Karbala Journal of Physical Education Sciences

The research aims to identify the effect of the proposed program using the total body vibration training device (WBVT) on the maximum strength of the legs, anaerobic capacity and some physical components. The research sample was selected from (men) participants in the program of preparing physical training and maximum strength in the gyms. (6) males with (34) years ages are from the research community of (60) were selected, and homogeneity was carried out according to For weight and body mass index indicators. The application of the training curriculum lasted for 6 weeks, at a rate of (3) training units per week, and the duration of the training unit was (40-45) minutes, at a rate of (6-7 exercises). The researcher used the statistical bag (SPSS) to identify the significance of the differences to reach the results of the research, which showed that the use of vibration training showed statistically significant differences on the variable of maximum strength for the two legs - and the test of anaerobic capacity and some physical components, that the use of vibration training did not show statistically significant differences in a variable (fatigue index). The study recommended taking advantage of the exercises of the total vibrations of the body in the development of maximum strength and anaerobic capabilities.

The study aimed to design a test of rolling skill using various balls for first-class players aged (18 years and over) in football, as well as extracting standard scores and levels for the built test. The researchers used the descriptive approach in the style of survey studies, and the research sample consisted of (185) first-class soccer players. The researchers reached a design and standardization to test the skill of rolling using a variety of balls with a distance of (30 m) for first-class football players, as well as extracting grades and standard levels for the built test. Physical and skill, especially focus, accuracy and speed.

Recently, the interest in the mental aspects of specialists, psychologists, researchers and sports coaches has increased because of its importance in improving the speed of learning motor skills. Regardless of the fitness of the player and his strong physical structure, there must be a guide and a leader for these physical abilities and high physical fitness. The importance of research was preparing mental imagery exercises in developing the accuracy of basketball shooting skill for players aged (17-19) years. Where the researcher used the experimental method in the manner of the two equal groups and identified the research population with the (Bolice) basketball club players aged (17-19) years for the season (2020-2021) (14) players, (2) players were excluded to conduct the pilot experiment and thus the number of players became (12) players, and the sample was divided randomly by lottery method into two groups of (6) players for each group

The problem of the research lies in that the problems facing specialists in the training process in general is how to measure the elements of physical and respiratory fitness and give them digital values that help the specialist to employ them, and the lack of accurate objective tests that depend on measuring them on different devices as well as that if these tests are found In addition, the process of giving a value to the physical and respiratory performance is an important process that helps the coach to choose the player during the match and the nature of the competition.As for the research fields, they included the human field represented by the arena and field players in Karbala governorate, The temporal domain of the sports season (2021-2022) was determined, while the spatial domain was in the Youth Sports Stadium in Karbala Governorate and the Alabtal Hall. Significant correlation between the tests used and the achievement of 110-meter runners, and the researcher recommended the need to expand scientific studies and set various tests. To measure various functional and physical attributes

University of Mosul / College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences
The aim of the research is to build a will of sports giving scale among workers in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Mosul and to identify the relationship between the will of sports giving and the evaluation of job performance among workers in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Mosul. The researchers used the descriptive approach in a survey and correlational method for its relevance and the nature of the research, and the research community included workers in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Mosul, who numbered (167), and the research sample included (130) chosen randomly, and (20) to conduct The stability of the two scales, and the research tool included two scales (the will of sports tender), and the scale (job performance), as a tool for data collection. The researchers concluded that the research sample enjoys a willingness to give and a job performance that is higher than the hypothetical average of the scale, which indicates that they generally enjoy a positive degree that affects their job work well, in addition to the existence of a positive moral correlation between the will of sports giving and job performance among workers in the College of Education Physical and sports sciences at the University of Mosul

Salahaddin University/Erbil/College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences
The research aimed to identify the effect of menopause on the level of physical fitness (moderate inclined prone, broad jump, jogging) for women of different ages, especially between 50-55 years. The researcher used the descriptive approach in a survey method for its suitability to the nature of the research and its objectives. The research sample included 20 women who deliberately interrupted their menstrual cycle at the ages of 50-55 years, and the experiment was conducted in the fitness hall. The results indicated that there were statistically significant differences, which is the presence of an average negative correlation with menopause and moderate tilted prolapse. The reason is due to estrogen, where its concentration is as low as possible at this stage. The results also indicated that there was no significant association between menopause and wide jumping as well as jogging, due to the estrogenic hormonal changes, as well as the efficiency of the respiratory system in delivering oxygen to different tissues, the size of red blood cells and the concentration of hemoglobin in the blood.

The aim of the research is to study the relationship between Rapid power and kinetic speed and the achievement of 110m hurdles under 18 years. The researchers used the descriptive approach survey and correlation method for its suitability to the nature of solving the problem, while the research sample consisted of (7) players represented by athletics players in Karbala governorate under 18 years, and it was possible for homogeneity among the sample members for the sports season (2021-2022). The researcher used the statistical bag spss., and the researcher concluded that the research sample group was distinguished by the existence of a strong correlation between motor speed and achievement. The research sample group had a strong correlation between quick strength and achievement. The resrerch recommended that emphasis on developing the physical ability, quick strength and motor speed of the 110m hurdles under 18 years players, and emphasizing on conducting studies on the rest of the motor qualities and abilities and their interrelationship with the completion of the 110m hurdles

The importance of research lies in finding the explosive force relationship with the throwing weight activity. The aim of the research is to identify the relationship of explosive force with the throwing weight activity for people with special needs. The research population deliberately identified the junior Paralympic players with the throwing weight activity in Nineveh Governorate for the season (2020-2021), and they numbered (10) players, and the research sample consisted of (8) players representing (80%) of the research population, and they were excluded ( 2) From the players who did not attend the test, and the explosive power was determined, and the tests related to the explosive power were presented to the experts to choose the best test. The researchers concluded that there is a high correlation between the explosive power and with the throwing weight activity for people with special needs

The most appropriate training method to achieve the development of explosive power is by relying on the ballistic training method, as it includes in its exercises movements characterized by explosiveness in performance and high speed. The player has muscular strength for the muscles of the arms, chest, trunk and shoulders, so the research aimed to identify the effect of the training program in developing the explosive power of players with special needs. The researcher hypothesized that there is a statistically significant relationship between the pre and post test in the explosive power of the experimental and control group. The research community deliberately identified the junior Paralympic players with the effectiveness of throwing weight in Nineveh Governorate for the season (2020-2021), and they numbered (10) players, and the research sample consisted of (8) players representing (80%) of the research community, and they were excluded ( 2) Of the players who did not attend the pre-test. The researchers concluded that there is an effect of the training program in developing the explosive power of players with special needs. It recommended the necessity of adopting the prepared curriculum to develop explosive power and study other physical characteristics of players with special needs

The aim of the research is to identify the level of some elements of physical fitness for middle school students and the level of functional indicators for middle school students and their impact on the body. The research assumed that the measures of physical fitness elements of middle school students have an effective role in knowing their abilities, and measures of functional abilities of middle school students have an effective role in knowing their abilities. The researcher used the descriptive approach in the survey method to suit the requirements of the research. As for the research sample, it was selected from the research population and randomly selected from the schools mentioned in the research, and their number was (400) female students. The study concluded that vital capacity is one of the most important aspects that measure respiratory efficiency and lung function efficiency for individuals, and the maximum oxygen consumption expresses the body’s aerobic capacity, and that regular aerobic exercise is the best way to develop and improve physiological devices. The research also recommended conducting studies for females and others for males similar to these. Study and study for other classes and with different variables.

The problem of the research emerged from several axes, including a weakness in the skill performance during the performance of the jump, and this weakness resulted from not using exercises in a hierarchical manner (ascending), which depend on the gradation in determining the intensity for each jumper separately depends on the level of each jumper taking into account time and distance, while the other axis is the lack of interest of many coaches in the technical aspect of the competition within the training units compared to the physical aspects, and the players not realizing the importance of these exercises as their knowledge of physical exercises, and for the purpose of developing performance and achievement in the long jump competition, the researchers deliberately applied the hierarchical style exercises to the long jumpers randomly from the population of Karbala clubs, where the jumpers were divided into two groups (control and experimental) for each group (5) jumpers, and after conducting the tribal tests and applying the exercises prepared by the researchers for a period of (8) weeks and signing (3) weekly units, and then conducting the post tests, it was concluded that, there is an effect of the hierarchical style exercises in the development of some biomechanical variables and the achievement of long jump under 20 years.

The study aims to use exercises according to the target time to carry the training and according to the equation of the scientist Frank, where three distances are legalized according to the target time to run 400m freestyle and they are (150m, 300m, 600m) to develop special endurance to develop the achievement of running 400m freestyle under 20 years. As the study was applied to the first experimental research sample, exercises according to the target time according to the scientist Frank’s equation in addition to doses of red beet supplement and the second experimental exercises according to the target time according to the equation of the scientist Frank and the control sample was limited to the training of the trainer only. The researchers concluded that there are differences in Special endurance capabilities and the achievement of 400 m freestyle for the benefit of the sample that took training according to the target time according to the equation of scientist Frank over the control sample that applied the trainer’s training, and the beet supplement had the preference of the first experimental group over the second experimental group that was not given the supplement. The researchers concluded that training according to the target time according to the scientist Frank's equation, which was applied by the members of the second experimental group to develop special endurance and achieve 400m freestyle, is better than the group that applied the trainer's training.

The research aims to prepare skill exercises for the offensive and defensive performance of young fencer players, to identify the preference of the two groups (experimental and control) in the effectiveness of defensive and offensive performance of young fencer players. The research population was determined by the players of the Karbala Governorate clubs for the epee weapon, the youth category, which numbered (10) players. In the style of equal groups with tribal and remote measurements, and this is what you see consistent and consistent with the specifications of her research and the achievement of the objectives of her study. The researchers concluded that the prepared exercises had a positive effect on the development of the effectiveness of the defensive and offensive performance of the players of the epee weapon, as well as that the rate of development of the effectiveness of the defensive and offensive performance of the epee weapon was greater in the experimental group compared to the control group.

The research aims to design and manufacture an auxiliary device to perform the pronation movement on the parallel gymnastics device, prepare special exercises for the innovative device for the pronation skill in gymnastics, to identify the effect of the exercises of the innovative device in improving the motor path of the pronation skill on the parallel gynecological apparatus, to identify the effect of the exercises for the innovative device on the performance of the pronation movement on the parallel gymnastics apparatus and to identify the preference of the differences between the experimental and control groups in improving the motor path and the level of performance of pronation skill on the parallel gymnastics apparatus between the pre and post tests of the experimental and control groups. The researchers used the experimental method in the manner of the two equal groups, the control and the experimental with two measurements (pre- and post-test), and this is what he deems consistent with the problem of his research and the achievement of the objectives of his study. The researchers identified the research population consisting of the Karbala club players, which numbered (10) players, and all players were selected as a sample for research and in a comprehensive inventory method, as the research sample formed (100%) of the research community, which is a standard percentage and they were distributed to two experimental groups consisting of ( 5) players and a control group consisting of (5) players. The researchers concluded that there is a positive effect of exercises for an innovative device in improving the motor path and performing the skill of pronation on the parallel device in artistic gymnastics.

The study aimed to identify numerical indicators of knee deformity of its two types (Al-Fahja and Al-Rawhaa) using a computerized program designed to measure the postural deviation of school students aged 14-16 years in the holy province of Karbala, knowing the prevalence rate of knee deformity for school students aged 14-16 years in the holy city of Karbala governorate. Finding criteria (degrees and levels) for knee deformity for students of Karbala Holy Schools aged 14-16 years and determining the rate and criteria for the prevalence of obesity and thinness levels in the age group (14-16) years. The researcher used the descriptive approach using the survey method and correlations in conducting this study, and this study was conducted on a sample of 75 students distributed over three schools in the holy city of Karbala. The researcher concluded the identification of numerical indicators of knee deformity for school students aged 14-16 years in the Karbala governorate center, finding criteria (degrees and levels) for postural deviation (deformation of the knees) and body mass index, and identifying the rate of prevalence of deviation deviation of the knees and the quality of body mass index. As for the most important recommendations, they emphasized the need to expand scientific studies and use computerized programs to give objective and accurate values and results by drawing conclusions. Interest in studying new variables affecting the morphological deviation of students, especially middle school students.

Many players are negatively affected by the atmosphere of competition, and after conducting the questionnaire on some players, it was found that their anxiety is high and it is not at the required level compared to the technical level of the players, as they are the heroes of Iraq. Because of the importance of the topic, the researchers decided to study this problem and give suggestions according to the results. The research aimed to know the relationship between multiple anxiety and the technical performance of some offensive kicks for advanced Taekwondo players. Taekwondo player from the Baghdad national team, and after conducting tests and applying the scale, the results showed a correlation between multiple anxiety and the technical performance of some offensive kicks for the players. The general psychological emotions before the start have a significant impact on the technical performance achieved by the player. The researchers recommended paying attention to the psychological preparation of the players and the beginning of the preparation in the early stages, the need to use methods and methods that reduce the level of anxiety because of its positive role and emphasizing how to plan when the technical performance of the players.

The aim of the research is to prepare special exercises to accompany a proposed device, where the device is worn around the pelvic joint by the players when performing the low dribbiling within the required range of motion, and knowing the extent of its impact on the height of the center of gravity of the body from the ground, and the study sample consisted of 6 players from Al-Hindiya Club For juniors, special exercises were applied for a period of 8 weeks, with a rate of 3 training units per week, i.e. 24 training units. Part of the main section of the training unit was interfered with, and the performance test of the low dribbiling was conducted in the presence of the proposed training device and video imaging to find performance variables and biomechanical indicators, and the pre and post test was conducted. Findings biomechanical indicators and performance, and the results of the research were significant because of the effect of special exercises and the proposed device.

The aim of the research is to study some forms of muscular strength and to identify them, as well as to identify the accuracy of the performance of the forehand flying strike and the crushing strike among tennis players of Alsaid Club Academy, as well as finding the relationship between some forms of muscular strength and the accuracy of performing the forehand flying strike and the crushing strike among tennis players, and the researchers assumed there is a statistically significant correlation between some forms of muscular strength and the accuracy of the performance of the forehand flying strike and the crushing strike among tennis players. (10) players represent the research sample, and the researchers conducted an exploratory experiment on a sample of (6) players. The accuracy of the performance of the forehand flying strike and the crushing strike among tennis players, as well as the existence of a significant correlation between each of the speed-characterized force of the two arms. In addition, the existence of a significant correlation between the explosive power of the legs and arms and the accuracy of performing the forehand flying strike and the crushing strike among tennis players. The researchers recommended several recommendations, including the need for coaches and tennis players to pay attention to forms of force Muscularity in the training curricula, with an emphasis on continuous physical and skill tests for tennis players in sports clubs and academies in the various governorates of Iraq.

The speed in the performance of skills is of great importance during the competition, as it is a decisive factor in reaching the goal and taking the successful touch, as the element of speed helps the player to move and move on the field and then take the appropriate place to achieve the successful touch, and the speed in moving on the field It helps him and confuses the opponent, making him unable to think or anticipate the movement of the attacker’s weapon, and the short preparatory period for the stab during the attack during play depends on the motor speed and the surprise of the competitor. (Experimental and Controll) in the response time of young hookah players. The research community was determined by the players of the Karbala Governorate clubs for the blind arm, the youth category, which numbered (10) players. In the style of equal groups with tribal and remote measurements, and this is what you see consistent and consistent with the specifications of her research and the achievement of the objectives of her study. The researchers reached the following conclusions that the prepared exercises had a positive effect in the development of the response time for the players of the young fencer players, and the rate of development of the response time with the young fencer players was greater in the experimental group compared to the control group.

The aim of the research is to identify the impact of compound skill exercises in developing agility and scoring skill within the foot of young football players, where the researchers, using the experimental method, designed equal groups with pre- and post-tests for the society and sample of the research, which numbered (23) players, divided into each group (7) players. compound skill exercises were prepared in proportion to the football game, where the experimental group applied the exercises that were prepared for developing agility and the skill of scoring inside the foot, while the control group applied the curriculum prepared for it by its coach. The exercises included (24) training units, and it took The exercises are (8) weeks, with (3) training units per week. Each training unit included 3 exercises. The researchers also assumed to identify the preference of differences between the experimental and control groups in the development of agility and the skill of scoring inside the foot for football players under 19 years, develop the skill of scoring inside the foot.

The current research aims to prepare educational units with the blended education strategy learning short serve skill of badminton for female students, to identify the effect of the blended education strategy learning short serve skill of badminton for female students students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Babylon, and to identify the preference for the effect between the control and experimental groups learning short serve skill of badminton for female students students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Science at the University of Babylon. The researcher used the experimental method to suit the nature, objectives and problem of the research, using the experimental design with two equal groups (experimental and control) with pre- and post-test. The research population included the students of the first study stage in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Babylon for the academic year (2020 - 2120), and they numbered (45) students. The main focus was on the control and experimental groups, at the rate of (15) students per group. The researchers concluded that there is an effect of the blended education strategy learning short serve skill of badminton for female students students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Babylon.

The aim of the research is to identify the role of sports marketing in the football clubs participating in the Premier League according to the opinion of the members of the Central Federation and the Football Sub-Federations. 20) paragraph, while the research community was from the members of the central union and sub-federations of football, as the number of federations was (18) and their total number reached (103). 50) and the sample of the application (40), the statistical program (spss) was used in data processing, the results showed that the media had an impact on the success of the marketing process, indicating that the clubs did not exploit it well in marketing and their services, thus leading to an increase in the level of financial income for them. The sample members about the policies and systems related to sports marketing and the results showed that their role is weak, and the role of sports marketing methods used by clubs to achieve self-financing is weak.

The research aims to identify a relationship between the explosive force and the serve reception in volleyball from a sitting position, and the researcher used the descriptive approach in the style of correlational relations. The research sample was deliberately selected for volleyball players from the sitting position / Nineveh team, which numbered (10) players. The conclusions were reached, which is an increase in the success rate of the serve reception in volleyball from a sitting position by increasing the explosive power of the sample members, and that the relationship between the two variables was significant, so the researcher recommended paying attention to developing the explosive power of volleyball players

The research aims to identify the effect of a proposed training curriculum in developing the explosive strength of volleyball players from a sitting position and to detect the differences in developing the explosive strength of the arms of volleyball players from a sitting position between the pre and post tests for the experimental and control groups. The researcher used the experimental method, and the sample was chosen in a deliberate way from the volleyball players from the sitting position / Nineveh team in Mosul Governorate. The main research sample was (12) players, two for the exploratory experiment, five players for the experimental group, and five players for the control group. The researcher concluded that resistance training (TRX) achieved a development in the explosive strength of the arms for volleyball players from a sitting position and that resistance training (TRX) developed other elements for volleyball players from a sitting position. The researcher recommends using resistance exercises with rubber ropes (TRX) to develop the explosive power of the arms For volleyball players from a sitting position and the use of resistance exercises (TRX) to develop other elements that the researcher did not address for volleyball players from a sitting position, and the coach can use different types of training by means of rubber ropes (TRX).