Karbala Journal of Physical Education Sciences

The study aimed to design and standardize tests for the combinatorial abilities of football players aged (12-14), to identify the level of skill performance for the game of football and the compatibility abilities of football players aged (12-14) years, to identify the strength and direction of the correlation between combinatorial abilities and skill performance. for the game of football, as well as setting the values of the ability of skill performance for the game of football according to the playing centers in terms of the harmonic abilities of the selection of players. The researchers used the descriptive approach (in a survey method, reciprocal study (correlative and comparative) and predictive studies for their suitability in achieving the research objectives and solving the thesis problem. In the provinces of the middle Euphrates (Karbala - Babil - Najaf - Qadisiyah - Muthanna), the number of which is 247 players, the researchers reached several conclusions and recommendations, the most important of which were: In the middle Euphrates governorates at ages (12-14) years, the studied harmonic abilities have a contribution rate to the skill performance of the offensive line players in specialized schools in the middle Euphrates provinces in football at the ages of (12-14) years, the studied harmonic abilities have a contribution to the skillful performance of the players The midfield in specialized schools in the central Euphrates governorates in football at ages (12-14) years. The studied harmonic abilities have a contribution rate in the skill performance of defensive line players in specialized schools in Middle Euphrates football keepers at ages (12-14) years, that the studied visual abilities have a contribution to the skill performance of offensive line players in specialized schools in the middle Euphrates governorates in football at ages (12-14) years, and the researchers reached the following recommendations, using tests Concerned with measuring the compatibility abilities of football players aged (12-14 years) in specialized schools, using and benefiting from the results of the current study in classifying football players aged (12-14 years) in specialized schools

Emotional maturity is one of the emotions that are related to the personality of the athlete and affect his relationship with the athletes and his continuation in training. For the purpose of adherence to the correct performance of offensive skills in basketball, workers in this field must know the weaknesses that permeate the performance stages and then overcome them by finding the right and appropriate solutions. Since university students suffer from psychological problems and obstacles as a result of the life situations they are exposed to, these problems are quickly manifested in anger, anxiety, tension, fear of failure, and difficulty in self-control and compatibility with others. Hence the problem of the research was manifested, as it called the researcher to use the descriptive approach for its suitability to the nature of the problem and the objectives of the research, where the research community reached (100) students from the first stage / College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / University of Karbala for the academic year 2020-2021, as the sample was chosen by the method The randomization was by lottery and included (30) students representing 30% of the research community. The scale contains (65) items, and after being presented to a group of experts, the scale is ready in its final form and contains (65) items. The answer alternatives are: (always, often, sometimes, rarely, never) and it is given when the grades are corrected (5, 4, 3 , 2, 1), and the researcher concluded that the students of the first stage enjoy a good degree of emotional maturity and that it was reflected positively on their performance of the basketball skills under study, which recommended that teachers should emphasize attention to the psychological aspects of students in order to raise the level of their emotional maturity, which is reflected on The level of their performance of offensive skills under study and conducting similar research on activities in other sports.

The importance of research was manifested in raising the scientific level, especially the basic offensive skills in basketball, and communicating scientific information to the teacher and student about the importance of any successful and best method in education. As well as a statement of the role and importance of the teaching method used, which is (Linear Programmed Learning) in basketball to learn the basic skills of basketball, and thus shorten the time and effort for the learner and the teacher. The objectives of the research were to prepare linear programmed education in learning some basic skills of basketball for students, and to identify linear programmed education in learning some basic skills of basketball for students. The researcher used the experimental method. The research sample included first-year students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences. The most important conclusions are that the method of linear programmed education is of great importance in teaching some basic skills in basketball, and the research recommended the adoption of linear programmed education as it is a method of great importance in teaching some basic skills in basketball.

The aim of this research was to design an assistive devices for the purpose of increasing (performance security), and preparing exercises using the manufactured device that can work on developing visualization and kinetic feeling, and directing the motor path positively, and this in turn will generate desire, suspense, and impulse among the players in teaching the skills in question. The researcher used the experimental method, and the research sample was chosen in a deliberate way for the players of the National Center for the Care of Sports Talents in the artistic gymnastics game at the ages of (9-11) years beside Karkh. Analyzing and discussing the results reached in the pre and post tests and placing them in tables, and it will result that the exercises prepared according to the manufactured educational system positively teach the experimental group the two research skills: (the front-back great cycle), and at a greater level than the control group, which improved at a lower level

The aim of the research is to prepare exercises with high levels of load (maximum and under maximal) in raising the level of some types of strength and skill performance in basketball for advanced, and to identify the effect of exercises with high levels of load (maximum and under maximum) in raising the level of some types of strength and skill performance in basketball for advanced. The researcher used the experimental method. The Maysan Basketball Club's advanced players were selected. The research concluded that the exercises used and the maximum and under maximum loads effectively helped to develop the strength characteristic of speed and to develop some basic offensive skills in basketball, the maximum load is better in developing the strength characteristic of speed than the loads less than it, and this is an indication that this ability can only be developed in degrees of load maximum. The researcher recommended the adoption of the exercises used and the maximum and under maximum loads that effectively helped in developing the strength characteristic of speed and to develop some basic offensive skills in basketball, and the adoption of the maximum load in developing the force characteristic of speed being better than the loads less than it, and this is an indication that this ability can only be developed in degrees of maximum load.

The aim of the research is to prepare and implement educational units for the constructivist learning strategy, to identify the effect of the constructivist learning strategy on learning skills. The researchers used the experimental method with two groups, an experimental group and a control group. The research community was determined by the intentional method of third-grade students, Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - College of Basic Education at Al-Mustansiriyah University. As for the research sample, it consisted of female students of the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, the third stage of the academic year 2020-2021, and the educational program was implemented for a period of 12 weeks, with one educational unit per week, and the teaching unit lasted 60 minutes. The research concluded that the use of the constructivist learning strategy had an effective effect in learning some basic skills in football for halls. The study recommended emphasizing the use of the constructivist learning strategy in teaching some basic football skills for the halls, and the use of this strategy in learning other skills and games

The research aims to identify the effect of using special exercises in developing handball dribbling and scoring skills among middle school students , in addition to knowing which is better (special exercises or the method used) in the variables of the current study. The sixth literary and sixth applied grades in Al Karma Preparatory School for Boys for the academic year 2018/2019, numbering (40) students, were divided into two groups and (20) students per group. They were given tribal tests in the skills of tapping and scoring in handball.
The researcher concluded that special exercises have a positive effectiveness in developing handball dribbling and scoring skills among middle school students, and the researcher recommended emphasizing the use of these exercises in other skills and activities and paying attention to handball skills

The aim of the research is to prepare and implement an educational program based on some principles of Teres theory in learning handstand skill in gymnastics, to identify the differences between the results of the pre and post tests for the experimental and control groups in learning handstand skill in gymnastics, and to identify the priority of the two research groups in the results of tests The dimensionality and the dimensionality of the experimental and control research groups in learning handstand skill in gymnastics. The two researchers used the experimental approach for two experimental and control groups of equal numbers, each group consisted of 20 first-grade students in the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, College of Basic Education, Al-Mustansiriyah University. The researchers reached many results, including the effectiveness of the educational program's effect according to the principles of Teres theory in learning handstand skill in gymnastics. The researchers also recommended the use of these principles in teaching other skills and for different groups.

The aim of the research is to identify some biokinetic variables and their relationship to the performance of the fore-rolling ascent on the balance beam device for the female students. The research sample included third-year students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / University of Diyala from 02/12/2019 in the Gymnastics Hall in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences. The researchers have prepared all the requirements of the analysis in addition to the use of the law apparatus for technical gymnastics in terms of measurements and through which the experiment and imaging procedures were carried out with the help of the work team. And the hip angle during performance in all stages from the moment of getting on the device with the performance.

The research aims to identify the scientific knowledge and its relationship to the creative qualities of physical education teachers. It is considered an effective tool to reach the creative qualities and to reach the goals by the best means and the lowest costs and within the limits of the possibilities and available resources. Teachers, it is necessary for the professionalism of this segment to have complete and updated scientific knowledge of the laws, rules, performance methods, competitions, terms, plans, and their participation in all sports activities and sports, so that through these activities he can achieve the best. The researcher used the descriptive approach in the survey method for its suitability to the nature of the research problem, and the research community included physical education teachers in primary schools in the center of Babylon province, who numbered (63) teachers representing (25) schools in the center of Babylon province, and in order to achieve the objectives of the research, standards were prepared Scientific knowledge, creative qualities, and data processing using the (SPSS). The researcher concluded that there is a high correlation between scientific knowledge and the creative qualities of physical education teachers in the province of Babylon.

The aim of the research is to identify some functional responses after physical effort between handball and table tennis players at Al-Mustansiriyah University, comparing some functional responses after physical effort between handball and table tennis players at Al-Mustansiriyah University. The research sample included a sample of handball and table tennis players in Al-Mustansiriyah University were randomly selected by (8) handball players and (5) tennis players. The researchers conducted an exploratory experiment to find out the obstacles and problems that may appear during the main experiment through which they identify the validity of the devices and tools used and know the time taken for the tests. Many conclusions were reached at the time of the appearance of significant differences in heart rate in favor of handball players, there are significant differences in the physical adequacy test pwc170 between the level of table tennis players and handball players and in favor of handball players, and there is a difference in the maximum consumption of oxygen Vo2max at a rate of ( 9.5) scores in favor of handball players.

The current research aims to prepare psychological endurance exercises in a competition style in developing some basic skills in tennis, and to identify the effect of psychological endurance exercises in a competition style in developing some basic skills in tennis. The researchers used the experimental method for two control and experimental groups of equal numbers. The most important conclusions were that psychological endurance exercises in a competition style are important and successful in developing some basic skills in tennis, fear, anxiety and psychological stress during skill performance and for long periods that decrease and skill performance succeeds when applying training units similar to the conditions of the match and under high psychological pressure. It was recommended to adopt psychological endurance exercises in the manner of competition as they are important and successful in developing some basic skills in tennis, and emphasizing training to reduce fear, anxiety and psychological pressure during skill performance, and this is done when applying training units similar to the conditions of the match and under high psychological pressure.

The study aimed to design a water free-swimming device for the rehabilitation of lumbar herniated discs, and to identify the effect of free-swimming with a designed device in rehabilitating the flexibility of the spine and the degree of pain for lumbar disc herniation's. The researchers used the experimental approach by experimental group designing with a pre and post test. The research community was selected from (4) athletes with lumbar disc herniation for various sports in the holy city of Karbala. The researchers concluded the positive effect of the water system used for free swimming in rehabilitating the flexibility of the spine and the degree of pain for people with lumbar disc herniation. This device is recommended for use in hydrotherapy for spinal injuries.

The aim of the research is to identify the level of physical and kinetic intelligence for teachers of sports specialist and non-specialist middle schools in Baghdad, comparing the level of physical and kinetic intelligence between teachers of sports specialist and teachers of non-specialist in middle schools in Baghdad. The researchers used the descriptive method in a comparative method, as it is the most appropriate method for the nature of the research. The research sample was chosen by the intentional method represented by specialized sports teachers and non-specialized teachers in middle schools in Baghdad for the academic year (2020-2019), and they are 40 teachers representing (6) middle schools, with (15) physical education teachers and (25) teachers without specialization. In light of the results of the current research. The researchers were able to formulate a set of conclusions, which are the presence of differences between teachers of education and teachers of non-sports specialization in the measure of physical and kinetic intelligence, and it was in favor of teachers of physical education, and the dwindling of the differences of specialization between teachers of physical education and teachers of non-sports specializations in the measure of physical and kinetic intelligence, as the results of the study proved Until the teachers of physical education and teachers of other departments have their share, and their share of kinetic intelligence, and each of them has his way of forming this type of physical and kinetic intelligence.

The research problem was manifested: by following up and observing the researchers and their interaction with many administrative bodies in Iraq, they noticed that there are clear internal conflicts in the administrative bodies through dividing into small groups consisting of (2-3) members that adopt ideas and perceptions contrary to other groups and criticize them and seek by all means To impose its will and oppose visions and decisions, and because the success of the work of the administrative organizations comes through controlling these conflicts to achieve the desired goals in raising the sporting level of the club teams, so the researchers decided to identify the definition of grades and standard levels for conflict management in order to advance the reality of the work of administrative organizations in Iraq, As well as, the most important objectives of the research are: Codifying the scale of conflict management on members of administrative organizations in Iraq. Extracting the grades and standard levels of the conflict management scale among the administrative organizations in Iraq. As for the research population and its sample, it included members of the administrative organizations of the clubs of the Middle Euphrates region for the season (2020-2021), as the number of clubs in the Middle Euphrates region reached (54) clubs and their total number of members was (432). The most important conclusions were the high level of members of administrative organizations in the variable (conflict management). While the most important recommendations were the degrees of the legalization sample on the scale (conflict management) of members of the administrative organizations in Iraq distributed on three standard levels under the normal distribution curve are (good - medium – acceptable(.

The study aimed to identify the relationship between conflict management and decision-making among members of administrative organizations in the Middle Euphrates. The study hypotheses that there was no significant correlation between conflict management and decision-making among the administrative organizations in Iraq. The current research population defined by members of the administrative organizations of the middle Euphrates clubs for the season (2020-2021), as the number of clubs in the Middle Euphrates region reached (54) clubs and the total number of its members is (432).
The most important conclusions were the codification of conflict management scales consisting of (28) paragraphs and decision-making consisting of (26) paragraphs for members of administrative organizations in the Middle Euphrates, and the high level of decision-making among members of administrative organizations in Iraq leads to a higher level of conflict management for them. The most important recommendations were the possibility of benefiting from the conflict management and decision-making measures in measuring these two variables for members of administrative organizations in the Middle Euphrates. Emphasis on developing the ability to manage conflict and make decisions through developmental and psychological courses. Legalization of the two standards on all employees in the administrative field of other sports institutions.

The aim of the research is to prepare special exercises according to the form of playing that address many of the problems faced by the team and the players during the game and through which it is possible to reach the goal, which is to raise the level of endurance of speed, which increases the performance of the players and their tactical behavior in the plan laid out in the fullest manner, and the aim of the research is to prepare exercises Especially according to the form of playing in developing the speed endurance and the tactical behavior of young football players, identifying the effect of special exercises according to the form of playing in developing the speed endurance and the tactical behavior of young football players. The researchers used the experimental method and designed the experimental and control groups. The sample of the research included football clubs in Karbala governorate. The research concluded that there is a positive effect of special exercises according to the form of play in developing the endurance of speed and the tactical behavior of young football players.

The aim of the research is to prepare educational units in a guided discovery method to develop motor dexterity skills of the second graders female students, and to identify the effectiveness of the guided discovery method in developing motor dexterity skills of the second graders female students. The researchers used the experimental approach, and the pre and post tests were the most important data collection tools. The two researchers concluded that the small games included in the educational units had a positive effect, as they achieved a development of the motor skill skills of the second graders female students, and added an atmosphere of fun and pleasure. The two researchers recommended paying attention to the application of modern methods in physical education lessons in primary schools, especially the guided discovery method in relation to the development of motor dexterity skills that children need in their daily lives.

The current research aims to identify the level of emotional innovation for students, to identify the level of skill performance, to identify the relationship between emotional innovation and skill performance in basketball for students, therefore, to reach the form of direct and indirect relationships between research variables (emotional innovation, skill performance) among students of the first stage. In the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - University of Kerbala. The researchers used the descriptive approach by survey method and causal relationships. The researchers also adopted modeling by constructivism. The research sample consisted of students of the first stage of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / University of Karbala, and the sample consisted of 100 students, with an average age of 18 years of first stage students. The researchers reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which is that students of the first stage enjoy a good degree of emotional innovation, and that emotional innovation was positively reflected on their offensive skill performance in basketball. The researchers recommended the necessity of emphasizing teachers to pay attention to the innovative aspects of students in order to raise the level of their skill performance in basketball, and to conduct similar research on activities in other sports.

The importance of this study is manifested in the fact that it contributes to finding the correlational relationships between the variables of mindfulness and the variable of control of the reaction according to the cognitive system of Rehocam for the students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Al- Qadisiya, which is reflected for the trainers, specialists and teachers in this game by taking into account these variables in addition to its relational relations of these relationships by specialists and apply them in order to develop levels for students in a scientific manner characterized by accuracy and credibility and thus achieve progress and mathematical development. With the variable of control of the reaction through the variables of mindfulness to know the importance of the variables for students when practicing futsal, the researchers used the descriptive approach in the survey method and correlations to solve the research problem. A student divided into four divisions of (30) students, where the researchers concluded that there is a positive correlation between the variables of mindfulness and the variable of control of the reaction of the sample examined.

The study aimed to identify the effect of healthy sports intervention in energy consumption among female university students in Iraq. The researcher selected 44 young women between the ages of 18 and 22, as a research sample who completed a 12-week of healthy sports intervention consisting of simple exercises done at home with nutritional information about a good diet. A 24-hour food scoring model was used to measure dietary behavior. ANOVA was used to assess whether there were differences in the pre and posttests. The results showed a significant difference in energy consumption between the pre-test and the post-test (12 weeks) for the experimental group (mean difference = 1301.35 kcal, p < .001, ɳ2 = .774). While there was no significant difference in energy intake from the pre-test to the post-test (12 weeks) for the control group (mean difference = 141.44 kcal, p < .200, 2 = .039). In addition, the experimental group was significantly different from the control group in the post-test (mean difference = 1718.24, p < .001, 2 = .734). Based on the results, it was concluded that the 12-week of healthy sports intervention was effective in enhancing energy intake among female university students.

The study aimed to identify the effect of a proposed program for a physical education lesson in the psychological and social adjustment of students displaced in Debaka camp at the representation of the Ministry of Education in Erbil / Kurdistan. The experimental approach with two groups, an experimental and control group was used. The study sample consisted of (90) male and female students from the first stage of intermediate school. To achieve the objectives of the research, a proposed program was prepared and designed by the researcher, which contains some psychological and social support skills applied in physical education lessons through exercises, games and activities, with a number of (16) educational units and for a period of (8) weeks, with two lessons per week. The study reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which are the level of psychological and social adaptation of the displaced students is low before the application of the proposed program, and there are significant statistically significant differences in the post-test between the experimental and control groups in favor of the experimental group, and there are no significant statistically significant differences before and after the application of the program that are dependent on the gender variable. The researcher reached a set of recommendations, the most important of which is the need to implement the program prepared by the researcher for its positive and effective impact on the psychological and social adaptation of displaced students, the importance of investing physical education lessons to achieve their goals in the psychological, health, mental and social development of students, and the need to train physical education teachers and counselors on Programs and skills to raise the level of psychological and social adaptation for displaced students

The aim of the research is to prepare functional strength exercises and apply them during the training units in a scientific, thoughtful and organized manner for young players in the easiest way possible to achieve the desired goal, which is to develop some physical abilities and perform complex skills for young people in football. The researchers used the experimental method and the research was applied to a sample of young football players in the Al-Shuhada Sports Club in Wasit Governorate, which numbered (26) players, aged (16-18) years. The researchers used functional tests as a means to obtain information for the purpose of designing a training curriculum with the aim of developing some physical abilities and complex skills for the experimental group and for (30) training units, then the post-test was conducted. The researchers concluded that functional strength training led to the development of the physical and motor abilities of the research sample, that the development in the physical and motor abilities led to the development of the level of performance of the complex skills of the research sample, and that the diversification of exercises and the use of auxiliary tools contributed significantly to the development of physical abilities.

The study aimed to investigate the level of use and employment of students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for applications and computer programs in the learning process, and the relationship of this use level to their motivation towards learning through the computer and e-learning. It was used by students of the first stage in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - University of Kerbala, and the results concluded in the first aspect related to the level of students’ use of software applications and computer programs, that the level of students’ use of computer applications was average and that students use the applications that were limited in this study with percentages Convergent As the results showed, the number of students who use each of the different applications confined to the study was close on the degree of use scale, which ranged from high, medium and low usage. As for the correlation between the level of use of applications and computer programs, and the trend towards learning through e-learning, the correlation coefficient between these two variables reached a completely positive correlation, as they all investigated the motivation towards learning in the e-learning environment.

Contrasted training is a training method in which an attempt is made to reach the maximum degree of effectiveness by using power in different and counter-directional methods within a single training unit or within groups of exercises and this helps to develop the muscle strength component, which leads to the development of other physical elements as well as the skillful performance of young players. The aim of the research was to identify the effect of contrasting style exercises with different rest time in developing the strength of speed and skillful performance of young soccer players. The researchers used the experimental approach with two equal groups, and the research population was the Karbala governorate of youth football clubs. The researchers concluded that the exercises used had a positive effect in developing the strength of speed and skillful performance of young soccer players in the post-test and for the benefit of the second experimental group.