Ibn Al-Haitham Journal For Pure and Applied Sciences

The present research deals with the species Dionysia odora Fenzl.
(synoname:Dionysia michauxii) it covers all its attributed and detailed. The plants are studied
in the college of Agriculture/University of Sulaimaniya Herbarium. The Palynology, Ecology
was given also. The specimens of the plant collected and identified by Saman Abdulrahmad
Ahmad.

Histological changes of gills and liver in gold fish (Carassius auratus) which caused
by different concentrations (10, 20, 30 mg/L) of hexavalent chromium have been investigated.
Results of the study revealed some histological changes in gills represented by
hypertrophy of gill lamellae, enlargement of chloride cell, increasing the number of mucous
cells, dilation of blood vessels, infiltration of lymphocytes, congestion in blood vessels,
hyperplasia, hemorrhage and necrosis.
On the other hand the histological changes in liver represented by fatty degeneration,
enlargement of hepatocytes, congestion in central vein, hemorrhage and necrosis, in addition
to the fibrosis in the blood vessels walls. The results showed that the histological changes
were increased with the increasing of concentrations in comparison with control groups.

This study was carried out to investigate the relationship between Serum leptin, Body Mass Index
(BMI), T riglycerides, Cholesterol and HDL- Cholesterol in Non Diabetic Obese subjects comparing with
healthy subject. A 36 male and female Iraqis obese were studied, mean age 50.1, 43.3 years respectively
and 23 healthy subjects. Serum leptin, T riglycerides, Cholesterol and HDL- Cholesterol were measured.
Leptin, T riglycerides, Cholesterol, HDL- Cholesterol and BMI significantly increased in obese males and
females compared with control, but there was no significant difference in HDL- Cholesterol and BMI
when compared between obese males and females. A low significant positive correlation was found
between leptin and HDL- Cholesterol, and no significant difference between leptin and other types of
lipids. The findings suggested that serum leptin concentrat ion topmost in obese subjects with noticeable
effect on lipid metabolism.

Three nematodes : Amidostomum acutum , Epomidiostomum uncinatum and Hadjelia
truncata , were recovered from the gizzards of wintering mallard collected at two sites in central
Iraq. A brief description of the parasites along with some notes on their infection rate, prevalence
and discussion with the pertinent literature are provided.

Smoking has been accepted as a risk factor for many chronic diseases, including
cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, cancer, ulcers and osteoporosis. Tobacco
smoke contains many oxidants and free radicals that can cause damage to lipids, proteins,
DNA, carbohydrates and other biomolecules. In vivo, antioxidant nutrients which include
vitamin C, selenium (Se), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) play a crucial role in defending
against oxidant damage. The present study was designed to investigate the influence of
cigarette smoking on serum Zn, Cu ,PCV,W.B.Cs., and BMI. Eighty healthy men (40
smokers and 40 non-smokers) from Baghdad, the capital of Iraq, volunteered to
participate in this study. Two overnight fasting blood samples were collected from all
volunteers. Serum concentrations of trace elements were measured by atomic absorption
spectrophotometer. The statistical method of t-test and ANOVA was used to identify
differences between the cigarette’
s smoker and non-smoker group. Mean body mass
index (BMI) was different for the smoker and non-smoker group. Mean of PCV for
smoker was significantly (p<0.01) higher than those of non-smokers. The mean count of
W.B.Cs., was similar for both smokers and non-smokers The serum zinc levels of
smokers were significantly (P<0.05) lower than those of non-smokers. Smokers had
significantly no difference in serum copper concentration compared with non-smokers.

The study included evaluation of cell surface charge and hydrophobicity of Escherichia
coli, Klebsilla aerogenes, Proteus spp, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus epidermidis,
Staphylococcus aureus(1) and Staphylococcus aureus(2) were determined by hydrocarbon
adherence and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. The results showed that the negative
charge of cell surface of gram negative bacteria was much higher than on gram positive once
when these bacteria were grown on nutrient agar at 37 c for 18 h . E.coli was more negative
charged than Klebsilla aerogenes and Proteus spp. The hydrophobicity of gram positive bacteria
was much higher than of gram negative once, and S. epidermidis was more than S. aureus(1)
B.cereus. and S.aureus (2) . The hydrophobic characteristics was quite different when these
bacteria were grown on nutrient broth in comparison with nutrient ager. However the
hydrophobic character was lower in non-capsulated and sporalated bacteria than the capsulated
and sporalated at 48 h.

This experiment was carried out in the field of researches in Kalar Technical Institute
/ Field crop dept. The aim of the research is to study the effect of foliar sprays of different
concentrations of Gibberellic acid on growth and some physiological characterizes in Carrot
plant (local white cultivar). The experiment treatments included three concentrations of
Gibberellic acid (0, 50 and 100 ppm) and were carried out as applicable agricultural project
(3×4). And the results were recorded as follows:
In using the Gibberellic acid concentration at (50 ppm) led to increase significantly the
studied characteristics particularly plant height cm, number of branch/ plant, number of
flower/ plant, shoot fresh weight (gm), fresh weight of biological weight gm/plant, shoot dry
weight (gm), dry weight of biological weight gm/plant, chlorophyll content (µg/cm2), when
compared with the other concentrations levels and controlling plants. And GA3 decreases
significantly some of the studied characteristics as root fresh weight (gm), root dry weight
(gm) and soluble carbohydrate which that compared with the controlling plants.

اظهر عمالاست راشح خمیرة الخبز الجافة cerevisiae Saccharomyces قدرة على تثبیط نمو
رالفط .sp Fusarium) لدى تنمیتها في وسط السابروید السائل وبتراكیز مختلفة 1،3،5 وظهر أعلى تثبیط لقطر % )
(رة الفطر مستعم 24.5 تركیز عمالملم عند أست) 5 (في وسط % PDA) مقارنة مع معاملة السیطرة ) 36.5 وفي الیوم ملم )
من الحضن السابع . راشح عزلة بكتیریا حامض اللاكتیك عمالعند است plantarum Lactobacillus بالخلط مع الوسط
ً (الزرعي PDA تجاه فطر )
ً لوحظ تأثیرا spp Fusarium ا أعلى من الر ً تثبیطا
اشح وقد تم تركیز راشح العزلة وأعطى تأثیر
(بكتیریا حامض اللاكتیك في وسط مع خمیرة الخبز تم تنمیة.غیر المركز تجاه الفطر نفسه GYE زمنیة مددالسائل ول)
( 48, 2472, ضد فطر الناتج راشح للالفعالیة التثبیطیة اختبرتساعة، وقد ) Fusarium اظهرت یثح ذإ، مدة سبعة أیام
(بعد نموالفطر النتائج تثبیط 48،72 .من الحضانة س

This study aimed to collected 150 feces sample from calves suffering sever diarrhea
,then there were isolation and purification of Cryptosporidium parvum oocyst from samples
contain it. These oocysts were used to induce experimental infection in the
Immunosupperessed mice, then the mice treated by Bifidium bacteria , its supernatant and
local yogurt were used for bacterial isolation.
This study showed that the local yogurt was the best treatment which led to stop oocyst
shedding from the mice in the 8th day after treatment under sufficient treatment (89.72%) , at
the same time the mice treated with bacteria stopped the oocyst shedding in the 9th day with
sufficient treatment (81.40 %) , while its supernatant were stopped the oocysts shedding in the
10th day with sufficient treatment (43.4%).

رئات الفئران هو البحث ان هدف
(عینة الدراسة شملت. البیض ومعرفة التركیز الامثل الذي عند تناوله لا یحدث تغیرات جانبیة 24 بعمر رآفأرا ابیضا ذك)
حوالي 3 جرعت فئران . ربع مجامیع ضمت كل مجموعة ستة فئرانألى قسمت الحیوانات بصورة عشوائیة ع. اشهر
المجموعة الاولى والثانیة والثالثة یومیا ولمدة سبعة ایام متتالیة بواحد مللیلتر من المستخلص المائي للنعناع بتراكیز
3 %، 5 %، 10 فجرعت بواحد مللیلتر ماء مقطر ) مجموعة التحكم (اما فئران المجموعة الرابعة . ماء مقطر على التوالي %
الحیوانات بأستعمال الخلع العنقي ثم شرحت الحیوانات مباشرة وأستؤصلت توفي الیوم الثامن قتل نفسها طریقة التجریعبو
(الرئتان ووضعت مباشرة في مثبت الفورمالین 10 اشارت نتائج الفحص النسجي لرئات . ضیر الشرائح المجهریة لتح%)
الحیوانات التجریبیة الى ان تركیز 10 ماء مقطر له تأثیرات سلبیة شدیدة في نسیج الرئة اكثر من التركیزین %
3 %، 5 زیادة في حجم الاسناخ الرئویة النتائج ظهرتا اذماء مقطر % alveoli واحتقان ،وتمزق جدرانها، واتساعها
نابیب الشعریة الرئویةالا capillaries alveolar الاسناخ الرئویة وجدرانها بالخلایا الالتهابیة،وارتشاح inflammatory
cells فضلا عن ارتشاح جدران تفرعات القصیبة النهائیة bronchiol terminal بالخلایا الالتهابیة
وتنكسdegeneration غالبیةالنسیج الظهاري tissue epithelial .