Iraqi Journal of Humanitarian, Social and Scientific Research

Much ink has not been spilt on the study of assessing of the English-Arabic translations made by Bing Microsoft engine. The aim of the current paper is to assess translation of some selected translated texts of Dickens's book and El-Farahaty's book for legal translation and compare them with the translation of Bing Microsoft engine. These translated texts are from specialized domains namely literary and legal texts. It is hypothesized that Bing Microsoft produced lexical and syntactic mistakes that influenced the translation's quality and left the translations' meanings ambiguous. The current paper's findings indicated that Bing Microsoft engine cannot be utilized as a competent instrument for English-Arabic rendering, and the human interventions are important and essential for accuracy and quality of rendering .

The current research aims to identify:1- The level of performance of kindergarten directors from their point of view in light of national concepts.2- The level of performance of kindergarten teachers from their point of view in light of national concepts.To achieve the objectives of the current research, the researcher followed the descriptive approach, as the sample size for the current research was chosen, using the stratified random method with a proportional distribution, as the sample size for the current research was (16) kindergarten principals and (84) kindergarten teachers), The researchers adopted a tool to measure the research variable, as the researchers built a scale to evaluate the performance of kindergarten principals and teachers according to scientific steps, and after verifying the validity of the scales’ items, they were applied to the target sample by extracting the psychometric properties of the scales and analyzing their items statistically, using a set of statistical methods, namely the t-test for one sample and treating it statistically. He reached the following results:1- The level of performance of kindergarten principals in light of national concepts was good. 2- The performance of kindergarten teachers in light of national concepts was acceptable as a minimum.

The research limits included the curricula of primary and secondary schools in Iraqi schools.A complete sample was taken that included (3000) three thousand male and female teachers, represented by elementary, middle, preparatory and secondary schools, through an electronic questionnaire, in addition to (50) schools that were interviewed personally with social media.
The research aims to study the reality of developing and changing the structure of modern educational curricula in the Ministry of Education when the revolution of the pillars of old traditional education came, which establishes a new approach to education. Development has also become a fundamental pillar in societies in order to advance an educational reality and an advanced level for the teacher at the level of Iraq and the governorate level in particular. The learner acquires distinctive characteristics in order to fulfill his responsibilities through the era of development and technology that has become widespread in the recent past. From this standpoint, the teacher acquires the necessary skills to perform jobs at a high level of sophistication. This requires providing curricula for the primary and secondary stages that are compatible with the era of globalization. Therefore, this research aims to evaluate the curricula by the teacher and teacher for the primary and secondary stages. The researcher used a measurement tool to verify the validity and reliability of the sample, as the questionnaire was presented to an elite group of arbitrators and its reliability was calculated using the test method. A sample size of (500) schools and (3000) teachers and teachers was taken for all scientific and human specializations, for both sexes, and then withdrawn randomly by preparing an electronic questionnaire and a field questionnaire to evaluate The reality of school curricula for primary and secondary stages by teachers and instructors in Iraq and standing on the opinions of the research sample and developing them and evaluating the curricula and changing them in a manner consistent with the technological development that the country has recently introduced. In addition, a personal interview was conducted with the citizens of the community and questions were asked to them regarding the curricula and answers were obtained, in addition to social communication with teachers and instructors in the governorates of Iraq and taking the opinion regarding changing the school curricula and answers were obtained. In light of that study, the results reached that the majority support changing the curricula in a manner consistent with the levels, circumstances and environment in which the students live. Then the study concluded with a set of recommendations and proposals

This research explores the ethical considerations surrounding using artificial intelligence (AI) in social media. This complex domain presents numerous ethical challenges and dilemmas that emerge when AI is integrated into social networking platforms. Employing a descriptive methodology, the study included a sample of students and teachers from various categories within Risafa Education. The research seeks to ensure the responsible and safe utilization of AI that respects human values and promotes societal well-being. This necessitates a careful balance between diverse values and interests to guarantee this technology's ethical and accountable application. Through a series of tests, the study yielded a set of recommendations and suggestions that can benefit educational practices.

The success of the educational and teaching process in the school to perform its tasks depends to a large extent on the success of its administrations and their ability to direct the educational process and requires efficient leadership to achieve the set goals because the success of every educational administrative work depends on those who carry it out and on the extent of their sincerity, efficiency and ability to provide the correct guidance that is characterized by wisdom and science in the field of educational administration. Therefore, school principals are an important and essential element as leaders of the educational and teaching process. They must be familiar with what makes them real leaders armed with knowledge and science through academic specialization in the field of educational administration, and academic commitment makes them leaders characterized by high ambition to develop themselves within their educational field of work. Whereas the leadership personality is a personality characterized by insistence on achieving the goals for which the leadership position was found, and the leadership personality is a personality characterized by creating an atmosphere of familiarity, love and cooperation with others, which enhances the student's academic commitment, makes him an active element and helps him prove and confirm himself, and makes him able to face all difficulties and challenges. The researcher used the descriptive approach in the current research. The research aimed to identify the level of leadership behavior and academic commitment among the respondents and to identify the correlation between leadership behavior and academic commitment among them. It also identified the differences in the statistically significant relationship between leadership behavior and academic commitment according to the variable (gender) males, females. The sample amounted to (100) male and female students. The researcher prepared a scale for the purpose of measuring leadership behavior to suit the research sample and used the scale (Al-Saedi, 2014) to measure academic commitment. The results showed that the research sample has leadership behavior and academic commitment, and that there is a positive relationship between leadership behavior and academic commitment. The results also showed that there are statistically significant differences between the two variables according to gender, in favor of males. These results were interpreted in light of previous studies and theoretical frameworks related to the variables, and recommendations and suggestions were presented.

The current research aims to identify the analysis of the performance evaluation criteria adopted to evaluate school teachers and analyze the standard for preparing curricula in primary schools according to quality standards. The researcher adopted the descriptive-analytical approach on two samples, the first of which included (150) male and female principals in primary schools and the second sample (450) male and female teachers. The questionnaire was used as a tool for collecting information, as a questionnaire was formulated for each of the research objectives. To reach the results, the researcher used statistical methods represented by (weighted mean, percentage weight). Among the most prominent results reached by the research is that there is a weakness in many paragraphs of the teacher performance evaluation form, in addition to the existence of a gap in the approved standards for the science subject for the sixth grade of primary school.

This research addressed the role of the teacher in light of global transformations and the challenges imposed by educational, social and technological changes. It focuses mainly on analyzing the most important difficulties facing teachers, for example, curriculum pressures, administrative burdens, and weak professional support, in addition to the impact of economic and social transformations on the educational role of the teacher. The research also suggests several strategies to confront these challenges, including enhancing continuing vocational qualification, integrating technology into the educational process, in addition to developing educational policies that support the role of the teacher by improving working conditions and reducing burdens. In the last section, the importance of building a sustainable educational future was touched upon, where the teacher is empowered to be a main focus in the educational development process. It addresses designing flexible curricula that are in line with global transformations, and integrating human values with modern technologies to achieve comprehensive and distinguished education. The research reflects the importance of investing in the teacher to ensure the quality of education and meet the requirements of the times.

This study explores the relationship between modern education and sustainable development, with focus on the Danish experience as a successful model that has integrated educational and developmental concepts to achieve sustainability goals. The research aims to examine the modern educational methods adopted by Denmark and analyze their impact on economic, social dimensions, and the possibility of their application in Iraq. The findings of the research reveal that the Danish experience relied on integrating sustainability concepts into educational curricula and developing practical programs that enhance critical thinking and social responsibility among students. Additionally, the Danish model has demonstrated significant success in reducing carbon emissions, supporting the green economy. In Iraq there exists a gap between the current educational systems and the requirements of sustainable development due to challenges such as weak infrastructure, the absence of policies oriented toward sustainable education, and complex economic, social, and political conditions.

The current research seeks to identify administrative empowerment and its relationship to self-confidence among primary school principals. In order to achieve the research objectives, the study adopted the descriptive correlational approach as a study method through a sample of school principals in the Second Karkh Education Directorate consisting of (150) principals distributed according to a set of demographic variables. In order to collect data and information, the research tools were designed and their validity and reliability were verified. After applying the research tools, the study reached the following results:
1. There is a high level of administrative empowerment dimensions from the point of view of primary school principals in Second Karkh.
2. There is a high level of self-confidence among primary school principals in Second Karkh.
3. There are statistically significant differences between males and females in administrative empowerment and self-confidence among primary school principals, and these differences are in favor of males.
4. There are no statistically significant differences due to the academic qualification of primary school principals in administrative empowerment and self-confidence.
5. There are no statistically significant differences in the work experience of primary school principals in administrative empowerment and self-confidence.

The study aimed to identify self-destructive behaviors and their relationship with emotional Stability among university students. The researcher used the descriptive approach, and the study sample consisted of (250) male and female students, representing approximately (10%) of the study population, which totaled (3248) students. The researcher adopted a self-destructive behaviors scale consisting of (40) items and an emotional Stability scale consisting of (70) items. The validity of the tools (face validity and construct validity) and reliability were verified using Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency.The study reached several key findings, the most important of which are: - University students exhibit self-destructive behaviors.- The level of emotional Stability among students was (255.245), indicating a high level compared to the hypothetical mean of (210). - The study revealed no statistically significant correlation between self-destructive behaviors and emotional Stability among university students.

Today, the world is witnessing rapid technological development that greatly affects all aspects of life, including education. With the increasing reliance on digital technologies in educational environments, the importance of educational security is emerging to protect students, teachers, and educational institutions from increasing cyber threats. Importance of research: This research aims to explore the challenges and opportunities that technological development poses to educational security, and to provide a future vision for safe education in light of this rapid change. Increasing cyber-attacks targeting educational institutions, lack of awareness of the importance of cyber security among students, teachers and administration, deficiencies in the technical infrastructure to protect data, as well as the urgent need to develop comprehensive security policies. Cybersecurity poses a major challenge to educational institutions. Educational institutions must adopt a comprehensive approach to cybersecurity that includes technology, people, policies, and invest in training students and teachers on sound cybersecurity practices. Collaboration must occur between educational institutions and experts in the field of cybersecurity to develop innovative solutions. This research emphasizes the importance of educational security in light of the rapid technological development. By taking action, educational institutions can protect their data and school community, and ensure a safe and effective learning environment.

The goal of the current research is to identify the reality of applying hybrid education in open educational college centers from the point of view of professors. To achieve the goal of the research, the researchers adopted the descriptive analytical method, and a questionnaire consisting of (30 items) was prepared according to a three-point Likert scale for responses (weak, moderate, high) after verifying the Validity and reliability. The questionnaire tool was applied to a random sample of (50) male and female professors distributed among the college’s educational centers. It was applied in the academic year (2024-2025 AD) and after collecting and analyzing data, the results showed the use of hybrid education among professors of the College of Education. In light of the results of the current research, the researchers recommend emphasizing the training of professors in hybrid education, and the need for the Ministry of Education to pay attention to encouraging and urging professors to build educational programs. Computerization based on hybrid education, as well as educating students about the importance of hybrid education to achieve positive outcomes for the educational learning process.

The study aims to reveal the relationship between climate characteristics and the phenomenon of increasing frequency of dust phenomena and to identify the general trend of climate elements and phenomena and determine their path. The study relied on the annual rates of climate elements and phenomena and represented a time series (1976-2023) divided into three climate cycles: the first climate cycle (1976-1992), the second climate cycle (1993-2005), and the third climate cycle (2006-2023) to determine the general trend of climate elements and the frequency of dust phenomena on the one hand and to use statistical analysis to compare those climate cycles for three governorates (Basra, Maysan, Dhi Qar) that represent southern Iraq. The study showed clear changes in the climate of the southern region of Iraq. Climate elements changed for the period between (1974-2021) for climate elements (maximum temperatures, minimum temperatures, total rainfall rates) and the extent of their reflection on (dust phenomena, suspended dust, rising dust) and thus knowing their environmental effects.

This research attempts to investigate the role of artificial intelligence in boosting the process of English language instruction and facilitating cultural communication among individuals. Artificial intelligence serves as a potent instrument in the advancement of language teaching methodologies, particularly in the context of English language instruction. It offers innovative educational solutions that facilitate the attainment of more rapid and efficient outcomes in comparison to conventional approaches. The research addresses various AI tools and techniques such as interactive applications Duo lingo and Babble that help improve reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills, in addition to the use of natural language processing (NLP) software and voice assistant systems. It illustrates the application of virtual and augmented reality technology in developing simulated learning environments that facilitate successful learner engagement with educational content.

The study of human and social sciences is of great importance in all fields related to human life, so the research aims to shed light on the role of digitization in developing human and social sciences, so the research relied on the use of the descriptive approach that presents the theoretical concepts related to describing the phenomenon that is the subject of research and study. Therefore, the study concluded that: The application of digitization helps to enhance the capabilities of the social and human sciences, in light of what it provides in terms of new tools and technologies to assist in research, such as data analysis methods, and providing methods for education, which leads to developing our understanding of societies and people. Digitization in the humanities and social sciences has effectively helped to develop the practice of these sciences in a manner that is compatible with the digital age. With the aim of producing and exchanging knowledge, the researcher also recommends the necessity of providing the infrastructure that helps in the shift towards digitization and spreading the culture of using digital technology and applying it in the humanities and social sciences.

This research aims to develop the basic idea of introducing the Qur'anic text into computer processing techniques to explore the semantics of acoustic structures, which is part of computational linguistics, which in the modern era has become a fertile material for the codification and modernisation of language after it was able to introduce linguistic semantics into the world of computing. The science of phonetics since its inception - with its characteristics - began with scientific rules that are somewhat similar to those mathematical and physical laws that do not accept subjectivity and arbitrariness; therefore, it is the closest among the linguistic approaches to analysing texts, and perhaps the best support for this is that it entered early in the modern era the world of technology and the so-called sound laboratory and acoustic radiology. The process of computing linguistic sounds ‘phonemes’ is summarised by converting the acoustic features and their distinctive representations and binary correspondences into digital signals and codes that the computer understands, and then if they are combined in their syllables and combinations, they will certainly result in semantics by the processor that is full of digital rules that in turn convert digital signals into functions and semantics, and this work is similar to what the human mind does from the conversion processes to reach the results. This analytical system does not rely on the denominator and what is related to it, but rather on the material of sounds and what is formed from the syllables that the phoneticians counted and put specific connotations to them; so the analysis and its output will be more ideal and scientific.

The era in which we live is the era of speed and technology. Today, we are witnessing a revolution in the tremendous and rapid development in various aspects of life. This revolution has resulted in progress at a level that is not simple, even in backward countries, in addition to progress in the use of the Internet and smart devices in the field of education and learning. We see tangible positives at all levels. At the university level, we see the accumulation of experiences for the developed educational material that is capable of continuous development, as well as reducing the cost of education in the long term, in addition to the optimal use of human and material resources and overcoming the obstacles of place and time. In the end, obtaining effective education based on modern technology. As for the level of the learner’s benefit, it includes motivating students by providing a new and modern means of education and providing scientific materials to students throughout the day and on all days of the week, as well as providing flexibility for students in choosing the time and place for education according to what suits their needs, in addition to providing the possibility for the student to choose what suits him from the various methods and approaches of education, thus increasing the student’s cultural stock and making it easy for him to obtain the required information in the fastest time. The result of this lies in saving effort and time for the scholar and the learner.

Artificial intelligence and digital technologies are rapidly transforming the way cultural and artistic heritage is protected, understood and appreciated. The deep learning is employed for restoring damaged artworks by accurately filling in missing sections, preserving their integrity while dramatically reducing time and costs. Digitization lies at the heart of this transformation, enabling digital preservation, accessibility and engagement of historic works to a wider audience, thereby protecting their essence. The integration of AI into cultural heritage preservation opens up new opportunities for interdisciplinary, education and cultural exchange, fostering stronger bonds between diverse communities and their shared history. This study summarizes the findings from 2020 to 2024, drawing on data from relevant scholarly repositories, including Google Scholar, Elsevier, and MDPI. It concludes that the use of AI in cultural heritage primarily involves four main technologies: machine learning, deep learning, virtual reality, multimedia management, and big data. The study examines the data used, the results achieved, and the challenges faced in these applications.

This study explores the comparative use of Internet sources versus traditional books among university students, analyzing the motivations behind their preferences and the implications for academic learning. With the increasing accessibility and convenience of digital information, many students favor the Internet for its quick retrieval of data, often at the expense of deep engagement with printed materials. This research identifies key factors influencing this trend, including the ease of access to online content and challenges related to vocabulary and comprehension among students. Furthermore, it discusses potential solutions to encourage a balanced approach to information consumption, such as fostering reading clubs and workshops that promote literary engagement and vocabulary development. By understanding these dynamics, the study aims to highlight the importance of both mediums in the educational landscape and propose strategies to enhance students' learning experiences.

In order to improve educational systems, this study investigates how comprehensive quality management (CQM) concepts might be integrated with contemporary educational orientations. Education systems may enhance academic results and institutional procedures by fusing contemporary strategies like technology integration, inclusion, and lifelong learning with CQM's emphasis on continuous improvement, stakeholder participation, and data-driven decision-making. The study illustrates how this integrated strategy fosters educational justice, creativity, and adaptation using examples from countries like Singapore and Finland. It also discusses issues including the digital divide and aversion to change, providing ways to get beyond these obstacles. In order to prepare education systems for future difficulties and make sure they fulfil the changing requirements of learners, the paper wraps up by highlighting the significance of professional development, fair resource access, and teamwork.

of the study: This study aimed to identify the level of comprehensive quality and modern visions in developing education among students of the Open College of Education by describing and analyzing the reality of the specialization, with a statement of finding a positive correlation between comprehensive quality and modern visions with the development of education. A distinction was made between the three aspects of the meaning of comprehensive quality in education, namely design quality, performance quality, and output quality. The research adopted the strategic planning methodology in the study by describing the reality of quality and modern visions in colleges. With an attempt to develop the concept of comprehensive quality and work with it at all stages, and holding periodic conferences to inform educational leaders of colleges of education about the extent of the possibility of applying comprehensive quality management, which is reflected positively in improving the quality of education and raising the level of its performance with the aim of improving the educational process and selecting educational leaders capable of applying quality assurance and who possess the capabilities and skills necessary to achieve this.

In teaching English language, stories prove to be a helpful and amusing tool for Iraqi students learning this language. The writing of this article focuses on the benefits of using stories as a tool used in teaching and also provides practical tips on how to incorporate stories into the classroom. Stories can help to improve the students' language skills and also foster their love for learning through engaging their imagination and their creativity. The use of stories in language teaching has been shown to increase students’ motivation and engagement, along with improving their skills in listening, speaking, reading, and writing. This article provides examples of how stories can be used effectively in the classroom and offers suggestions for selecting appropriate stories and incorporating them into lesson plans. Overall, the use of stories in language teaching offers a fun and effective way for Iraqi students to improve their English language skills.

Taste serves as the foundation for every critical idea, as the literary critic begins their work—when analyzing and studying a literary piece—by presenting it to themselves to assess their response and impact, a stage known as appreciation. The critic then seeks objective reasons for the impressions the work leaves on them. These reasons may successfully explain the response or may fail, leaving certain aspects of beauty resistant to explanation. It has long been said in our literary heritage, "There are things that knowledge surrounds but cannot articulate." No matter how much criticism evolves, its methodologies diversify, or its tools change, the personal human taste in selecting and analyzing literary texts cannot be eliminated, as the criteria of literary criticism are ultimately an organization of sound taste. With the advent of artificial intelligence competing across various fields, some researchers have experimented with presenting texts to AI to examine its evaluation of them. Through this study, we aim to highlight the differences—through an applied analysis—between the judgments of human taste and artificial intelligence in a neutral scientific manner.

This study aims to analyze the impact of using electronic payment methods in educational institutions and the extent to which clients (employees) accept them, as they represent a modern technological tool in an era dominated by globalization. Commercial banks have given significant attention to enhancing the use of information and communication technologies, and modern computing systems, to facilitate interactions with both banks and individuals, thereby saving time and effort.The problem of this research emerged from the challenges related to the transition from cash (paper-based) transactions to the use of electronic payment methods and ATMs, as well as the lack of awareness regarding the services provided by these cards, such as bill payments and transfers between accounts. Additionally, there are issues related to using electronic payment methods, including weak internet connections at ATMs and customers’ fear of using them, as these are modern electronic tools that some clients are not accustomed to.The researcher concluded with the most important finding: electronic payment methods are a vital tool for enhancing the financial performance of educational institutions. Therefore, banks and academic institutions bear the responsibility of raising awareness about the use of electronic payment methods.

This research aims to identify (the extent to which students (teachers) at the Open Educational College, Samarra Branch, practice effective teaching skills from their point of view). The researcher used the questionnaire as a tool for col-lecting data and it consisted of a list of (36) skills distributed over six areas: : (Effective planning, effective implementation, asking questions, diversifying stimuli, stimulating motivation, and effective evaluation), and after verifying the apparent validity of the tool Its reliability was applied to a population of teacher students, which numbered (70) students. The researchers used the Pearson corre-lation coefficient to measure the stability of the tool, the weighted mean, and the percentage weight to present and interpret the results. The results of the research revealed the following:
 The students (teachers) at the Open Educational College, Samarra branch, possessed acceptable skills and a high degree of effective teaching skills, which helped them to practice them in teaching and the educational process before them.
The researchers made a set of recommendations, including
 Holding specialized development courses on effective teaching skills for stu-dent teachers in open educational colleges
 Adopting a list of effective teaching skills that were identified in this current research and benefiting from them. In evaluating students (teachers) in the pri-mary stage and benefiting from it.
The two researchers proposed a set of proposals, including:
 Conducting a study aimed at identifying the level of determining the practice of creative teaching skills by students of teachers in the College of Education from the point of view of primary school principals
 Conducting a study aimed at investigating the opinions of student teachers in the College of Education about the problems and obstacles that hinder the appli-cation of effective teaching skills.

The current Researcher aims to study The effectiveness of teaching science using the Snowball strategy in academic achievement and the development of teamwork skills among 5th grade students. The researchers used a partially controlled experimental design in their study. To achieve the research objectives, the researchers formulated null hypotheses that assume the purpose of detecting statistical differences between the two groups: the experimental group that was taught using the Snowball strategy, and the control group that was taught using the traditional method. The research community consists of 83 students, with 25 students in the experimental group and 25 students in the control group. The researchers established equivalence between the two groups in a number of variables (in terms of age, prior knowledge, and equivalence in teamwork skills). The researchers also prepared a research tool, which is an achievement test consisting of (10) objective questions. Five points are allocated for each question, so the final score for the test will be between 0 and 50. The measure of teamwork skills is used to determine the level of teamwork skills available to fifth-grade students by examining specific skills (coordination, consultation, cooperation, objectivity, team belonging, by identifying five educational situations from the science curriculum that illustrate these skills. Two fractional grades have been allocated for each of the previous skills, so the total score for the scale ranges between 0 and 10 points. The researchers used the following statistical methods in analyzing the data represented by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), and the t-test for determining equivalence and study hypotheses, and using Pearson correlation coefficients to determine the reliability of the tool. The research results showed significant differences between the average scores of students in the two groups (experimental-control) in the post-application of the achievement test in favor of the experimental group that studied the science material using the Snowball strategy. In light of the results reached by the researchers, they presented recommendations and future proposals.

The purpose of this study was to determine how the Ministry of Education's training project helps primary teachers learn the fundamentals of teaching skills and to show how differences between them depending on the variables (gender, years of service, and specialization). The descriptive analytical method was employed by the researchers. For the academic year 2023–2024, all primary stage (second circle) instructors employed by the Erbil Central Education Directorate included the research population. To accomplish the goals of the study and gather data, the researchers built a training of basic teaching skills questionnaire. The questionnaire exhibited stability. The basic sample of the study, which included (150) male and female teachers, was administered the questionnaire by the researchers. The collection, organization, and analysis of the data have been done according to the (SPSS) program, and the researchers have reached these results:
1- The training program of the Ministry of Education has a positive role in developing the basic teaching skills of teachers.
2- There are statistically significant differences at the level (0.05) between male and female genders in favor of males.
3- There are statistically significant differences at the level (0.05) between years of service, and the differences appeared between less than (15 and more than 22).
4- There are no statistically significant differences at the level (0.05) between all specializations.

The study aims to investigate performance of teaching skills by social teachers in intermediate schools in Kirkuk. Governorate from the point of view of teacher supervisors.The researcher used a questionnaire as a data base to fulfil the aim consisting of(49)items distributed over four fields (administration of class, planning of lesson, execution and evaluation), after checking a questionnaires' veracity, the study has applied on some of specialist teacher supervisors(History and Geography) consisting of 9)male and female.The researcher considered all members of the research community as individuals sample in his research due to their small number. The researcher used the Pearson correlation coefficient, the weighted mean, and the percentage to interpret the results. The results showed that there were average level of social studies teachers' practice of teaching competencies .The general average of the percentage for all groups reached to (%77.91), which is a good level for practicing teaching competencies. While the number of veracity fields (37) as a total. The research has reached to (49), with a rate of (% 75 .51) of the total fields. The researcher has obtained some recommendations and suggestions such as focus on doing more studies in this field to develop vocational preparation programs in the colleges of education. Moreover, making effective and influential communication links between schools and colleges of education.

The research addressed the topic of management applications of intelligence to accomplish administrative tasks and shed light on two problems, the first related to the nature of decisions taken by artificial intelligence and the second problem related to the extent of the suitability of using artificial intelligence applications and their impact on the decision-making process and forming administrative decisions free of error and not wasting time and effort for administrative decision-makers and preserving the rights of individuals .The impact of digital intelligence, intelligence techniques, development of artificial intelligence, administrative decision and artificial intelligence.

The field of education has witnessed a remarkable development in artificial intelligence, which has opened up new opportunities for the development of methods of teaching applied mathematics. The research aims to explore the role of artificial intelligence in learning applied mathematics by employing smart systems to analyze student data, customize learning paths, and provide interactive solutions that benefit students and teachers. The research highlights the most important current applications of artificial intelligence, such as smart teaching systems, adaptive assessment, and interactive simulations that help students absorb complex concepts in applied mathematics. The research discusses future visions for the use of artificial intelligence in improving the efficiency of education, such as developing algorithms capable of providing Creative solutions to educational challenges. The research addresses the most important challenges associated with employing artificial intelligence in training teachers on the use of modern technologies, and the research discusses the implications of integrating artificial intelligence in education to achieve parity and provide educational opportunities for all. The research provides practical recommendations for educational institutions to adopt artificial intelligence in teaching applied mathematics and focus on developing educational strategies that are compatible with the needs of t

The puppet has been associated with human imagination and has been known to civilizations since ancient times. It is the product of multiple civilizations that took precedence in the list of expressive arts because of the human connection with the puppet as it is the unifying of his imagination and includes his ideas, carrying the myths and stories of his era. Therefore, the puppet theater is one of the most important educational, educational and entertainment means that contribute to the process of inculcating Values, principles and the development of mental, psychological, emotional, social and aesthetic aspects, as well as pleasure and entertainment, and here the research problem was identified in investing the energies and possibilities of the importance of the aesthetics (methodological framework), aim, its importance, and defining the terms. In the framework of her theoretical research, the researcher explained the first topic (the puppet theater of education), while the second topic emphasized (the aesthetics of receiving in the puppet theater), and the third chapter included the research community In analyzing a theatrical show for puppets, out, the most important of which is the ability of puppets to express and influence through its techniques that move human self-awareness, which gives the show extravagant pleasure. It also included some suggestions and recommendations, as well as a list of sources and references and a translation of the abstract in English.

In recent years, the world has witnessed extensive scientific progress in light of technological progress. Since the blind are part of this world, their education has become easy thanks to this progress, especially their education in the humanities.The study aims to employ artificial intelligence in the education of the blind and support them by the competent authorities. Perhaps one of the most important problems addressed by the research is the integration of a wide segment of the blind into society through the Ministry of Education and ways to educate them. We followed the experimental approach in collecting data, analyzing it and extracting its results.

Despite ongoing efforts to improve Iraq's education system, it faces significant challenges, including inadequate infrastructure and insufficient funding. A key factor impacting student learning outcomes is the school environment, as many schools in Iraq lack essential facilities. Additionally, overcrowding and a shortage of qualified teachers hinder the ability to offer personalized attention to students. In response, the government is working to provide institutional support to enhance the quality of the school environment and promote comprehensive, sustainable development. This research evaluates the effectiveness of the institutional support for the school environment in alignment with the goals of the government program by analyzing performance indicators and assessing the policies and strategies implemented. The study identifies the strengths and weaknesses of this support, offering recommendations for improving the school environment. Using a descriptive-analytical approach, the research includes data collected through surveys and an analysis of relevant studies, research, and statistics from the Ministry of Education.

This research shows the impact of the Fourth Industrial Revolution on the growth and development of Arabic literature in the era of artificial intelligence. The uses of artificial intelligence have been numerous in all areas of life, especially the educational field. Which could open the way for many endless deductions and bring about a radical change in human life in the long term, as technological development and the changes the world is witnessing in light of the industrial revolution, artificial intelligence will be a source of development and progress in the human sciences during the coming short period, and it can With his deductions, he can establish a new digital human world. In the past few years, the literary scene has witnessed the emergence of what is called (digital literature) or (interactive literature), which is one of the manifestations of innovation in the poem, and the emergence of this genre is not something new that occurs in the Arabic poem, after the (vertical poem) was dominant in The poetic arena in the pre-Islamic, Islamic and Umayyad eras, (Muwashahat) appeared in Andalusian literature, and was followed by the appearance of the poem (Free Poetry) or what is called With (tafila poetry) in the modern era.

The aim of the research is to find out the extent to which art education can enhance the dimensions of sustainable development by identifying the most important entrances and obstacles from the point of view of teachers with a proposed perception to enhance the contributions of art education in the development and promotion of the dimensions of development. Enhancing the development dimension of sustainability in terms of importance. As the results showed, there are obstacles in achieving development in schools The tool was applied to a sample of 80 teachers of art education / affiliated to the Baghdad Directorate of Education Al-Karkh III. The researcher recommended including the dimensions of sustainable development in the arts curricula and linking it to all art lessons, especially art education at all levels.

Blended learning is a combination of traditional and electronic education aimed at enhancing the quality of learning and meeting learners' needs through diverse and flexible educational environments. It focuses on the learner, fosters interaction between students (third-year students in specific departments at the Open Educational College, Kirkuk Center), and teachers, while providing flexibility in time and place .Blended learning integrates traditional methods with modern technologies, enhancing learners' practical and research skills. The educational process aims to transfer knowledge and develop students' skills to achieve a balance between theoretical and practical aspects, preparing them for professional life and keeping pace with technology. Blended learning offers several advantages over traditional education, such as flexible interaction through electronic tools and classrooms, varied assessments, and both digital and written content. It enhances education by facilitating access to information and enriching the learning experience. However, it faces challenges such as weak infrastructure and a lack of training in technology. Despite these challenges, blended learning provides innovative solutions to improve the educational process, bridging the gap between traditional and modern approaches to education

Artificial intelligence (AI) represents the pinnacle of humanity’s achievements in modern technological advancements. It is an interconnected technical system based on the continuous development of machines and programs that rival human intellectual capacities. Applications of artificial intelligence have permeated various aspects of human life, including homes, banks, offices, hospitals, satellites, animated films, video games, art exhibitions, military drones, and machine translation, making this technological system a "comprehensive social and cultural phenomenon."The study sheds light on the emergence, concept, and importance of artificial intelligence, along with a general overview of the relationship between AI and the humanities. It also explores the role of AI in supporting historical studies, concluding with key findings and recommendations derived from the research.

The educational system in Iraq is no different from any other production system. It operates within the framework of a well-thought-out strategy that takes into account the prevailing economic and social conditions surrounding it. To achieve effective and high-level education, the quality system must be introduced as a feature of the modern era due to its connection to productivity and improving production. This quality takes into account the deep-rooted cultural structure within the educational community, the prevailing organizational climate, the level of technical progress, and the available material and human resources. Quality also seeks to meet the needs and aspirations of the parties supporting education.
Achieving educational goals is not limited to academic education only, but extends to include training, as the continuous learning process opens new horizons for individuals and deepens their understanding of the importance of applying the concepts of total quality. This process also helps them realize how to interpret these concepts and embody them practically on the ground.One of the most effective mechanisms for the success of the quality scale in educational institutions in Iraq and for promoting the culture of internal self-evaluation at all educational levels, this enhances the efficiency of overall performance and is a starting point towards achieving further development of academic performance.

The current research aims to:
1. Determine the quality culture standards for teaching art education.
2. Evaluate the performance of art education teachers in light of the quality culture standards from the point of view of school principals.
3. Identify the significance of statistical differences in the quality of teaching performance of art education teachers according to (gender, years of teaching experience, training courses)
The researcher used the descriptive approach for its suitability to her research procedures. The research community was determined by the male and female art education teachers for the primary stage in the schools of the General Directorate of Education in Baghdad / Al-Karkh I for the academic year (2024/2025), whose number was (657). The research sample included (76) who were chosen randomly .The researcher will adopt the observation card as a tool for her research, which the researcher prepared according to the psychometric characteristics. The tool included the standards of quality culture in teaching, which are (planning, teaching strategies, classroom management, scientific material, evaluation field, teacher professionalism). The five-point Likert scale was adopted in it. The researcher will extract apparent and constructive validity, then the reliability will be extracted using the Cronbach's alpha coefficient. After completing the preparation of the observation card, the researcher will apply it to the research sample. The researcher will use the SPSS program to analyze and interpret the data in order to reach the results. In light of the results, she will recommend a set of recommendations, and to complete her research, she will propose a number of proposals.

This future vision aimed to develop educational psychology in open colleges by describing the reality of the specialization and analyzing it. The researchers adopted the strategic planning methodology in the study by describing the reality of educational psychology in colleges. And analyzing this science and stating the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges. Accordingly, the future vision of its goals was formulated and some proposed mechanisms were put in place to implement the psychology development plan and determine performance indicators to measure the success rate in implementing the vision .

The research aimed to explore the following:
1. The level of self-realism among university students.
2. The significance of statistical differences in self-realism based on gender and field of study.
3. The level of psychological stress among university students.
4. The significance of statistical differences in psychological stress based on gender and field of study.
5. The significance of differences in the correlation between self-realism and psychological stress among university students based on gender and field of study.
To achieve the research objectives, the researchers undertook the following steps:
Due to the absence of an existing tool to measure self-realism, the researchers developed a scale representing the research variable after reviewing previous studies. The scale consisted of 20 items rated on a five-point Likert scale. Additionally, the researchers adopted the Carver & Scheier (1989) scale, comprising 25 items, to measure psychological stress.
The sample included 400 university students (140 males and 260 females) during the academic year 2023-2024. The results were as follows:
1. University students exhibit self-realism.
2. There are statistically significant differences in self-realism based on gender, with no significant differences based on field of study.
3. University students experience psychological stress.
4. There are statistically significant differences in psychological stress based on gender (favoring males), with no significant differences based on field of study.
5. The correlation between self-realism and psychological stress does not vary based on students' gender or field of study.
The research concluded with a discussion of the findings and provided recommendations and suggestions.

This study was conducted on 150 students from different levels of study at the Open Educational College / Al-Karkh Study Center by using the form of a questionnaire from google Forms. The importance of this research lies in developing educational competencies and providing operational time plans and comprehensive strategies. Research has also been adopted in all areas of research and development to keep pace with the requirements of the modern era and the technical . This study seeks to address the growing environmental challenges facing water availability, food production, and the livelihoods of millions of people. These impacts will continue to increase if we delay the rapid, systematic scientific pursuit of reducing greenhouse gas emissions that cause global warming . explosion in educational methods in a way that serves society to confront the risks resulting from climate change. This research aims to scientifically educate students in the era of increasing greenhouse gases and increase climate literacy among young people. Education in all its forms, especially integrated education, is one of the decisive factors in adapting to climate change. The effects of climate change are becoming increasingly felt in all regions of the world . We conclude from this that if we do not reduce greenhouse gas emissions, this will lead to huge material and human losse Therefore, we develop educational programs that are presented to members of society, especially those who are within the educational age, in the form of electronic seminars that fall within the educational curriculum to instill environmental culture and concepts of sustainability in the hearts of generations in a systematic manner, by enriching the educational system

The current study aimed to know the nature of the correlation between blended learning and future thinking. In order to achieve the goal of this study, the researcher followed the descriptive correlational approach. The study community consisted of all students of the Open College of Education/Sarh Al-Din Study Center. The study sample consisted of (220) male and female students, (116) male students and (104) female students from all departments of the college and for all stages. The researcher built the research tool, which was represented by the Future Thinking Test (25) paragraphs. The appropriate statistical analyses were conducted for the test paragraphs and their psychometric properties were verified. After relying on the statistical tools to analyze the results of applying the test, we found the following results.
1) Sample members possess the acceptable level of blended learning.
2)Sample members possess the acceptable level of future thinking.
3)There is a strong correlation between blended learning and future thinking.
In light of the results of the study, a number of recommendations and proposals were made for those concerned in the field of research and in the educational field.

The psychological state of the individual represents the main axis and the engine that drives his reactions, especially verbal ones. The psychological state affects the structural structure of sentences, in addition to its effect on vocal performance, especially at the level of suprasyntactic phonemes, or what is known as the syntactic level, i.e. (stress, intonation, and pausing). Cognitive linguistics has proposed a theory known as (cognitive salience). Through this theory, some aspects of deletion that occur in sentences can be explained depending on the recipient’s perception and understanding of the intentions of the speech. Transformative linguistics developed by Noam Chomsky was concerned with the mental processes performed by thought, which results in a change in the original structure of the sentence and undergoes various changes from deletion, addition, introduction, or delay. This study aims to reveal the influence of the psychological state of the speaker or recipient and its impact on the formulation of sentences. My study included the phonetic, syntactic, and pragmatic levels, and I divided my research into three sections: the first of them studies the phonetic level, the second section studies the syntactic (grammatical) level, and the third section studies the pragmatic level of the language.

The twenty-first century has witnessed the emergence of many modern and innovative technologies as a result of the information revolution, which has contributed significantly to the development of educational institutions in various fields. Accordingly, it has become necessary to benefit from these technological innovations and employ them in the educational process in an effective way that enhances students’ motivation towards learning. Hence, a new concept emerged, which is (mobile education), which is considered an unprecedented development in the educational rocesss, as it contributed to facilitating access to information in a more flexible way compared to traditional methods. Mobile education relies on the use of wireless technologies, which made it impose itself strongly in various sectors, including the education sector. The current research aims to identify the degree of faculty members’ attitudes towards using mobile education. The relationship between faculty members towards using mobile education according to the gender variable (males – females)
Finding the relationship between faculty members towards using mobile education according to the specialization variable (scientific – humanities). The two researchers built a scale of mobile education prepared for the Iraqi environment and for university professors. The scale consists of (40) paragraphs distributed over three axes. The research sample included faculty members present in one of the Iraqi universities in its two branches (scientific and humanities). Statistical tools were used, including (the t-test equation for one sample – the test equation for two independent samples – the arithmetic mean equation – the standard deviation equation – the Pearson correlation equation). The results showed that faculty members have a high awareness of the use of mobile education.
There are no differences between males and females in the use of mobile education. There are no differences between the teachers of the specialization (scientific / humanities) in the use of mobile education, meaning that they have the same level of their use of mobile education in the digital age. A set of recommendations and proposals were reached.