhibitors (Dimilin , Match , Trigard) and host kind
(artificial diet, date and Fig) affect the amount of food
consumption and growth rate of Fig moth Ephestia
cautella (Walk.) and currant moth Ephestia calidella
(Gunee) significantly. The Match was the best insect
growth inhibitors in reducing the average amount of food
consumption at 0.3% concentration and reached 1.12, 1.2
and 1.53 gm for artificial diet , date and Fig respectively.
The lowest value of growth rate reached -0.33 for Fig
moth at 0.1% Match concentration, while for the currant
moth the average amount of food consumption was
reached 1.87, 2.25 and 2.42 gm at 0.3% Match
concentration for date, artificial diet and Fig respectively,
while the growth rate reached -0.23, -0.19 and -0.11 on
artificial diet, Fig and date respectively when treated with
0.001 Match concentration

The study was carried out in Al-Rasheedia stationDepartment of Agricultural Research-Ninava during the
winter season 2001-2002.
An experiment was done in the field with silty loam soil
in order to investigate the effect of different ethephon
rates (0, 240, 480, 720, 960) gr./ha a.i on two kinds of
Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) plants which germinated
from large and small fruits under rainfed irrigation.
The results showed a significant decrease in value of
Relative Growth Rate (R.G.R), Plant Growth Rate
(P.G.R), BioMass Duration (B.M.D) by increasing the
rate of ethephon <480 gr./ha, but on the other side, the
values of R.G.R, C.G.R and BMD were increased at the
minimum rates of ethephon 240 gr.
All plants grown from large fruit indicated higher values
in (R.G.R, P.G.R and B.M.D) at plants which grown
from small fruits

The study was carried out in Al-Rasheedia stationDepartment of Agricultural Research-Ninava during the
winter season 2001-2002.
An experiment was done in the field with silty loam soil
in order to investigate the effect of different ethephon
rates (0, 240, 480, 720, 960) gr./ha a.i on two kinds of
Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) plants which germinated
from large and small fruits under rainfed irrigation.
The results showed a significant decrease in value of
Relative Growth Rate (R.G.R), Plant Growth Rate
(P.G.R), BioMass Duration (B.M.D) by increasing the
rate of ethephon <480 gr./ha, but on the other side, the
values of R.G.R, C.G.R and BMD were increased at the
minimum rates of ethephon 240 gr.
All plants grown from large fruit indicated higher values
in (R.G.R, P.G.R and B.M.D) at plants which grown
from small fruits

The Study was designed to investigate the effect of water
and alchol extract of Cymbopgon citratus on the level of
glucose and some biochemical parameters (Cholestrol,
Triglycerides, Total protein , Urea and Creatinin) and
body weight in normal and Alloxan –induced diabetic
male rats. The effect of extracts histotoxicity in some
tissues of male rats (Pancrease, Liver, Kidney, Brain and
Small intestine) were also studied, and all results were
compared with Glibenclamide as control chemical drugs.
The results of study revealed that alcohol extract
produced significant decrease (P<0.05) in glucose level
and all the biochemical parameters studied in diabetic
male rats and this effect was similar in normal male rats
except at the level of total protein and urea which
showed non- significant changes. Water extract caused a
significant decrease (P<0.05) in glucose level and all
the biochemical parameters except total protein level in
diabetic animals , wherease in normal animal this
significant decrease didn’
t appear only in glucose level ,
body weight, cholesterol, trglyceride. The result
demonstrated that there are significant (P<0.05)
difference between the effect of both water and alchol
extracts in the levels of glucose, trglyceide, total protein,
and creatinine in diabetic rat only. Also the results
referred that the effect of water and alcohol extracts is as
effective as control chemical drug (Glibenclamide).
The histological results showed no tissue changes where
clear and recognizable in the normal males rat which are
treated or not treated while in the abnormal tested
animals the kidney show only simple tissue changes
which was caused by the increasing of blood glucose.
The untreated abnormal animals provided less tissue
changes.
The results obtained from this study suggest that these
extracts may be used for the treatment of diabetes
mellitus particularly the alcohol extracts after be sure that
there are no side effects for it

We studied the effect of the X-ray tube high voltage on
short wavelength limit
 min
of continuum spectrum of
x-ray tube . And confirm the Duane - Hunt relation and
verify the inverse proportionality between the limit
wavelength and tube high voltage and by gathering
spectrum of x-ray at the voltage range of
(15,20,25,30,35) kV, for the crystals NaCl, LiF then
determine
 min
for all voltages, later determine Plank
Constant experimentally

Three hundred samples were collected from stool, blood
and urine from suspected patients with typhoid fever and
food-poisoning. They collected from mains hospitals of
Mosul City.
Diagnostic were performed using microscopic
examination, biochemical and serological tests, the
results were supported by using API 20E system test, and
then was determined by Salmonella institution in
Baghdad.
Five bacterial isolates of Salmonella typhimurium were
selected depending on source of isolation and irradiated
with the doses of (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5) KGY,
to determine the lethal dose for all S. typhimurium
isolates.
The percentage of antibiotic resistances of
chloramphenicol, Nalidixic acid, Ampicillin,
Trimethoprim, Streptomycin was differing with doses.
After irradiation with the doses (1, 2, 3, 4) KGY the
bacterial colonies that revealed losing their antibiotics
resistance were tested for their demand to growth factors
(Nitrogenous bases and vitamins).
Bacterial colonies showed the needs to the nitrogenous
bases (Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Adenine) and
vitamins (Thiamin, Nicotinic acid).
It have been diagnosis isolated from S. typhimurium
which were lose their resistant for the antibiotics and
other acquired the resistant property for these antibiotics,
also when nitrogenous bases and vitamins were isolate
from minimal medium, colonies lost for their antibiotics
resistant property were appear after the irradiation, this
may be result to generating mutation spontaneous in
some genotypes which is marcing the biological paths
enzymes of growth factors as a result to Gamma rays
effect

This study was indicated the biological activity of
Thymus vulgaris extract involving its oil active
ingredient against six bacterial species: Staphylococcus
aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Bacillus subtilis,
Shigella flexneri, Proteus inirabilis, Pseudomonas
aeruginosa. The ethanolic extract was showed more
bacterial inhibition against the bacterial species except
Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
The acetonic extract was showed similar alcoholic
extract effects. The Thymus vulgaris oil extract showed
comparable inhibition effect against the all bacterial
studied. It showed maximum inhibition effect at 0.1
cm3
/cm3
of about 31 mm against S. pyogenes. The active
material (Thymol) showed maximum inhibition activities
toward S. Pyogenes, S. aureus compared to the control
and medium activity to the antibiotic Ciprofloxacin. The
radius of the inhibition zone against S. pyogenes of 200
mg/ml is about 34 mm. While against P. aeruginosa of
the same concentration is about 19 mm.
The sensitivity measurements of the antibiotic in the
presence of the active material in which the bacterial
resistance was measured before using the Thymol oil
extract. Four antibiotics were used namly Ampicillin,
Chloramphenicol, Cephalosporin and Trimethoprim. It
was found that S. aureus became more sensitive toward
Ampicillin, Trimethoprim and Cephalosporin in the
presence of the active material (Thymol) while P.
aeruginosa was still in resistance to Chloramphenicol,
Cephalosporin and Ampicillin in the present of (Thymol),
while it became more sensitive to the antibiotic
Trimethoprim in the presence of the active compound

This research was conducted to isolate and diagnose the
causatives of increasing urinary tract infections among
children’s who are visiting many hospitals at Mosul city
,and to show the importance of Enterococci among those
causatives and its sensitivity to some antibiotics .The
results showed that the majority of patients were femals
(57.2%)compared with mals,and Enterococci was
represent unexpected and high rate of the infections
(18.5%),and other bacteria appeared different percentage
Escherichia coli (32.3%), Klebsiella pneumoniae
(12.3%),Staphylococcus aureus (9.2%),Proteus
merabilis (7.7%),P.vulgaris (7.7%),S.epidermidis
(4.6%),Streptococcus pyogenes (4.6%)and
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3.1%).When Enterococci
sensitivity was tested toward number of common
antibiotics ,the results showed that it was resistant for all
except Ciprofloxacin to which it was sensitive evidently
and may make it the best antibiotic to control this
bacteria in UTI infections

This study involved the isolation and identification of
Staphylococcus sciuri suspected to be infected with
Bacteremia, endocarditis and kidney failures cases in
hospitals of Mosul city. The study started from Feb.
(2004) till Feb. (2005). A total of 202 blood samples
were collected from both sexes. The bacteria were
diagnoised using biochemical and physiological tests.
The results recovered 16 isolates of Staph. sciuri . As
concern antibiotics sensitivity test a variable rate between
strain were observed, also the results showed that the
strains posses predominant resistance differences
between (6-24) antibiotics for Staph. sciuri .As regard
the mechanism responsible for antibiotic resistance
showed that 50% of Staph. sciuri was produced Extend
Spectrum Beta lactamase (ESBLs) after using
electrophoresis technique using Polyacrylamide gel with
sodium dodocyl sulfate (SDS – PAGE) for BLs extracted
from the 5 strains produced it and it revealed (1-3) bands
with m.wt. between (20-26) KDa.
For investigating the genetic factors responsible for
antibiotics resistance for Staph. sciuri transformation
experiments were carried out with standard strains
Escherichia coli JM83 using DNA plasmid purified from
5 strains of Staph. scriui for the location of the antibiotic
resistant gene.As regard responsible for It was found that
this genes are located on plasmid DNA molecules and
these results were supported by electrophoresis of DNA
purified from plasmid transformed colonies of laboratory
strains of E. coli JM83, a single band of plasmid DNA on
agarose gel appeared to have between (1-4) bands
according to the types of the strains. On the other hand,
one strain couldn't give any band which may indicate the
occurrence of gene code for antibiotic resistance may be
carried by the chromosome too. To support the genetic
result the chemical materials and physical factors were
used to eliminate the antibiotic resistance of bacteria
isolates a chemical was used SDS which appear to have
high effectiveness in curing the plasmid DNA, for the
most antibiotics have a cure rate between (30-100)%
followed by the dye acridine orange between (20-80)%
then ethidium bromide between (24-60)% finally
temperature was raised to 44C, the cure rate between
(30-70)%

The study area includes Kirkuk , Bai Hassan , Gwair and
Qarachaug structures , situated in the Northeast of Iraq at
Low Folded region and in the Main Folded Zone at
Kirkuk Subzone . The area lies between Longitudes 43
25 to 44 30 East and Latitudes 35 20 to 36 10 North .
The form of topography , the relief of the land , is
mainly determined by the subsurface geological
structures .
The shapes of these structures are due to tectonic forces
during various geological periods . These forces were
of tension nature during Mesozoic Era up to Late
Cretaceous , whereas the compression forces had great
effect during Tertiary which reached the maximum at
Pliocene during the Alpine Orogeny .
The main purpose is to obtain an accurate picture of
these structures and surrounding using surface &
subsurface data obtained from geophysical studies in
addition to geological and borehole data . The potential
field data consist of Bouguer anomaly map and total field
aeromagnetic map . The available seismic and borehole
data have rendered reasonable to good extent and free of
ambiguity interpretations of gravity and magnetic
observations .
Thus , with the available controls , a detailed discussion
of the hydrocarbon extension of these structures is given
and also a detailed correlation of these structures in order
to find expected subsurface structures or faults at the
saddles area between the structures and their extensions .
A three- dimensional seismic survey is recommended for
saddles areas between the structures or between the
domes within the same structures in order to ensure the
structural enclosure of the structural noses which
detected earlier and to explain the extensions of Ismaeel
Structure which was previously porposed .

This study includes a brief discussion on the important
means and techniques which are used in
archaeological field, such as remote sensing,
geochemical analyses, recently used techniques in
fields of palaeoecological, biological and
anthropological studies, using of computers and
modern soft ware in this field . Finally the study
focused on the geophysical methods which were
proved to be successful tools in exploration of hidden
archaeological structures inside and outside Iraq .
In the current study(MAGCAD) program was used for
re-interpretation of some magnetic measurements and
anomalies which were previously achieved by the same
researcher via several parallel traverses and not
interpreted at that time, because of unavailability of the
program mentioned above.
This program solves the problem of overlapping
anomalies caused by close walls or bodies. The effect
of each anomaly on another could be computed, so the
resultant anomaly profiles are shown and changed
instantly to match the measured profiles, that facilitated
making accurate calculations that led to obtain precise
quantitative interpretations in which archaeological
hidden walls were detected at 1.8 m. depth from the
ground surface.
The magnetic results had been enhanced with the
result of electric resistivity survey along four traverses
and many vertical electric sounding (VES) points in this
area and it's surrounding. The results were some how
similar in the two methods, so they were connected
together during the interpretations, then an
archaeological and historical information were added
from previous studies and excavations in the area and
the surroundings. The diagram of suggested
archaeological structures in the area had been
obtained

The present study carried out to investigate the
mophological malformations as well as histopathological
lesions in some divisions of central nervous system
created by ethyl alcohol during embryogenesis of albino
mice Mus musculus at the level of light microscope. The
pregnant female ingested alcoholic solution orally as
ascending concentrations (15%,20%,25%,30%).
The results revealed no pregnant period prolongation in
contrast to control group i.e 18 days. At 15% concent. no
morphological or histological lesions were observed.
While at 20% concent. there were 22% injured embryos.
The morphological malformations represented as skull
depression and micromelia, while the histological lesions
were rarefaction, Hyperplasia, bleeding in the two lobel
of telencephalon. The ratio of defect embryos at 25%
concent. was 24%. The mophological defects were
dermalaxia, crispation, exophthalmia.Histopathologicaly
the injuries were vaculation, necrosis, oedema of
neuroepithelium of telencephalon, crenation and
shrinkage of eye lens as well as spinal cord injuries also
noticed 31% malformed embryos were observed at 30%
alcoholic concent, morphologicaly the lesions were
abdominal dermalaxia and constriction, limbs defects.
The histopathological injuries appeared as
neuroepithelial destruction of prosencephalon, wide
defects in spinal cord as well as spinal control structure

Results of an experimental and theoretical programs were
presented to determine the impact of soil moisture
content and the soil composition on microwave
radiometric emission and microwave signal skin depth
(which is one of the most importance parameter in
remote sensing data set), as well as attenuation
coefficient within nonvegetable soil surfaces. The
measurements are depending on the relative dielectric
constant that practically carried out by this research. The
measurements have been conducted for three common
types of soil in Mosul area (ornamental, cropland, and
orchard) at a microwave frequency of 6GHz (C-band).
The expected brightness temperatures of these soil
samples and the skin depth have been computed. The
results show that the observed microwave skin depth is
relatively high for ornamental type more than that o

Evaluation of adsorption parameters of Iraqi bentonite
for lead ions (Pb2+) was investigated in a temperature
range (10 – 50 oC) and pH values range (2-10). The
method was based on the calculation of Langmuir
adsorption maximum (b), and the bonding energy term
(KL). The parameters were the outcome of well –
established linear relationships of Ce
/Q versus Ce (Ce
,
equilibrium concentration and Q, amount of lead
adsorbed). The Q values increased with temperature and
pH increasing. Kinetics study was conducted by using
Lagergreen equation and a first order equation was
obtained at time ranging from 5 mints to equilibrium
time, and the rate constant of adsorption was calculated.
The study included the adsorption of lead ions attached
to EDTA as a complex (Pb – EDTA) on bentonite.

A number of copper phthalocyanine 3-acid amides were
synthesized by treating aminoacid chlorides with copper
3,3`,3``,3```-tetra aminophthalocyanine. The synthesized
compounds were confirmed by physical and
spectroscopic analysis.

This research involve the preparation of mono and
trinuclear compounds and complexes of general formula,
[Sb(SBun
)3], [Sb(SFur)3], [Sn(SBun
)4], [Sn(SFur)4]
[Sb(SBun
)3(MCl2)2], [Sb(SFur)3(MCl2)2],
[Sn(SBun
)4(MCl2)2] and [Sn(SFur)4(MCl2)2] where
SBun
=n-butanethiol SFur=2-mercaptofurfuryl, M=Co(II),
Ni(II) and Cu(II). The compounds and complexes were
characterized by conductivity measurements, magnetic
measuerments, IR and UV/vis spectral measurements and
atomic absorption studies for Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II)

Abstract:
4,6-Dimethyl2-pyrimidinethiol (DMPT) and 4,6-
Dimethyl2-pyrimidineamine(DMPA) react with Alcl3 to
form poly(4,6-dimethylpyrimidinesulfide) (PDMPS), and
poly(4,6-dimethylpyrimidineamine) (PDMPA).These are
products of electrophilic substitution reaction of the
Friedel-Crafts type.

Two novel classes of heterocyclic compounds containing
nitrogen atom at a bridgehead position have been
synthesized by a convenient two-step procedure. In
addition to biological studies, the structure of the new
products were confirmed using elemental analysis, u.v-,
i.r-,
1H- and 13C-n.m.r spectroscopy.

In the present study, two methods (ordinary and acid
chloride methods) were used to prepare new hydrazides
and thiosemicarbazides derivatives from the mono and
dicarboxylic acid:
1- Oxalic acid, 2-Malonic acid, 3-Succinic acid, 4-Adipic
acid, 5-Pimelic acid, 6-Sebacic acid, 7-Palmitic acid, 8-
Cinnamic acid, 9- 2,5-dihydroxy Benzoic acid and 10-
Quinaldic acid.
These thiosemicarbazide derivatives were converted to 2-
Amino- 1,3,4-thiadiazole by ring closer.
The direct reaction of carboxylic acid and
thiosemicarbazide in concentrated H2SO4 was used for
the first time in this conversion as well.
The prepared derivatives were identified by using
melting point and infrared spectra studies.
The antibacteria strains has been investigated; an activity
has been shown against Gram(+ve) bacteria
(Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram (-ve) bacteria
(Escherichia coli)

Conductance measurements of [Ni(phen)3]Cl2 in water,
methanol and ethanol at (280.16-318.16K) are reported.
Limiting equivalent conductance (), association
constant (KA) and distance of closest approach of ions
(R) are calculated. The experimental data were analyzed
by means of Lee-Wheaton conductivity equation that
gives detailed information on ion-ion and ion-solvent
interaction and also to obtain thermodynamic
information of ion association and examining the nature
of the interaction.

A simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method for
the determination of nitrite was described. Nitrite reacts
with an acidified sulfanilamide to form a diazonium ion,
which is subsequently coupled with orcinol in alkaline
medium to form an intensely yellow-colored, stable and
water soluble azo dye having maximum absorption at
427nm.The linear absorbance plot with concentration
indicates that Beer'
s law obeyed over the range of 0.005-
1.80μg/ml of nitrite, with a detection limit of 0.003μg/ml.
The molar absorptivity and Sandell index were 4.36X104
l/mol.cm and 0.00105 μg/cm2
, respectively. The optimum
conditions affecting the colour intensity and interferences
of the foreign ions were studied. The results of the
proposed method for determination of nitrite in curing
meat samples agreed with those obtained by the NED
standard method

A new spectrophotometric method for the assay of micro
amount of cephadroxil in aqueous solution has been
worked out. The method is based on the coupling of
cephadroxil with diazotized p–nitroaniline in basic
medium. The azo dye formed is water–soluble, stable,
and shows maximum absorption at 479 nm, Beer’s law is
obeyed over the range 10-200 ppm with a molar
absorptivity of 2.216104
l.mol-1
.cm-1
, relative error of –
0.761 to +0.256% and a relative standard deviation of
0.250 to % depending on the concentration. The
method has been applied to determine cephadroxil in
pharmaceutical preparations.

The synthesis of some new complexes was performed by
the reaction of uranyl salts with three ligands of Schiff
base. The ligands were obtained by the condensation of
benzoin with benzoyl hydrazide (DBEH2), salicyloyl
hydrazide (DSEH2) and p-nitrobenzoylhydrazide
(DPEH2). The complexes of the general formula
[UO2(LH2)2]X2 and [(UO2)2L2] (where LH2 and L=are
neutral and dibasic form of the three ligands, X=NO3 or
CH3COO ions) for those formed by the reaction of uranyl
salts and the ligands in neutral and basic medium,
respectively. All the complexes were characterized by
using elemental microanalysis, molar conductances,
infrared, electronic and 1HNMR spectra. These studies
revealed octacoordinate of uranium atom for complexes
formed in neutral medium and dinuclear hexacoordinate
complexes formed in basic medium.

Silicon (IV) complexes with mixed ligands: 2-
fluorobenzaldehydesemi- carbazone and Schiff-bases
(derived from 2- or 3-aminopyridine with 2-hydroxy or
3-methoxy or 2–hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde) have
been prepared. Complexes of the type
[Si(FSCH)2(LH)]Cl4 and [Si(FSC)2(LnH)]Cl2 or
[Si(FSC)2(L)]Cl (where FSCH = 2-
fluorobenzaldehydesemicarbazone , FSC = deprotonated
semi- carbazone ligand , LH = Schiff-base ligands) have
been proposed in neutral and basic medium , respectively
. The resulted complexes have been characterized by
physical and chemical methods

Copper (II) complexes with mixed ligands : benzIl
bis(semicarbazone)- BSCH2 and substituted salicylic acid
(salicylic acid - A1H or 2-acetylsalicylic acid - A2H or
3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid - A3H or 5-aminosalicylic acid -
A4H or 5-sulphosalicylic acid - A5H ) have been prepared
and characterized by physical and chemical methods .
Complexes of the type [Cu(BSCH2)(AH)](NO3)2 and
[Cu(BSCH)(A)] (where AH = A1H or A2H or A3H or
A4H or A5H, A = deprotonated AH ligand and BSCH =
deprotonated BSCH2 ligand) have been proposed in
neutral and basic medium, respectively. Under conditions
where hydroxyl radicals scavenged by formate (in
presence of nitrogen gas), the results observed indicated
that a reduction process involving copper ion may
occurred. Moreover, the so formed CO2
.-
under these
conditions reduced Cu(II) to Cu(I) . The conductivity and
electronic spectral measurements were in a good
agreement with the above . The conclusion depending on
our results, concerning the existance of charge transfer
between metal and ligand in the complexes.

As a result of a petrographic study of (70) samples from
Sundar and Kora sections of Kolosh Formation ,north
Iraq,it is found that the sediment of this formation
represent a mixture of carbonate-clastic sediments and
the following microfacies have been identified;
foraminfera biomicrite, biomicrite, laminated biomicrite
and calcareous litharenite.
The environment of deposition are mostly Inner neritic in
upper succession and outer neritic at the base of the
formation at Sundar section and outer neritic at Kora
section

In this paper, constrained non-linear programming
problems are solved by using the Sequential
Unconstrained Minimization Technique ( SUMT). The
most popular formulas (DFP& BFGS ) are used with
SUMT in minimization of constrained problems.
Numerical comparison shows that the Number of
Constrained evaluations (NOC) must be used instead of
Number of Function evaluations (NOF) as a main
factor in the measurement of algorithm performance.

In this paper a hybrid relational database management
system has been built, according to the client/server
model of the relational SQL and by using Jet .mdb
database files with Visual Basic. This system can be
done by creating a Component Object Model (COM)
front-ends approximates the capabilities with the
performance of the client/server relational database
management system at a substantially lower cost for
both hardware and software.

The association phenomena of tetra-aqua 1,10
Phenanthroline manganese (II) Chloride in binary
mixtures of methanol and water have been studied at 288
- 308 K. The parameters λo, KA and R means limiting
molar conductances, ion association constants and the
mean distance between ions in solution have been
evaluated using Lee -Wheaton conductivity equation.
The association constant obtained at different
temperatures were used in determining the
Thermodynamic quantities of the association reaction of
M
+2 ions and Clions (where M is the coordination
complex)The results are discussed on the basis of the
solvent effect on the conductivity parameters of these
complexes.

The purpose of this research is to present results from
laboratory experiments designed to compare the toxicity
and residual effectiveness of the neonicotinoide Actera
(25%WG) to five coleopteran species pests of stored
products with those of the three pyrethroid insecticides
Copex (20%EC), Decis (2.5%EC) Vapcocidine (20%EC)
using 24hr vial bioassays. One – day old adults of
Callosobruchus maculatus Fab., Trogaderma granarium
Everts. and 4 weeks old adults of Sitophilus oryzae L.,
Tribolium costaneum Herbst and Tribolium confusum J
du val. were used throughout the tests.
The relative toxities (LC50 values) of the four insecticides
to the five insect species were determined by exposing
the adults to an insecticide deposit in glass vials
(2.7*7.5cm) immediately (zero - time) after treating the
vials. The results showed Actara to be the most toxic one
followed in desending order of toxicity by Decis,
Vapcocidin and Coopex. The susceptibilities of the five
species to the four insecticides were in the order of
C.maculatus > T.granarium >> S.oryzee >T.costaneum
and T.confusem.

In this paper an introduction to classical Lie point
symmetry method is presented, review for of the role of
this symmetries in solving partial differential equations .
and then showing some recent results for the application
of classical Lie point symmetry method to some
nonlinear partial differential equations and determined
the solvable Lie group generators of the point
symmetries

Complexes of the type [M(L1)Cl2],[M(L2)Cl2] and [M(L3)Cl2] (M= Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II); L1= Bis(2-
pyridyl-3- (1,5-dioxo-2',4'-diaza-3'-thiopentyl)), L2= Bis(2-pyridyl-5-(1',5'-dioxo- 2',4'-diaza-3'-thiopentyl)), L3=Bis(2-
pyridyl-6-(1,5'-dioxo-2',4'-diaza-3'-thiopentyl)) have been prepared and characterized by means of micro analysis
(N&M),molar conductance measurements, magnetic measurements IR,and electronic spectral studies,according to these
studies the prepared complexes may have octahedral configuration.
Introduction:
The last several years show, growing interest in the N-alkyl and N-aryl substituted thioacetamide(1-3). Also the
macrocyclic ligands (with –NH group(N4)) derived from thioacetamide and their complexes have an intensive area of
study and numerouts transition metal complexes. This partially was due to their wide range of different molecular
topologies and sets of doner atoms(4). In addition to their interesting ligational properties. They had competence
biological and industrial applications and the field of anti-in flammautory action and bacterial growth
inhibitors(5).Chandra and Kupta(6) reported the synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of macrocyclic
Mn(II),Co(II),Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes with macrocyclic tetradentate nitrogen doner (N4) ligand. The ligand and its
complexes were also evaluated against the growth of bacteria and phathogenic fungi in vitro.
As continuation of our interst in investigation the interaction between some of the first transition metal ions and several
donating ligand(7-8)
. We have prepared in the present work a new class of tetradentate (N4) ligand Fig 1

This study has been conducted to determine the physical
properties (water temperature, electrical conductivity and
Total Dissolve Salt (TDS)) chemical properties such as
(calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, sulfate,
phosphate and total alkalinity) content. In groundwater
Al- Gogjaly village which located about 10 Km east of
Mosul city in Ninevah Govern ate in Iraq.
The samples were taken randomly from 10 hand dugged
wells.
The results revealed that the water are unsuitable for
industrial and domestic uses since values of most studied
parameters were higher than the permitted limits of the
world health organization (WHO) . However, the water
is suitable for drinking to animals. Also it was found that
water quality is suitable only for irrigation of the fruits

This study involves the application of flow injectionchemiluminscence (C.L) technique for determination of
codeine phosphate (CP) and Trifluoperazine
hydrochloride (TFPH)drugs .(CP)was found to inhibit the
C.L of the system of Luminol as a reagent , cobalt ion as
a catalyst and hydrogen peroxide as an oxidizing agent
whereas (TFPH)exhibit an increase for C.L signal.
The calibration curve for (CP) as active material obeys
lambert-bear law in the range (25-250) ppm,with
detection limit 2.08ppm,R=0.9983, Recovery(
Rec)=102% , Relative error ( E%)=-2.281 .
The calibration curve for(TFPH) ) as active material is
linear in the range (1-16)ppm with detection limit
0.0832ppm ,R=0.9990 ,Rec=98.3% , E%=2.0.
This method was succefully applied to the determination
of (CP) in Plumocodine and (TFPH) in Salabid
pharmacetucal preparations with percent recovery of
10

The study showed that, all isolates of Alcaligenes were able
to produce - lactamase and Slime layer while they were
incapable to produce Lecithenase, Lipase, DNase and
Neurotoxin. They were also exhibited a sepecific affinity to
adhere to epithelial cells which were isolated from diabetic
urine. Moreover , Alcaligenes isolates showed absolute

To understand the mechanism of electrical conductivity
in polymers we have been studied the relation between
the electrical conductivity of pured and doped polymers
by phosphoric acid with some electronic properties like
ionization potential (IP) and the energy of electronic
levels (HOMO and LUMO).
We noticed that the conductivity of pured polymer was
increased with increasing HOMO and LUMO energies
while it was decreased with increasing of IP. In the same
way there are no relations between the conductivity of
doped polymers and the electronic energy state
meanwhile it was decreased with IP