Journal of Kerbala University

A Field experiment was conducted in silty clay soil classified as Fine Loamy active calcareous hyperthermic Typic Torrifluvents . The soil was planted with Alfalfa crop variety ( Medicago sativa ) during the season of 2008 – 2009 .
Two irrigation water types were used , namely ; treated water by Care-free water conditioners system and untreated water ( Shutt-Alarab river water ) its EC was 7.94 dsm – 1 . Care-free system was conducted in the irrigation pass line of the Shutt-Alarab river water ; the diameter of system was 1.5 inch ( 3.81 cm ) .
The soil properties changed due to using Care-free system was studied after one , two and three months . The studied soil chemical properties were EC , ESP and pH of soil at depths ( 0 – 25 ) , ( 25 – 50 ) and ( 50 – 75 ) cm . The Alfalfa crop properties measured were plant height , branches number , stem diameter , length and width of leaflet , green weight and total crop production .
The results showed that the treated water significantly reduced EC , ESP and pH values by 24.55 , 18.86 and 0.77 % respectively as compared with untreated water . The EC and ESP values were higher in soil depth of ( 0 – 25 ) cm as compared with depths ( 25 – 50 ) and ( 50 – 75 ) cm . EC value also increased by 29.61 % after the third crop harvesting while the highest value of ESP was 12.35 and it was recorded after the second crop harvesting . The treated water increased the total production of the crop , green weight , plant length , branches numbers , stem diameter and leaflet length and width by 37.08 , 75.06 , 17.90 , 39.34 , 36.60 19.87 and 37.83 % respectively as compared with untreated water . Some crop parameters total crop production , green weight , plant height , length and width of leaflet were decreased after the third crop harvesting by 22.37 , 21.26 , 22.84 , 24.96 and 56.82 % respectively as compared with first harvest . The second harvest gave the biggest stem diameter , but the number harvesting was not effected significantly in the number of plant shoots

The objective of the study was to investigation the effect of Vapor Gard ( 0% , 2% and 4% ) ( VG0 , VG1 and VG2 ) and a different kinds of rooms ( S0 , S1 , S2 و S3) on some storage characteristics of orange fruits local Cv. For tow months.
The results showed that weight loss, juice percentage, TSS and pH of juice fruits were the least when VG increased . weight loss percentage was increased when the fruits was storied in the S0 with S3 which was 50% , while it decreased in the S1 which was 46% .
The percentage of juice was decreased when used the S0 (control), while the percentage of TSS decreased when used the S0 with S3 . The percentage of juice and TSS were increased when used S1 . The pH of juice fruits decreased when used S0 which was 3.4 , while it increased when used S0 with water which was 4.2 .

This study was conducted to examining the rate of increase for carp fish weight that raised in flotant cages on three densities 55,66,and 77 fish for one cubic meter from size of cage. The size of cages was 18 cubic meters. These cages was floating in Euphrates river near Mussaib city on the Iraqi summer conditions. This study was continued for 12 weeks. The fish was feeding from feed contain 30% protean .the quantity of feed was 5% from the fish weight in the each cage .The weight was measuring weekly .This study proof that the best rate of increase weight was in lower density( 55 fish for one cubic meter) from size of cage. While the lower rate of increase weight was in the highest density( 77 fish for one cubic meter) . The increase weight of carp fish influence in high densities and the best density in this study was 55 fish in one cubic meter from cage size.

In 2010 Al-Muhja [1] , introduced paper on Lebesgue integral theorem . In this paper , we discuss the some theorem in constrained approximation by using definitions Lebesgue _ Stieltjes _ i and the pseudo _ Lebesgue _ Stieltjes integral

A total of 300 stool samples were obtained from 1-day -5 years old children in several cities AL-Menshia, Al-Gurdha, AL-Naseria, AL-Thanawyia, AL-Sukara and AL-Jadeed in Sebha province / Libya. Two laboratory methods were used : flotation with sheather’s sugar solution and Modified Zehil Neelson stain for detection of Cryptospordium oocysts .The study revealed 51samples17% were positive with highest infection rates in young children between days -1< year and 1-< 2 years, which reached 41.66 % and 31.66 % respectively.

This study was conducted to examine effect of licorice extract that was added to drinking water of local Iraqi roosters on some semen traits .The animal was divided randomly in to four groups. 10%,20% and 30% of licorice extract was added to water of T2,T3 and T4 respectively. Whereas T1 used as control treatment . The results showed highly significant increase in the semen quality compare with control treatment.The ejaculation volume,mass activity, individual motility and sperms concentration increased significantly in T2,T3 and T4 in compare with T1 ,while T2,T3andT4 decreased significantly in abnormal and died sperms percentage. This study indicate that the licorice extract has good influence to improvement of semen quality of local Iraqi roosters

The objective of this paper is reduced the heat transferred quantities from or to internal building space by covering it's internal walls with many materials, therefore, build the (1x1x2)m room sample at 3rd floor for building in Baghdad city (L = 33.2 °N), and (1x2)m wall has east orientation, while the other surfaces were insulated by 200 mm styropor sheets, and using Air – Conditioner 0.5 Ton of refrigeration to afford the standard thermal comfort.
From search result found that, the hollow faced brick (120mm thickness) with 10mm polystyrene thermal insulation used as a cover layer for ordinary wall saved 47% from electrical energy consumption in Air-Conditioner, while used solid flooring brick with thermal insulation and fiber wood with colour paper covered, the metal sheet painted with thermal plastic paint with 10 mm thermal insulation gives each one of that 41.8% saving, while the covering with one of this materials hallan stone, solid flooring brick, MDF wood with thermal insulation, metal sheet with thermal insulation and metal sheet painted with thermal plastic paint gives about 35% percentage saving, while used the marble, porcelene , ceramic and hollow plastic board (for decorative used) give electrical energy reduction percentage about 27% .

The research was conducted to investigate the effect of oil extracted propolis (OEP) on production performance of broiler chicken . A total of 240,one day old broiler chickens (Ross) were randomly allocated into 4 equal treatments and each one was included 3 replicates . chickens in the treatment were given an ordinary diet and this treatment was regarded as a control where as ,chickens in the second ,third and fourth treatment were given the same diet with addition of OEP al alevel of 100,200 and 300 mg/kg .the experiment was lasted till the sixth weeks of age .body weights ,weight gain ,feed consumption and feed conversion rate were recorded weekly .
Results showed a highly significant effect (p<0.01) of OEP on body weight in the third and fourth treatments which fed on OEP at a level 200 and 300 mg/kg during the first till the third week of age where as ,no significant effect was noticed during the fourth,fifth and sixth week. Results also showed highly significant effect (p<0.01) of OEP in third,fourth treatments concerning the mean weight gain during the first week of age while these differences were significant (p<0.05) during the second and third weeks of age and the accumulative weight gain (1-3 weeks) showed ahighly significant effect (p<0.01) in the third and fourth treatments .
OEP lead to a significant effect (p<0.05) of feed consumption in the third and fourth treatment during the third and sixth weeks while the accumulative feed consumption (1-6 weeks) indicated a highly significant effect (p<0.01) .OEP showed no significant effect on feed efficiency in chickens .
It was concluded that OEP led to significant effect in improvement of body weights,weight gains and feed consumption during the first till the third week of chicken age at a level of 200 and 300 mg/kg .

The experiment was conducted in the field of Biological Department , College of Education (Ibn Al-Haitham) , University of Baghdad during the growing season of 2010-2011 to study the effect of cytokinin (Kin.) concentrations and the Level of NPK fertilizer on some harvest characteristics and active compounds in Nigella sativa L. plant . The experiment was divided according to Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates . three concentrations of cytokinin were used (50,100,150)mg. L-1were used in addition to the control treatment and two levels of compound NPK fertilizer (17:17:17) were (160,320)Kg.ha- 1with control treatment (zero) .So the experiment was factorial (3X4X3). The Results showed that treatment with cytokinin and compound NPK fertilizer and their interaction significantly increased all studied characters especially at the concentration of 100 mg. L-1 cytokinin and the level of fertilization 320 kg.ha -1 NPK on the rest of the treatments.

Disc diffusion method , Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were used to determine the antibacterial activity of methanolic extract of Ginger (Zingiber officinale) against: Escherichia coli ,Pseudomonas spp. ,Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus .The results showed an inhibitory effect of the methanolic extract on both the growth of the tested bacteria . E.coli was more sensitive to the methanolic extract ,since the averageof diameter of inhibition zones were (19.33,20.67,21.67) mm to the concentrations of (200,300,400) mg/ml respectively while S.aureus was more resistant to methanolic extract ,since the average diameter of inhibition zones were (10.33,12,12.67)mm to the concentrations of (200,300,400)mg/ml respectively. The (MIC)of E.coli, S.typhi ,Pseudomonas spp. and S.aureus were : (0.6,1.25,2.5,5) µg/ml respectively and the (MBC) to the bacteria mentioned above were (1.25,2.5,5,10) µg/ml respectively

The present paper reports the preparation of the New Ligand of azo imidazole 2,2[O-Tolidine-4,4-bis azo ] bis [4,5-diphenyl imidazole, by reacting adiazonium salt of O-Tolidine with the starting material (4,5-diphenyl imidazole ) . Utility of (MBBAI) was extracting reagent in the solvent extraction of the CoII was investigated, The effect of different parameters on the percent of extraction &extraction coefficient such as type of medium ; time of equilibration , concentration of metal ; reagent, type of solvent , effect of batch extraction , salting out , effect of some cations & anions effect of temperature . The function of thermodynamic parameter of (∆H,∆G,∆S)were calculated . The stoichiometry of the extraction is determined using tow methods Mol ratio method & Jobs′ method. It was found to be (M:L) (1:2) . The stability constant of complex in Mol ratio method was calculated . The study of UV-Visible & FT-IR spectra were studied both of reagent & complex in organic phase . At last the new study for determination of Co (II) ion organic phase was began

Depleted uranium )enrichment less than about 0.7%( is obtained from the nuclear waste obtained from civil power stations or nuclear reactors used for military purposes or reactors used for scientific purposes. The ratio of uranium effective is between 0.2 –0.3% .It has a high capacity for penetration and leading to high temperature more than ten thousand degrees celsius . It is very harmful to human health. When human body exposure to its effect leads to collapse the immune system and causing different diseases. This article focuses on the effect of adverse effect of uranium radiation on people of Babylon city .Tests were made by an environmental specialist team. Researchers were conducted the statistical analysis of cancer patients number distributed in all areas of the city. Data were taken from Morgan hospital . Comparison between regions of city center show that there is highest injury severity in some areas but not the other. The highest intensity of infection is directly proportional to the intensity of concentration of uranium in the soil. Comparison is made also between the center and its districts.

An experiment was conducted at Mishkab Rice Research Station at Al-Najaf Governorate during the summer season of 2009 , to investigate the effect of nitrogen levels (0,60,120,180)kg N/ha on quality of some Rice genotypes(Anbbar-33,Yassamen,China5 and T85).
The layout of the experiment was a split-plot in a Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D) with three replications.Nitrogen levels were the main plots while, genotypes were the sub-plots.
Nitrogen level of 180 kg/ha gave the highest values of highest total milling percentage,brown rice,bran rice and grain hardness. while , it decreased the percentage of white rice and broken grains percentage compared with the 0 kg N/ha level. Yassamen genotype gave higher extraction rate(66.4%)when received 180 kg N/ha

The study of the extension performance level of the agricultural staff occupies an important place in the extension studies in the field of agricultural sciences .The agricultural employees represent the mainstay of the extension work and the base of the pyramid .So, their performance should be recognized and work to raise their efficiency thus ,this study was to achieve the following objectives :
1-Identifying the correlation between the level of performance of the agricultural employees in Nineveh province and each of the following independent variables (age, sex, marital status, academic qualifications, growing) ,specialized in agricultural extension ,job title,the administrative assignment ,work location ,the duration of the career service ,the duration of the extension service ,training during service time, the work nature ,the material work conditions, efforts assessment and the organizational weather).
2-Determining the relationship between the level of the agricultural employees and independent factors in the province of Nineveh .
The study community included agricultural employees working with the agricultural circles and departments in the province of Nineveh ,who were 565 agricultural employees . A random sample was taken in a proportion of 35% of the agricultural employees to be the number of (198) employees.The information were collected via a questionnaire by interviewing and post. The results of the study get to (48) extension works approved by expert teachers from the department of the agricultural extension and transferring the agricultural techniques of the college of agriculture and forestry and the teachers of the department of business administration at the college of administration and economics and the teachers of the department of psychology at the college of education and the teachers of the department of sociology at the college of arts at the university of Mosul.
The study results showed that there is a positive significant relationship between the level of performance and each of the following independent variables : The duration of the extension service, training, the nature of the work, the material circumstances of the work, efforts assessment and the organizational weather .
The study results showed that there is a negative significant relationship between the level of performance and the duration of the career service .The study results showed also that there is a positive insignificant relationship between the level of performance and the following independent variables : The marital status and the administrative assignment .The results showed that there is a negative insignificant relationship between the level of performance and the following independent variables (age, sex, the educational level, growing, specialization, the job title, the work location) .The study illustrated that the factor (the nature of the work) was the most contributive factor in explaining the variation in the level of performance ,followed by the factor (the organizational weather) and (the duration of the extension service) then (the duration of the career service) ,and then (in-service training) and finally (the assessment of efforts)

The work included preparation of Schiff Base ligand (PhHPI) derived from condensation
reaction of (4- Amino Antipyrine)with p-hydroxy benzaldehyde and the product react with
(2-amino pyrimidin) .Three chelate complexes have also been prepared by reacting the ligand with the metal ions Zn(II),Cd(II and Hg(II). The preparation has been conducted after fixing the optimum conditions of concentration .U.V- visible spectra of the complex solutions of the above metal ions have been studied for a range of concentration which obey lampert-Beers rule .The structures of complexes are deduced according to mole ratio method .The ratio of metal: ligand obtained are (1:2) for all complexes. The stability of complexes in solution were also studied.(UV-Vis) absorption spectra of ethanolic solution of complexes showed bathchromic shift. The infrared spectra of the chelating complexes have been studied We can conclude that the proposed geometrical structures of the complexes of Zn(II) Cd(II)and Hg(II) ions are tetrahedral.

This study was accrued in the animal house of science collage/kufa university for conducted to demonstrate the effect of oral administration of celery oil against Cadmium acetate induced toxicity in albino rats.The male white albino rats 230-250 g were housed in standard metal cages 40x30x15 cm in average 4 rats/cage. The experimental rats 4 in each group distributed into five experimental groups with a shared control group received only normal saline orally. In first group a received dose 20 mg\kg of cadmium acetate was orally administrated to the rats for 30 days. In second group, the same concentrations of cadmium acetate and celery oil in dose 500 mg\kg were administered into the experimental rats for 30 days.In third group, the same concentrations of cadmium acetate and celery oil in dose 500 mg\kg were administered into the experimental rats for 30 days and fourth group a received dose 500 mg\kg of celery oil only was administered into the experimental rats for 30 days .finally in the fifth group a received dose 1000 mg\kg of celery oil only was administered into the experimental rats for 30 days.The data indicated that, in experimental Cadmium acetate treated rats, the average of the body weight, liver and kidney were decreased compared with control group received normal saline only. Moreover, Celery oil and cadmium acetate group showed a significant improvement of , the average of the body weight, liver and kidney in the rats compared with cadmium acetate treated rats. Blood hemoglobin , red blood corpuscles count, packed cell volume were significantly decreased and the white blood cells account was significantly increased in cadmium acetate treated rats compared with control group, while the groups celery oil and cadmium acetate increased the blood physiological parameters(Hb,RBC,PCV) and decrease WBC count in the treated rats.As well as the enzymes activities of serum Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) , Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were significantly increased by orally administration of cadmium acetate compared with control group, while adding Celery oil and cadmium acetate decreased the high levels of these enzymes comparing with the control group. Cadmium chloride administration resulted in a high concentration of lipoprotein in the serum comparison to control group, adding celery oil and the cadmium chloride restored the levels of these markers to their normal levels in comparing to Cadmium acetate treated rats. These results demonstrated that celery oil had a protective effect against the toxicity induced by cadmium acetate. Finally: the above results indicated a protective effect of celery oil administration against cadmium induced toxicity in the white albino rats

An experiment was carried out in the green house of Biology Department/ College of Education Ibn-Al-Haitham / University of Baghdad by using plastic pots with capacity of 4 Kg soil , the experiment was designed according to a completely randomized design(CRD) with three replications.
The experiment was conducted to study the influence of foliar application of four concentrations of Urea(46%)as a source of nitrogen (zero ,500 , 1000 , 2000) ppm , and three concentrations of Zinc Sulphate as a source of zinc (zero,25, 50 ) ppm and their interaction on the elements concentrations (nitrogen , phosphorus , potassium , calcium and magnesium) in the vegetative part of Fenugreek plant cultivar(Indian). The aim was also to assess their effect on (No.of grains/plant)and (seeds yield /plant).
Results indicated that foliar application of Urea and Zinc sulphate and their interactions gave significantly effect on the nutritional and the yield status of Fenugreek plant particularly in the case of the concentration 1000 ppm Urea and 50 ppm Zinc sulphate which gave the best values of characteristics studied

The present study was conducted at Mishkab Rice Research Station at Al-Najaf Governorate during summer season of 2009 , to investigate the effect of nitrogen levels (0,60,120,180)kg N/ha on growth, yield components of some Rice genotypes(Anbbar-33,Yassamen,China5 and T85).
The lagout of the experiment is a split-plot in a Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D) with three replications.Nitrogen levels were the main plots while, genotypes were the sub-plots.
The following results were obtained :
Nitrogen level 180 kg/ha gave the highest values of number of days from sowing to physiological maturity,plant height, number of grains in panical ,number of branches/panicle, number of active tillers/ m2 , area of flag leaf,1000grain weight and paddy yield.
T85 genotype was superior in trwament giving the highest grain yield(7.6 t/ha)due to higher number of active tillers/m2 and 1000grain weight .
There were a significant interactions between nitrogen levels and genotyps the highest grain yield(8.6 t/ha) were obtaind from genotypeT85 received 180kg N/ha.

This work aimed to study the effects of different concentration of dried leaves and seeds of Basel as feed additives and an alternative to antibiotics on broiler performance , which have ant inflammatory ,antibacterial and others medical effects.
These experiment used ( 60) broilers chicks of one day age type Hubbard, The chicks divided randomly into ( 4) groups and each group of ( 15) chicks.
The study showed the effects of different concentration of basil dried leaves given in 0.20% ,and 0.40% as feed additives , comparated with antibiotic addition of oxytetracycline 40 ppm ,. T0, T1 , T2 , T3 , and T0 as control . Parameters of weight of chicks, feed consumption , feed conversion and weight gain . The result showed the chicks fed Basil diets had significantly improved the performance of broilers than those of the control.It would suggested that the supplementation of broiler chicks with diets 2g/ kg – 4 g/ kg of Basil improved production performance and as alternative to the antibiotics as feed additives .

The ability of bacteria Bifidobacterium spp to produce the secondary metabolism ( antimicrobial activity) were tested and to consider its activity in inhibition the growth of enteric pathogenic bacteria which is represented by ( Shigella dysenteriae, Esherichia coli Enterobacter cloacae, Salmonella typhi , Proteus mirabilis , Klebsiella pneumonia).
The study revealed that the growth of bacteria was influenced by many factors when producing these compounds such as temperature , O2 , and pH as well as the cultural media through the process of bacterial counting . The best production of antimicrobial agents was recorded when the count of bacteria were 1×109 cell / ml .
The inhibition activity of bacterial cells against tested bacteria were less than cell filtrate supernatant .We also used different compounds from CFS in the contrastive study . The activity increased to reach its maximum at the concentration 100 mg / ml which has the ability to inhibition the growth of all types of bacteria with diameters inhibition zone ranged from (24.5- 13) mm.. The bacteria also has the ability to adhesion . The rate of adhesion was (60-70) % and also the value of MIC and MBC was specified . The amount of MIC was 25 mg / ml and the mount of MBC 50 mg / ml , the LD50 was also specified and its percentage was 1000 mg / ml . So the use of this CFS is safe from a hygienic point of view

An expeiment was conducted in the green house of Department of Biology / in College of Education Ibn – Al – Haitham / Baghdad University for the growth season (2008 – 2009)to study the effect of four concentrations of gibberellic acid ( 0,25,50,100 ) ppm and three levels of concentrated triple superphosphate ( 0.25 , 0.50 , 1.00 ) gm / pot on some c.v local characteristics related to Fenugreek plant (Trigonella foenum graecum L.) in which cultivated in pots of ( 5 kg ) soil per pot. The experiment was performed according to complete random design ( CRD) and three repeated whereby the experiment has included (36) pots.
The results showed that the concentration of (50) ppm of gibberellic acid and the level of (0.50) gm / pot of superphosphate led increase to a significant increase in dry weight , plant height
, number of branches per plant-1 ,increase number of pods and percentage of protein of fenugreek plant.

The synthesis and characterization of new three series of polymers containing two heterocyclic rings 1, 3, 4 – oxadiazole are reported. The molecular structures of the intermediates and target compounds were confirmed by FTIR and 'H-NMR spectra

The main objective of this research is to construct and develop system to execute commands of operating system by using speech recognition system that is capable of recognizing and responding to speech inputs rather than using traditional means of input (e.g. computer keyboard, mouse), this will lead to save time and reduce effort by the user. By other words, this system would be useful for computer applications by presenting the human speech as a substantial substitute for input devices; This is of great importance to increase the interaction between people and computers by using speech recognition; Especially for whom suffer from health problems, for example, persons with disabilities from the movement. By using voice recognition system sphnis-4 which contains many tools to help and supports in order to execute this system. This research select simple prototype from commands of MS.WINDOWS as start to applicable this system by using Dos environment.

Background: Prostheses have been identified as a source of cross contamination between patient and dental personnel. Although aseptic guide lines were established to minimize the potential for disease transmission by prostheses, many laboratories and dental offices have failed to follow these procedures. Dental personnel have an increased risk of infection through constant exposure to debris, plaque and saliva, which harbor pathogenic organisms and adhere to prostheses. Dental personnel also may transmit potentially harmful organisms to patients.

Surface roughness is known to be factor in the entrapment of microorganisms on acrylic surface, significantly higher number of microorganisms cells were observed on roughened surface than on smooth surface. In present study olive oil, and glycerin oil are used as a substitute for tin foil & cold mold seal (alginate mold seal) in the process of curing clear cold cure acrylic resin against stone and evaluating these new materials as a separating medium on surface roughness of cold cure acrylic resin cured in air(bench curing ), and in water(ivomat curing). A total of (64) specimens from clear cold cure acrylic resin were prepared for surface roughness test and divided into two major groups ,each major group subdivided into four subgroup according to the type of separating medium that used during processing .The major group one include (group A, group B, group C,& group D) ,the major group two include( group A1,group B1,group C1,&group D1) .From the result obtained, in bench curing groups, statistically significant differences in mean surface roughness value was observed of tin foil group compared with cold mold seal group ,from the other hand non significant differences between cold mold seal with olive oil group& glycerin oil groups ,also non significant differences between tin foil group with olive oil and glycerin oil groups ,but in ivomat curing groups , statistically significant differences between tin-foil group compared with cold mold seal group & olive oil group ,and highly significant difference between tin-foil group with glycerin group ,from the other hand non significant differences among cold mold seal group ,olive oil group and glycerin oil group.

This study was designed to evaluate antimicrobial activity of Allium porrum aqueous extract against some pathogenic bacteria. So that, the aqueous extract of A. porrum was screened for its anti-microbial activity using the plate agar diffusion method. It was tested against six bacterial species; three Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus pneumonia and Staphylococcus aureus) and three Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The susceptibility of these different bacterial species toward the extracts of this plant was compared with each other and with selected antibiotics (gentamicin and tetracycline) used as positive control. Results showed that aqueous extract of A.porrum had antimicrobial activity against all bacterial species.Then the active components which exist in aqueous extract were detected. Result indicated that amino acid with sulphate, glycosides, saponin and phenol were present in the aqueous extract

The electronic distribution and energy level as well as modes of vibration of Acetone molecule are studied theortically using ab-initio methods .
The geometry optimization of the acetone was obtained depending on the restricted Hartree- Fock (rhf) equation for the restricted system by using STO - 3G basis sets.
The modes of vibrationes were calculated under the steady state geometry condition and presented in graphically with frequency,intensity and symmetry for each mode.
The molecular orbital calculation and energy level diagram appears that paired electron . The Ionization potential is equal to = 8.757333 eV , while the low electron affinity is equal to =8.075379 eV.
The total energy of acetone equal to (-5157.258583 eV) where calculated by Ab-initio method compared with different semi-empirical methods, indicate that Ab-initio method is very high accurate method to give the geometry more stable , because it takes in to a ccount all electron internal and external orbital but need a long time for calculation with a large process capacity .

The linear and nonlinear optical properties represented by nonlinear refractive index and nonlinear absorption coefficient were determined using a highly sensitive method known as Z-scan technique. Z-scan experiment was performed using Nd-YAG1064) nm( and Nd-YVO4 laser in two parts532) nm). The first part has been done using a closed aperture placed in front of the detector to measure the nonlinear refractive index at two wavelengths. The second part was done using an open aperture to measure the nonlinear absorption coefficient at two wavelengths.

The optimization of simulation ruby laser passively Q-switched with Cr:YSO solid state saturable absorber have been investigated numerically, using constrained Rosenbrock optimization technique. The output pulse width is 23.46 ns. The optimum values of some rate equations parameters (γc, γa and β) were found under the optimization technique. The relation of γc parameter with Cr:YSO solid state saturable absorber molecules number and pulse width have been predicted.

Celiac disease (CD) is characterized by malabsorption of nutrients , chronic inflammation and damage of small intestinal mucosa caused by the ingestion of gliadin fraction of wheat gluten and barley . Since the anemia its diagnosis the CD, therefore were measured iron, total iron binding capacity(T.I.B.C.) , and its relationship with antigliadin IgG,IgA and serum albumin. Thirty patients with CD were studied and compared with twenty healthy individuals. Significant elevation of iron and albumin and anti-gliadin IgG,IgA were observed in the sera of patients with CD compared with the control group. Also a significant negative correlation between anti-gliadin IgG,IgA and iron were found in the sera of patients with CD while a non significant correlation were found between albumin and anti-gliadin IgG,IgA in the sera of patients with CD.

The problem of tool wear monitoring in machining operations, has been an active area of research for quite a long time. The accurate prediction of tool wear is important to have a better product quality and dimensional accuracy. In cutting tools the area close to the tool tip is the most important region and conditions at the tool tip must be carefully examined, if improvements in tool performance are to be achieved
In this study, 3-D finite element modeling of precision hard turning has been used to investigate the effects of cutting edge micro-geometry on tool forces, temperatures , stresses and tool wear in machining of AISI 1045 steel using uncoated carbide inserts with four distinct edge preparations. Three type of edge preparation are redesign by using software solid work 2008 , 1-honed edge(0.25 ,0.5 , 0.75 mm) , 2-chamfer (0.025 ,0,05 ,0.075 mm) , 3-land (150 and 0.05 ,0.1 ,0.2 ,0.3 mm) . Also perfectly sharp edge which is not prepared and redesign .
Simulation results for Hone micro-geometry inserts have tendency to result in lower forces, hence lower tool wear. Chamfer micro-geometry provides higher localized stress concentration. The highest stress and strain on workpiece occurred in the primary shear zone due to the highest deformation in this region, followed by the secondary shear zone. The maximum generated temperature was also found on secondary shearing zone .

Many sequencing problems have a combinatorial nature and they are very difficult to optimality within acceptable computation times.
We consider the problem of scheduling jobs on a single machine minimize the maximum completion time and maximum weighted earliness time. The jobs partitional into families, and a setup time is necessary for scheduling the fest job and when there is a switch in processing jobs from one family to jobs of another family. And to solve this problem we suggested method heuristic to compare and test different local search method

The research includes the synthesis and identification of type mixed ligand complexes of M+2 Ions using amino acid (anthranilic acid) a primary ligand and nicotinamide as secondary ligand. The mixed ligand complexes of composition, Cl [M(NA)2(A)]
Where anthranilic acid (C7H7NO2) symbolized as AH and nicotinamide(C6H7N2O) symbolized (NA) .The ligand and the metal chlorides were brought in to reaction at room temperature in ethanol as solvent .The reaction required the following molar ratio ](- [(1:2:1)(metal:2NA : A- ]with M+2 ions, where
M(II)  Mn(II), Co(II),Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) Cd(II), Hg(II) and pd(II)

The results showed that the deprotonated ligand( anthranilc acid ) to anthranilate ion ( A) by using (NaOH) coordinated to metal ions as bidentate ligand through the oxygen atom of the carboxylate group (COO), and the nitrogen atom of the amine group (NH2), where the nicotinamide coordinated as a monodentate through the nitrogen atom.