Wasit Journal Of Sports Sciences

Football is one of the activities in which reckless collisions between players are common, and it requires high speed, changes in direction, and sudden stops. All of this has led to this game being one of the most dangerous activities for players, and most of its practitioners are prone to injuries. One of the areas where injuries occur the most is the knee joint, due to the greater burden placed on it because of its anatomical structure and the anterior cruciate ligament being one of the parts of this joint that is most susceptible to injury. The research aims to prepare rehabilitation exercises and manufacture a device (Laser Balance) for rehabilitating football players who have undergone anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) surgery. It also aims to investigate their impact on restoring the functional capacity of the ACL (muscle strength, range of motion, motor balance) after surgery for advanced football players. The researchers used an experimental approach with a single experimental group and pre-and post-tests. The research sample consisted of six individuals who underwent ACL reconstruction surgery from advanced football players in Wasit province for the season 2022-2023, selected using purposive sampling. The researchers concluded that the rehabilitation exercises, accompanied by the designed device, had an effective positive impact on improving muscle strength of the knee muscles after surgery, improving the range of motion of the knee joint, and enhancing the motor balance of the injured joint. Based on the obtained results, the researchers recommend the use of the rehabilitation exercises prepared by the researchers in rehabilitating players with other knee joint injuries and benefiting from the designed rehabilitation device in rehabilitation research and rehabilitating individuals with lower body injuries, especially in improving motor balance.

Due to the nature of the fencing game in general and the foil weapons in
particular, with its numerous playing situations and transitions from defensive to
offensive positions and vice versa in a matter of seconds, learners are required to
possess sufficient motor and skill abilities to perform the tactical duties correctly
during matches. The research aims to develop compound exercises using rubber
tools to enhance motor abilities and offensive skills in foil fencing and determine the
impact of these compound exercises on coordination, agility, and some offensive
skills. The curriculum was applied to the sample individuals over a period of 12
weeks, with one unit per week, using the experimental method with pre- and posttests. The results of the pre- and post-tests showed improvement in all study
variables, which can be attributed to the quality and effectiveness of the applied
exercises. Based on the above, the researchers recommend focusing on such
exercises that rely on comprehensiveness, precision in preparation, and the
integration of mental, motor, and skill abilities, forming an interconnected movement
series.

The research aims to identify the short-term anaerobic capacity, explosive power, and accuracy of the smashing skill among volleyball players in Halabja Sports Club. The purpose is to understand the relationship between anaerobic capacity, explosive power, and smashing skill among the research sample. The researchers used the descriptive method that is suitable for the nature of the problem. The research community consisted of volleyball players in Halabja Sports Club, with a total of 12 players. The sample consisted of 8 players from the original community, while 2 players were excluded for the survey experiment, resulting in a sample size of 6 players, representing 67% of the original community. One of the important conclusions of the study is the presence of a high correlation between the functional anaerobic capacity test and the smashing skill in volleyball. This means that the improvement of the athlete's functional respiratory devices positively affects the accuracy of the smashing performance. The results also showed a high correlation between functional anaerobic capacity and explosive power of leg muscles, which led to the development of smashing skills in volleyball. The researchers recommend the need to focus on training methods to develop functional anaerobic capacities, as they are essential for volleyball players to develop physical attributes and necessary skills for the game.

Competition among psychologists and educators who are interested in learning and teaching methods, especially in introducing various learning activities and techniques, which make the learner the basis of the educational process and turn them into thinkers and critics after being just recipients of information and conveyors of facts and knowledge. Among those methods is the use of progressive activities, and the study aimed to identify the effect of exercises used in the progressive activity style and their impact on learning some volleyball skills. The researcher used the experimental method with the experimental and control groups, as it suited the nature of the problem. The research community consisted of students from Al-Mughira bin Shu'ba Preparatory School, totaling 60 students, representing 100% of the sample. The study reached the following conclusions: the use of progressive activity stimulates participation and learning, and it requires more time and effort than the traditional method. In light of the achieved results, the researcher recommended the following: holding specialized training courses for physical education teachers to familiarize them with the importance of progressive activity in teaching and how to prepare and plan for it. Also, making education meaningful by providing learners with their needs and interests through presenting content that is relevant to their problems.

The development of physical education in any country depends primarily and finally on scientific planning that utilizes knowledge and awareness to establish the components of athletic construction and advance it on strong and solid foundations. One of the most important of these fundamental sciences is "Sports Psychology". The current research problem lies in answering the following question: "Is there a relationship between social intelligence and personal traits among fourth-grade students?" The research aims to identify social intelligence and personal traits among fourth-grade students and to determine the relationship between social intelligence and personal traits. The researcher assumes that there is a statistically significant relationship between social intelligence and personal traits. The researcher used the descriptive method to match the research sample and used the social intelligence scale and the personal traits scale. The researcher concluded that there is a significant correlation between the research sample's social intelligence and personal traits. The researcher recommends the necessity of paying attention to personal traits due to their important role in dealing with others and emphasizing the importance of social intelligence by guiding teachers on how to use this intelligence in the social curriculum.

The shooting skill is one of the important basic skills in handball, as the success of this skill depends on the physical and intellectual capabilities that the player must have in order to be able to learn and master them and achieve the required goal of the skill, and that these capabilities need educational strategies that contribute to the learning process and mastering this skill Correctly, the research aimed to identify the impact of information processing strategy in teaching some forms of shooting in handball for the control and experimental groups. And to identify the differences in the effect of the information processing strategy in learning some forms of shooting in handball for the two groups, the researchers used the experimental approach with two groups, the experimental and the control, and the research community represented the players of the National Center for the Care of Sports Talent in handball in Baghdad Governorate, who numbered (40) players from the junior category. The sample was divided into two groups, the control group of (20) players and the experimental group (20) players. The researchers concluded that the information processing strategy had a positive impact on the development of some handball skills of the experimental group. And the use of the information processing strategy has provided more time that can be used to achieve the objectives of the lesson without the embarrassment in the time that can be used in correction and repetition more, and the researchers recommended the adoption of the information processing strategy used by the researchers because of the positive results it showed in the research results. Diversifying the use of exercises and not relying on routine exercises that cast a shadow of boredom on the players, which leads to a lack of rush to perform and develop skills

The importance of the research lies in the use of exercises by the method of interval training according to the style of play in developing some physical variables for young football players, to provide accurate scientific information to raise the level of the physical aspect of the players, and in order to clarify and explain it to benefit from it for workers in the field of football, leading to performance The best and rise to higher levels. And through the preparation and design of exercises in the manner of interval training according to the style of play in developing some physical variables for young football players, the research aimed to identify the effect of the training program in the manner of interval training according to the style of play in developing some physical variables for youth football players. As well as identifying the differences between the post tests of the control and experimental groups in some physical variables. The researchers used the experimental approach due to its suitability to the nature of the research, and the research community was deliberately identified with (32) players (Kafry) Sports Club (youth category), and the research sample was chosen randomly with (18) players representing a percentage of (56.25%). from the research community, and this sample was divided into two groups (control and experimental) with (9) players for each group. The researchers concluded a number of conclusions, including: The training program prepared by a trainer for the individuals (the control group)was successful in affecting the raising of the physical level, but this effect or development does not rise to the level reached by the individuals (the experimental group), as shown by the results of the study. The use of exercises prepared by the researchers by the method of interval training according to the style of play developed the most important physical variables (agility, speed endurance and strength endurance) among the members of the (experimental group). The experimental group showed a clear preference in the level of all physical variables compared to the control group.

The current research aims to prepare a program (educational - mental) and apply it to the students of the third stage in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / Al-Muthanna University and to know its effect on improving mental toughness. To achieve this goal, the researcher used the descriptive approach by designing the two equal groups to suit the nature of the research problem. As for the research community, it was represented by students of the third stage / in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Al-Muthanna University for the academic year (2022-2023), whose number is (130) students, represented by (4) Divisions for males, (2) divisions for females, and by lottery, the research sample was determined, and it was represented by Division (C) and Division (D), as they numbered (49) students, who were randomly divided into two groups, control and experimental, as it represented Division (C), which numbered ( 25) students in the experimental group and Division (D), which consisted of (24) students in the control group. After that, the researcher proceeded to prepare a measure of mental toughness, as he used the scale prepared (Azizoun Muhammad Al-Yemen), which consists of (18) items, with five alternatives (completely disagree, completely agree, I don’t know, disagree, agree) and correction keys (5, 4, 3 , 2 , 1 ) respectively. Then the researcher proceeded to apply the pre-tests on the sample of the two groups, and then the researcher conducted the homogeneity and equivalence between the two groups, and then proceeded to apply the program (educational - mental) on the sample of the experimental group. (SPSS) for the purpose of analyzing the data and obtaining the results, and accordingly the researcher concluded that the program (educational - mental) had a positive effect on improving mental toughness, and the results also showed the superiority of the experimental group over the control group.

The importance of the study lies in the fact that it is a scientific attempt to find out the effect of using special exercises in order to develop the element of agility in order to provide some data that benefit those involved in the field of boxing, whether sports institutions, clubs, federations or boxers. The second chapter explained the research methodology and field procedures, where it was used The researcher used the experimental method by designing the two equal groups (experimental and control) due to its suitability to the nature and problem of the research. As for the field research procedures, the boxing agility test was determined, and then the pre and post tests were conducted for the boxers. The third chapter was done through presenting, analyzing and discussing the results for the research sample, while in the fourth chapter the following conclusions were reached, which is that the use of special exercises according to scientific foundations would lead us to obtain On the positive results that contribute to the development of the variable under study, i.e. the exercises used contributed to the development of the element of agility among the members of the research sample, as well as it was recommended to see the exercises prepared by the trainers and those interested in boxing to benefit from them.

The importance of the research came to the fact that the ankle joint is one of the important and complex joints anatomically and physiologically, and it is necessary to find means and methods that help to speed up the rehabilitation of this injury through preparing exercises for a device designed to rehabilitate the rupture of the ligaments of the ankle joint, and then the return of the injured person to his activity as soon as possible. The study aimed to design a device (rehabilitation and measurement) to restore the muscle strength of the injured ankle joint after the partial rupture of the ligaments, and to prepare special exercises with the device to restore the muscle strength of the ankle joint after the partial rupture of the ligaments, as well as to identify the effect of these exercises in improving the muscle strength of the ankle joint after the rupture. The partial ligaments of the handball players, and the researcher used the experimental approach for its suitability and the nature of solving the research problem, and the researcher chose the experimental design with one experimental group. For the applicants, the research sample was chosen by the intentional method, and they are the players injured in the partial rupture of the ankle joint, and their number was (6 players), and the researchers concluded that there is a significant improvement in the strength of the muscles working on the ankle joint of the study sample. By physiotherapy departments in hospitals and specialized centers for the rehabilitation of athletes with a rupture of the ankle joint, because of their effectiveness in improving the strength of the muscles working on the affected joint. And paying attention to muscle strength exercises in training units and matches, which leads to protecting the player as much as possible from injuries

Learning and teaching methods are important factors in determining the results and outputs of the educational process, whose effects are reflected on the experiences that the learner acquires from the educational situations he is exposed to. First-stage students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at Salah Al-Din University, in addition to revealing the difference between the divergent method according to the learning styles of Kolb's model and the method used in the post-tests for some basic skills specific to football. The researchers used the experimental approach due to its suitability to the nature of the research, and the research sample was determined from first-year students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at Salahuddin University. They were divided into two experimental groups that used the divergent method according to Kolb's model, and the control group used the method used. The most important of them: There is a positive effect of the spacing method according to Kolb's model in acquiring specific basic skills, except for the skill of dribbling in football. The spacing method according to Kolb's model has a greater effect than the method used in the dribbling and scoring skills. The researchers recommended strengthening teaching methods based on learning styles according to Kolb's model, which develop students' basic football skills, such as the divergent style.

The performance of players during direct free kicks in football is related to their mental processes. It is known that the performance of players in these situations is related to lateral thinking. It is important for players to make the right decisions during free kicks, including where to send the ball and the appropriate technique. The main objectives of the research are to determine the relationship between accuracy of shooting and lateral thinking among players in the Iraqi Premier League, to determine the contribution of lateral thinking to the accuracy of shooting during direct free kicks in the Iraqi Premier League, and to predict the accuracy of shooting in the Iraqi Premier League by analyzing the lateral thinking of players. The researchers used a descriptive approach with a survey style and studied correlation relationships. The research community consisted of 24 football players from the Iraqi Premier League who are skilled in taking direct free kicks. The researchers came up with a predictive equation that can be used to predict the accuracy of shooting during direct free kicks in football based on lateral thinking. They concluded that the accuracy of shooting during direct free kicks in football is significantly related to the lateral thinking of players

The problem of the research can be summarized in the following questions:
- Does performing physical activity before breakfast negatively affect the functional activity level of the human body? - Does performing physical activity after breakfast have a positive effect on the functional activity level of the human body? And the aim of the research is to: - Identify the effect of walking exercise (3 km) on functional variables during fasting. - Identify the effect of walking exercise (3 km) on functional variables after breakfast. - Compare the effect of walking exercise (3 km) on functional variables between fasting and breakfast.
The research was conducted on a sample of (10) individuals who were deliberately selected to represent fourth-year students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences. Their ages, weights, and heights ranged from (21) years, (69) kg, and (173) cm, respectively. The researchers used a quasi-experimental method with a one-group pretest-posttest design to match the nature of the research. The research procedures included two main experiments on walking a distance of (3) km at a speed of (4) km/h with a pulse rate of (120-130) bpm. The first experiment involved walking (3) km without having breakfast, while the second experiment involved walking (3) km after having breakfast.
- Researchers found that physical exertion for a distance of (3) km after fasting for (14) hours resulted in a noticeable increase in growth hormone activity and a significant decrease in cortisol hormone activity.
- Physical exertion for a distance of (3) km after breakfast resulted in a noticeable increase in growth hormone activity and a non-significant decrease in cortisol hormone activity.
- Physical and nutritional stress for the fasting group had a greater effect on growth hormone compared to the group who broke their fast.
- Physical and nutritional stress for the fasting group had a greater effect on stimulating cortisol hormone compared to the group who broke their fast.
- Physical and nutritional stress for the fasting group had a greater effect on stimulating WBC compared to the group who broke their fast.
- Physical and nutritional stress for the fasting group had a greater effect on stimulating PLT compared to the group who broke their fast

The importance of research was manifested in studying the evaluation of mechanical indicators, due to their significant positive impact on the execution of the overwhelming performance of the players in the Premier League to obtain accurate information about the mechanical indicators through good performance according to the biomechanical indicators. The aim of the research was to identify the differences between the values of some biomechanical indicators for the skill of the overwhelming ball passing in volleyball between local players and professional players in the Premier League and to identify the relationship between some biomechanical indicators and the accuracy of the overwhelming ball passing performance in volleyball between local and professional players in the Iraqi Premier League clubs. The researcher used the descriptive method with a comparative style and correlational relationships. The research population consisted of the players of the Premier League volleyball for the season (2022-2023), who numbered (56) players. (14) players were selected to represent the research sample, and they were divided into two groups, with (8) local players and (6) professional players for each group. The researcher adopted the purposive method, and they were players from Al-Ghaz Al-South, Police, Erbil, and Peshmerga. The sample constituted (21.42%) of the original population.
The main conclusion is that the values of the momentum index and the achieved kinetic energy of professional players are attributed to the mass and speed index, where the mass and speed values of professional players were higher than local players in the skill of smashing. As for the recommendations, it is necessary for coaches to emphasize the development of biomechanical index values for the skill of smashing for local players, which showed a clear decrease in all biomechanical index values compared to professional players.

The current research aims to identify the anthropometric lengths and pulmonary variables that serve as an indicator of the best performance in order to select the players who are characterized by the best performance, to indicate who is the most suitable player to practice the series of ground movements in artistic gymnastics.
To achieve this goal, the researcher used the descriptive approach, the survey method, and the correlational method, due to its suitability to the nature of the problem. Distributed to (10) clubs.
Then the researcher determined the pulmonary variables (MVV, RR, HR, FVC, FEV1, PEF) as well as (8) a variable of anthropometric variables lengths (total body, trunk, upper arm, hand, forearm, thigh, leg, foot) and then the researcher proceeded By applying the main experiment on the research sample and after obtaining the results, it was found that the lengths (leg length, thigh length) and (forced vital capacity (FVC) and total pulmonary ventilation (MVV)) have the ability to distinguish players with better performance in a series of ground movements in gymnastics.

Psychology in general has an effective role in building human civilization, and interest in it is one of the requirements of civilized nations because it is a necessary science that helps to understand the causes of human behavior and given the complexity of the environment, the surrounding variables, and the relationships between people, there has become an urgent need to give this importance to the study of psychology in all its branches , Psychology, with its various psychological variables, affects the nature of the performance of sports coaches as well as their level of achievement. When controlling the psychological aspects accompanying the training process of affiliates, the coach will be able to provide his best. )Baghdad, Basra, Maysan), As well as identifying the reality of those variables for trainers. The researchers used the descriptive survey method for its suitability to the current research. The research community included trainers working in the youth forums in the governorates of (Baghdad, Basra, Maysan), and they numbered (170) trainers. The sample of building standards consisted of (120) trainers, while the exploratory sample consisted of (10) trainers were excluded from the main sample and the application sample consisted of (40) trainers, After conducting the scientific foundations and transactions for the scales, the self-efficacy scale in its final form consisted of (4) dimensions distributed over it (33) items, while the persuasion skill scale became in its final form consisting of (5) dimensions distributed over it (41) items. The results were presented The statistical treatment of the dimensions of the scales as a whole, so that the researchers reach a set of conclusions, including that there are statistically significant differences in the self-efficacy and skill of persuasion of the coaches of team games in youth forums. The researchers recommend the need for officials in youth and sports institutions to focus on such psychological variables so that the coach can win over a large number of young people and achieve their goals.

The aim of the research was to identify the effectiveness of the (SHOR) strategy in developing psychological resilience and to learn my skills of crushing fast and medium volleyball for the fifth grade applied and to identify who has preference (for my strategies). SHOR or the strategy followed by the teacher of the subject) with the variables of the current study, an experimental approach was applied in this research due to its suitability to the nature of the problem As for his sample, it included students of the fifth applied grade in Anah Preparatory School for Boys for the academic year (2022_2023), and their number reached (50) students. They were divided into two control groups, represented by Division (A) and experimental, represented by Division (B). A pre-test with a measure of psychological resilience and the skills of fast and medium crushing multiplication, after which Division (B) implemented its independent variable (SHOR strategy), while Division (A) implemented the special strategy for the subject teacher, and an educational curriculum was applied that lasted for eight weeks, with two weekly units The duration of the unit was forty minutes. The researcher took into account the gradation of his exercises during his educational units from easy to difficult, and the researcher processed the results of his study through (spss), and it was concluded that the strategies of the subject teacher and (SHOR) were effective in learning research skills and in varying proportions, and that the (SHOR) strategy attracted The attention of students and increased their longing for the lesson of physical education also contributed to the emergence of desirable behavior among the student such as active interaction and discussion and freedom of expression, and among the researcher’s recommendations is the use of (SHOR) strategy in the teaching process for its role in practicing various mental processes and the need to pay attention to the student’s participation in the learning process and give him the freedom to express his opinion without Imposing a restriction that hinders his learning.

The game of volleyball is at the forefront of the fields that have received a development in recent times. This development has included most sports by incorporating various special sciences into the field of sports, as this development is linked to the development of the players’ physical abilities. There are many different ways and means of training in order to compete to get On the winning points, the use of devices in the field of sports and auxiliary tools is important in teaching and training skill performance and developing special physical abilities. Taking the correct position during the performance of the skill, which needs a means through which it can influence the stages of correct technical performance. There is an interest in learning basic skills and physical abilities in general, and a lack of focus on the harmonic ability that volleyball players need in offensive operations during the performance of the skill of crushing beating. These exercises were given to (6) Al-Sina’a club players under the age of 20, and the research tests were defined as (EMG). To show the neuromuscular balance and measure some variables related to the electrical activity (the apex) of the target muscles (the deltoid muscle, the triceps muscle and the calf muscle), as the results showed that the proposed exercises harmonic abilities with added weights led to an increase in the effectiveness of voluntary muscles and that the performance of these exercises with resistance Lightweight has achieved a high compatibility&smooth flow between the movements of the upper and lower extremities in order to serve the economic movement

Hard work leads to reaching the highest levels in various fields, including the sports field in all collective games, especially handball, by investing the human energies who have capabilities and capabilities that qualify them to perform the required skills in handball, and that the selection of players according to the most important physical capabilities and the definition of standards and levels for them and considering them as indicators The selection of the back line players represented by (the playmaker and the right and left forearm players) is one of the important things to strengthen the team because of their role in the offensive and defensive skill performance, so the researcher identified a research problem that the criteria and levels should be updated for the most important physical abilities as an indicator for selecting the back line players in handball The study aimed to identify the most important physical abilities and build standards and levels for them as indicators for selecting players in the back line in handball. The researcher identified a research community with Premier League players in handball for the season (2022-2023). using the survey method, and then collecting data and processing them statistically, and the study concluded that the most important capabilities of the players in the back line were (explosive strength, transitional speed, endurance of speed, agility) and setting standards and levels as indicators for selecting players in the light of the results. The study recommends the use of physical tests and the adoption of standards and levels When selecting players for the back line in handball.

The teaching process needs scientific institutions and human capabilities to manage it in a scientific way and to give scientific information aimed at achieving educational goals with modern directions that work to develop human capabilities through various means. The multiplicity and diversity of teaching methods achieve these goals, and the collaborative method is one of the modern methods in the teaching method. The research aims to design an educational curriculum in the style of cooperative education and identify the extent of the impact of the educational approach and compare the results between (the cooperative and traditional method). The researchers used the experimental approach for its suitability with the nature of the problem. The number of members of the research community reached (30) male and female students, and practitioners and non-compliant were excluded Always and those who participated in the exploratory experiments. The research sample was selected randomly, and they were divided into two groups, experimental and control, and distributed according to the numbers in the record of their names, even and odd, by (12) students for each group. The researchers concluded, in the light of what the results of the study showed, that diversification in the method of learning and the curriculum is necessary, and the collaborative style is an effective method for the research sample. The researchers recommended the need to use a variety of methods in learning from the traditional method of learning to the cooperative method of learning.

The importance of the research includes the use of the ballistic training method to develop the strength characteristic of the speed of the two men and the peaceful shooting of the basketball players, and what may contribute to this development in improving the level of performance of the players and resolving the results of the matches. The basket, and the most important conclusions reached by the researcher is that the exercises in the ballistic style affected the development of the strength characteristic of the speed of the two men and the performance of the skill of peaceful correction of the experimental group, and in the light of the results and conclusions, the researcher recommended the need to emphasize the use of various exercises and different methods when developing the training program for its effectiveness and its contribution to Develop physical capabilities

Concentrating and diverting attention are important psychological factors that contribute to developing the skill performance of sports in general and clay court tennis in particular, which contribute to improving the athlete's ability. The aim of the research is to develop exercises for concentration and attention diversion in order to develop the accuracy of some basic skills for clay court tennis players. Researchers used the experimental method to suit the nature of the problem to be solved, and the research sample was chosen from players of the Knowledge College University clay court tennis team, consisting of (4) players. The exercises were implemented within training units that lasted for (8) weeks, with (3) units per week. Pre-tests were conducted on 13/2/2022, followed by the application of concentration and attention diversion exercises within educational units. Post-tests were conducted on 15/4/2022, and after obtaining the data, it was statistically processed.
The researchers concluded that there were statistically significant differences between the pre-test and post-test for the experimental group in all transformation tests, attention concentration tests, and skill tests in favor of the post-test, indicating the impact of exercise use. The researchers recommend the necessity of using concentration and attention transformation exercises in developing the skill aspect of the effectiveness of tennis and providing its material, scientific, and human requirements for the purpose of benefiting from its generalization to colleges and departments of physical education

The current research aims to develop a program for rehabilitating soft tissue injuries in the shoulder of athletes, and to determine the effect of this program on the concentration of the growth hormone Gh and strength endurance after 4 and 8 weeks of applying the rehabilitation program for the injury. To achieve this goal, the researchers used the experimental method with a design of repeated measures in three tests: pre-test, mid-test, and post-test, as it is more suitable for the nature of the research problem. The research community is represented by athletes with soft tissue injuries in the shoulder joint for sports clubs in the province of Al-Muthanna, numbering 5 players. These players were obtained by distributing questionnaires to clubs, government and private physiotherapy centers, and specialized clinics in the province. After that, the rehabilitation program was applied to the research sample for two months, with a total of 24 rehabilitation units and a rate of 3 units per week. After obtaining the results, the researchers concluded that the rehabilitation program developed by them had a positive role in rehabilitating soft tissue injuries in the shoulder joint, as well as in improving growth hormone and strength endurance for injured athletes.

Volleyball was and still is one of the beautiful group games due to its technical skills. Therefore, learning methods play an effective and influential role for arts to master the arts of the game and its many skills. The reciprocal method is one of the pillars of the learning methods of the game. Such a method should be used in teaching students to master the skills in volleyball. The aim of the study was to identify On the impact of the reciprocal method in learning the skills of serving and crushing hitting with volleyball for students, as well as revealing the best educational methods in learning the skills of serving and crushing hitting with volleyball. Two groups (control and experimental), each group (6) students. The results of the study concluded that the reciprocal method has a great impact on learning the skills of serving and crushing for the members of the research sample under study. Therefore, the researcher recommends paying attention to educational methods, especially the reciprocal method in learning the basic skills of volleyball

Exercises of all kinds are an important factor in developing the physical fitness of the individual as well as the health aspect through its direct impact on the physiological organs, as there is a close relationship between physical fitness and the general health of the individual, which indicates the safety of the vital organs of the body, and that training by modern means is one of the basics of physical preparation. It has become a necessary requirement in various sports activities, and one of these means is the so-called suspended training (TRX), which refers to fitness and health training and is used as a system of ropes and straps called (suspended exercises), which allows the athlete to work against his full weight.
In addition, TRX training allows the user to manipulate the resistance created by body weight to provide the necessary physical factors to develop and maintain health and physical fitness, in addition to that training using (TRX) as we know it today is popular as a means to develop and maintain physical fitness among some specific people when it was not equipment Traditional fitness is available. The research aims to prepare exercises using the TRX method and to identify the effect of this type of exercise on the development of some physical abilities and functional indicators of female students. The researchers adopted the experimental approach using the (one group) method to suit the nature of the research. The study sample consisted of first-stage female students in the College of Physical Education, Wasit University, and their number was 30 students. The researchers concluded that training using TRX had a positive effect on developing the level of physical abilities and functional indicators for the students. The researchers recommended using TRX exercises to develop physical and motor abilities and functional variables

The research aims to prepare an indicative program based on neuro-linguistic programming to develop the adequacy of the objectives of the physical education lesson, and to identify the impact of the indicative program according to NLP in developing the adequacy of the objectives of the physical education lesson among the students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences.
The researcher used the experimental approach by designing the experimental and control groups with pre and post test, and the research sample consisted of the fourth stage students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - University of Wasit for the academic year 2022-2023, and their number was (50) students who were divided into two equal experimental and control groups. Preparing a scale of competencies for the objectives of the physical education lesson and applying it to the research sample. The researcher applied the counseling program, and the number of sessions reached (16) counseling sessions, with a session time of (45) minutes, and the content of the sessions and their activities included the psychological counseling program. The researcher concluded that the counseling sessions are based on programming Neurolinguistics has a significant impact on the development of the competencies of the objectives of the physical education lesson among the practitioners of the research sample, and it is recommended to hold workshops for practical education supervisors, to emphasize the need to activate counseling sessions for workers in the field of physical education, because of their positive and influential role.

The importance of the research lies in the correct and integrated numbers of the futsal goalkeeper in terms of physical and skill in order to develop the variables dependent on the training curricula for goalkeepers coaches to come up with an integrated goalkeeper who can be able to perform his skills as best as possible, and the research aims to design an innovative device to develop some biokinetic capabilities and prepare exercises with the innovative device to develop some biokinetic capabilities associated with the dimensions of the ball for futsal goalkeepers.
The researchers used the experimental approach by designing one group with pre- and post-tests, and the research community was determined from the Directorate of Education of Wasit in a random manner in a deliberate way and the selection of the training center in the center of Wasit Governorate (Kut) and after taking approvals by the director of the training center, futsal goalkeepers were selected in a deliberate way, and their number is (6) goalkeepers aged (15-17) years, and they represent the research sample,
After conducting the pre-tests and applying the exercises to the sample, the post-tests were conducted and the statistical data was processed, and many conclusions were reached, the most important of which is that the use of training devices that simulate the specialized performance of goalkeepers contributes to the development of their levels of various physical and skill aspects.

The study aimed to prepare a counseling program, in addition to preparing a measure of psychological engineering for handball players in (Al-Rafidain and Diwaniyah) sports, as well as identifying the impact of the psychological engineering counseling program on the shooting skill of handball players in (Al-Rafidain and Diwaniyah) sports club. The researcher used the experimental method in the manner of equal groups due to its suitability for the research problem. The research community also included handball players in Al-Rafidain Club and Al-Diwaniyah Sports Club for the season (2022-2023). The percentage of the sample is (100%) from the original community, and the sample of the exploratory experiment was (8) players outside the research sample, and the researcher refused to conduct homogeneity and equivalence on the research sample. The most important results were the superiority of the experimental group over the control group in the measure of psychological engineering among handball players in Diwaniyah governorate clubs, as the results of the tests showed differences between the pre and post tests of the two groups (experimental - control) under study, and the counseling program affected the variables under study among the handball players in the Diwaniyah governorate clubs, and the experimental group outperformed the control group in the geometry scale The psychology of handball players in the clubs of Diwaniyah Governorate.

The importance of research lies in adding a visual systematic training tool that helps to quickly implement the training plan, while requiring high concentration from the players. The problem with football research is a continuous development, and this development is the result of modern training methods based on scientific foundations through studies, research, analysis, and proper planning. These training methods and techniques have developed the abilities and levels of teams significantly, which has led the researcher to design a systematic training device. The aim of the research was to design a systematic training device according to visual stimuli to develop some mental abilities and the offensive performance effectiveness of futsal players.
The researchers used the experimental method to fit it to the nature of the problem, and the research sample consisted of players from the training centers affiliated to the Directorate of Education in Wasit - Department of Sports and School Activity. The most important conclusions reached by the researchers were that exercises with a device designed according to visual stimuli work on developing cognitive abilities and the effectiveness of strategic offensive performance and developing basic skills. As for the recommendations, they included emphasizing the use of exercises with a device designed according to visual stimuli and working on developing cognitive abilities and the effectiveness of strategic offensive performance.

The importance of the research comes in the use of a factory training device that works with visual stimuli with or without a ball that contributes to some of the motor abilities of basketball players under 18 years old. The stadium as well as the possibility of taking the appropriate place for shooting, as the problem is no longer in the mechanism of developing the training curricula for the game as much as the availability of modern training devices and tools that contribute to achieving the goal of the curricula, so the study aimed to design a factory device in conjunction with the preparation of special exercises using the device To develop some motor abilities of basketball players under 18 years old, to identify the effect of exercises using this manufactured device. In a random way (lottery), and after conducting the pre-tests, the exercises were applied using the manufactured device on the sample, which lasted (8) weeks, at a rate of (24) training units and up to (3) units per week. SPSS) and by discussing the results presented, the researcher concluded many conclusions, the most important of which are:
- The manufactured device as an aid has an effective role in developing some motor abilities and saves effort and time for the coach and the player in developing complex basketball skills.
- The use of the proposed device saves effort and time for the coach and the player in developing complex skills in basketball well, and it is suitable for players of this age group under 18 years old.

The study aimed to prepare a rehabilitation program using symmetrical
electrical stimulation and to determine which of the two groups is better (the group
that used symmetrical electrical stimulation with rehabilitation exercises or the group
that used only rehabilitation exercises) for rehabilitating the muscles that work on the
knee joint. The researchers used an experimental method with two experimental
groups, pre-test, and post-test. The research community was selected purposively, and
the sample consisted of a group of six patients who were divided into two groups: the
first group performed only rehabilitation exercises, while the second group used
symmetrical electrical stimulation in addition to rehabilitation exercises for eight
weeks. Scientific principles were considered in the intensity levels, and the results
were processed using the statistical program (SPSS). The following conclusions were
reached: The results showed significant differences between the pre- and post-tests
for both experimental groups, with the post-tests favoring the second experimental
group that used electrical stimulation in addition to rehabilitation exercises over the
first experimental group that used exercises only. The researchers recommended the
use of electrical stimulation by physical therapy departments in specialized sports
medicine centers for its effectiveness in improving the strength of the muscles
surrounding the knee joint.