Tikrit Journal for Agricultural Sciences

Ten genotypes of (Triticum durum Dest.) were used in this study were (Atra_s , Crezo , Berch_1 , Azeghar_2 , LD_357_E , sham_3 , Cimeto , Bakra jo_1 , ACSAD_65 and om_Rabea_3)
A partial diallel and (line X Tester) analysis were designed at the ten parents and their crossed were studied , the seeds of genotypes (parents and F1 crosses ) were grown in the research farm of the college of agriculture_ Dohok university using Randomized complete Block Design (R.C.B.D.) with three replications to study the genetic behavior and to improve sum characters .by using the best hybrid vigor. from mid_parents values The results can be summarized as follows . There are significant differences between genotypes (parents and F1 crosses) for all the characters . A variation were found between general combining ability effects between the parents (cimeto , Bakra jo_1 , ACSAD_65 and Om_Rabea_3).
The hybrids (Bakra jo_1 × Crezo) , (Om_Rabea_3 × sham_3) , (Bakra jo_1 × Atra_5) , (ACSAD_65 × Atra_5) and ( Om_Rabea_3 × Crezo) were superior than others for heterosis measured as a deviation of F1
from mid_protein for most characters

The present research a selected seeds of Iraqi ( Nigella sativa) which available in local markets and from local farms, has exposed to Gamma ray by using the source ( Co 60). The research aims to find untraditional way to reduce the total microbial for the seeds that used for medical purposes, as known using of heat or boiling has negative effect on the active material in the seeds. The radiation is considers as one of the ways to the cool sterilization, by using the following does 1,2,3,5,7,10,12 KGry and the total microbial had been measured after each process and comparative with the control samples that deal with any radiation does. The results of research during the dosage 3 KGry (0.3 mega rad) and the next does, indicated that no growth of the micro organisms (bacteria or fungi).

use veal meat the age of one year and with broad bean (vicia faba) and kidney bean (vigna satira) in burgers slices industry And mixing proportions at (100% veal meat)(T1) and (50% soaked broad bean+50%meat)(T2) and (50% soaked kidney bean+50%meat)(T3) and (25% soaked broad bean+25% soaked kidney bean+50%meat)(T4) and (50% draising broad bean+50%meat)(T5) and (50% braising kidney bean+50%meat)(T6) and (25% braising broad bean+25% braising kidney bean+50%meat)(T7) . And results shown that humidity ratio in burger slices manufactured and According to treatments amounted ( %61.06, %00.50 ,
%06.05 , %05.50 , %01.50 , %05.66 ,%01.00 ) respectively. and fat ratio amounted ( %00.5, %0.5, %0.0, %5.0, %5.0, %00.0, %01.0) respectively. And Ash ratio ( %0.0, %8.0, %5.0, %5.0, %8.0, %5.0, %8.5) respectively. And protien ratio ( %00.0, %05.5, %0.0, %06.5, %55.0, %51.8, %00.0) respectively. And free fatty acids value amounted ( %5.18, %0.50, %1.01, %1.50, %0.50, %1.00, %0.05) respectively. As PH value amounted ( %6.0, %0.6, %5.0, %0.0, %0.8, %5.5, %0.5) respectively.
The study shown that the changes after cooking that the frying method with oil led to decrease in slices weight ranging between ( %50.00- %86.08) and slices diameter change between ( %00.00- %55.00) and slices thickness change between ( %55.58- %81.58). Sensory assessment results shown for studied properties got The rate of assessment Leanness 0.0( and the juiciness 0.0(. and taste 0.5(. flavor and smell 0.6( . strength 0.0( , and the general acceptance 0.8( from (9.0) degree Which shows that the product factory Got a good rate for each studied sensory properties

Five varieties of durum wheat ( Leeds, Azeghar1, Um–Rabie3, Cyprus1and korfila) and their half diallel crosses (F1 and F2 generation ) were used in this study. seeds were planted during the cultivated season (2006–2007) in the field of Agricultural and forestry college at the university center, using randomized complete block design with three replications, to study the general and specific combining abilities, Heterosis and inbreeding depression for plants height, spikes length, no. spikes per plant, no spikletes per spike, biological yield, grain yield, 1000 grain weight, harvest index, spike yield and no. grains per spike.
Analysis of variance showed significant genotype mean square for all characters except harvest index in F1, 1000-grain weight, harvest index, spikes yield and no. grains per spike in F2. General combining ability mean square was significant for plant height, spikes length, no. spikes per plant, no. spikletes per spike, biological yield and grain yield in F1 as well as in F2 except no. spikes per plant in the later.
The variety "1" characterized as a good combiner for most of characters in F1 and F2, likewise the hybrids (2×4), (4×5) and (3×4) in F1. The ratio between the general combining ability components to that of the specific one revealed that additive genes effects more important in the inheritance of the spikes length, no. spikes per plant, no. spikletes per spike, biological yield and harvest index, while the remaining characters were governed by the non additive genes effects at F2. In F2 about all the characters were governed by the non additive effects. Most hybrids showed significant, desirable heterosis for some characters, of them (4×5) and (2×4) were surpassed for most characters. The hybrids (1×3) and (4x5) had a significant inbreeding depression for largest number of characters

The experiment has carried out in the Field of the college of Agriculture and Forestry Mosul University during season of 2008 , using Randomized Complete Block Design ( R.C.B.D. ) with three replications, aimed to evaluate performance of F2 hybrids and their parents to identify promising hybrids and estimate genotypic and phenotypic variation , heritability , genetic advance , genotypic and phenotypic correlation and path coefficient analysis in studied characters which are the yield and its components within the method of a complete Full- Diallel crosses of four varieties of faba bean which they are :- French , Syrian, Tuweithe and Babylon.
Parents and F2 were significantly different for all studied characters. There was a high genetic variation for 100 seed weight , green pods yield , biological yield and seed yield. Broad sense heritability was higher for : plant height , leaf area index , no. of days to flowering , pod setting , no. of pods per plant , 100 seed weight ,biological yield and seed yield which is due to the high variability among these characters. The phenotypic and genotypic correlation was positively significant between biological yield and seed yield (0.822 and 0.989) respectively , the genotypic correlation was higher than phenotypic correlation for most studied characters , which assures that the gene action plays the main role in these characters and enables the vegetables growers to depending on it in selecting the hereditary structure of high production from the faba bean. The genetic path coefficient analysis showed that the no. of branches per plant had a higher direct and indirect effects through the other characters in the seed yield and pod length can be arranged in the second level. This characters can be used in the programmer of plant breeding.

field experiment was carried out during the winter season 2007 -2008 at research field crops Science Department University of Baghdad-Abu Ghraib in order to determine the response cumin crop.. Cuminum cyminum L
for some farm operations and their impact on the characteristics
of growth and yield.
The experiment study of the effect of different levels of Phosphorus fertilizer are (0,50,70,90 kg P / ha) and four Spaces between plants
( 10,15,20,25 cm ) .
The experiment carried out as a factorial experimentin Random Complete Block Design ( R.C.B.D)with three blocks .
Considered statistically analyzed the data according to the desing of each practice and experience compared to averages of transactions on the basis of test least significant difference (LSD) 5%
Level of moral study results showed that :
The addition of Phosphorus fertilizer to significantly increase in seeds yield terms given level of 70kgP/ha higher value amounted to 669.35 kg /ha ,55.79inflorescence/plant,34.53flower / inflorescence,33.59seed/ inflorescence,3.77gm weight of 1000seed.
Spaces between plants caused significantly effect in seeds yield terms given the rate of planting (20 cm ) the highest value reached 610.74 kg/ha,47.10 inflorescence/plant,32.06 flower / inflorescence,31.84 seed/ inflorescence,3.52 gm weight of 1000seed .
Interaction was significantly between the levels of Phosphorus fertilizer and Spaces between plants was given treatment as morally 70 kg p /ha Spaces between plants of( 20cm) reached the highest sum 688.34 kg /ha

Afield experiment was carried out in AL-Musaib Technical Institute during growing season of 2001 and 2002, to investigate response of some characters of cotton of three nitrogen (0,100,and 200 kgNh-1) and three foliar date Zinc and Copper (after thinning, beginning first square, and beginning of flowering) . A randomized complete block design experiment with three replications .The results showed that was applied .
Nitrogen applied at 200 kgNh-1 during both seasons gave higher percentage of plant height (62.39 , 63.74%) , number of sympodia branch per plant (30.85 , 30.96%) respectively in both season as compared with control , and gave higher lint yield (903.10 , 1044.00 kgh-1) as compared with control (131.80 , 171.00 kgh-1) respectively in both season, gave higher percentage of fiber length (12.52, 12.73%), fiber strength (21.57, 17.38%) .
The date foliar during flowering of both season gave higher percentage of plant height (9.92, 11.46%) , number of sympodia branch per plant (35.93, 31.91%), lint yield (25.76, 36.10%) fiber length (4.98, 5.07%) fiber strength (7.61 , 8.88%) respectively as compared with foliar after thinning.
The interaction between nitrogen applied at 200 kg kgNh-1h-1 and foliar during flowering in all studied characters

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of plant population in growth and yield characters of cotton Coker-310 in the Mosul area , in split plot system using Randomized Complete Block Design with three replicates , the first factor concluded planting one or two plants/drill , and the second factor concluded four planting distances were used 15 , 20 , 25 and 30 cm during the season 2001 to study the characters : number of vegetative branches , number of fruiting branches , plant height , boll weight , number of bolls/plant , earliness and seed cotton yield kg./hectare . The study revealed that the number of plants in drill , the plant distances and the interaction between them did not affect the characters except earliness percentage . The orthogonal polynomial analysis showed linear significant effect at 5% level for the plant distances on earliness , which reached 77.49% at the distance 15 cm , while theinteraction between the number of plants in drill and plant distances revealed significant AL BQ effect at 5% level for earliness of cotton while leaving two plants in a drill and 15 cm between plants was better than leaving one plant in a drill for higher earliness of cotton yield

In this study field experiment was conducted . The experiment was carrid out in the plastic house / Horticulture department / college of Agriculture / Tikrit university during the season 2006-2007 . The aim was to study the effect of four Apical Removal times ( 0 , 83 , 97 , 111 ) days after sowing on the performance of three okra varieties ( Btera , Batraa and Clemson spineless ) in vegetative growth , flowering and yield and its components . The results could be summarized as follows :
1- The first date of apical removal showed significant increase in dry weight and number of leaves whereas the second date showed significant increase in fruit numbers and total yield . The third date showed significant increase in in branch numbers , stem diameter , flowering 50% of the plants , early yield and yield index .
2- Battraa variety showed significant increase in all vegetative growth characteristies except leaf numbers where the variety Btera showed significant increase in this charactr . Clemson spineless variety showed significant increasein flowering of 50% of the plant , fruit numbers , early yield , total yield and yield index .
3- The first date of removal for Btera varity showed significant increase in leaf numbers whereas . The third removal date for the same variety showed significant increase in the number of branchs . The first date for Batraa variety showed significant increase in stem diameter and the dry weight of plant whereas Clemson spineless showed significant increase in yield index . The third date of this variety showed significant increase in flowering of 50% of the plant fruit numbers erley yield and total yield .

The application of Trichoderma fungi were significant increased the plant height with frist level ( 15 tan .ha-1 )for all species organic matter . while caused significant Increased the dry weight with addition wastes sheeps and both levels compared with out addition . The wastes cowes and both levels of addition was achived significant increased number of fungal units of Trichoderma with addition of fungi compared with out addition .
The second level and all organic matters was achved significant increased the plant height , wet weight ,dry weight and number of fungal units of Trichoderma compared with frist level .The Second level of Wastes cowes used reduction of number of fungal units of Trichoderma Significantly compared with first level .

A field experiment was carried out at the farm of Agriculture College University of Baghdad during the season 2007 to study the density of insects bests on 10 local melon cultivars (9 were collected from 5 provinces Baghdad, Babylon, Anbar, Dyala, Musel and imported cultivar Ananas). The results showed that the cultivar Hafez nafsah was the less preferring cultivar by the insects and recorded the less infections by all studied insects comparing with the other cultivars.
The cultivar Shaoky was the most preferring cultivar by Raphidopalpa foveicollis (Lucas) and Epilachna chrysomelina Fab., they gave the highest means of infections which were 9.16, 5.46 insect/3 plants respectively, While the insects Aphis gossypii Glover and Thrips tabaci Lind. and Bemisia tabaci Genn. preferred the cultivar Ananas and gave the highest means of adults and nymphs numbers which were 41.66 , 207, and 98.80 insect/3 plants respectively. Results showed that Myiopardalis pardalina(Bigot) was prefer the cultivar Sukary, the highest mean of adults number was 5.20 insect/3 plants

A study was conducted at Latifia Experiments Station during 2004 to evaluated of some bread and durum wheat cultivars toward leaf rust caused by Puccinia recondita and effects of planting disease severity revealed variation in host parasite interaction levels from resistance (R) in AL-Anour and AL-Iraq cultivar with 0% disease severity to susceptible in the cultivar AL-Ize , AL-Neda and AL-Tahadi, with 80.0% , 81.1% and 67.1% disease severity respectively while the cultivars AL-Hashmia is moderately resistance (MR)with 6.8% disease severity. Cultivars Um-Rabia, Whaht-AL Iraq ,Dorr 29 and Door 88 were moderately susceptible with 45.0% , 76.7%, 35.0% and 70.0% disease severity. Results of effect of planting date on disease severity and infection rate of leaf rust disease revealed that during the first planting date at 15th November low infection rate which was about 0.081 detected on the infected plants. While the high infection rates 0.191 was recorded on the third planting date at 15th December

Four llevells of callciium carbonate (0 ,, 30 ,, 35 ,, 40 %) and one llevell of
organiic matter 15gm // pot on soiill and sollubiilliity avaiillabiilliity off copper and
iits content iin soiill and corn pllant are conducted iin pot experiiment on siillty
cllay lloam (typiic Torrii flluvent)),, whiich are taken from the agriicnture –
collllege fiielld at abu-Graiib.. IIrriigated by the water of Abu- Graiib riiver ..
The resullt showed that the copper tiie more stronglly wiith cllay
miinerall and organiic resiidue and make more compllex compoynds whiich
preciipiitate iin soiill sollutiion and reduce the copper avaiillablle for pllant.The soiill wiith hiigh llevell of CaCo3 have copper accumullatiion.. There
was ahiigh accumullatiion of copper iin the roots compared wiith lleaves,,
besiides the fllow of avaiillablle copper iinsiide the pllant gave a siigniifiicant
vallye of the accumullatiion of copper iin the lleaves under organiic mattter
iinflluence..

Field experiment was conducted at Garma city in summer season 2006 on silty loam soil to study the effect of Cropping techniques and irrigation with saline water on chemical properties of soil (Ec, pH, SAR), and growth and yield of sorghum.
The study included three factors viz : (A) with or without drain channels, (B) methods of Cropping (lines or furrow), and (C) plot width (2.5, 5 m) with three replicates using split– split block in Randomized block desigin.
Results showed the following:
1- Using drain channels, furrow Cropping method and 2.5 m plots width have lead to significantly reduction in salinity.
2- There was not any role for drain channels, methods of Cropping and plot width in changing the pH of soil.
3- Using drain channels, furrow Cropping method, and plots width 5 m caused in increase in SAR value.
4- Using drain channels caused on increase of height, and weight of dry plant, and weight in seeds of sorghum

The objective of the study was to estimate the crop water requirement under different treatment of water quality and magnetic technology, growth and yield of sunflower. A Field study was conducted for determining water requirement for sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in spring season-2008 at Al-Raid Experimental Station, Ministry of Water Resources, and 20 Km west of Baghdad.
The experimental design was complete randomized block design in three replicates.The main plots were for replicates, and sub plots for irrigation treatment as follows: Tow types of water quality have been used: 1.4dS.m-1 (River water), and 4.0 dS.m-1 (Saline water) and magnetism water with intensity of 2000 Gauss. The treatment irrigation was imposed at 50-55% depletion of available water.
Sunflower seeds (Helianthus annuus L.) were planted on 15/3/2008 and harvested on 18/6/2008 and 29/6/2008 for Saline water, Magnetic river water and river water, magnetic saline water, respectively. A mounts of required irrigation water was estimated based on measurements of soil water content by using weighing method, to moisturing 0-0.3m soil depth from planting to the end of vegetationstage, and from 0-0.6m from flowering stage to the end of growing season.
Actual evapotranspiration was estimated from measuring soil water content after each irrigation and before the next irrigation during the growing season. Reference evapotranspiration was estimated from Penman and Penman-Montieth equation, and evaporation from class –A pan. Crop factor (KC), height of plant, leaf area index, total yield and water use efficiencies (field and crop) were determined.
Actual evapotranspiration for sunflower during spring season was 610 mm, and 494, 513, 545mm for River Water (RW), Saline Water (SW), Magnetic River Water (MRW) and Magnetic Saline Water (MSW), respectively. Field and crop water use efficiency were significant in MRW and increased as 71 and 65%, respectively. While this parameter was decrease significantly as 57 and 50% in RW, MSW and SW, respectively.
The values of reference evapotranspiration estimated from Penman-Montieth equation were near to values of actual evapotranspiration for sunflower, whereas values of evaporation from Penman equation and evaporative pan were higher than values of actual evapotranspiration during the growth season. The values evaporation from pan A, Penman equation and Penman-Montieth equation were 760, 647mm, 753, 638mm and 640, 547mm for irrigation with RW and MSW; SW and MRW, respectively.
Maximum values of crop coefficient (KC) estimated from pan-A, Penman and Penman-Montieth equation were 0.80, 0.81 and 0.95, respectively.
A Field study was conducted to calculated evaporation from pan A and study some of influenced factor on the magnetic mechanism. Two pans from the class A have been used, one of them was filled with magnetic water to the depth of 0.2m, and other was filled with unmagnetic water. Evaporation from pan, water temperature and salinity were determined at the same time for each pans.
Keyword: evapotranspiration, magnetic technology, water quality, sunflower, water use efficiency

Waste-product of 1%.and 2% of Liquorice, bird and 1.25% and 2.5% of phosphogypsum were applied in two soils and incubated in pots and sprayed to field capacity for 30 days , to study the effects of these amendments on hydraulic conductivity, water retension, air-entry value and wet-sieving index and some equations were used to predict moisture contents.
Results indicated that positive effects of liquorices and bird wastes on wet-sieving index and reflect that to hydraulic conductivity and available water. While the measures and the predicted values of the moisture were variable in all treatment compared with the Control. The Brooks and Corey. (1964), gave best fit of moisture contents for both measured and predicted Values.
This related to particle and pore size distribution , bulk density, in which
was higher in first soil than in the second soil .

Fragaria plants inoculated with the cyanobacteria Nostoc sp. Where treated by 4 levels of EM-1 (0,spray,with irrigated water and mix of spraying and irrigation) using a concentration of 1/20( EM1/ water). Compared with control , results showed :
1. Both cyanobacteria and EM-1 caused significant increase in vegetative growth and the highest increase was achieved by using the mix of spraying and irrigation .
2. Inoculation by cyanobacteria with the addition of EM-1 significantly increased the fruit weight, size and the yield/ plant.
3. In the presence of cyanobacteria Fe and N contents of the plant where positively affected while no effect was detected on P and K content . On the other hand plant contents of these elements were significantly increased by EM-1 . However , the interaction between cyanobacteria and EM-1 showed the highest levels of N, P and Fe while the interaction showed no effect on K content

This experiment carried out at the farm in the north of Tuz city far from it (5 km) during the season 2006 - 2007 . To determine the effect of two types of combine (Massey forgsen 3040 and class 68) with three forward speeds (2 - 2.4 - 3 km/h) on quantity loss in worker units and combine loss of wheat . The results showed that .
1- the harvester Massey forgsen showed superior significant in recording lower losses in unites of cutting (1.51) , threshing (0.94) , cleaning (0.98) , and combine loss (4.45) but the unite of separating showed no significant loss .
2- the first for ward speed showed superior significant in recording lower grain losses in all combine unit also second speed recoding the lower losses than third speed .
3- In the interaction the two combines at first speed recording lower grain losses and recording the lower lose at first speed with Massey forgsen combine in the seperating unite (0.31) also the highest lose recording in the third speed with class combine in cutting unit (2.71) .

The study carried out at the college of agriculture fields – University of Tikreet during season (2008 – 2009) in Gypsfreous soil. Three angles (15, 20, 25) degree of disc plow with three plowing speeds(4.5, 5.5, 6.5)km/hr(three replication for each treatment combination), by a Randomized Complete Block Design is employed, To show its effect on some field technical indications and tilling appearance, Which are the (Plowing Depth , Plowing Width , Number of Soil Clods , Soil Penetration Resistance , Soil Volume Disturbed, Effective Field Capacity, Field Efficiency).
The result obtained reveals that the angle (25º) in the largest plowing width, least tilling appearance, highest Effective Field Capacity and Field Efficiency respectively. While, the angle (15º) gave the largest PlowingDepth and least Soil Penetration Resistance. The third plowing speed(6.5)km/hr gave largest Plowing Width, least tilling appearance, largest Soil Volume Disturbed, highest Effective Field Capacity and Field Efficiency respectively. While, gave that the first plowing speed (4.5)km/hr gave the largest Plowing Depth and least Soil Penetration Resistance.
The result obtained reveals that the angle (15º) with the plowing speed(4.5)km/hr gave largest Plowing Depth and least Soil Penetration Resistance respectively. While, The angle (25º) with The third plowing speed(6.5)km/hr gave largest Plowing Width, least tilling appearance respectively. While, The angle (20º) with The third plowing speed(6.5)km/hr gave
highest Effective Field Capacity and Field Efficiency respectively

This study was conducted to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with garlic powder on some productive and physiological traits of of ISA-Brown strain hens.
A total of 45 hens had been used. At age of 52 weeks birds were reared in individual cages and distributed into three treatments as follow: Control group (T1) without garlic powder supplementation to diet, supplementation of garlic powder at level of 2 kg / ton feed (T2), and supplementation of garlic powder at level of 4 kg / ton feed (T3). The traits of body weight, egg production (H.D.) egg weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, and egg mass have been studied each two weeks. However, at the end of experiment egg cholesterol, total Red Cells Count (RBC), total White Cells Count (WBC), Packed Cell Volume (PCV%), Blood Hemoglobin (Hb), H / L ratio, total protein and uric acid had been studied.
The results revealed that there were No significant differences (P<0.05) in body weight, egg production (H.D.) egg weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, and egg mass. Furthermore, there were no significant differences in total Red blood cells count (RBC) , Total white blood cells count (WBC), heterophils / Lymphocytes (H/L) ratio compared with the control group . However, significant increase(P<0.05) in hemoglobin concentration (Hb), the percent of blood packed cells volume (PCV%).on T2and T3 However, significant decrease (P<0.05) in cholesterol concentration of yolk egg was observed. On T2
(2 % /garlic powder) surpass T2 (4 % / garlic powder),

The results shown that the ownerships were concentrated in three governorates
Baghdad , Diyala and Neniva ( 84.3% from the total number of owners) . Those who sold their lands were 64% ( in Baghdad , the percentage was 40.6% while in Diyala 24.2%) .
A percentage of 23% from the total number of lands were left with no utilization , and if we add the percentage of lands that have commercial use (3.3%) and industrial use (4.1 %) , the total percentage become 94.4% .
In addition , a percentage of 68% from the total number of owners have had problems with their neighbors and all the lands were far more than 3 Kms from the nearest city centre .
These results reveal that the distribution of lands free of charge and against distinguished works had caused damaged to the agricultural investment as well as dividing and degradation of the agricultural land area.

Estimated production function for corn crop in the long run period and cost function in the short run by using cross sectional data for a sample of producer corn for (97) farmers in salahadeen proviance by using befor (AL Summary , 2007 ) in estimate the prduction function for crop in short run , and cost function in the long run (AL . Summary , 2007 ) comparation the optimum size in the two run for two function so that explain the optimal output size in long run is (4,400 toun) and the optimal recerours combination for area ( labour and capital is (121.6 donum ),(2827.7 hour) (48.581 Tha . dinar) respectively the optimal output size by using cost function in short run (9.300 toun) and the optimum farm size (42.donum) exaplain abolish found accept for the result between production function in long run and cost function in short run by determined the production output and farm size and the result explained the optimum output size in cost function is best from optimum output in production function and the technical efficiency is (74.1) in the long run and (60.5) in the short run .

In this research , the Nerlovian model was applied in order to Snow the effect of various variables affecting the acreage of this crop , during ( 1998-2007) , log-model and liner model were applied , the linear function was chosen as the best according to statistical and Econometrical criteria, from this research , the relative of price of this crop had positive – statistical effect on acreage, and the productivity had the same effect, the farmers showed that they have no ability to endure price and productivity risk , It was recommended to raise the purchas price of this crop and insure its production for the drowet season , and to expand irrigations planting of this crop in order to increase it ,s supply .

Agriculture producers face a huge, dangerous problem in their agricultural production which is due to the lack of access of production equipments quantities and qualities as well as proper timing and prices. This problem is one of the major economic and productive losses for the agricultural producers, their families and the whole community.
The aim of this research is build a model for the integrated management to meet the agricultural producer’s requirements. This model has been prepared according to scientific studies and resources in addition to problems of agricultural producers.
The research consists of 16 activities distributed into 5 stages. Components of program as follows: 1. Organizational stage which involves composition of the group and training the team. 2. Planning stage which includes preparation of the database, inventory of supplies V needs and a plan for each of the supply of the program, credit and the agricultural extension. 3. Implementation stage which includes preparation of the requirements, supplying producers with their needs, any finances required agricultural extension. 4. Follow up stage which includes implementation of the processing requirements supply. 5. Evaluation stage consisting of programs construction and accumulative evaluation.

The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of fertilization levels, years of adding fertilizers, and age of growth rings on some anatomical properties of young Pinus brutia Ten. Trees grown in Nineveh forest.. The results show that the studied factors had a significant effect on most properties. Generally, the fertilizing treatments have led to a decrease in length and cell wall thickness of tracheids and also in rankel ratio, but to an increase in the averages of tracheid diameter compared to those samples taken from untreated trees. The effect of fertilization increases with the increase in ratios constituting it, the fertilizing treatment (70 gm compound fertilizer, 750 ppm. Iron and 30 or 45 ppm. Zinc) scored the highest ratios of a decrease in tracheid length (27.54 %), tracheid wall thickness (33.75 %), and rankel ratio (77.60 %). The same treatment has led to obtain the highest ratios of increase in tracheid diameter (54.84 %) compared to the untreated samples.
Concerning the effect of growth ring, it is evident that the highest ratios of the decrease have noticed in the tracheid length and tracheid wall thickness, while the highest ratios of increase appeared in tracheid diameter in the fifth ring compared with control. Addition of fertilizer in the fourth year of age has led to a highest decrease in the length of tracheid, wall thickness, and rankel's ratio compared to the addition for two successive years of age, while no clear effect has been noticed for the years of adding the fertilizer on tracheid diameter.