Journal of Kerbala University

This study was conducted to apply glazing on dates fruit. It was conducted through heat treatment and dipping in glazing solution . The dates were stored for 6 month in refrigeration. Three cultivars of dates (Azraq azraq, Ibraheemi and Zahdi ) were obtained From the Iraq Company for dates marketing this company was granted ISO Certificate ,and this work was conducted in their establishment. Dates were fumigated with 1% methyl bromide as insecticide, then sorted, cleaned, washed, and drained . The dates exposed to heat (120,125,130C°) for 10 min . then dipped either in : 5% glycerol or 20% Dibis, or 5% glycerol +20% Dibis, or 5% glycerol +20% Glucose syrup . The dates were packed in polyethylene packages of 200g each and stored at 5 C°. Microbiological determination were also conducted on control and the treated samples . As for microbiological investigation the heat treatment and glazing had a pronounced effect on number of bacteria , yeast& mold in comparison with the control. The number of bacteria after treatment ranged 30.33-35.33×101 CFU/g fruit. As for yeast & mold the number ranged between 9.0-15.33×102 CFU/g with the lowest for 120 and 130 C° with glazing with glycerol + Glucose syrup for Azraq.

Some of physical properties of xanthan cellulose gum (Xn) dissolves in distilled water had been studied at different concentrations (0.1, 0.2,…, 0.8)% g/mL before and after adding (0.25and 0.5) g of (TiO2) for all concentrations. The mechanical properties such as ultrasonic velocity has been measured by ultrasonic waves system at frequency( 25 kHz) and other mechanical properties have been calculated such as absorption coefficient of ultrasonic waves, relaxation time, relaxation amplitude, specific acoustic impedance, compressibility and bulk modules. The results show that all these properties are increase with the increasing of the polymer concentration except compressibility, also, the results show that when adding (TiO2) these properties are increasing except compressibility is decreasing. But adding (TiO2) to (Xn) enhances these properties.

This work presents an experimental and numerical study for predicting the indoor airflow and temperature distribution by adopting a displacement ventilation system within isothermal office room. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are used to simulate the indoor airflow and temperature distribution by using (FLUINT6.3.26) and (GAMBIT2.4.6) software for solving the Navier Stocks, energy and turbulence equations using finite volume techniques. Assessment was applied for different turbulent models (Standard K-Ɛ, RNG K-Ɛ, Realizable K-Ɛ, and SST K-ω) for a case study and its detailed geometry. The numerical results for the four turbulent models was compared with experimental readings. It was concluded that the (RNG K-Ɛ) turbulent model gives more accurate and acceptable results than the other three models.

The present study included 30 ovaries collected from 15 slaughter rabbits in animal house of the college of veterinary medicine, Baghdad University. Immediately, ovaries were preserved in phosphate buffer saline at 37 ͦC and transport to the laboratory with 1-2 hrs, oocytes collected by slicing ovary with an iris knife and release the follicular contents in 1ml TCM199 media. Only oocytes surrounded by cumulus cells and homologs cytoplasm were culture in culture media, then oocytes were divided in 3 groups, the 1st group (control group) incubated by using culture media only, the 2nd group, alcoholic extract of Licorice added to culture media at concentration of 25µg/ml, the 3rd group culture media was supplemented with alcoholic extract of licorice at concentration of 50µg/ml. Results of the current study revealed that the effect of alcoholic extract 50 µg/mg on the percentage of oocytes maturation was superior compared with other groups. It was also observable that the effect of adding alcoholic extract of Licorice to culture media TCM199 at two concentrations increased the percentage of mature oocyte compared with control group. In conclusion, the uses of alcoholic extract of licorice increase the percentage of oocytes maturation.

In the present work , the adoption of the program (Gaussian 09) to use the method of calculation the total (Ab initio of method) according to the Hartree – Fock method (RHF) , for the purpose of the expense of dimensional geometric ( lengths and angles bond) when the geometry of a balanced, functions thermodynamic, some physical properties, charges for Anesthesia [ Thiazol derivative] mono & bicyclic compounds.
The results study Heat formation(ΔHf0 (in kJ/mole) by using (semi-empirical method PM3 model in MOPAC) for these molecules and the results showed that the compound C7H8N2O3S(B) has less value which means high thermal stability than the other’s.
Calculation results have shown that the compound C7H6N2O2S9(D) is more activity because it has the lower value of ΔE and hardness ɳ and has high value of (Ѡ Electrophilicity) .
Also the results have shown that the compound C7H8N2O3S(B) has highest value of thermodynamic functions (E0 , H0 , G0 , A0 , CV , CP ,S0) The difference in results come according to the difference of substituted groups. The calculations were held in Karbala university.

Background: Brucella species are Gram negative, coccobacilli bacteria, facultative, intracellular organism, environmental persistence for temperature, pH, humidity, Frozen and aborted materials, they are multiple species of brucella some of them are highly weaponizable like B. sues.Brucellosis can affect any organ or system and 20-60% of cases are presented with osteoarticularcomplications(Arthritis, spondylitis,& osteomyelitis). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is commonly used to diagnose infectious diseases. The use of PCR for pathogens detection has high sensitivity, and high specificity, in diagnosis. PCR is the most useful assays for the diagnosis of human brucellosis.
Objective: The aim of this review was to clarify existence of pathogen of security concern like brucella spp. in biohazard region, in addition to select the most appropriate samples in diagnosis by QPCR and their relation to chronic ache.
Methodology: This study was conducted in the period between Jan. 2015 and June. 2015 in Al-Najaf city-Iraq/Al-Najaf medical private lab.this data were analysed by Chi square, Study group include 49 patients with chronic localized ache from those patients we toke 63 samples include blood, and/or tissue biopsy from site of pain, and/or CSF, blood samples were collected as 5 ml →2 ml in EDTA tube& 3 ml in serum tube, and CSF samples were collected in plane tube, while tissue biopsy submitted for DNA extraction as fresh samples immediately then these samples submitted for QPCR for diagnosis.

A new, simple, and rapid cloud point extraction (CPE) procedure system, combined with turbidity was created for particular partition, preconcentration, and determination of follow measures of aggregate barium in some ecological specimens. The methodology depends on the complexation of Ba(II) particles with chlorazol clear reagent within the sight of SDS as a non-ionic surfactant. The ideal conditions for the CPE of Ba(II) particles were explored as for a few trial parameters, for example, order addition , pH of the solution, SDS and chlorazol blank concentrations, incubation time and temperature, and effect of intervirrnses and time.
The detection limit for Ba(II) ions taking into account the 8 times the standard deviation of the blanks (N:8) was found to 0.004554μg mL−1, while the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 0.041514 . The proposed strategy was broke down for soil and water tests, which assembled from Environment Iraq , as guaranteed reference materials , were utilized, and spike tests were connected to accept the technique. The technique was connected to some genuine ecological examples to assess their aggregate barium levels. With respect to accomplished information, water and soil of contextual analysis is dirtied

A theoretical study in the present work involved program(Gaussian 03W) to use the method of calculating the total Semi-Empirical calculations(PM3 Method) of two benzohydrazide derivatives [N'-(4-aminobenzylidene) benzohydrazide] ,[ N'-(4-(dimethylamino benzylidene) benzohydrazide] , in order to elucidate the inhibition efficiencies and reactive sites of these compounds . They include calculations of dimensional geometry (lengths and bond angles) when the geometry of balanced. For these compounds some physical properties were calculated such as orbital energies (ELUMO, EHOMO), energy gap (ΔE), dipole moment (μ), IP (ionization energy) , hardness. Functions thermodynamic and IR intensity and absorption frequencies for tow compounds were also investigated. The purpose of this study to compare the possible sites for nucleophilic and electrophilic attacks and which compounds can be used anti-bacterial and anti-fungusthe . The results showed compound [ N'-(4-(dimethylamino benzyliden) benzohydrazide ] have lower electronegative, higher hardness(ɳ) ,lower energy gap (ΔE) , and high vibrational frequencies of IR absorption compared with the other compound, which may be used as a highest anti- inflammatory. this difference in this results come according to the effect of subsisted groups of studied compounds

This study was conducted in Ruminants Researches Station /Ministry of Agriculture. Study targeted some parameters of the live weight at slaughter and some non- carcass characteristics in 10 months aged Male goats. The characteristics were studied for 45 Cyprian , 25 Iraqi Local , 18 (Croosbred1) and 5 (Crossbred2) male goats which slaughtered and measured the weights of head, legs, pelt, heart, liver ,lungs and trachea ,spleen, kidneys and testes. The results of the non-carcass components for the different genetic groups (breeds) indicated that percentage of head , pelt, heart and (lungs &trachea %) of live weight at slaughter (LWS%) did not affected with breed , while legs%, was affected significantly (P≤0.01). The pelt and legs Empty Body Weight (EBW%) generated the same results of breed effect in LWS% . Breed effect was significant (P≤ 0.05) as effect on liver % (% of LWS) and lungs & trachea ( as % EBW) . Crossbred 2 generated the higher value significantly (P≤0.01) in the percentage of spleen from LWS. Effect of coat color was significant in some traits and non in others. Results indicated to possibility of some regression equations to used for predict the studied traits from live weight at slaughter.

The change of optical density in a pure bismuth silicate oxide crystal that exposed to the radiations with wavelengths (510, 530, 540 and 560nm) are studied. It was shown that the change of optical density in the crystal increase with decreased incident wavelengths. The effect of the intensity of the incident radiations on the change optical density is studied. The relaxation time of this crystal has been discussed.

Unsaturated polyester resin with fillers of kaolin samples were prepared by cast molding method for polyester with filler volume fractions (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%). The thermal conductivity constant, hardness, compression strength, porosity and density were studied. This experimental investigation is aimed at assessing the performance of polymeric insulators in high temperatures applications. Shore hardness tests were used to measure the hardness. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to study the bonds which enhanced the insulating properties of polyester material compounded with filler. Polymer composites Exhibits a new UV- visible absorption band at a wavelength range (200 -375) nm, which is attributed to interchain interaction .The thermal conductivity constant, hardness decrease with filler content increase. The experimental results showed that the (20% kaolin) sample has the minimum value of thermal conductivity. The porosity and density increase with filler content increase therefore the thermal isolation increase. On the other hand (5% kaolin) sample give the maximum value of compression strength. The glass transition temperature, melting point and degree of crystallization decrease by adding kaolin.

A new ligand [ 2-chloro-N- (1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro -1H-pyrazol- 4-ylcarbamothioyl)acetamide](L) was synthesized by reacting the Chloro acetyl isothiocyanate with 4-aminoantipyrine,The ligand was characterized by(C HNS) elemental microanalysis and the spectral measurements including Uv-Vis ,IR ,1H and13C NMR spectra, some transition metals complex of this ligand were prepared and characterized by Uv-Vis, FT-IR spectra, conductivity measurements, magnetic susceptibility and atomic absorption. From the obtained results the molecular formula of all prepared complexes were [M(L)2(H2O)2]Cl2 (M+2 =Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Hg),the proposed geometrical structure for all complexes were octahedral.

Poor cost performance in construction project is a common problem worldwide resulting in significant amount of cost overrun at account closure. This study aims at to develop model relationship between the amount of the cost overrun (CSTOVR) in schools construction projects and accepted bid price (LCO), estimated cost (ECO), contractor rank (GRA), experience of the supervisor engineer (ENXP), location of project (LOCA), year of contracting (YEAR), and contractual project duration (CDR) as input parameters before work starts. The study covers two story (12 classes) school projects awarded by the lowest bid system completed during (2007-2012) in Karbala province-Iraq. Probability distribution is established for each identified parameter and subsequently a simulation is developed to produces artificial data. The simulated parameters are used to develop the regression models to predict the cost overrun. It is found that the two developed regression models have the ability to predict the cost overrun (CSTOVR) for school projects, as an output, with good accuracy having correlation coefficient (R) of (85.9%) and (85.2%), determination coefficient (R2) of (73.8%) and (72.6%) respectively.

In this paper we introduced a new class of fuzzy closed sets called fuzzy gαg-closed sets and study their basic properties in fuzzy topological spaces. We also introduced fuzzy gαg-continuous functions with some of its properties. Moreover, the investigation will include some of the properties of the fuzzy separation axioms such fuzzy gαg-R_i-space and fuzzy gαg-T_j-space (note that, the indexes i and j are natural numbers of the spaces R and T are from 0 to 1 and from 0 to 2 respectively).

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) – Polyethylene glycol (PEG) based solid polymer blend electrolytes have been prepared by the solution cast technique. The absorption spectra has been recorded in the wavelength range (280-800) nm. The absorption coefficient, refractive index and extinction coefficient have been determined. The results show that the optical constants increase with the increasing of weight percentages. Also, the electrical properties have been calculated such as electrical conductivity(σ)by using LCR meter which is used to measure the inductance (L), capacitance (C), and resistance (R) of a component, the results show that the electrical conductivity decrease with increasing of the percentages weight of polymers (PVA-PEG).

In this paper, we introduce new types of N-continuity mappings by using N-open sets in topological spaces, which is called N-perfect mappings; also we study some properties of these types. Some definitions are given.

With the massive success of electronic health care applications and with emerging technologies in the areas of telecommunications which are widely used in healthcare sector, a reliable system to serve Pet Owners and Veterinarians will be designed and implemented in this paper. Pet's medical condition should be evaluated by a veterinarian before any medical decisions will be implemented. The proposed system, Pet Health Care System (PHCS), will be helpful to the specialists in the field of Veterinary Health Care. It centralizes database which contains the pet records. The system will enable the Vet to access the database and show the pet details to diagnose their medical condition and write the required treatment. PHCS is considered an efficient system to reduce healthcare costs and provide the time. It offers veterinarians an exciting way to make the service of pets owners more better. It helps the Owners of the unhealthy Pets to have more accurate information about the date of their pets' pathological status.

This research aims at assessing the compatibility of the Quality Management System in the laboratories of the College of Engineering at the University of Karbala with the International Standards for laboratories competence of testing and calibration ISO 17025 : 2005, and highlighting the importance of the main requirements that should be fulfilled for accreditation which proves the completion of tasks proper .. The results of the field survey showed weakness points in the systems and procedures in these laboratories because of the lack of some of the international standards requirements. In light of what has been reached, based on ISO 17025,recommendations have been set for the development of Quality Management System, and administrative and technical operations in the laboratories of the College of Engineering.

The improvement of sub-grade has always been significant aspect in highway and geotechnical engineering fields. To strengthen the subgrade soil, the use of natural Jute fiber is advantageous because they are cheap, locally available, and biodegradable. In this paper the soil sample was compacted at its maximum dry density corresponding to its optimum moisture content in the Laboratory California Bearing Ratio (CBR) mould with and without natural Jute fiber. Natural Jute fiber sheets equal to the plan of CBR mould diameter were placed at various layers (second, fourth and fifth of soil's layers) to investigate its behaviour on CBR value. The experimental investigations were also involved natural Jute fiber coated with bitumen material to study the effect of bitumen material on the CBR value. The CBR values of soil and soil reinforced with Jute fiber were investigated in the geotechnical engineering laboratory. The results of experimental investigation showed that the inclusion of Jute fiber sheet into the soil increases the CBR value of soil. It is also observed that the placing of Jute fiber at the second layer is more effective than placing it anywhere else in the soil sample; where the CBR value increased by 80% compared with unreinforced soil. The coating of Jute fiber has not shown significant improvement in CBR value; however, it can improve the Jute fiber longevity.

The smart irrigation systems considered as one of the most new significant technologies in this century to control the watering system and help the plants to grow. This research is focused on the design of an irrigation system based on one of the wireless sensor network (WSN) technologies which is ZigBee technology. The proposed design has an autonomous soil moisture monitoring system with wireless sensor network and ZigBee interfacing for transmitting data from slave to master side. In addition to that, the purpose of monitoring system suggested in this work is to measure and display the ratio of water soil in real-time.
Soil moisture sensors have been used in this proposed design for measuring changes in soil volumetric water and changes ration of water found in the soil was evaluated under outdoor environment conditions for two averages of watered soil (40% and 70%). The real-time data of watered soil has been collected for two different value of watering (40 and 70%) and data collected vary based on location of the sensor in soil and how much soil dried in that point. It is found that the water ratio (70%) is better than (40%) from the experimental results.

By using introduce the notion of functions in intuitionistic fuzzy ideal Topological spaces . we obtain several properties of g – continuity and the relationship between this function and other related functions.
set,key words and phrases : Intuitionistic fuzzy local – function , g-continuous,

The influence of Zr additions and artificial ageing time on some mechanical properties of 6063 alloy has been studied. This study aims to prepare the 6063 alloy containing different amounts of Zr and study the effect of Zr and ageing time on some mechanical properties of 6063 alloy such as Vickers hardness, tensile strength, and impact toughness. The results showed that the addition of 0.2 wt.% Zr to the 6063 alloy improves Vickers hardness and tensile strength by 12.96% and 7.86% respectively at ageing time 6h and improves impact toughness by 8.13% at ageing time 2h. Vickers hardness and tensile strength increase with increasing of ageing time for a certain limit of ageing time. Impact toughness decreases with increasing of ageing time and increases with further ageing time. The specimens with the highest Vickers hardness have the lowest impact toughness. The addition higher than 0.2wt.% Zr gives slight increase in studied properties of 6063 alloy .

The work presents a numerical investigation of heat transfer characteristics of conical diffuser with specific dimensions, using internal spiral square rib, with air as the working fluid. The Reynolds number range based on the bulk flow rate and hydraulic diameter is 1.759 × 105 to 4.36 × 105. The conical diffuser was subjected to uniform rates of heat flux and different inlet air velocity(0.02, 0.04 and 0.06) m/s, respectively. Results show that the spiral square rib enhanced heat transfer for (ΔT=40, 38 and 35 K) corresponding to the different inlet air velocity .The data obtained were compared with plain (without rib). The cone with internal spiral square rib was found to possess the highest performance factors for turbulent flow. The heat transfer coefficient enhancement for internal spiral square rib is higher than that for plain cone for a given Reynolds number. The use of internal spiral square rib improved the performance of cone. All studies where carried out using FlUENT14.5 package, by using K-ɛ model.

This study was carried out at AL-Hussain medical city and the public hospital of Al-Hindi for the period between (October 2012 to February 2013). Blood groups have been tested for 162 individuals (male and female) with no illness record and for 162 individuals (male and female) suffering from different chronic illness included: Hypertension, asthma, allergy, heart disease, diabetes, arthritis, as well as high plasma cholesterol level.
The results achieved in this study showed that there was no significant correlation between ABO blood group and studied chronic diseases. This study showed that individuals with O+ group was the most common group with a percentage of (33.33%) followed by A+ (27.47%) and B+group (20.99%)respectively for healthy and non-healthy individuals. The mainchronic disease with greatest rate associated with type A+ was diabetes, hypertension in compare with other diseases includingasthma, heart disease and arthritis respectively. It is found that diabetes had the highest prevalence among individuals with A- group followed byasthma and allergy; while individuals with B+ were suffering from diabetes, hypertension and with a lower percentage suffering from heart disease, arthritis, asthma and allergy respectively. Individuals with B- group had the lowest percentage and were suffering from hypertension, diabetes (equal percentage) asthma and allergy. The dominance of chronic disease among individuals with AB group were found to be in the following order:diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, asthma, allergy and high cholesterol level. Prevalence of chronic disease between individuals with O+was found to be as follows:diabetes ,hypertension,heart disease ,asthma and allergy , arthritis, high blood cholesterol respectively. The frequency of chronic disease among individuals with O-was as follows:diabetes ,hypertension, heart disease , arthritis, asthma and allergy respectively.

The present paper discuss two variational wavefunctions of K-shell atomic systems Z=9-18. The first wavefunction deals with the Zeta-Roothaan-Hartree-Fock while the second one considered a simply correlated wavefunction. Several local properties have studied, for instance, radial correlation density function between the two wavefunctions, electron density at the nucleus, diamagnetic susceptibility, and nuclear magnetic shielding constants. We show how the physical properties for K-shell atoms affected by increasing the atomic number Z. All results are obtained via Mathematica program version 10.1.01.

The research was conducted for the investigation of amount of radioactivity in the different Al-Hindiya region in the Governorate of Karbala, is located just 108 km to the southwest of the Iraqi capital Baghdad. The technique of gamma ray spectrometry was applied using NaI(Tl) gamma ray detector and a PC based Maestro Activity concentration levels due to 40K, 238U and 232Th were measured in . Activity concentrations ranges of the concerned radionuclides for the soils were as follows: 40K was (271.2 - 170) with the average (245.1), 238U, (30.96 - 5.86) Bq/Kg with the average (19.45)Bq/Kg, and 232Th, (67.09-2.9) with average(24.47) Bq/Kg respectively. The results have been compared with those of different countries of the world and Iraq. To assess the radiological hazard of the natural radioactivity, the absorbed dose rate, the radium equivalent activity (Raeq), the effective dose rate (Eeff), the annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE), Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk (ELCR), the radioactivity level index (Iγ), and the external (Hex) and internal (Hin) hazard indices were calculated. It can be concluded that no risk may threat the residents around and center of Holy shrines . Hence the probability of occurrence of any of the health effects of radiation is low.

To evaluate the effects of platelet rich plasma (PRP)on cutaneous regeneration and wound healing in both fixed and movable regions in horses, the present study was undertaken, under local anesthesia a full thickness square incision were done in the back of animals (fixed incision)and the longitudinal full thickness were done in the neck region (movable incisions). The fixed incisions injected 1 cm far from the incision’s edges with 0.1 ml of autologes PRP while the control group injected with normal saline only and by same manner the movable incision is treated besides that suturing is applied too. Our results showed that PRP lowered excessive development of granulation tissue and showed wound healing at 1, 2 and 3 weeks after wounding based on the histopathological results, there were re- epithelialization of epidermis, complete healing which characterized by regular arrangement of profuse fibrosis and scattered inflammatory cells, formation of new blood vessels and profuse collagen and fibrosis when compared with control group. We conclude from the current study that the single application of PRP for the treatment of the movable and fixed cutaneous wounds has increased the healing rates and adequate formation of granulation tissue as well as enhance angiogenesis in the beginning stage of the repair process.

This study intends to improve the recommendation system by unifying both the implicit and explicit behavior of users. The implicit behavior indicates what users view over time regardless of the rating of what he views (implicit rating), whereas, the explicit behavior in this effort refers to what users rate for an item. The hamming distance is used to create a distance matrix that is converted to similarity matrix for users who are akin in terms of implicit rating. As for explicit ratings, the cosine similarity is used to create similarity matrix for users who are similar in terms of the scale used to rate an item. The proposed method is evaluated using three data sets; Movielens, Hetrec 2011, and Yahoo! Movies. The evaluation of the proposed method constrains with the measures of the related works. Thus, recall, precision, mean absolute error (MAE), and F-measures have been used. The experimental results show that the proposed system has a good performance, particularly Movielens dataset, when compared with the existing works. Our proposed method is free of any complex computations; at the same time it is competitive as comparable and better results are obtained considering other works.