Journal of Business Economics for Applied Research

The research aims to determine the reflection of deceptive practices in promotion through social networks on the e-purchase decision of e-purchasing customers in Nineveh Governorate, as well as to identify the nature of the correlation and impact relationships between the two variables of the research, a sample of (821) of e-purchasing customers was selected and via an electronic questionnaire, The data was processed by the statistical program (SPSS), and one of the most important findings of the research is the existence of two significant correlations and impact between the independent variable (deception in the promotion) of the approved variable (e-purchase decision). Some proposals that are consistent with the findings of the research have been formulated.

The research aims to show the role of the smart customer in enhancing the creativity of individuals working in banks and the extent to which these banks adopt the concept of the smart customer and measuring the extent of the influence and connection of the smart customer in creativity with working individuals. A sample of customers was selected with a number of (100) clients and (100) employees of private banks operating in Nineveh Governorate, and statistical methods were used, including the descriptive approach, in analyzing data and extracting results using the statistical program SPSS V26. The research reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which is that there is a relationship Correlation and impact with statistical significance between the independent variable, the smart customer, and the dependent variable, creativity in working individuals. And educational for the purpose of increasing their knowledge of how to deal with smart customers and gain their satisfaction by providing their exact needs.

The main objective of the research is to determine the nature of the relationship to the effect of the independent variable (human relations) on the dependent variable (organizational reputation) in the hospital in question.
The research problem was represented by the main question, which states what is the role of human relations in enhancing organizational reputation?
The two researchers chose the descriptive-analytical approach in order to interpret and analyze the data used. The research also adopted the questionnaire as a main tool for collecting data on the researched sample, and in order for the research to reach its set goals, and provide accurate and adequate answers to the questions posed, two samples were chosen, as the sample size reached The first sample was (80) physicians, while the size of the second sample was (86) patients, and the total of the recovered questionnaires that were suitable for analysis was a total of (150) questionnaires for both samples, ie (90%) of the total distributed questionnaires.
The research reached a set of conclusions, perhaps the most prominent of them: that there is a correlation between human relations and organizational reputation from the point of view of the sample members in the hospital in question, where the relationship was positive and strong, and in light of these conclusions, the research identified a set of proposals, perhaps the most important of which should be the hospital management Reviewing the policy of its dealings with subordinates and spreading a culture of mutual respect among all hospital employees, regardless of their organizational levels or job titles, through humility and appreciation of the human conditions for them.

A result of the importance of technology and digital transformation today in the world of banking, and customers' tendency to pay attention to the digital services provided in banks. The study started from the following problem: Is there an impact of digital transformation on customer satisfaction in commercial banks in Iraq. The current study aimed to achieve the following: identifying the digital transformation in the Commercial Bank of Iraq, and measuring the impact of digital transformation on the customers' satisfaction of Iraqi banks. The descriptive analytical approach was also used in the study. A questionnaire related to the study variables was designed and distributed to an easy sample of 150 Commercial Bank clients in Iraq. Data was analyzed using the SPSS and SMATPLS programs. The study reached a set of results, the most important of which are: There is an impact of digital transformation in increasing customer satisfaction in the Commercial Bank in Iraq.

The Research aimed to achieve the following: Measuring the impact of soft skills on the quality of e-learning at the University of Mosul. The descriptive analytical approach was used, and a questionnaire was designed and distributed to a stratified sample of Mosul University students, in order to measure the impact of soft skills on the quality of e-learning, and data was entered into the SPSS and SMARPLS programs for analysis. The Research found a number of results, the most important of which are the following: There is a strong correlation between soft skills and the presence of e-learning at the University of Mosul, and therefore soft skills play an essential role in the quality of e-learning at the University of Mosul from the point of view of the study sample.

General framework: The study used its general framework to determine the research problem by asking several questions related to the nature of the relationship and the influence between the independent variable represented by spiritual leadership and the approved variable represented by the bullying behavior. All of them are for statistical analyzes and many tests using the statistical analysis program (SPSS V.22).
Objective: The current research aims to know the role of spiritual leadership in reducing bullying behavior, an analytical study of the opinions of a sample of faculty members in the College of Administration and Economics / Salah al-Din University - Erbil. Where the dimensions of the independent variable included spiritual leadership (vision, altruism, membership, meaning), while the dimensions of bullying behavior (intimidation, bullying related to the individual, bullying related to work).
Study methodology: The research used the descriptive approach for the purpose of describing the main variables, and using the analytical method to analyze the relationships and correlation between the study variables and its dimensions. (65) members.
Conclusions and Suggestions: The study concluded that there is an inverse, negative, and good level relationship between spiritual leadership and bullying behavior according to the macro and micro levels, which indicates that the greater the application of the researched college values and principles of spiritual leadership, the more this leads to a decrease or non-proliferation of bullying behavior and one of the most important The proposals reached by the research need to focus on the style of spiritual leadership and attention to moral values and principles to eliminate deviant behaviors and bullying behavior in particular by activating channels of communication between leaders and faculty members and their participation in formulating the college vision

The current research aims to demonstrate the impact of digital transformation technology with its dimensions (leadership support, infrastructure, digital security, resource mobilization) as an independent variable in improving digital maturity (digital strategy, digital market, digital operations, digital culture) as a dependent variable, in Korek Communications Company, In order to translate this goal into a tangible reality, the researcher built a hypothetical model that explains the variables and dimensions of the study and the nature of the relationships between them. As for the selected sample, it is from employees of Korek Company in the northern governorates (Erbil, Sulaymaniyah, Kirkuk), and the research sample was determined by (82) respondents. The research reached several conclusions, the most important of which was the presence of a significant impact of digital transformation technology on digital maturity through its dimensions, especially supporting the senior leadership in the company in the first place and then mobilizing resources and owning modern infrastructure and finally providing digital security by owning the latest protection software. The research presented a set of proposals, the most important of which was to benefit from the experiences of leading telecommunications companies in the field of employing, managing and developing new digital technology in order to improve the management of the research sample company to carry out its work and provide the service in an appropriate manner.

The aim of the research is to know the impact of the independent variable strategic intelligence with its sub-dimensions (future vision, motivation, creativity) in enhancing the organizational effectiveness of the adopted variable with its dimensions (goal achievement, resource conservation, human relations) among a selected sample of doctors in Tikrit city hospitals. The research problem in the main question, which is: What is the effect of strategic intelligence in enhancing organizational effectiveness in hospitals, the research sample, and a hypothetical scheme for the study was adopted through which the research objectives and hypotheses were determined. The researchers used the descriptive analytical approach in order to reach the results using the statistical program (SPSS,V,21) The research relied on a set of statistical methods (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, test (F) and test (T) and multiple regression) and the questionnaire was considered as a main tool in collecting data and information related to the field aspect of the research, and hospitals in the city of Tikrit in Salah Governorate were selected. Religion is a field for research and testing its hypotheses, and the opinions of (40) physicians working in the surveyed hospitals were surveyed. The results indicated that there was a significant impact relationship that came in succession (future vision, creativity, motivation), and this reinforces what was stated by the theoretical side of the study.

The research aims to determine the required rate of return according to the six-factor Fama and French model, after strengthening the model by adding the liquidity factor to build the Fama and French six-factor model and analyzing its impact on the fair value of common shares, as the researcher used financial methods related to the financial analysis of the data of a number of companies listed in the Iraqi Stock Exchange, which represents the sample examined in the Fama and French hexagonal model, as well as the use of the statistical program (SPSS V.28) and simple linear regression, in addition to its use in the test The significance of the regression between the research variables, and in calculating the correlation coefficient and the coefficient of determination, as it was concluded by testing the research hypotheses that the FF6M-LCR model did not affect the fair value of common shares according to the valuation model on the sample companies investigated, and the Fama and French hexagonal model has been proven by adding the liquidity factor (FF6M-LCR) its ability to determine a higher required rate of return for the research sample companies (Al-Mansour Hotel, Babylon Hotel, Al-Sajjad, Ghazieh, Al-Kindi, Agricultural) Which indicates the ability of companies to meet their financial obligations on the one hand, and on the other hand, the company’s ability to invest its money in investments and thus achieve profitability, which is reflected in the increase in share prices, and the first main hypothesis was tested (the use of the Fama and French six-factor model affects the addition of the liquidity factor in the fair value For ordinary shares according to the ordinary shares evaluation model (profitability growth), and the need for companies to invest in highly liquid assets because they have a positive impact in achieving high returns for companies, as well as the confidence of dealers with companies in their ability to pay their financial obligations towards others, and the research sample companies are directed towards using Fama and French six-factor model by adding the liquidity factor to determine the required rate of return on common stocks.

The current research aims to test the correlation and influence between high inclusion management practices and strategic ingenuity in Iraqi universities, Kirkuk as a model. And represented by (Exploring Opportunities, Exploiting Opportunities) based on (Jansen, 2005), as the University of Kirkuk was chosen as a sample for the study and to test the research hypotheses. The research used a set of appropriate statistical processing methods in data analysis, regression analysis, correlation coefficient (person) and the use of (SPSS) programs. One of the most important conclusions reached by the research is the presence of a significant correlation between high containment management and its dimensions and strategic ingenuity at the macro level as well as at the sub-dimensions level. The highest correlation was between (work teams and strategic ingenuity), which is a strong correlation that indicates the importance of the variable Ren at the university in question, and these results explain that the interest of the management of the researched university in the practice of high inclusion management, which is represented by the participation of academic staff in a work environment within one work teams and encourage them towards openness for the possibility of communication and communication with each other at the university in order to reach the strategic ingenuity represented by exploring opportunities and exploit them.

The research aims to determine the nature of the impact relationship of the strategy of accepting organizational paradoxes at the individual level in achieving the work teams goals in a number of college of the University of Mosul from the point of view of the teachers. Data analysis and results extraction using ready-made statistical software (SPSS) and (Amos), The research reached several results, including that there is a significant statistically significant impact relationship between the independent variable, the strategy of accepting organizational paradoxes at the individual level, and the variable that is approved to achieve the goals, and it also reached several proposals, including on the colleges investigated, to pay attention to organizational paradox on an ongoing basis at all administrative levels in colleges of the University of Mosul in particular, and Iraqi universities in general, and this contributes greatly to achieving the overall goals as well as the sub-goals sought by the colleges

The main objective of the research was to identify the sources of organizational power and their impact on enhancing the organizational reputation, and to present some proposals that contribute to the statement of the impact between the two variables of the research, and based on that, the study problem was represented in the following main question: In the dimensions of organizational reputation?), and for the purpose of identifying the opinions of the individuals surveyed, the study relied on the descriptive analytical approach in dealing with theoretical and field data of the organization in question.
A number of scientific research tools were used in the practical side of the study to reach the desired results, using the questionnaire as the main tool for data collection in the practical side of the study. A valid form for analysis with a response rate of (85%), and a number of statistical methods were used to deal with the data and to analyze the paragraphs of the questionnaire and test the hypotheses of the study according to the data that were processed through the (SPSS.V26) statistical program. Positive statistical significance of the dimensions of organizational strength in the organizational reputation of the organization in question.

The study aimed to identify the nature of the relationship between strategic Entrepreneurship and banking operations, and to know the extent of the impact of strategic leadership on banking operations. Statistical methods (SPSS v.25) and (SMART-PLS3) The study was applied in the field of private banks operating in Iraq, the city of Baghdad in particular, and six banks were selected, namely (Middle East Bank, Ashur Bank, Gulf Commercial Bank, United Investment Bank, Commercial Bank of Iraq, Sumer Commercial Bank), while the community The study included (Branch Manager, Department Manager, Associate Director, Division Manager, Unit Manager) totaling (155), an intentional sample was drawn from them according to the equation (Green, 1990) to represent (106) individuals, the questionnaire was distributed to them and (98) were retrieved A questionnaire (92), of which was valid for analysis.
The study concluded that there is a correlation and a significant impact between the dimensions of strategic Entrepreneurship combined with operations, and that any positive development leads to the improvement of the banking operations in a positive manner as a whole. faced by the surveyed banks by developing comprehensive plans, providing facilities and allocating resources in order to achieve the application of the requirements of strategic Entrepreneurship in the surveyed banks.

The research aimed to identify the relationship of human resources maintenance with the development of organizational loyalty, among human resources working in the General Company for the Battery Industry, one of the formations of the Ministry of Industry and Minerals in Baghdad - Iraq. Where the research problem was to identify the reality of human resources maintenance in the development of organizational loyalty, and what is the level of relationship and correlation between the research variables in the researched company, and in line with the objectives of the research, a random sample (55) of the administrative and technical workers were selected. The use of the descriptive-analytical approach as a scientific method for research, and for the purpose of collecting data and information from the targeted research sample in a field manner, the researcher distributed the questionnaire to the researched sample, in order to obtain the required data and the results of the research were the most important answers and results obtained from the research. There is a significant and positive, statistically significant correlation between human resource maintenance and organizational loyalty in the surveyed company. The researcher also recommended the necessity of activating the role of human resources maintenance by the management of the surveyed company in order to create and enhance organizational loyalty among the human resources working for them.

The current study seeks to achieve the goal of providing health care by identifying the provision of medical services. The first image of the graph in the output graph is represented, the method, the method, the method, the function, the function, the label, the method, the label, the label and the behavioral intent. The data of the study, the study, the study, the study, the study, the study, the study, the study, the pharmacists, the samples, the samples, the factors, the volume was (341), and the modeling was used by equations, the hypotheses of the study hypotheses. The study reached the results, the most important of which is the effect of operation and the proof of the result, which have a significant impact on the perceived policy of using Internet of Things technology in the medical field, but the results showed that the functional status, quality of outputs, perceived start-up and subjective criterion have no direct impact on the policy of using this technology. In the medical field. Perceived initiation of use, perceived initiation of use, initiation of use of IoT technology and on the functional status of medical staff and on physicians' behavioral intent to use. Usually vacillate to name it.

The research aims to determine the role of pricing strategies as an independent variable in building the mental standing as a dependent variable, and the importance of the research lies by addressing a set of strategies that help the researched field choose the appropriate pricing in the market, to attract more customers and build a sustainable mental position, and the research problem lies around the main question, Do Pricing Strategy Enhance in mental status? To answer this question, a hypothetical research scheme was designed, which reflects the correlation and impact relationships between the two variables of the research, by formulating a set of hypotheses, and Carrefour Meydan stores were selected for research, and the electronic questionnaire was adopted as a main tool for data and information collection, and an appropriate sample was selected from (474) customers. For those stores, the data was statistically processed using the statistical program (SPSS.25) and the adoption of the descriptive analytical approach, and the researchers verified the stability of the questionnaire using the coefficient (Cronbach 's alpha), and the most important results were reached with the presence of an interest in the management of Carrefour stores in the application of pricing strategies in building mental status. The customers, as well as the existence of a correlation and effect between the two variables, which serves the objectives of the research.

The research aims to shows the ability of the conurrent engineering technology to enhance the competitive position in the market, and the intravenous solutions plant in Mosul was chosen to be a place for applying the research variables. The plant consists of department heads, unit managers, and some workers with experience, skill and knowledge related to the two variables The study of the two principals and the sub-variables, and the purpose of the research was to enhance the competitive position of the products in the market, and a set of conclusions was drawn, the most important of which is that the use of concurrent engineering technology in production and marketing processes will lead to enhancing the competitive position of the products of the plant under discussion in the local and foreign markets, as many were presented. Among the proposals, the most important of which was that the plant management should focus heavily on the use of engineering technology in all its production, marketing and even after-sales operations in order to be able to keep pace with the rapid and evolving changes in the markets to be able to survive, grow and continue in them.

The current study aimed at diagnosing the reality of the diversity of behavioral responses in the Nineveh Education Directorate. And adopted a hypothesis represented by (determines the diversity of behavioral responses at the level of the organization in question, according to the respondents' answers to the paragraphs expressing the diversity of behavioral responses). The current study adopted the questionnaire as a method for collecting data on the subject under study. The questionnaire covered (120) individuals at random, and the researchers used the descriptive analytical approach. The study resulted in a number of conclusions, most notably: The diversity of responses at the level of the organization in question takes an arrangement that discloses the degree of precedence among these responses. Positive responses have an effective precedence compared to all negative responses, and in a manner that indicates their action, as well as confirming their impact. In the equation of the diversity of behavioral responses, so that the focus is on everything that is positive, pulsing with optimism, and indicating cases of polite behavior in the field of work.

The current study sought to reveal the extent of organizational failures, as well as to identify the reasons that led to the emergence of failures and how to address them in the Nineveh Health Department. The research problem crystallized, raising the following question: Are there indicators of organizational failure in the organization in question? And what are its causes? To achieve what the study adopted a descriptive analytical approach in providing theoretical intellectual frameworks, data processing, analysis and interpretation. The study population were selected in three institutions affiliated with the Nineveh Health Department, represented by (Nineveh Health Presidency, Ibn Al-Atheer Hospital for Children, and the primary health care sector/left bank). To apply the analytical aspect of the study, a random sample of (420) individuals working in the selected institutions affiliated with the Nineveh Health Department were selected as a representative sample of its community, which amounted to (3160) individuals. In the study, a set of statistical tools and methods were used to analyze the practical aspect. The study reached a set of results, the most important of which is the existence of organizational failure to a high degree in the organization in question, which indicates that the organization suffers from a number of internal and external challenges that have led to poor performance in it. This is proven by the reality at the level of performance of health sector institutions in Nineveh Governorate, which is an integral part of the Iraqi health sector.

The study aimed to know the role adopted by financial inclusion in transforming the banking sector into an electronic management system. In order to achieve the main goal above, the study was built on the following hypothesis; There is no statistically significant relationship between the requirements for the application of financial inclusion and the transition to an electronic management system in the banking sector, and the descriptive analytical approach was used to complete the study by analyzing the data collected through a questionnaire specially prepared for that and then analyzed by the statistical program SPSS Ver.24. The study reached a set of results, the most important of which are; The electronic management is achieving a qualitative leap in the performance of organizations in general and banking institutions in particular, which helps to better meet the needs of the beneficiaries, in addition to the existence of a statistically significant relationship between the requirements of the application of financial inclusion and the transition to an electronic management system in the banking sector, and the study recommended the need to adopt Electronic management system and digital transformation because of its positive repercussions on the performance of banks and the expansion of their banking services.

Cultural Intelligence and Impact in Entrepreneurial Performance
An exploratory study of the opinions of a sample of leaders of mobile communications companies in the province of Baghdad

The inflation rate has become a chronic phenomenon in all developed and developing economies. However, in developing economies have become more severe compared with advanced economies, and for foreign exchange rates, The distinction between international trade and domestic trade lies in the monetary systems in each country of the world. because there is no joint cash unit at the global level, so there should be foreign exchange rate. With regard to the relationship between variables inflation and foreign exchange rate appears in most of the economies of developing countries, including Iraq. The study has indicated a long-term equilibrium between inflation and foreign exchange rates in the region during the period (2010-2020), because the error correction model is negative and statistically significant according t-test and reached (-0.22), which means that the imbalance correction is done within (0.22) of time. The changes that occur in the major currency rates (US Dollar, Iranian Toman and, Turkish lira), interpreted about (57%) of the changes occurring in inflation and the remaining (43%) attributed to other factors