kufa journal Physical Education Sciences

The study aims to investigate the impact of proposed exercises on enhancing specific physical abilities and the accuracy of performance for offensive skills in table tennis. The research focuses on the players of Khanaqin Sports Club to evaluate the effectiveness of these exercises in improving their performance. The results demonstrate a positive effect of the exercises on physical abilities and offensive skills.

This new material is followed by the presidents of Anbar Governorate clubs from the coaches’ point of view. Go on to highlight your most versatile French language and its impact on the development of sports. It presents the results of research on the weak forces in this list and recommendations for improving technical and technical performance among sports clubs.

The study explores the relationship between physical fitness elements and anthropometric measurements for junior weightlifters through exploratory factorial analysis. The research aims to identify the key factors contributing to the performance enhancement of these athletes and provide data-driven recommendations for athletic training development.

The study aims to develop a scale to assess the level of training procrastination among police soccer players. A scientific research methodology was employed to create a reliable and applicable tool that enhances training quality and athletic performance.

The balance beam is one of the artistic gymnastics devices that requires physical abilities, including flexibility, because of its important role in performing the basic skills of this device, especially the front balance skill. Constant flexibility has the main role in performing the front balance skill on the balance beam.

he importance of the research lies in the fact that sports clubs rely heavily on the coaches in charge of the training process to achieve their goals as the focus of the training, technical and administrative process of the football game. Sports clubs Practicing the game of football at different levels in order to show what they have and make the best use of it, which will reflect positively on achieving growth, development and advancement in the game of football.The research problem was in an attempt to answer the question: (What is the relationship of the strategic vision with the creative abilities and professional compatibility of football coaches in the Iraqi provinces?), The research objectives were:1. Preparing a scale of strategic vision, creative abilities, and professional compatibility among football coaches in the Iraqi governorates.2. Identifying the relationship between the strategic vision and creative abilities on the one hand, and the strategic vision and professional compatibility on the other hand, among football coaches in the Iraqi provinces. As for the research methodology and its field procedures, the selection of the research community and the preparation of the three scales and their presentation to a group of experts and specialists, as well as the treatment of the research results through the statistical methods used, and also the results were presented, analyzed and discussed in the areas of the three scales and the correlations between the research variables as well. As for the conclusion, it included the most important conclusions. Most of the coaches own the football game There are some developmental tools and training programs to improve their performance, which enhance their self-confidence and develop their creative abilities. The most important recommendations are to give coaches the opportunity to learn, acquire knowledge and enhance their confidence by building bridges of active communication between them by involving them in as much as possible in football meetings and courses.

The educational process administrators were keen on positive interaction between students and the teacher, as well as correcting or modifying their behavior during various educational situations. They also emphasized the renewal of models, methods and approaches used in education or teaching. While the researchers were following up on the students’ performance in the educational units for volleyball for the third stage at the University of Kufa - College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, as they were teachers of the subject for several years, they noticed the rarity of using the (Needham) model within an educational curriculum in the sports field, as this model helps students to integrate into the educational process with vitality and activity, because it is based on the ideas and principles of the constructivist theory, as an attempt to develop motor coordination and the accuracy of the blocking wall skill in volleyball.

The educational process administrators were keen on positive interaction between students and the teacher, as well as correcting or modifying their behavior during various educational situations. They also emphasized the renewal of models, methods and approaches used in education or teaching. While the researchers were following up on the students’ performance in the educational units for volleyball for the third stage at the University of Kufa - College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, as they were teachers of the subject for several years, they noticed the rarity of using the (Needham) model within an educational curriculum in the sports field, as this model helps students to integrate into the educational process with vitality and activity, because it is based on the ideas and principles of the constructivist theory, as an attempt to develop motor coordination and the accuracy of the blocking wall skill in volleyball.

This type of training is more suitable when compared to other training methods, which are used to develop the speed endurance trait, which leads to the development of the level of the 400m freestyle race. This development comes as a result of improving the level of the (speed endurance) trait for the event.

This type of training is more suitable when compared to other training methods, which are used to develop the speed endurance trait, which leads to the development of the level of the 400m freestyle race. This development comes as a result of improving the level of the (speed endurance) trait for the event.

The first chapter dealt with the introduction and the importance of the research in the use of ballistic training and showing the extent of its impact in developing some physical abilities and achieving the triple jump for the disabled (deaf and dumb) category. The research problem was identified in the poor selection of effective and appropriate training methods for the specialized performance of this activity. The human field contained a sample of (deaf and dumb) players in athletics and the time field for the period from (10/9/2022 to 12/1/2022) and the spatial field was the field and stadium in the Ministry of Youth and Sports. The second chapter included the tests used that were appropriate for the research topic using the experimental method and appropriate statistical methods. The third chapter included a presentation of the results of the tests under study, their analysis and discussion, and the fourth chapter included the conclusions, including (ballistic exercises contributed to developing the physical abilities of the research sample, improving the level of performance in the triple jump effectiveness of the sample members, ballistic exercises showed positive results in developing the muscular capacity of the upper and lower limbs and improving the working angles of the body) and the recommendations (emphasizing ballistic training within the training curriculum for the triple jump effectiveness, adopting the components of the training curriculum and generalizing it to the trainers in this activity for this category of disability, using modern training methods according to scientific methods that are compatible with the requirements of the activity to bring about development in physical abilities and the triple jump).

Using a new strategy in teaching the subject of practical teaching methods and its impact on developing creative thinking among students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, and their acquisition of scientific mathematical concepts. The research problem was formulated in the form of a question (What is the effectiveness of using a metacognitive strategy in developing creative thinking for the subject of practical teaching methods among students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences). The researcher identified the community and sample of his research, which are third-year students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences from the morning study, numbering (180) students in the college by consulting with student affairs to identify the number of male students for the academic year (2021-2022). (160) students were selected for the sample to build the scale, as well as choosing (40) students for the experimental and control group, with (20) students for each group of third-year students according to the departments and in a random manner. As for the research methodology, the researcher used the experimental method using the correlation method to suit the nature of the research problem, which is to find the relationship between two or more variables, and "the experimental method is an attempt to control all basic factors except for one variable that is Manipulating it in a certain way so that it is possible to establish this manipulation and measure it. The descriptive approach was also used in building a scale of creative thinking for students. As for the research conclusions, they included that the educational program prepared by the researcher using the metacognitive strategy had a positive effect in developing creative thinking for students in the subject of practical teaching methods compared to the method followed by the instructor. As for the recommendations, they were the necessity of using the metacognitive strategy in developing creative thinking for students in the subject of practical teaching methods. Statistical methods: The researcher used the (SPSS) bag.

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Abstract
The colleges of physical education in the country, including the College of Physical Education at the University of Babylon, rely on a special program for accepting students applying for this purpose. This program is not subject to the central admission program on the basis of which students applying to other colleges and specializations are accepted. The most important feature of the special admission program for the College of Physical Education is its reliance on physical and skill tests and various games as a clear basis for acceptance, as these tests, despite their differences and variations, are effective tools for evaluating the physical and skill performance level of students. Hence, the importance of the research emerges in order for these tests to be used or applied. These tests had to be based on sound scientific foundations, in addition to unification away from individual points of view. What we mean by unification is providing specific test batteries for each sporting event, as it would determine those in charge of the measurement and testing process with standardized controls, thus leading to achieving justice among the applicant students in terms of the opportunities available for acceptance. The aim of the research was to build a test battery for some football skills and its hypothesis was that there are significant differences between the battery tests for some football skills. For this reason, the researcher used the descriptive approach using the method of studying mutual (overlapping) relationships. As for the research community, they are the first-stage students of the College of Physical Education at the University of Babylon for the academic year 2021-2022 AD, numbering (88) students. As for the research sample, it included (60) students who were selected intentionally, representing a percentage of (68.18%) of the original community. The tests included - shooting - rolling - ball control. There were conclusions including that controlling the use of the ball is necessary for the player’s level to advance, as well as recommendations including using a battery to test some football skills in the periodic assessment to know the levels of first-stage students in the College of Physical Education, University of Babylon.

The importance of the research was evident in studying the effectiveness of communication skills by obtaining a standardized scale to measure this skill. Communication for the coach is little studied in Iraq, which contributes to clarifying this relationship and placing its results in the hands of researchers and coaches in order to benefit from these results and apply them to sports teams in the field. The problem of the research lies in the low level of performance of some players despite receiving the same signals, gestures, facial expressions and hand movements of the coach in order to change his performance and position, and at the same time lies in the obstacles that hinder communication. The study aimed to build a scale of communication skills for coaches and players of the Iraqi football league. The researcher used the descriptive approach with the survey method and correlational relationships because it is the most appropriate for the nature of the problem. The research sample was selected, amounting to (120) coaches and (660) excellent players representing the various governorates of Iraq. The construction sample was represented by coaches of first-class clubs, numbering (60) coaches, and the exploratory experiment was represented by (10) coaches and (10) players. The results showed good levels in the effectiveness of communication skills for football players.

Most coaches do not give attention to some motor qualities such as neuromuscular coordination and motor accuracy in proportion to their size when building the training curriculum in volleyball, which prompted researchers to shed light on this problem. The most important objectives of the study were to identify the relationship between neuromuscular coordination, attention focus, and high smashing accuracy in the research sample. The most important thing that the researchers assumed was a significant relationship between neuromuscular coordination, attention focus, and high smashing accuracy in the research sample. The research methodology was a descriptive approach using the correlational method. The research sample was taken randomly from third-year students at a rate of (39%). After taking the opinions of specialists about the appropriate tests to measure the research variables, the researchers went to extract the scientific foundations for the tests by conducting the exploratory experiment, which consisted of 10 students from the same research community. After that, the researchers went to conduct the main experiment, which was on 1/25/2021. After collecting the data, tabulating it, processing it statistically, discussing it and analyzing it, they reached a number of conclusions, the most important of which is that the correlation coefficient for eye and arm compatibility with crushing accuracy is greater than its counterpart in leg and eye compatibility with crushing accuracy. As for the most important recommendations recommended by the researchers, they emphasized neuromuscular coordination exercises using eye, hand and leg coordination exercises to obtain good technique.

The study dealt with the introduction of the research and its importance crystallized in the pursuit of developing the percentage of contribution of performance endurance in some offensive skills in indoor soccer for young players. The aim is to create players with high endurance, which makes the player able to play throughout the match without fatigue or boredom. Therefore, the endurance element is important for every athlete. As for the research problem: The research problem was revealed through the researcher's experience as a player and his knowledge of the game. He found that there has been a great development in the game of indoor soccer in recent years due to the change of some laws and rules, which made the game faster and more exciting. This rapid development depends on the presence of physical and mental elements and abilities that gave the skill performance the characteristic of continuity without decreasing the level. This development also gave the player the ability to plan and quickly visualize in difficult and different playing situations. Research objectives * To identify the degree of performance endurance among the players of the Babylon Youth Clubs in indoor soccer. * To identify the degree of offensive skills performance among young players in indoor soccer. * To identify the relationship between performance endurance and offensive skills performance among young players. * Identifying the percentage of contribution of performance endurance and offensive skills performance among young players. Research hypothesis The researcher assumes that: • There is a significant correlation between (performance endurance) and the performance of some offensive skills among youth indoor soccer players. • Performance endurance contributes morally to some offensive skills. . Research areas • Human field: Babylon youth clubs players in indoor soccer for the sports season (2021-2022 • Temporal field: The period from (9/1/2021) to (1/20/2022) • Spatial field: Martyr Hamza Nouri Hall.

Basic skills are one of the components of the indoor soccer game, in addition to physical fitness, psychological, educational and mental aspects that work to improve the level of performance, so it requires attention to skill preparation through the use of various educational methods and techniques aimed at developing the performance and learning of basic skills in a better way. Through the researchers' observation of the educational process of basic skills, the research problem emerged in the presence of difficulty in learning and performing these skills, so the researchers decided to solve this problem by proposing a set of complex exercises and applying them to female students. In order to achieve this, exercises must be used that meet the learning need and according to the requirements of the game's environment and approach the player's performance during the match. The current study aimed to know the effect of complex skill exercises in learning basic skills in indoor soccer for female students in the first stage - College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences. As for the research hypothesis, there was a positive effect of complex skill exercises in learning basic skills in indoor soccer for female students. The experimental method was used with a design of (two equivalent groups), with a pre-test and a post-test, to suit the nature of the research. The research community was determined by the first-stage female students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - University of Babylon for the academic year (2021-2022), numbering (24) female students. The most important conclusions were the following: The positive effect of the proposed complex exercises in developing the basic skills that are the subject of the research.

Working on investing in and enhancing positive behaviors among students and limiting and modifying negative behaviors. Planning and preparing school sports programs and curricula based on students’ needs and desires. Increasing the number of physical education classes and paying attention to internal and external school sports activities, as this helps the student maintain his emotional balance.

Futsal has a great popularity nowadays if it has spread widely in different countries of the world and has become a game played in all cities and countries of the world, and this game requires different skills and abilities, whether physical, skillful and mental as well, and any weakness in the skills of the game (offensive - defensive) causes weakness in the team and since this game is now practiced widely even by students of various specializations in general and the specialization of physical education in particular, it has received the attention of trainers and teachers of the game in all faculties of physical education and sports sciences in order to develop this game, it was necessary to use sports exercises that work to develop the physical and skill abilities of players and one of the exercises is rubber rope exercises and their role in developing physical and motor abilities in futsal skills for students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences. Therefore, the research aimed to: 1. Prepare exercises using rubber ropes to develop the physical and motor abilities of students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - University of Kufa. 2. The effect of rubber rope exercises in developing the physical and motor abilities of students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - University of Kufa. 3. Identify the advantage of Exercises with rubber ropes at the expense of the exercises followed by professors of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - University of Kufa. The study was conducted on a sample of students from the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - University of Kufa for the academic year 2020-2021, numbering (109) students distributed over four academic departments. The research sample consisted of (32) students who were deliberately selected from the research community using the single experimental group design. The experimental group was divided into two sections, one of which used the exercises followed and the second used exercises with rubber ropes to develop and enhance the skills of indoor football to suit students for the purpose of equivalence, then conduct the pre-tests for the students, and then start implementing the pre-tests and reach the post-tests by following the same procedures adopted in the pre-test for the experimental group with a single design.

Futsal has a great popularity nowadays if it has spread widely in different countries of the world and has become a game played in all cities and countries of the world, and this game requires different skills and abilities, whether physical, skillful and mental as well, and any weakness in the skills of the game (offensive - defensive) causes weakness in the team and since this game is now practiced widely even by students of various specializations in general and the specialization of physical education in particular, it has received the attention of trainers and teachers of the game in all faculties of physical education and sports sciences in order to develop this game, it was necessary to use sports exercises that work to develop the physical and skill abilities of players and one of the exercises is rubber rope exercises and their role in developing physical and motor abilities in futsal skills for students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences. Therefore, the research aimed to: 1. Prepare exercises using rubber ropes to develop the physical and motor abilities of students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - University of Kufa. 2. The effect of rubber rope exercises in developing the physical and motor abilities of students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - University of Kufa. 3. Identify the advantage of Exercises with rubber ropes at the expense of the exercises followed by professors of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - University of Kufa. The study was conducted on a sample of students from the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - University of Kufa for the academic year 2020-2021, numbering (109) students distributed over four academic departments. The research sample consisted of (32) students who were deliberately selected from the research community using the single experimental group design. The experimental group was divided into two sections, one of which used the exercises followed and the second used exercises with rubber ropes to develop and enhance the skills of indoor football to suit students for the purpose of equivalence, then conduct the pre-tests for the students, and then start implementing the pre-tests and reach the post-tests by following the same procedures adopted in the pre-test for the experimental group with a single design.

Motivation is a form of arousal that creates a kind of activity, effectiveness, energy or drive that aims to enable the student to choose specific goals and work to achieve them as an internal process that activates and directs him to maintain his behavior. The modern contemporary person is characterized by accepting new experiences and ideas, intellectual openness, and accepting renewal and change. There is no point in building a modern society unless the trends, motivation and capabilities of the individuals of this society go hand in hand with the forms of modernization. Modern society needs men and women who contribute to its construction. The research aims to identify the reality of academic self-motivation and the psychological aspects of modernity among fourth-year students, and to identify the nature of the correlation between academic self-motivation and the psychological aspects of modernity among fourth-year students. The researcher used the descriptive approach using the survey and correlation study method. The research sample was selected from fourth-year students (evening studies) at the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - University of Babylon for the academic year 2021-2022, and their number reached (30) students. Then, the researcher selected and applied the scales of academic self-motivation and psychological aspects of modernity to the research sample. The results were extracted using appropriate statistical treatments to reach the results. After that, the results were presented, analyzed and discussed. The researcher reached the most important conclusions, including that the sample enjoyed academic self-motivation and psychological aspects of modernity among students, and the existence of a significant correlation between academic self-motivation and psychological aspects of modernity among students. Based on the results reached by the research, the researcher recommends a set of recommendations, including paying attention to developing academic self-motivation and psychological aspects of modernity.