Wasit Journal Of Sports Sciences

The importance of research lies in developing basketball players with the skill of handoff and distinctive strength in speed for the hands and legs, for the purpose of reaching the required level and achieving success. The current research aims to prepare quality exercises and apply them to basketball players under the age of 18, and to know the impact of exercises on the distinctive strength of speed for the hands and legs and the skill of handoff. To achieve this goal, the researchers used the experimental method, and designed two equivalent groups to match the nature of the research problem. The research community is represented by the National Center for Gifted Care and the Specialized School for Basketball for ages under 18 in Muthanna Governorate, consisting of 17 players. Using random method, 12 players were selected to represent the research sample, which was divided into two groups: control and experimental, with 6 players in each group. The researchers began implementing specialized exercises on the experimental group sample for a period of 8 weeks, with 3 training units per week. The researchers concluded that the specialized exercises had a positive effect on developing distinctive strength and speed for both hands and legs, as well as handoff skills in basketball for individuals under 18 years old. The experimental group outperformed the control group in all subsequent tests of the variables

The importance of research lies in two theoretical and practical directions, as the theoretical direction may help in the availability of a scale of reflections on Law (24) on the administrative performance of Iraqi federations, which is based in Iraq on scientific foundations and in several fields to diagnose the weaknesses and strengths of the administrative performance of those federations. The practical importance is that it may help those involved in preparing sports laws drafts to review Law (24) in light of the results expected from this research in order to modify them in accordance with the aspirations of administrative performance.
The research aims to build a specialized scale to avoid unwise judgments in the strength and weakness of administrative performance under Law (24), and what is reflected from this law on the administrative performance of Iraqi federations. The researchers used the descriptive method with the survey style to suit the nature of the problem. The research sample consisted of (8) individuals who were selected randomly Translation : The scale consists of eleven items from the special items of the construction of the administrative performance scale, taken from the objectives of the Sports Federations Law (24) for the year 2021. Six areas out of eleven were selected, followed by the selection of scale items and determination of the apparent goal for building the scale. 42 items were selected, and the researcher adopted the method of paper and pencil in measuring the graded weights to calculate the correction score alternatives. The items are in descending order (5, 4, 3, 2, 1), so the higher the score and positivity of the respondent, the higher the positive score. The scale was distributed to the administrative members, with a total of 210 out of 398 members randomly chosen for the period from 13/3/2023 to ¾/2023, to determine the validity of the construction of the scale analysis items. The researchers concluded the validity of this scale on administrative performance and its positive impact on the administrative performance of the administrative federations

The importance of the study lies in using the strategy of cognitive journeys through carefully selected resources and websites prepared in advance by the teacher, who provides students with tasks that enable them to build and acquire knowledge using higher-order thinking skills, as the main research problem was the existence of a weakness in creative thinking and the skill of serving in volleyball For middle school students, so the researcher decided to delve into this problem and identify the causes, as well as try to develop appropriate solutions in order to raise the level of learning this skill. The research methodology and its sample, the researcher used the experimental approach due to its suitability to the nature of the problem to be solved, while the research sample consisted of students of the second intermediate grade (m / first of June) whose number was (40) students, and it was divided into two groups, an experimental and a control group, each group consisting of (20 students). As the implementation of the curriculum began on Monday 28/11/2022, and it will be completed on Monday 9/1/2023. Based on what the research results revealed, the researcher reached the following conclusions and recommendations: the emergence of preference for the impact of the use of cognitive trips and their effectiveness on the approach taken in creative thinking and learning the skill of serving in volleyball. And be an essential part of the content of the curriculum, and the need to use the strategy of knowledge trips in learning other skills in volleyball.
Keywords: educational units, cognitive trips, creative thinking

The information that a student or athlete acquires is the basis on which their progress in practical skills is built and applied effectively. The need to focus on other complementary and effective elements for both the coach and the teacher has emerged. One of the most important of these elements is the psychological mobilization methods using mental abilities and dealing with them as sports skills that the athlete must possess in order to improve and develop their level. The aim of the research was to measure the psychological and cognitive skills of basic skills in rhythmic gymnastics, and to identify the relationship between psychological and cognitive skills of basic skills in rhythmic gymnastics. The researcher used the descriptive method and the research sample consisted of second-year female students at the College of Physical Education and Sports Science / Al-Mustansiriya University, totaling (64) students for the academic year 2022-2023, from December 15, 2022 to January 29, 2023. Based on the results that appeared, the researcher concluded that psychological skills have mental abilities that affect the level of cognitive achievement in rhythmic gymnastics. There are different levels of differences among the research sample of female students in mental skills such as mental imagery, attentional focus, and anxiety, while no significant differences were found in other psychological skills. The researcher recommended working on developing and enhancing psychological skills through continuous education and psychological preparation of students in various sports, including rhythmic gymnastics, and emphasizing the importance of psychological mobilization in the level of sports performance and achievement through guidance, training, and development courses organized by sports federations for coaches and teachers alike.

The research aims to build and codify tests and set standard scores and levels for complex tests (physical - skill) according to the time of the phosphate energy system for basketball players ages (17_19) years.
To achieve the goal, the researchers used the descriptive approach in the survey method to suit it with the research problem, and the research community included basketball players for Iraqi clubs at the ages of (17_19 years) distributed over (12) clubs They are the clubs (oil, air defense, electricity, Zakho, North Gas, North Oil, Hilla, Tadamon, Karkh, Police, Al-Hashd Al-Shaabi and Dijla Al-Jama’a). and their number is (140) players and they are the community of origin, and the sample was chosen by the intentional method from (10 ) clubs, whose number is (120) players, who represent (85.71%) of the community of origin, and (5) players were selected for the sample of the reconnaissance experiment, and (80) players were selected for the construction sample, and (10) players were taken for the scientific foundations sample from the construction sample, while the sample The rationing consisted of (100) players, and after the (3) tests were determined, and by conducting exploratory experiments, the validity of the tests was confirmed and their scientific characteristics (honesty, reliability, and objectivity) were confirmed, as well as their ability to distinguish the research sample, and statistical treatments were conducted. The two researchers concluded that the composite tests are an objective test because they are more realistic when evaluating the game of basketball, and contribute to raising the levels of abilities (physical_skills) in the basketball subject of the research. The task is to select players who are qualified to represent the national basketball team, and to build other composite tests on age groups other than the current research sample, as well as the capabilities (physical_skill) that pertain to the lactic system.

The research aims to explore the effectiveness of using the Numbered Heads strategy in improving social intelligence and learning the skills of handling and high jump shooting with a handball for students aged 15-16, as well as determining which is better (the Numbered Heads strategy or the traditional method) in the study variables. The researcher used the experimental method because it is suitable for the nature of the research. The research sample consisted of 30 fourth-grade students from the Suez Preparatory School for Boys, divided into two groups of 15 students each. The pre-tests were conducted on both groups in social intelligence and handling and high jump shooting with a handball. The Numbered Heads strategy was applied to the experimental group, while the traditional method was applied to the control group. The researcher concluded that the Numbered Heads strategy has a positive effectiveness in improving social intelligence and learning the skills of handling and high jump shooting with a handball for students. The researcher recommended using this strategy in other skills and activities and emphasizing all handball skills in order to achieve the best levels

Illustrations are considered one of the helpful means and one of the important pillars for learning, as illustration helps students prepare for learning more difficult concepts. Gymnastics skills help to strengthen muscles, develop motor skills, train coordination and balance. The importance of research lies in the necessity of teaching children basic skills in artistic gymnastics in a special way, and that the age of children is suitable for learning such skills because of their flexibility during performance. The aim of the research is to prepare educational units using illustrations to learn some basic skills in gymnastics and to know their impact on fourth-grade students. The researcher chose the experimental method to suit the nature of the problem, and the research sample consisted of 20 male and female students at Al-Azhar Primary School in Baghdad / Karkh Al-Awwal. The main experiment was carried out over 8 weeks, with one educational unit per week, for a total of 8 educational units for the research sample. The researcher concluded that illustrations have a significant and effective impact on teaching students sports culture and acquiring information about gymnastics and its skills. The researcher recommends the use of educational illustrations in attractive colors to teach young students properly

The research problem is manifested by the presence of a weakness in mental alertness among basketball players in general, and especially first-year students. Through the researchers' follow-up of the game, as they are former players and referees, they noticed that many students find it difficult to perform basketball skills and cooperate with each other as players, which creates a great effort for the teacher to succeed in the teaching process during the allotted time for the weekly lecture, which requires repeated repetition, leading to increased effort and a lot of time wasted. The research aims to prepare a scale for developing mental alertness in basketball for students, preparing educational units using the strategy of overlapping waves for students, and recognizing the effect of using the strategy of overlapping waves in developing mental alertness and teaching some basic basketball skills for students. The researchers used an experimental approach and chose a pre- and post-test experimental design to assess the effects of an interleaved practice strategy on the cognitive vigilance and offensive skills in basketball. The research population consisted of first-year morning students at the College of Physical Education and Sports Science, Wasit University for the academic year 2002-2003, totaling 75 students divided into four study groups (B, C, D, and E). The researchers selected group C as the experimental group and group D as the control group, with 18 students in each group. The survey sample consisted of 10 students from outside the main sample. The researchers concluded that the interleaved practice strategy improved accuracy in shooting skills in basketball for the experimental group.

Organizational Success Is One Of The Administrative Concepts That Entered The Modern Administration, As It Is An Administrative Work That Was Well Planned According To Well-Studied Objectives, And The Work Was Successfully Implemented And Mastered. The Current Study Aims To Build A Measure Of Organizational Success And To Identify The Impact Of Organizational Success On Setting Up University Scout Camps. The Researcher Used The Descriptive Survey Method. The Research Sample Consisted Of Workers In Scouting Activity In Iraqi Universities. The Study Tool Included (28) Phrases, And the Five Alternatives to the Scale Were Given. The Study Reached The Most Important Results And Recommendations: - Owning Scout Activity Workers with a High Level of Organizational Success. - The Organizational Success Has An Impact On The Success Of The University Scout Camps. The Intensification Of Efforts, Division Of Roles And Good Planning By Those In Charge Of Setting Up University Scout Camps Helped To Achieve Organizational Success. One of the Most Important Recommendations : - Introducing modern administrative concepts to the reality of scout camps. - Evaluate the performance and extent of development of scout camps and compare them with previous years. - Conducting empirical research on the requirements for the continuity of success of the annual scout camps held in Iraqi universities.

Since ancient times, sport has been considered one of the most important forms of entertainment, and it has played an important role in people's daily lives, and this is especially true in the Abbasid era during the reign of Caliph Harun al-Rashid (170-193 AH) when history presented a variety of sporting activities and the Arab-Islamic civilization which reached its peak during this important historical period. Since religion was a major factor in the development of this period, sports were especially Muslims who practiced recreational activities for the sake of entertainment. True Islam did not prevent them from doing so, whether it was practiced by the public, private, or the caliphs themselves. Sports were extremely popular during the Abbasid era, and Al-Rashid was the first Khalifa used Mars for a range of sporting activities.

Healthy fitness contributes to improving the level and ability of the individual from the health and psychological point of view by directly affecting the organs and functional organs of the body, Since women have become aware of the importance of practicing exercise in order to obtain a graceful figure in addition to general health, which must be used by the correct scientific method within the fitness centers and used by the trainers of the centers. In this research, we try to find the best training method for use by the trainers and Trainers in fitness centers to get the best result in the shortest possible time and in a way that helps reduce weight and get a healthy fit and know the effect of improving the level of health fitness for women. Through the preparation and design of two training methods, the aim of the research is to prepare a training curriculum using weight training and prepare a training curriculum using treadmill training to develop the health fitness of female participants in fitness centers and to identify the effect of using weight exercises or the effect of using treadmill training to develop health fitness among female participants in fitness centers .The experimental approach is used due to its suitability to the nature of the research, and the sample included (16) participants, and the training program was applied at a rate of three training units per week, and the researchers treated the results statistically using the spss statistical bag.
The researchers concluded a number of conclusions, including: The weight training method or the treadmill training method played a role in reducing excess weight in the body or raising healthy fitness, and the results were positive. The weight training program had a role in raising the level of cardiorespiratory fitness on the treadmill group, and in the same variable the treadmill group. More improved than the weight group. Weight training has developed the elements of healthy fitness, which are cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, flexibility and agility. The use of the training prepared by the researchers in the periodic training method developed the variables under study in the research sample, the superiority of (ie, the experimental group, the first or the second) over (the second group, which is the treadmill) in the post-test as a result of the effectiveness of the program used by the researchers

The research aims to uncover the impact of intensive exercise scheduling using the approximate rest-performance approach on learning the skill of layup shooting in basketball. The researchers used the experimental method to suit the nature and problem of the research. The research community consisted of first-year students in the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, College of Basic Education, University of Mosul for the academic year (2021-2022), totaling 75 students. The research sample was deliberately selected from 16 students. The researchers used skill tests to measure the research objectives, and the validity and reliability of the tests were verified using appropriate statistical methods. The results of the study indicated the following conclusion: The educational program with intensive exercise scheduling using rest periods approximating performance periods had an impact on learning the skill of layup shooting in basketball. The researchers recommended using educational methods specific to intensive exercise scheduling with its various techniques on a sample of female students.

The research problem was manifested as there are no compound tests that measure two characteristics at the same time. Therefore, the researcher wanted to find a measurement method that measures two important kinetic characteristics in this sport using an accurate method, as the touch in the weapon cannot be determined because it depends on the agility of movement and the weapon fly is very small, which is the light signal with the bell. And the timing, as for the balance of the armed arm, is that it does not exceed the target area, because any enlargement in the target circle allows the opponent to penetrate and take a touch on it. For this, the question is, does the combined test measure the two motor characteristics (balance of the armed arm and accuracy)? The aim of the research is to build and codify a composite test that measures the two motor characteristics (balance The armed arm and accuracy) of the fencing weapon, the researcher conducted the exploratory experiment, then confirmed the scientific foundations and scientific transactions, and after confirming the validity and stability of the test, they applied the test, extracted the levels and standards, and recommended the adoption of the composite test to measure the balance of the armed arm and the accuracy of the challenge, and circulated it to all coaches to select players.

The problem of the research lies in improving the emotional discharge among indoor soccer players and the extent to which the guidance program affects emotional discharge and the performance of players in some complex offensive skills in indoor soccer. The aim of the research is to build a scale for emotional discharge among indoor soccer club players and to build a guidance program to improve emotional discharge and determine the impact of the guidance program on the performance of indoor soccer club players. The researcher used the experimental method and the research community was deliberately identified from indoor soccer players, totaling 224. The research sample consisted of 28 players, 14 experimental groups, and 14 control groups. The results were then analyzed and the data was processed. The guidance program proved its effectiveness in strengthening the players' personalities. The researcher recommended adopting the guidance program in all games, using the scale in other fields, and using the guidance program in treating psychological cases. Further studies should be conducted on the psychological conditions of players, and coaches in sports institutions are encouraged to benefit from the guidance program and use it to enhance and improve the ongoing research on complex offensive skills in indoor soccer.

The aim of the study is to design a training program that helps players to improve the accuracy of free-throw shooting through the use of auxiliary tools and by strengthening the muscles working in the performance of the free-throw skill. The study used the experimental method, and the research sample included 36 male and female basketball players from clubs in Lattakia (under 16 years old), where the sample was divided into two homogeneous groups (control and experimental). The proposed program was evaluated by a group of experts before its application and an equivalence test was conducted on the research sample for: First: the accuracy of shooting for the free throw. Second: The angles of shooting for the free throw by analyzing the skill performance of shooting from stability using the Kinovia program for kinetic analysis. Third: Registration rate (achievement) The study concluded that the use of the proposed training program based on the use of auxiliary tools (medical balls - a ball larger than the size of a basketball - a small ball fixed in the center of the ring for easy shooting at a target – Small basketball ring smaller than the approved size- Forearm triangle) in order to reach the ideal angles by strengthening the working muscles and helping to perform the free throw skill It led to an improvement in the kinematics of the free-throw movement, in addition to an increase in the accuracy of shooting and the rate of recording.

Women's sports have a prominent place in modern competitions, as evidenced by the numbers achieved in women's sporting events. The increase in the women's Olympic program is a strong proof of this. Many events have entered the Olympic Games, and some women have achieved better results than men in certain sports. Although these cases may be individual, this development cannot be considered a mere coincidence. The aim of the research is to understand the relationship between the girls' sports club and the institutions and society in the city of Mosul. As for the research methodology, the researchers used the historical research method, which involves collecting elements and their causes that led to past events. The researchers concluded that women's sports have a prominent position in modern competitions, as evidenced by the numbers achieved in women's sports events. The researchers concluded that there was no specialized sports club in the city of Mosul that brought together different sports and included coaches, players, administrators, and a public body in all sports, even the ones that the youth of Mosul were interested in. Sporting activities were limited to the activities and races organized by the Mosul Education Directorate, the army, the police, and some government institutions at that time. The establishment of girls' clubs in Iraq began with the idea initiated by the Women's Sports Federation in the Iraqi National Olympic Committee to form clubs for girls in all Iraqi provinces. As for the research recommendations, they emphasized the importance of focusing on women's sports in Iraq in general and in Nineveh province in particular. They also stressed the need to continue providing financial and logistical support and developing the women's aspect in the sports field to assume the sports and administrative responsibilities in women's federations and sports clubs.

The health culture is a continuous process based on a set of basic knowledge aimed at changing individuals' behavior and making them more interested in their health by following a certain method in directing health information to all people, regardless of their ages. It is also a set of organized and studied awareness-raising means and procedures aimed at individuals in the community to form a supportive influential force that enhances the societal view of health issues and practices, changes wrong ideas and information adopted by some, and then turns these ideas into behaviors that contribute to preventing exposure to diseases of all kinds.
The research aims to identify the relationship between health culture and common diseases (diabetes, high blood pressure, obesity) among the local community of Wasit Province. The researcher used the descriptive method in a correlational approach to fit the research problem and achieve its goal, and the research community consisted of the local community of Wasit Province, while the research sample consisted of (135) individuals with diseases (diabetes, obesity, high blood pressure). The most important results that the researchers reached are that there is a non-significant correlation between health culture and common diseases (diabetes, obesity, high blood pressure) among the local community of Wasit Province, and the lack of health culture among individuals also contributes to the spread of unhealthy dietary habits and lack of exercise. The researchers recommended the necessity of educating individuals on the concepts of health culture and public health priorities, and helping them to identify prevalent diseases and important methods of prevention.

The research aims to identify the values of leisure time management and social interaction among students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Sulaimaniyah, and to determine the type of relationship between leisure time management and social interaction among the research sample. The research community was selected from students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Sulaimaniyah for the academic year 2022-2023. The research sample was selected by the researcher from students of the first, second, third, and fourth stages, intentionally. The number of participants was 187 students, and 7 students were excluded from the research sample, resulting in a sample percentage of 96%, which is a suitable percentage for study. The researcher used the descriptive method with the correlational relationships approach, as it is suitable for the nature of the research. The researcher concluded that the individuals in the research sample have a moderate level of leisure time management among students of the Department of Physical Education at the College of Education at the University of Sulaimaniyah, and the individuals in the research sample have a moderate degree of social interaction among students of the Department of Physical Education at the College of Education at the University of Sulaimaniyah. There is a non-significant correlation between leisure time management and social interaction among the research sample. The researcher recommends generalizing the results of this study to the research sample in order to enhance and develop the positive points, and the importance of paying attention to leisure time management with social interaction among students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences.

The aim of the research is to identify the motivational trait and its relationship to the performance of the skill of defending the court, and the imposition of the research is that there are statistically significant differences between the motivational trait and the performance of the skill of defending the court of the players of the University of Baghdad volleyball team. The research included (12) players for the Baghdad University team / volleyball, while the research sample was (12) for the player, and the research sample constituted (100%). The most important conclusions are that the players of the University of Baghdad volleyball team enjoy positive motivational features. The two researchers also concluded that there is a strong relationship between motivational traits and the skill of defending the court in volleyball. The most important recommendations are to work on developing motivational traits through opening courses and holding sports tournaments

The aim of the research is to identify the relationship between some physical abilities and scoring skill among the players of the Specialized Talent Center/ Rusafa football, the researcher used the descriptive research method in the style of correlational relationships, and the sample was selected from the players of the Specialized Talent Center/ Rusafa aged 13-14 years in football, and the researcher conducted homogeneity for them on the one hand Age, height, weight and training age, and determine the most important physical abilities and basic skills through a form that was distributed to the relevant experts, and the law of the correlation coefficient was used to find the relationship between physical abilities and basic skills, and the researcher came out with several conclusions, including a strong correlation between explosive power and the power characteristic of speed with scoring skill with some basic skills for the members of the research sample, and this indicates that there is a positive factor indicating the quality of training provided to the players, which means that it must be attention Especially in the development of these capabilities that

The study aims to identify the level of psychological compatibility of all types, family compatibility, health ,emotional ,and social among female students specializing in artistic exercises ,as well as knowing the relation ship between the four types of psychological compatibility and the level of skillful performance of leaps in exercises ,the researcher chose the sample by the intentional method for all female students specializing in exerses, and their number was 15 student, and the research used psychological compatibility tests to measure compatibility and skill performance tests for leaps in exercises .the results revealed that family compatibility was superior to other types of compatibility, and there was a positive correlation between the psychological compatibility and the level of performance for some jumps, the researcher recommended the necessity of psychological preparation when training and learning female students during lectures, and researching psychological factors to develop the training process for female students.

The importance of research comes through finding a test that is presented to those involved in sports training, especially handball, that allows them to measure the endurance of complex offensive skills in handball and gives a true picture of the player's ability and differences between them and their teammates, as well as showing the progress in this performance. The purpose of the research is to design and standardize a test to measure the endurance of complex offensive skills in handball for applicants, and to find levels and criteria for evaluating the endurance of complex offensive skills in handball for applicants. The researcher used the descriptive method with a survey style to solve the research problem and achieve its objectives. The research community was deliberately identified from advanced handball players in the southern region clubs in Iraq, excluding goalkeepers, and the total number was (68). The research sample consisted of (60) players representing the construction and exploratory survey samples. The most important conclusion reached by the researcher was that the test designed by the researcher is capable of detecting the level of endurance of complex offensive skills in handball for applicants. The researcher recommended adopting the current test to assist coaches in evaluating the level of their players' performance in the complex skill performance.

The approach is considered a means of education and the foundation upon which it is based, and it is the vital point that connects the learner with the surrounding world. It is also the means by which the people achieve their goals and aspirations. Therefore, the modern approach emphasizes the importance of the learner and their positivity, urging them to cooperate and encouraging them to criticize while considering the individual differences between students. It trains them on democratic methods and develops their tendencies, skills, and educational orientations. The aim of the study is to identify the impact of classroom dialogue and small groups on the academic achievement of third-stage students in the Teaching Methods subject at the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Al-Muthanna. The researcher used the experimental method with equivalent groups and intentionally chose the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Al-Muthanna to apply their experiment.
The researcher chose branch (A) for female students to represent the first experimental research sample randomly, where its students will study the subject of football through classroom dialogue. The number of students in this group is 20. The second group, which is branch (C), will study the subject of football using small group discussions, and the number of students in this group is also 20. The control group, which is branch (B), will study the subject of football using traditional teaching methods, and it consists of 20 students, representing 40% of the original community in the third stage. The study concluded that using the methods of classroom dialogue and small group discussions is preferred over the lecture method in enhancing academic achievement during the teaching of football among third-stage students at the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences. The study recommended emphasizing the use of modern teaching methods such as classroom dialogue and small group discussions in teaching football due to their importance in enhancing students' academic achievement.