Karbala Journal of Physical Education Sciences

Basketball is one of the most complex and verity skills. Some of these skills are difficult to perform and have a changing attitude during competition, which given to all students in the same way and in a specific in all educational situations without taking into consideration the individual differences of students. A great effort and a lot of time wasted a lesson in trying to teach skills.
The aim of the research is to identify the effect of special exercises through rapid learning style according to sensory modeling in learning passing and dribbling skills in basketball for female students, and identifying the differences between the experimental and control groups in learning passing and dribbling skills in basketball for female students.

However, the researchers used the experimental approach ( Three groups design) with pre and post-tests. One hundred and fifty nine students from college of physical education and sports science - Dyalaa university have been chosen randomly as a main subjects for this research .
The sample was homogenized in terms of height, weight, age. The researchers concluded that: There were significant differences between the pre and post- tests in the experimental groups modeling in learning passing and dribbling skills in basketball for female students for the post-tests.

The aim of the research is to use the rubber ropes associated with the exercises to determine their effect on some compatibility abilities, and their contribution to the skill performance of the players of the national center of sports talent handball. However, the researcher used the experimental approach (two group design) with pre and post-tests. A players of the national center for sports talent (15-17 years) in handball have been chosen randomly as a main subjects for this research from the research population. The researcher concluded that: The use of rubber cords associated with exercise has a positive effect on the development of some compatibility capabilities of handball. In addition, the experimental group achieved significant differences in the remote tests of the compatibility abilities compared to the control group due to the diversity of the exercises and their timing. Therefore, The researcher recommended that emphasize on the importance and role of the use of rubber cords associated with training in training units because of their effective impact in the development of physical, compatibility and skill.

The world is witnessing today a great and rapid development in various sports in general and sports and gymnastics in particular, and this development was not a coincidence, but came from the development of the efforts of scientists and researchers educators. The aim of the research is to identify the effect of the educational curriculum using e-teaching technology in learning some basic skills in gymnastics for female students. In addition, to identify the differences in the level of performance of some basic skills on the ground movement in the gymnastic between the two groups (control – experimental).
However, the researchers used the experimental approach (two group design) with pre and post-tests. Twenty female students have been chosen randomly as a main subjects for this research. Ten student in each group.
The sample was homogenized in terms of height, weight, age, and then conducting the technical tests on the sample and implementing the curriculum and conducting the post-test. The researcher concluded that: the experimental group achieved significant differences in the level of performance of some basic skills on the ground movement in the gymnastic

The aim of the research is to prepare a multimedia curriculum in learning some basic basketball skills for female students, to identify the effect of multimedia curriculum in learning some basic basketball skills for female students, and to identify the differences in the level of performance in learning some basic basketball skills for female students between the two groups (control – experimental).
However, the researchers used the experimental approach (Three groups design) with pre and post-tests. Thirty female students have been chosen randomly as a main subjects for this research. Ten student in each group. The sample was homogenized in terms of height, weight, age.
The researcher concluded that: There were significant differences between the pre and post- tests in the experimental groups of the skills of (passing, receiving, dribbling, scoring) and for the post-tests. The multimedia CD, a small booklet of animated series images, large sequential images fixed on the wall) has a positive impact on learning the basic skills of the basketball. The need to use multimedia, by teachers of physical education during the process of learning basic skills in basketball. In addition, pay attention to multimedia (audio - visual) during the teaching of basic skills in basketball.

The aim of the research is to prepare a learning curriculum using the theory of learning according to the two halves of the brain in learning long and short transmission skills for badminton players, to identify the effect of learning curriculum using the theory of learning according to the two halves of the brain in learning long and short transmission skills for badminton players, and to identify the differences in the level of performance in in learning long and short transmission skills for badminton players between the two groups (control – experimental).
However, the researcher used the experimental approach (Three groups design) with pre and post-tests. Eight players of the training center of the Iraqi Central Union for badminton in the province of Babylon have been chosen randomly as a main subjects for this research. Four players in each group.
The researcher concluded that: There were significant differences between the pre and post- tests in the experimental groups of the long and short transmission skills for badminton players for the post-tests. The learning curriculum using the theory of learning according to the two halves of the brain has a positive impact on learning the long and short transmission skills in badminton.
The researcher recommended that: The need to rely on the theory of learning based on the two halves of the brain in the construction of learning curricula for players. In addition, The need to rely on the brain-based learning theory to learn other skills in badminton

The importance of teaching by using modern and sophisticated methods and show how the educational process now is no longer limited to the transfer of information to the learner, but the learner is a positive element in the learning process and has a basic position and effective. Therefore, the diversity of teaching methods has a clear effect in facilitating the educational process and reducing the factors of boredom and monotony. From here, we find that the behavior of educational sports physical education lesson has not received much attention by teachers and focus only on learning in general the skill. The aim of the research is to identify the effect of the cooperative learning strategy in evaluating the educational behavior of PE lesson for female students in high school, and to identifying the differences between the experimental and control groups.
However, the researchers used the experimental approach (Three groups design) with pre and post-tests. Forty five high school female students have been chosen randomly as a main subjects for this research in Al-Kawthar high school (2017-2018). The sample was homogenized in terms of height, weight, age.

The aim of the research is to identify the effectiveness of the reciprocity teaching method in the achievement of sixth grade students in history and geographic subjects. In addition, the study hypothesized no statistical differences between the average score of students in the experimental group who study history and geographic subjects using the reciprocal teaching strategy and the average achievement of students in the control group who study the same subject in the traditional method.
However, the researchers used the experimental approach (two group design) with pre and post-tests. Fifty two female students have been chosen randomly as a main subjects for this research. Twenty six student in each group. The sample was homogenized in terms of some variables. One hundred and twenty behavioral goals were formulated with (20) plans for both experimental and control groups. The researcher prepared an achievement test to measure the level of students' achievement after the completion of the experiment. The test is of (40) test subjects of the type of multiple choice and after verifying its validity and stability according to the scientific controls and the end of the period of the experiment studied by the researcher himself.

Crises are an important and fundamental part of any organization's life. There is no institution regardless of its size and the nature of the operations it performs far from crises. If the institution is not in crisis, it is in the pre-crisis stage and it must prepare to face the crisis when it appears at any time and the predictive ability of the sports institution to anticipate crises in their forms, sizes and times Their occurrence, their occurrence, and the development of scenarios of hope for the expected crises, through the examination and diagnosis of weaknesses and areas of friction and placed under careful control in anticipation of the explosion.
The aim of the study is to :
1. Identify on the relationship between crisis management and strategic planning of the administrative leaders in clubs and Iraqi sports federations.
2. Identify on the proportion of disability contribution strategic planning in crisis management for the community under consideration.
3. Crisis management prediction for the research community in terms of strategic planning.
However, the researchers used the descriptive approach (survey and relationship styles). Sixty three clubs and (22) federations have been chosen randomly as a main subjects for this research. The researcher concluded that: Devised a predictive equation in which they can predict crisis management, in terms of strategic planning. In addition, crisis management is linked to a real relationship with strategic planning.

The research problem was focused on the researchers' observation of the training process for special physical abilities (anaerobic abilities) in the training dose, which are few or are done according to the subjective provisions or the previous experiences without resorting to the scientific foundations in their training, as the functional aspect is almost negligible In the preparation of the training program, thus these things become clear through the slow pace of the player and his movement, especially in offensive skills, including the accuracy of stabbing for young fencer in foil.
.
However, the researchers used the experimental approach (two groups design) with pre and post-tests. Sixteen young fencer have been chosen randomly as a main subjects for this research from Kerbala athletic clubs. The exercises were carried out by the researchers in the sample, where the method of high frequency training was used and the method of repetitive training was severely restricted between (80 - 95%) of the maximum intensity of the fencer. The researcher concluded that: There were significant differences between the pre and post- tests in the development of some physical abilities and accuracy of stabbing for young fencer in foil for the post-tests.

Training athletics activities depends on the development of scientific and training programs to develop the level of sports and access to the upper levels. The 800 m running needs to develop some physical attributes and its own energy systems to obtain the physiological adjustment of the organic organs to perform and carry the effort during the race to achieve the best time. The aim of the research is to identify the effect of special endurance exercises in maximum oxygen consumption and creatine phosphokinase enzyme and 800m running achievement.
However, the researchers used the experimental approach (One groups design) with pre and post-tests. Ten middle distances runner have been chosen randomly as a main subjects for this research from Al- Diwaniyah athletic clubs.. The sample was homogenized in terms of height, weight, age. The researcher concluded that: There were significant differences between the pre and post- tests in maximum oxygen consumption and creatine phosphokinase enzyme and 800m running achievement for the post-tests. The researcher concluded that: The need to preparation a training curricula throughout physiological basis of young runner, as well as knowledge of the experimental effect in middle distances running and long distances and the need to conduct physical and physiological tests as indicators of adapting the functional devices and assess the training situation

The teachers of physical education and trainers have an attention for using the competitions style as one of the teaching styles which ensure that the maximum effort by practitioners to learning motor skills by providing skills and knowledge in a manner that challenges their abilities and make them rush to the activity as well as presented in a manner attractive that make them an eager to achieve and motivation or desire to learn. The aim of the research is to identify the competitive style (comparative - cooperative) in learning passing from shoulder level and dribbling skills in handball for female students, and to identifying the differences between the experimental and control groups in learning passing from shoulder level and dribbling skills in handball for female students.
However, the researchers used the experimental approach ( Three groups design) with pre and post-tests. Forty seven high school female students have been chosen randomly as a main subjects for this research in Al-Basala high school (2017-2018).
The sample was homogenized in terms of height, weight, age. The researchers concluded that: There were significant differences between the pre and post- tests in the experimental groups in learning passing from shoulder level and dribbling skills in handball for female students for the post-tests.

The current research aim to:
- Preparing an innovative device in developing the kinetic response for the defensive moves.
- Preparing an exercises using an innovative device in developing the kinetic response for the defensive moves of handball players.
- Identify the effect of exercises using an innovative device in developing the kinetic response for the defensive moves of handball players.
- Identify the preference of the effect of exercises using an innovative device in developing the kinetic response for the defensive moves of handball players..
However, the researchers used the experimental approach (Equal groups design) with pre and post-tests. The research population involved (40) players in the Specialized Training Center in Karbala Governorate, affiliated to the Ministry of Sports and Youth in ages (13-15) years, and the main sample of the research was (30) players (75%). Nevertheless, the research results showed that:

- The innovative device have a positive effect in developing the kinetic response for the defensive moves.
- The exercises using an innovative device have a positive effect in developing the kinetic response for the defensive moves of handball players.
- There were significant differences between the pre and post- tests in developing the kinetic response for the defensive moves of handball players for the post-tests.

The current research aim to: Identify the effect of static and alterable styles in motor satisfaction and learning the most important offensive handball skills, and to identify the preference of the effect of static and alterable styles in motor satisfaction and learning the most important offensive handball skills.
However, the researchers used the experimental approach (Equal groups design) with pre and post-tests. The research population involved (96) students, and the main sample of the research was (24) students. The sample was homogenized in terms of height, weight, age. The experiment lasted 8 weeks with one educational unit per week and the duration of the educational plan was 90 minutes. Nevertheless, the research results showed that: The research groups have achieved a development in the in motor satisfaction and learning the most important offensive handball skills.
The researcher recommended that: emphasizing the use of the static and alterable styles in learning process for handball skills.

The current research aim to: The study aimed to identify the type of brain sovereignty and the level of performance of passing skill in volleyball for the faculty of physical education and sports sciences students'. In addition, identify the relationship of mental sovereignty in the level of performance of passing skill in volleyball for the faculty of physical education and sports sciences students'.
However, the researchers used the descriptive approach (correlations style) The research population involved the students of the second stage in the college of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Baghdad for the academic year 2016-2017, totaling (30) students. Following the implementation of the Torrance Scale of brain sovereignty, they were classified as (10) female students with cerebral dominance of the right half, 10 female students with cerebral sovereignty of the left hemisphere, 10 female students with integrated brain sovereignty. However, The measuring the level of performance of passing skill in volleyball was carried out and evaluated by (3) specialists. Nevertheless, the research results showed that:
The researchers conclude that the integrated cerebral dominance of female students is more closely related to the level of performance of passing skill in volleyball than to students with left and right cerebral dominance, and that the right cerebral dominance of female students is more closely related to the level of performance of passing skill in volleyball than to students with left brain dominance.

The current research aim to: Build and standardizing the cognitive achievement test in volleyball law for the third stage students in the college of physical education and sports sciences. In addition, identify the effect of using the integration of technology model (S.A.M.R) on cognitive achievement for students in volleyball, and to identify the preference of the effect of using the integration of technology model (S.A.M.R) and followed model strategy on cognitive achievement for students in volleyball.
However, the researchers used the experimental approach (Equal groups design) with pre and post-tests. The research population involved the students of the third stage in the college of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Karbala for the academic year 2016-2017, totaling (203) students, and the main sample of the research was (40) students, as (20) students represented the experimental group and 20 students represented the control group. Nevertheless, the research results showed that:
1. The research groups (control and experimental) have achieved a development in the cognitive achievement for students in volleyball, but at different rates, with preponderance of the experimental group, which used the integration of technology model (S.A.M.R), compared with the control group that used the traditional method adopted by the teacher.
The researcher recommended that: emphasizing the use of the integration of technology model (S.A.M.R)because it is important to give some pleasure and desire to learn any scientific material.

The aim of the research is to identify the effect of learning curriculum using the theory of learning according to the two halves of the brain in the development of students' Tennis cognitive achievement, and to identify the differences in the level of performance in in the development of students' Tennis cognitive achievement between the two groups (control – experimental).
However, the researcher used the experimental approach (Two groups design) with pre and post-tests. Sixty three students of the college of physical education and sports sciences / university of Kerbala have been chosen randomly as a main subjects for this research. Thirty four students in each group.
The researcher concluded that: There were significant differences between the pre and post- tests in the experimental groups of the development of students' Tennis cognitive achievement for the post-tests. The learning curriculum using the theory of learning according to the two halves of the brain has a positive impact on the development of students' Tennis cognitive achievement.
The researcher recommended that: The need to rely on the theory of learning based on the two halves of the brain in the construction of learning curricula for students. In addition, The need to rely on the brain-based learning theory to learn other skills in tennis

The study aimed to identify the degree of organizational justice of high school principals from the standpoint of their teachers as well as to identify the level of the self-efficacy of physical education teachers in those schools and, in addition aimed to recognize the correlation between organizational justice among secondary school principals and self-efficacy from the standpoint of their teachers. Furthermore, to determining whether there is a statistically significant differences in the degree of organizational justice, or in the level of self-efficacy due to the variables of sex, length of service differences, as well as study a predictive equation goals show the impact of organizational justice among secondary school principals in self-efficacy and physical education teachers in those schools. To achieve this, the researcher conducted a study on a sample of (138) as a teacher and a school divided into directorates breeding Babylon province were chosen way stratified random with distribution disproportionate and representing 20% of the research community, researcher has used the descriptive approach Correlative as it suits the nature of the search for the purpose of measuring variables of the study, the researcher numbers tools by looking at their theoretical framework and previous studies on the subject of the study was to ensure the veracity of the tools through a presentation to the committee of arbitrators, have been extracted fortitude to study tools coefficient by Alfa kronbach equation, data were analyzed using the packet statistical social Sciences (SPSS ) the study found the following results:
1. The degree of organizational justice among secondary school principals in the province of Babylon, from the standpoint of their teachers were high.
2. The teachers of physical education in the province of Babylon, possess a high degree of self-efficacy and professional ambition.
3. There is a strong correlation between organizational justice among secondary school principals and self-efficacy for physical education teachers in their schools.
4. There were no statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.05) for the degree of organizational justice principals secondary schools due to the variables of sex and length of service.

The futsal is an exciting games, it's not for males, but women also participated in this game. The development of skills is one of the positive aspects so the design of tests that contribute to the achievement of performance requirements is a positive. Hence, the design of a test for the accuracy of the penalty kick is one of the skills necessary for each player. This test is based on audio and visual balance. It also has the advantages of developing mental perceptions and contributing to skill improvement