Surra Man Ra'a

The research tries to prove to the generous reader the high scientific status reached by Ibn Malik (May God rest his soul) by graduating what was apparently formed, and turning him on to his former sculptor , The research was compiled from the book (Evidence of clarification and correction of the problems of al-jameh al-saheeh)) A series of sporadic issues that demonstrate this, and these issues have been extensively studied, citing the opinions and statements of the sculptor from Sibuyeh to Ibn Malik (May God rest their soul), Ibn Malik's evidence is mentioned from the evidence of the Prophet's Hadith and the poems of the Arabs, and the summary of each issue separately...
The value of this study lies in the fact that it stems from the Prophet's Hadith and in his service, It contains evidence of the resolution of the issue of martyrdom of the prophetic hadith, which has been long disputed, and there is a lot of talk about it.

This is an executive study in the Arabic poet suad al-sabah,s poetic collection (fatafeet emra,a) , it tries to iclentify the rotation plieno-menon to clarify the ratatipn efficiency in allocating the poetic lines on its pages , the relation of all this with the poem cohesion , and how this is relatedto the poet psychology in one haud and her book awareness in the other . suad al-sabahhe,s emerged in a critical modernist period in the Arabic pom march that took , since sevuties , a book turning led to devoting new custonis standing on the printing-optical expression which was considered as an expressive source by poets to create new responses with the audience. those responses surpass the time-optical level of the poem and go to toward resouses secured by the eye culture instead.

The inventive analogy is the product of the queen of imagination, which is a real activity that appears to be innovative and establishes between things that do not have an identical, identical relationship, an appearance attributed to a perceptual faculty in the human mind that, in the face of imagination, is located on one or both sides, so he proves it in the manner of the known, i.e. a form The thing and its image are not present in the simulated or in both, but it is proven and decided by imagination in order to make it real in reality. This pattern of the formation of meanings was formulated by the noble hadith in descriptive descriptive arguments based on contextual dimensions arising from the situation and the station; To assist the recipient to represent the facts in graphic images, or to enable him to enable what he intends to convey (ﷺ) to the recipients, based on the consideration that: the recipient of the speech in the hadith does not need a rational argument based on pure logical measurements, but rather needs a statement and communication, the addressee is convinced In advance, the sanctity of the text, and the goal of persuasion is to enable the facts in the recipient's mind, so that the discourse will turn into a practical achievement.

The "Nuniyya*" of Abilbaqaa' Alrandi, in his work (Buqaa' Al Andalus), gives an opportunity for the recipient to discover the morphological significances which diversified according to the form and context; this poem included a number of morphological forms of which their significances interlaced with images, structures and rhymes to constitute a perfect artistic circle which brought forward the situation of Muslims after their calamity of Dhiaa'ul Andalus, by inserting those expressional formations that harmonized with the impact and enormity of the event ,and that resulted in the presence of a number of morphological significations which coincided within a harmonic expressional construction. Thus, the research was implemented in three topics and a conclusion containing the most important results. The first topic tackled the study of significations of absolute (المجرد) and extended (مزيد) verbs and the alternation of their use according to the association and the overlap between them. The second topic was dedicated to study the resources and derivatives and their significances in the context. The third topic included the research in the morphological significances of the broken plural and what exudes of it of absolute suggestions, all of which were implemented in attempt to substantiate self-esteem, even after suffering pain and astonishment for the loss of homes, in addition to describing the situation of Muslims at this point and what they suffered of persecution and oppression. We presented a brief prelude of the most important axis of the study, at the beginning of each topic, and we adopted an ecliptic approach of a number of morphological expressions in which we found more depth and interaction with the sincere experience of the poet, which lamented the fate of humanity.
* (a poem of a special rhyme in which each verse ends with the consonant "Nun" in Arabic)

The poets of the early Islamic era were influenced by the development of the moral and social situation in the light of the advent of Islam, as the moral and social life in the pre-Islamic era was based on many false foundations that Islam corrected. Islam, the Noble Qur’an has become the constitution that regulates the affairs of society, and poetry and poets were not immune to these changes; On the contrary, their poems and poetic pieces were affected by it, whether in terms of form; or content; Or the function of their poems, and many of the poets of that era in their poems embodied the calls of Islam to strengthen the bonds of society in terms of consolidating principles that dealt with: loyalty, good neighborliness, generosity, chivalry, honesty, condemning wine, and arguing with the polytheists, as well as raising the generation on jihad, in When there was another current moving in the opposite direction, whose mission was to fight ideals and values .

This research is concerned with referring to the places where Sibawayh takes care of the significance. We have tried to root the linguistic ideas in the semantic side, that is, that have emerged recently, and we found most of them covered in the book. The aim of our research is to introduce the recipient to Sibawayh's study of the Arabic language, extracting it from many of its treasures, and paying attention to its subtle phenomena in his own way in topics known to modern semantics in our time.

The study of Quranic grammar is one of the important topics that researchers seek to explain its foundations, rules and laws, especially if a prominent grammarian of the eighth century AH, the most prominent and most important among Arabic grammarians, is Ibn Hisham al-Ansari, who was known for his great care of the Holy Quran and citing its verses in his books, especially In Al-Mughni Al-Labib, in which he presented us with a wonderful analytical study of the Qur’anic text, in which he showed the mechanisms of Qur’anic analysis that differs with the study of Arabic grammar, which is built on the words of the Arabs. What distinguished the Qur’anic grammar according to Ibn Hisham, which is the consideration of meaning. The Qur’anic grammar was built in the light of the same foundations that the texts mentioned from the foundations of the science of the text, which is taking into account the context, consistency and harmony, and consideration of the addressee. This research came in a preface and two sections, which we studied in the preface (meaning, language and terminology), while the first topic we studied in it: (Introducing the Qur’anic grammar), while the second topic we devoted to studying the Quranic grammar On the authority of Ibn Hisham in the light of taking into account the meaning, and we concluded the research by mentioning the most important results of the research.

This study is concerned with the issue of chronicling the Arabic literature in accordance with Culture Theory. The purpose of this study is to overcome the issues of associating the history of Arabic literature to political history, as it was linked in the recipient’s mind the division of Arabic literature into political epochs related to the ruling families in terms of progress and collapse until this kind of periodization became prevalent in most literature history books. However, the chronicling of literature in accordance with cultural epochs is one of the approaches worthy of research and study despite the lack of attention to it. Therefore, the philosophical premises of this theory will be discussed as well as theoretical foundations of the cultural theory. Further, the presence of the theory in the history of Arabic literature is investigated, the mechanisms for its application by the chroniclers of the Arabic literature, whether they are orientalist or Arab, and the obstacles that hampered the attempts to apply this theory in chronicling our Arabic literature.

In order to stand up to its pilgrims' techniques in the light of the contemporary view of the Qur'anic text, it takes into account its aspects of speech, its various means and techniques, as well as images of persuasion and influence, which are centered on its contents and confirm its significance.

The research discusses the prose poem in Iraq in its last stage of development, especially after the change that occurred after 2003 AD, and studies its relationship to the arts and the extent to which it was affected by them, and reveals the connection of poets with other arts and their formation in the poetic text, investing all the possibilities and turns to create a different text that has its role in showing the close relationship between arts and poetry And the attempt to show it clearly, especially that the prose poem established the idea of art collapsing and its content, in addition to that, the generation of young poets had extensive artistic breakthroughs that revealed their intellectual orientations.

This research aims to employ the phenomenon of pregnancy. on the meaning. As a linguistic analysis took which has the ability to interpret the poetic text. And revealed its meaning by resolving the problem of mismatch in the texts and its endeavo to resolve the contradiction between! the grammatical law and the case in violation of it in the text by .ve - forming the elements of the text it is an analysis, linguistically in order to reach its Connotation by relying on the meaning that was changed from it, and thus important tool of linguistic analysis.

This study seeks to read Dalia Al-Mutanabi in the spelling of Camphor Al-Akhshidi stylistic reading in its three levels: the phonemic level, the structural level, and the semantic level. On poetic weight and on rhyme, On the compositional level, the study examines the most important compositional phenomena that have their effectiveness in framing the poetry of discourse, and in their diversity they complement each other, perhaps among them are the interrogative and negative style, the interceptive sentence and the phenomenon of deletion, while in the semantic level we have observed the poetic images that were formed by the graphic shapes and the semantics of colors, And the linguistic paradox, and the indications of the groups of fracturing in its morphological form and its position in the poetic text.

This research deals with the lesson and analysis of the poetry of heroism for the purpose of pride in the poetry of the poets of the World Islamic Literature Association, to find out the most important manifestations that emerged in their poetry regarding the poetry of heroism, and to taste its meanings, to reveal its psychological dimensions that were formed in its formation and to highlight its features on the language of the poets of the association. I started the research with this simple summary, then an introduction, and a presentation of some pictures of heroism for the purpose of pride, and I concluded it with a conclusion in which I presented the most important results I reached.

The research talks about the physical phonology that deals with the search for sound from its origin until it reaches the ear of the listener, as it contains topics the most important of which are the cause of the occurrence of the sound, its speed, intensity, the medium that transmits it, the sound wave and the echo. They paid clear attention to this topic, so they talked about the reason for the occurrence of the sound, how it travels and its speed, and they described the sound wave and how it occurs and faded. They also talked about the phenomenon of echo and explained the reason for its occurrence in a scientific and physical explanation consistent with the physical facts that were discovered recently.

This research, tagged with (the purpose of clarifying the consequence in the Qur’anic expression, a rhetorical study). It sheds light on a metaphorical purpose that has an influential role in enriching the rhetorical guidance in the Book of God Almighty; In addition to clarifying the stylistic and aesthetic differences in the way this purpose is presented. The research consisted of a preface, which were presented by two topics: the first: the purpose of clarifying the consequence in the style of prohibition, and the second: the purpose of explaining the consequence in the interrogative style, then a conclusion with the most important results.

Pre-Islamic poetry is a rich source for many linguistic, literary, historical and social studies. Moreover, it is one of the sources of linguistic and grammatical documentation that the Arab lexicographers adopted when they began collecting and transcribing the Arabic lexical items, but for doing so they relied on their easy available tools then, so they had to develop the habit of tracing and seeking their lexical items by traveling by themselves to the Arab valleys and deserts. They used to write down what they heard during their travels, but unfortunately they missed a lot, and nowadays it cannot be claimed that a dictionary, or a scholar of the early or late Arab scholars has contained or collected all the Arabic language with all its vocabulary. It is only the Arabic poetry during the era of the pure, old standard Arabic that can be adopted in proving whether a word is pure Arabic or not. To this end, the Arab linguists scrupulously search the Arabic poetry so that they may find any new lexical items that may had been missed by their ancestors, and in order to refute what their ancestors' dictionaries had violated. This research is based on this particular point and therefore it validates and approves two of the vocabulary mentioned in a poem by a pre-Islamic Arab poet.

It is hoped from this reading that we pay attention to Sibawayh’s method in his book al-kitaab, in the light of modern linguistic methods, especially the descriptive structural approaches and the generative-transformational approach. In addition we maintain that this method is implicit in the work of sibawayhi and that this work contains unstated cognitive conceptions.

The study attempts to investigate the phenomenon of writing in Hebrew among Iraqi's tales and literature, written by novelists live in Israel from Iraqi origins. The study tackles two novels by writers from the second generation (Tsionit Fatal), its novel (A Picture on the Wall), and Almooj Bihar and his novel (Chahla and Ezekiel). At end, the study concludes that there is new language of dialogue among the people in the two societies in which the sound of humanity dominated other identities.

This study aims to reveal the impact of diglossia on the standard linguistic performance at oral and written levels among students in the educational process. It is devoted to students in Arabic department for they ought to master and preserve the language against criticisms directed to Arabic nowadays. It deals with the performance of Arabic learners at Tal Afar University who are either native or nonnative speakers of the colloquial Arabic. This is to measure out the use of standard Arabic inside and outside the process of education. Three types of diglossia effects manifesting in pronunciation and in letter drawing have been presented. First effects appear in the oral performance, mostly related to the vocal issues. The second kind appear in the written performance. Other aspects may appear in the oral or in the written performance which are related to all levels of language (sound, morphology, syntax, and lexicon). Samples of the three types have been presented in special tables.

Praise be to God, and prayer and peace be upon the Messenger of God, his family, companions and those who follow him...
After man created an inhabited place and was able to stay for a long time in space through the establishment of an orbital vehicle in outer space around the Earth equipped with the necessities of life, this issue raised realistic questions that need to clarify the rule of Sharia in it, especially since some Muslims have traveled to space and lived in it for a period of time such as the Malaysian pioneer And the Saudi pioneer, from these, for example, the questions related to ablution and the Qiblah, and is it valid to pray in the orbiting vehicle? The research answered these questions, as Islamic Sharia has absorbed the developments of contemporary life in all its forms, and this is only for the perfection of this Sharia, its flexibility, and its suitability for the life and the hereafter, as well as the capacity and renewal of Islamic jurisprudence, and that it has the ability and flexibility to absorb the emerging events, and developments that require solutions and provisions

Shams al-Din Muhammad bin Ahmed bin Abd al-Hadi Almaqdesi possesses knowledge of many Islamic sciences and issues fatwas in his time.

This research takes the verses of the Alsarm's book and comparing it with a number of opinions of the Mufaserin who preceded and followed him. The researcher found that his interpretive opinions in his Alsarm's book take somtimes the inferential aspect and the most prominent measurement in his interpretation and in other places the origin of the objective Tafser approach.

Some spouses resort to treason, nowaday, betrayal has become easier than before due to the abundance of internet and modern electronic programs such as Facebook, WhatsApp and other websites that are used for this criminal act, if treason occurs, it will have the consequences of divorce and the loss of the family, and some may resort to killing, especially if the wife is the traitor.

Praise be to God, we praise Him, we thank Him, and we ask His forgiveness, and prayers and peace be upon the Messenger of God, Muhammad, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him. As for what follows:
This research is a nice message from the heritage of the scholar Al-Hafiz Jalal Al-Din Al-Suyuti, may God have mercy on him, looking at a nice Quranic issue, which is the statement of the sacrifice, who is Ismael or Ishaq, peace be upon them. Imam Al-Suyuti established his evidence for this from books of news, interpretation and books of modern narration. My plan in this work was two topics, the first being an introduction to Al-Hafiz Al-Suyuti and the second a definition of the manuscript and the method of working in it, in addition to the demands contained in each topic. The result of saying in the dispute regarding the issue of the sacrifice after presenting the evidence and arguments was that the correct one is the Prophet Ismail, peace be upon him. 

The knowledge of the fundamentals of jurisprudence is one of the most noble, highest, and most influential of Sharia sciences. It is the mainstay upon which the true religion is based.
He collected a book on the fundamentals of jurisprudence that included introductions and seven books. The great scholar, Mullah Abd al-Rahman al-Bingwini - may God have mercy on him - who died in (1319 AH), wrote footnotes on the collection of the mosques of Imam Abd al-Wahhab bin Ali bin Tamam al-Sabki - may God have mercy on him - and I took from Dr. Muhammad Abdullah al-Bengwini a section of the (Book of Inference) in order to achieve them, noting that Achieving the scientific heritage is a great work, and its benefits are many. It is necessary to revive this heritage, in fulfillment of the author - may God have mercy on him - who gave us this scientific effort, so we do not waste it, but rather we revive it and publish it.
The commitment of the scholar Al-Binguini to write footnotes is considered one of the signs of the strength of his mind and his understanding of the scientific material, and at the same time evidence of his jurisprudential, fundamentalist and logical standing in which he writes.
This topic (the book of inference) is related to a large number of scientific issues. Such as logic, thinking, knowledge, language, mathematics, and others, and at the same time it aims to generate new knowledge by implementing thought in the available evidence and information, in order to reach accurate and correct scientific results.

This research studies the rule of suspension in zihaar, the suspension is located in many places, including marriage, divorce, zihaar, will, inheritance, alimony, breastfeeding and others. Atonement is like an oath. And both the divorce and the oath are valid to be suspended, so whoever said to his wife: You are to me like my mother’s back.

This research deals with the study of the fatwa in the hadith of the Prophet: "Whoever greeted me, may Allah restore my soul" For Sheikh Mohammed bin Hassan bin Ahmed Al-Kawakibi (T.: 1096 AH). The axis on which the manuscript revolved was It is that the Prophet - may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him - is alive in his grave with his body and soul, And he knows obedience to his nation and grieves the disobedience of the disobedient among them.
The author has deliberately quoted the sayings of the scholars, Based on narration and rational evidence, The research was divided into two parts: The first: the study section: it includes the definition of the author, the description of the manuscript, and the method of investigation، And the second section: the text verified. Then I followed that up by confirming the sources and references.

My research dealt with tracing the Quranic reading of Mrs. Hafsa (may God pleased her) and extracting it from the books of interpretations, readings and grammar, collecting it, clarifying its meanings and connotations, and proving its validity in terms of meaning.
The research also dealt with a brief about the life of Mrs. Hafsa (may God pleased her), the husband of the Messenger (may God bless him and grant him peace), an overview of the abnormal readings and an explanation of the reason for choosing to recite Lady Hafsa.
And before each of the places where it was read, I mention the verse in which that reading is, and mention its overall meaning, to clarify the difference between reading it and reading the Noble Qur’an.

What is meant by the general formulas are the words that indicate comprehensiveness and absorption, and the general formulas in the texts of the Book and the Sunnah are very many, of which I mentioned what is text in general, as well as what is predominant in general, and these formulas can be specified such as assigning the Qur’an to the Qur’an, or the Qur’an to the Sunnah, or the Sunnah to the Qur’an, or the Sunnah to the Sunnah.

This study shows the good and merciful treatment of prophet Mohammed (peace be upon him) with Bani Aulander since the early days after his immigration to Madinah and how he was glad with their welcome to him and his tender call to them to be Muslim. However, Bani Aulander did not treat prophet Mohammed (peace be upon him) similarly, but, on the contrary, they always plotted against and always exploited the opportunities endeavoring to offend him and collaborated with his enemies, including the hypocrites and disbelievers especially after the battle of Uhud in the 3rd year of Hijrah
(3 A.H. / 624 A.D.).
The researcher endeavored to elucidate the aim of the study which is represented by the recoil of AlNadheer clan in terms of the cordial treaty prophet Mohammed (peace be upon him) concluded with them which stipulates that they pledge to defend Madinah against any external aggression, and the commitment of the two parties with the principle of coexistence as they are both important components of the population in Madina and included as Madinah citizens, which is ruled militarily and administratively by the prophet Mohammed peace be upon him.

The research aims to find the relationship between the amounts of rainfall and its impact on the water resource values of Lake Hamrin for the period (1990-2019). The results showed that rain is one of the most important factors affecting the water resource values. For dams and lakes built on them, and the discrepancy in the strength of the relationship between the amount of rain falling and the water supplies in the lake depends on the amount of rain falling during the year, but the presence of more than one water dam on the same river that affects the level of its water storage. Therefore, the effect varied and the strength of its relationship differed from year to year, so a strong relationship appeared in the rainy seasons, as the first period (1990-2000) and the third period (2010-2019) recorded a correlation between the amount of rain and the values of the lake’s water, which amounted to (0.89 and 0.84) on the respectively, which is a strong relationship with a significance value of, while the relationship is absent in the dry seasons, as the period (2000-2010) recorded a weak relationship of (-0.04).

This topic is an attempt to understand the multi-faceted Chinese interest in economic, political and security matters in Africa. The study used several approaches as is universally recognized, such as the case study approach, the content analysis approach, and the descriptive analytical approach. The study also used everything related to the subject of the study from published sources, and reached a number of the results are the following: The risks arising from the Chinese strategy in Africa and the risks arising from the Chinese strategy in Africa, as well as which Chinese forms primarily serve China itself before serving African countries. China relies on the policy of aid and subsidies in its strategy for the African continent, which is called soft power as it has become Africa is China's multifaceted back-up economically, politically, militarily and socially. The costs of economic development in Africa by China paid social costs from both parties. The study concluded with a number of recommendations whose indicators appear as follows: Formation of confederations: (It is intended that two countries or a group of countries unite to achieve goals Political or commercial, provided that each country retains its sovereignty as a stand-alone country It is a partnership, solidarity, unifying visions and goals among African countries to confront the penetration and influence of Chinese ambitions in Africa to become an impenetrable dam in the face of major countries and all external threats, and multi-sided development mechanisms must be found for the development of African countries.

Throughout the research entitled, (Red sea and two seas project: Study in Changes and updates), research seeks to stir the subject of two seas channel, that is veiled in mysteries, sudden updates and changing concepts every once in a while due to supporting and opposing parties the above mentioned project is with no doubt, a non – ending historical problems that gained momentum to be a contemporary issue of red sea and neighboring seas (Mediterranean and dead, Two seas canal is a project passed long historical eras dates back to nineteenth century; An idea delivered by Britain as a substitute route for Suez Cannel then to be transport route for British mail and trade from east. Such route exists through opening a canal from Mediterranean, dead sea to end in red seas to eventually reach Indian ocean. After a while, drastic change occurred on the whole idea, The idea transferred to Zionist agenda as one of vital projects of (Jewish state) to gain economic profits such as generating electricity, sweetening water and expand cultivated Lands for settlers However, the project subjected is affected by political updated of the region and interests of involved parties In mid-eighties, United States of America introduced itself as a supporter of Zionist entity to achieve canal project. As long as project existed, there was Arabic refusal due to dangers on region from various prospects: Threatening political entity of those states, their infrastructure, surrounding environment mineral wealth, rivers, nature of seas related to project. As time passed, many changes occurred that shuffled all attitudes Opposition parties stopped opposing, enthusiasts got cold feet in accordance with general updates of the region. All the above mentioned facts keep this project alive until today, despite (regardless of) all amount of changes in attitudes, details, and the overall structure of the project.

With the increasing importance and the urgent need to purify and sterilize healthy، sterile drinking water with the health security it provides، especially with the increase in potential pollution that other water sources suffer from، we find the emergence of the phenomenon of establishing mineral water filling plants within the study area (Baghdad Governorate) for several reasons، including the increasing demand for Before the residents of the province and other provinces، and since it is an industry that needs laborers that contribute to reducing unemployment، in addition to its recent popular market within all segments of society، so the research focused on the spatial analysis of water filling plants in the province of Baghdad by showing its classification according to industrial indicators represented by the size of Industry، number of employees and production value، The study shows the clear variation in its distribution within the districts and sub-districts، with a statement of the most important characteristics that characterize the filling plants in terms of water validity and its competitive properties

It was evident through the research that there is a significant increase in the frequency of the drought phenomenon in Iraq, and this increase can be attributed to the global climate change phenomenon, which mainly resulted in higher temperatures and a higher amount of evaporation / transpiration, as well as a decrease in the amount of rain falling on Iraq, especially during the period. The second of the study, which is the most changing period, according to what most local studies indicated, so the very severe drought category recorded 5 occurrences during the first period, then its frequency increased during the second period to reach 9 repetitions during the second period, as well as the drought type. Very drought, as it recorded (10) recurrences and then increased to (17) during the second period, and from that shows the extent of the great drought in Iraq.

Britain sought to maintain its colonial presence and its position among the major powers, but it did not allow another force to threaten its interests, especially its interests in India. For a number of Arakanese residents to launch attacks on the Burmese forces that pursued them inside those lands, which aroused the British authorities in India, which denounced those actions and worsened the situation between the two parties until the first British Burmese war was declared in 1824 and then followed by the second Burmese war in 1851 after the kings tried Burma proved their political presence in their country, and those wars ended with the third British Burmese war in 1885, which led to Britain imposing its control over the entirety of Burma, driven by political and economic factors taking advantage of the state of disintegration and military weakness of Burma, as well as the mismanagement of its successive governments and the outbreak of popular revolutions against it.

The Kuwaiti constitution of 1962 is one of the constitutions that occupied a space among researchers as a result of the political conditions that the emirate went through, starting with the attempts of leader Abdul Karim Qassem to annex it to Iraq on the twenty-fifth of June 1961, and ending with the actual invasion of it on the second of August 1990, which made Kuwaitis. They adhere to a very large extent in approving the constitution, working with it, and adhering to its articles, as well as banning any formula that weakens it, whether by challenging it or revising it periodically, so Kuwaitis were resilient not to violate it no matter what happened, as it allows the ruling family to exercise its full powers. As a country that follows a democratic system, unlike its neighboring countries, this is what has earned it full legitimacy in that.
The research was divided into several topics to make it easier for the reader to follow the events and link them in a clear and easy way. The first topic was (the circumstances that contributed to writing the Kuwaiti constitution in 1962), and the second topic was discussed (the discussions and approval of the Kuwaiti constitution in the Constituent Assembly in 1962), while the third topic was discussed. (Disruption of the Kuwaiti constitution 1976-1999).

To acquire knowledge, Arab and Muslim scholars in Andalus used to travel to the centers of knowledge in the Islamic world metropolises as a dignified and good habit. The literature and sciences of the East began to move to Andalus and vice versa through scholars who were delegated from the East to the west and Andalus.
Studying such a topic comes to enrich the Arabic library with its scientific, literary and social aspects of the Andalusian life in addition to the scientific relations between the East and Andalus which had a great impact on the flourishing of the scientific movement in al-Andalus.
According to this study, it has been stated that the scientific Journeys of Andalusian scholars to the East had a great impact on flourishing and activating the scientific movement in Lberian Peninsula Island. The quest for knowledge was one of the most important reasons that helped create a sober cultural model which has achieved two things: First, the knowledge and science of the world. Second, the books and works which have been brought from the East to Andalusian. So, directly the Andalusian students start receiving these sciences from the scholars who return from their trips to the East and from the books they received. Thus, the scientific activity has been increased rapidly. Various sciences have been acquired by scholars through their travels including habits, jurisprudence, history and language as well as the science of readings and literature.

There are certainly a few ambassadors of the third French Republic has a similar diplomatic march for Ernst Constance, during his long term of office, he has largely decided to practice a policies followed by France in the Ottoman Empire. He was able to form a general policy of the French government close to his convictions Through traditional means, such as convincing French foreign ministers to adopt their views often, however, he was directly contrary to the wishes of foreign ministry officials, one of the few ambassadors of the third French Republic who acted independently.
In this research, There is try to show the extent of the political and economic impact that Constance on the overall French-Ottoman relations during his long service as an ambassador in the Ottoman Empire and the most important issues in which, and the opposition faced at home and abroad, and his personal attention to enrich his official work, And try to answer the next question: How could he practice such an extraordinary Influence.

لابد من الاشارة ان الفنون الانسانية هي نتاج البيئة المكان والزمان الذي تحمل خصائصه وتعالج مشاكله وتحمل بين طياتها قصصه وأساطيره وحكاياته وتكشف عن الابعاد الفكرية وعن آليات اشتغال متنوعة للتعبير والخيال إزاء معطيات المعرفة المحيطة في مختلف الحضارات والثقافات والذي اسفر عن تنوع في طريقة التشكيل للمنتج الفني بغية اظهاره بصيغة جمالية مغيارة للواقع والانتقال من المادي الى المتخيل , لقد هدفت الدراسة إلى التعمق في معرفة بنية الزمان والمكان التي طرأت التحولات الفنية والجمالية الاسلامية، واستقراء حفرياتهما الفلسفية والفنية على أساس أثرهما الفعال في سياق تشكيل العمل الخزفي على مستوى البناء الفني والجمالي المتجاوز المألوف والمحسوس.

The Hellenistic Period is one of the important Periods in the history of Mesopotamia, but unfortunately it did not receive the necessary accusation from the archaeologists, so we had the opportunity to obtain a good collection of (the confiscated pieces of Hellenistic pottery dolls from the Iraqi Museum), and after careful examination and scrutiny, a number of these were selected Pottery dolls to be the subject of the presented research, and the research included an applied study of all the details of these dolls, such as photographing and drawing the figures of illustrative dolls, as well as their museum numbers, as well as their measurements, colors and condition, and since any study needs to make a comparison of these pieces of art in order to verify and stand on the technical and artistic advantages, and the ratio of these pieces to the civilized role they belong to, the study of these dolls has adopted the descriptive and analytical archaeological method, we must provide a definition of these dolls and their importance in archaeological studies. In this regard, in addition to the fact that it played an important role in expressing human thoughts and perceptions and the maturity of his perceptions during ancient times, and that its uses went beyond one purpose. Including votive gifts to the temple, as well as for the purposes of worship in homes, and others related to the worship of the dead as the property of the deceased, which has a magical power to protect it as it is placed in the grave or on the surface of the grave, and another part is used for decorative purposes, and some of it is used as toys and other purposes. The research includes several topics, the first topic: an overview of the Hellenistic art in the land of the two countries. The second topic included: the technique of higher work pottery pottery dolls. As for the third topic, it includes an analytical study of the study’s dummies: we have raised in our study the research and presented it to a number of important specialized sources that included general and large information from the subject, which they obtained by analysis, recording and deductive study accordingly in line with the nature of the topic, its content and the scientific truth on which the research was based.

The Search discusses the position of the State of Qatar towards the Islamic Resistance Movement, Hamas, after its victory in the legislative elections that were held in the year 2006, the victory of the Hamas movement in it, and the formation of the government that Qatar welcomed and supported after Hamas was subjected to an Israeli blockade and local, regional and international pressures.
Qatar stood by Hamas in its endeavor to stabilize its elected government, and after Hamas took control of the Gaza Strip in 2007, Qatar implicitly recognized what was happening in the Strip and its support for Hamas did not cease, and it tried to reconcile it with Fatah and welcomed Arab efforts aimed at that, and provided financial and political support For the Palestinian people and the Gaza Strip, which is administered by the Islamic Resistance Movement, Hamas.
The research was divided into an introduction and three topics. The first topic dealt with the Islamic Resistance Movement, Hamas, its emergence and founding, while the second topic dealt with Qatar’s stance towards Hamas, 1987-2006: As for the third topic, it dealt with Qatar’s stance towards the Palestinian elections and national reconciliation between Hamas and Fatah.

This historical study is meant to give an explanation in which it reviews the shape of relations between Egypt and Iran despite the rupture in the level of diplomatic representation between them, through Iran’s showing support for the Egyptian revolutionaries since the launch of their Arab Spring Revolution in 2011 in light of Iranian officials ’calls to stand by them in preparation for a serious diplomatic return between the two countries given The lack of praise for any development in its path for long years, especially since the restrictions and limitations imposed by Iran in the conduct of its international relations have reflected on its relations with Egypt and hindered its normalization, especially the interference in Egypt\'s internal affairs by Iran by escalating sectarian difference through its politicization. And there were Iranian attempts to reach a formula that would release that estrangement, but it did not find a way to success, even despite the relative relaxation that appeared in the Brotherhood’s rule of Egypt for only one year because it was a decision that required deliberation. Evidence is that even after the success of the revolution in 2013 in Egypt.

The agreements between Turkey and Hungary opened the way for Hungarian workers to work in Turkey, which is particularly important given Turkey\'s aim for rebuilding and the utilization of trained Hungarian workers in that process. However, because of the significant number of Hungarian workers in Turkey, a number of issues arose, which Hungary attempted to resolve in order to sustain the presence of Hungarian workers in Turkey. Low wages, late payments, an inadequate quality of living, non-renewal of contracts, and deportation are just a few of the problems that Hungarian workers endure. Turkey, on the other hand, sought to get rid of the workers it didn\'t need, especially given the current economic situation, and replace them with Turkish workers, as a result, discussions were formerly the only option for the presence of its workers in Turkey, but all of Hungary\'s obligations were in vain.

The importance of this study is highlighted in analyzing and diagnosing the reality of health services in the city of Mahmudiyah and determining how the institutions of this service are distributed and their efficiency in providing the necessary service to the population at the level of residential neighborhoods, especially after the expansion that the city witnessed during the last stage. Among the criteria for measuring the efficiency of health services, including the human and cadastral criteria, which are represented in measuring the scope of the service to know the neighborhoods served or not, as well as the degree of residents’ satisfaction with the health service provided to them was measured through the questionnaire form, The degree of the population’s satisfaction with the health service provided to them was also measured through the questionnaire, which showed that 46.7% of the studied sample are not satisfied, 33.5% are satisfied with a small degree, and 14.4% of the sample members are moderately satisfied, and 3.3 % are satisfied with a good degree and 2.1% are satisfied with a very good degree , which reflects the high indicator of dissatisfaction with health services in the city. In addition, there is a shortage in the number of hospitals and primary health care centers, as well as a shortage of spaces allocated for these services.
The most important recommendation of the study is to improve health services in the city, provide medical equipment, fill the shortfall in the number of hospitals and health centers, and provide laboratories and specialized doctors in these institutions.

Mosque architecture occupies the first place and the supreme position among the types of Islamic buildings, and this is naturally due to the religious sentiment and the desire to draw closer to the Lord Almighty. Since its inception, the mosque has been a place for prayer, meeting, study and consultation in worldly and religious matters, and the provisions of this tolerant religion emerged from it, thus illuminating the world with its light. The mosques have been concerned with many and varied studies by Arab and foreign specialists and researchers alike. The hanging mosques are among the religious establishments that were not known in the Arab Islamic architecture in the early days of Islam, and their first appearance was in the linkages that played an important role in the religious and military life of North Africa in Tunisia and from Examples the Hanging Mosque on the top floor of Ribat of Monastir, which was built in the second Hijri-eighth century AD, then the Hanging Mosque on the top floor of Ribat of Sousse, which was built in the third Hijri-ninth century CE. The sixth Hijri, the twelfth century CE, and it is a model for the development of the hanging mosques, where shops were built under it, whose revenues were stopped from the ages. To maintain and restore the mosque and fulfill the requirements of its employees and servants. After that, the rest of the suspended mosques followed the same principle regarding the establishment of shops on its lower floor, taking into consideration the different characteristics of each of the subsequent Islamic eras in terms of planning and building their mosques on the upper floor.

It is known about the history of the Iraqi Jews that they are the Jews who adhere to their nationality and nationality the most, and there are many indications that the Iraqi Jews were attached to their country of origin (Iraq) and considered this to be an exile for them. Mikhail, Eli Amir, Sasson Somekh and many other Jewish writers and poets of Iraqi origin, whose writings appeared despite the passage of tens of years, the true picture of the Iraqi society in which they lived, and all the details were revealed in those productions.

The important process in curriculum design is the environment analysis which aims to examine the factors of situation that affect strongly in the course study and learners. Environmental teaching must be provided the progress in education, and curriculum development is considered as a significant step in showing any progress in education. This research discusses the effect of environmental issues on designing curriculum. Curriculum keeps changing with the challenges of the contemporary era, some factors are considered as significant ones for the construction of curriculum itself.

The study of students ’academic achievement helps us to define many students’ orientations، such as the desire to study، define goals، trends and choices. These variables act as forces that contribute to increasing students’ ability to knowledge and understanding. It is the responsibility of educational institutions to create appropriate conditions for developing students ’motivations to achieve long-term educational goals. The behavior behind which the achievement lies may achieve satisfaction for other motives، as obtaining good grades، which is one of the goals of our contemporary culture، may bring the student to respect among his colleagues، which helps to satisfy a need to achieve a current social status، and to obtain more love and respect.
The interest in achievement began in the early 1950s when McClelland and his associates began studying it using the projective method and transformed it into measuring student achievement by analyzing content. The university integration process is important for the university student because of its corresponding reflection on his social interaction and academic achievement، as the university represents especially in the first year، he has a new environment that he was not familiar with while he was in a different school stage.

The study aims to identify the academic lag and its relationship with the cognitive beliefs of university students, as well as knowledge of the statistically significant differences in academic lag, and cognitive beliefs according to the gender variable (male – female).
The researcher prepared a scale (academic lag), and the number of its paragraphs was (42). The questionnaire was applied after ensuring the validity and consistency of a sample of (150) students from Tikrit University 2019-2020, after randomly selecting a number of colleges, as well as preparing a tool for measuring (cognitive beliefs), and the number of paragraphs consisted of (52) Paragraph distributed positive and negative. The questionnaire was applied after ensuring the validity and consistency of a sample of (150) male and female students from Tikrit University, after randomly selecting them from a number of colleges and after collecting and analyzing data, it was concluded in the results of the study that the students do not suffer from academic lag and also have a level Good cognitive belief, and there is a negative relationship between academic lag and cognitive beliefs. In light of the results of the research, a number of recommendations and proposals were made.

Cognitive balance and its relationship to personal intelligence among Tikrit University students
The aim of this research is to build a scale of cognitive balance for university students and build a scale for personal intelligence. The research also aims to identify the level of two variables among the students of Tikrit University \'\'to identify the relationship between them.\" The research samples consist of 3570) (male/ female) students from the third stage of morning studies. The researcher adopted a stratified random sample, and the results of the research showed that the level of cognitive balance is approximately equal to the average of the community, and there is a strong positive correlation between cognitive balance and personal intelligence according to the two variables of gender and specialization.

The research aims to establish a rehabilitation curriculum using different rehabilitation methods according to some kinetic and physical variables, and to identify the effect of the approach in treating the movement of the shoulder joint. The researcher reached a set of conclusions, including the improvement of muscle strength working on the shoulder joint, and the researcher recommends adopting the proposed rehabilitation approach according to some biomechanical and physical variables in health centers and the Center for Physiotherapy and Sports Medicine. Biokinematic variables, and these tests are:
1. Physical Tests.
2. Selected biomimetic variables and their measurement method.
A rehabilitative curriculum has been prepared with the aim of strengthening the muscle group working on the shoulder joint, achieving balance between them and extending the ligaments connected to the joint, which leads to an increase in the range of motion. The curriculum consists of six weeks of (18) rehabilitation units and is applied in (3) units per week (Sunday - Tuesday). Thursday), and the time of the qualifying unit ranges between (40-50) minutes, including (10) minutes for warming up and preparing for the performance of the qualifying unit to identify the extent of improvement in the values of important and influential physical variables after applying the qualifying approach, we find that the differences of the arithmetic circles were all significant, and we will The researcher explains the reasons for these differences as follows:
• Measuring the range of motion of the shoulder joint when testing (flexion).
• Measurement of the range of motion of the shoulder joint when testing (dimension).
• Measuring range of motion when testing (tide)

The goal of this research concerns the impact of democratic socialism on the thought of the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan within its program as an approach to building new generations that depend on recognizing this system as a political and liberal movement, and the understanding of the party cadres on its philosophy, so the party’s goals and objectives were deepened. Also, the consolidation of their relations with other parties and the participation of everyone and expressing their opinions in making important decisions. Our research also aims to identify the secrets behind the scenes and avoid fanaticism,
In this research, the descriptive analytical method was used, that is, reliance on the questionnaire form to collect information and data from all members. The results reached the following: The participation of the majority in the questionnaire, where it was (1650) members. We obtained (1000) thousand questionnaire forms distributed among males and females and of different ages And at different cultural levels, and among the results, we learned about the negatives within the party from their representatives in the departments and their roles, as they emphasized the establishment and holding of the conference every three or four years, whatever the circumstances. And holding cultural courses to get acquainted with the party’s approach and work on consensus to serve everyone and respect the opinion of others. There were also recommendations for research, including the need to know the idea of the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan, which is the idea of democratic socialism that depends on equality and the application of justice in the reality of life for each individual. Working on the prestige of the party, as well as staying away from fanaticism, working for reform, paying attention to people with special needs, and creating a general program related to the public interest.

ئەم توێژینەوەیە پڕۆژەیەكی هزرييه لە خوێندنەوەمان بۆ باسكردن و نوێبوونەوەی (ی.ن.ك) لە كۆنگرە وەك پارتێكی سۆسیال دیموكرات و بە شێوەیەكی ئەكادیمی. توانيمان تاوتوێی بارودۆخی كۆنگرە و گۆرانكارییەكان بكەین لەگەڵ بەرێزان ئەندامانی كۆنگرە وەك نمونەی زیندووی توێژینەوەكە. بەستنی كۆنگرە لەم كاتەدا زۆر گرنگ بوو بۆ ئەندامانی (ی.ن.ك) و لایەنگرانی بەهۆی گۆڕانكارییەكانەوە كە بێگومان هەر مرۆڤێك دەخوازێ‌ بەرنامەی نوێی هەبێت بۆ خودی خۆی و خێزانەكەی، بۆیە ئەم پارتە سیاسییە كە لەم گۆڕەپانی سیاسیەدا تووشی زۆر كێشمەكێشی سیاسی و ئابووری بووتەوە وپێویستی بە ئاوردانەوەیەك هەیە كە چۆن مامەڵە لەگەڵ رووداوە ناوخۆیی و دەرەكییەكان بكات، چونكە سیاسەتی ئەمرۆی دونیا بەگشتی و عێراق و كوردستان بەتایبەتی وادەخوازێ خزمەتكردن و بەرژەوەندی گشتی لەبەر چاو بگیرێ و ناوەرۆكی پارتەكە و خەباتی ئەندامانی لەبیر نەكرێت و هەر یەكە و بەپێی خزمەتی مافی خۆی وەربگرێت و ئەمانە هەموو لەپێناو گەیشتنە خزمەتكردنی هاوڵاتیانه و پێویستە بناغە وبەرنامەی نوێ‌ بەكاربهێنرێت و زەمەنی هەڕەشە وكوتلە وسرینەوەی بەرامبەر نەمێنێ‌، ئەمرۆ بەهۆی ئەو پێشكەوتنە خێراییەوە كە هاتۆتە دونیایەوە كەم كەس توانای گوێ‌ گرتن یا خوێندنەوەی ماوە، دەبێ‌ دەسكاری بەرنامە و پلان و پرۆگرامەكان بكرێتەوە و هیچ كەس هەوڵ نەدات دەسەڵات قۆرغ بكات. بەڵكو دەبێ‌ هەر كەس دوای چەند ساڵێك خزمەت پێشنیاری شوێنەكەی بكات بۆ كەسێكی دی. پارتی سیاسی هەر پارتێك بێت بەرەو هەڵدێری دەبات، چونكە لە سۆسیال دیموكراتدا مانەوە بەزۆر و ستەمكاری نابێت. بەڵكو بە خزمەت و ئەزمون و دەنگی هاوڵاتییانە. بۆیە پارتی سیاسی بە كاراترین و ئەكتیڤترین دامەزراوەی سیاسی دەژمێردرێت، ئەگەر وەك پێویست پیادەی پرۆگرامەكەی بكرێت دوور لە تەكەتول و بەرژەوەندی تایبەت.

The occurrence of a pandemic has two effects in private law. The first is the emergency circumstance, and the second is force majeure, which exempts us from responsibility. The emergency circumstance arises due to a foreign cause outside the carrier’s control and leads to him being charged with financial obligations that exceed his financial ability and solvency, which leads to the collapse of his economic position unless the legislator intervenes to enforce it (Articles 146/2 and 878) an Iraqi civilian. The second is the impossibility of implementation, as the pandemic results in the absence of liability, due to the impossibility of the carrier’s implementation of its obligations. And we try in this research to shed light on the emergency circumstance and the foreign reason that leads to the impossibility of the carrier’s implementation of his contractual obligation to make a spatial change of goods or people.

Research problem is the nature of social problems posed by the Street Pulse program on the local radio, ALQETHARA Tikrit FM.
The research community (Street Pulse Program) included (60) programmatic episodes.
Study curriculum and tools
The researcher used the descriptive analytical method by using the Content Analysis Tool.
Main results:
1. The districts of Salah al-Din Governorate and Tikrit district suffer, including a severe shortage of services and infrastructure.
2. Negligence in government hospitals and a shortage of medicines and medical staff.
3. Most of the agricultural and household materials are imported, and they have a characteristic of being of the second or third degree.
4. Corruption in government departments from quotas, favoritism, and delay in completing citizens' transactions
5. An acute shortage of electricity production and contamination of drinking water.

This study investigates how women’s empowerment is reflected in Arabic literature and considers Nawal El-Saddawi’s The Innocence of the Devil as a Sample. Critical discourse analysis is used as a method for studying some selected extracts. The model adopted is an eclectic one. The approaches of Fairclough (1989, 2003) and Van Dijk (2000, 2003) were utilized to examine the data of the study. The analysis involves three levels of analysis: descriptive, interpretation and explanation. The current study aims to critically analyze the novel on the three levels of analysis in order to highlight the ideological strategies used and to find out how ideology affects the author’s mind and language. It is hypothesized that the discourse of women’s empowerment in Arab countries is still in its early stages. Yet, Arab women, like all feminist movements, made sure to let their voice reach the edge of the world because many vocal Arab female writers have written different works that deal with women’s rights and gender equality. Data analysis shows that El- Saddawi tackles various societal and religious aspects, such as education, sexuality, and tradition in which women's submission to and revolution against violence are found. The study has come up with findings that validate the set hypotheses.

The present paper argues that Zeliha, the heroine of the novel The Bastard of Istanbul represents a perfect sample of a modern woman inside the new developed society in Turkey. She strives to find herself a space in a patriarchal society and proves herself as an independent individual who has the ability and potentiality to plan, inspire, and accomplish her aims creatively. It argues also that she changes the result of that disgusted event which took place earlier in her life into a successful and prosperous project, despite all those terrible difficulties and obstacles she has faced in her life. She breaks down all that false customs and ideologies which portrayed women as fragile. She erases that tendentious and negative image which sees women as indolent, ignorant and weak. She destroys that biased perspectives which conceive woman as the 'Other' and as a commodity used just for breeding and childcare in the patriarchal society.

This study deals with ellipsis of subject and predicate in English and Arabic. It sheds light on the cases in which the subject or the predicate is obligatorily or optionally ellipted in both languages. A theoretical comparison has been made between the two languages concerning subject and predicate ellipsis as a linguistic phenomenon, dealing with all its types and functions in both languages. The comparison has been constantly supported by discussions and many examples. Finally, the study has reached out that there are some similarities and differences between English and Arabic as far as ellipsis of subject and predicate is concerned.

The research endeavors to reveal a socio-political and symbolic study of the epidemic in the novel The Plague by Albert Camus (1913-1960) in light of the Corona pandemic that the world is experiencing nowadays. Within this framework, the research aims through its multiple axes to show the philosophical characteristics of the writer and the historical sources that inspired him to write the novel The Plague. The research also aims to show the similarities between its events and the conditions of human society during the Corona pandemic in order to present a picture of the human society and its lofty values in this novel rich in its various topics, both in terms of form and content, in addition to clarifying the impact of the pandemic on human societies.

Résumé:
L'un des thèmes importants dans la pensée d'Albert Camus (1913-1960) est de savoir comment affronter le mal, l'abstraction et l'indifférence à l'égard de la souffrance d'autrui pendant les catastrophes diverses. Le présent travail tente de capter une image socio-politique et symbolique de l'épidémie dans La Peste tout en tentant de manifester une approche avec les situations établies pendant la période de la pandémie de Covide19 qui a fondé un nouvel ordre mondial.
Notre travail vise dans un premier temps à dévoiler les caractéristiques de la pensée de Camus et ses sources inspiratrices de son œuvre riche de thèmes variés autant sur le plan du contenu que sur celui de la forme. Ensuite, nous allons mettre en évidence les visages de la concordance et la similitude entre les évènements de La Peste qui relate une histoire fictive et les impacts de la pandémie de coronavirus sur les communautés humaines.

Binominal and the Compound noun are the common elements in Kurdish language. Each element consists of more than component, So that we try through the title of research the compare and contrast the two elements according to the comparative analytical methode in which the names of villages can from Compound nouns and Binominal, through out some grammatical categories, and from Binominal, or consists of two or more elements either of the same class or of different classes and from Compound nouns. At the end it truns out that there is a difference between the two elements.

This research is entitled (The argument structure of predicate Buon and Habuon) in the Kurdish language. The research aims to know the morphological, semantics and syntactic characteristics of both predicates and the role of these characteristics in the argument structure of the predicates. The research consists of an introduction, two chapters and the most important findings of the research, as well as a list of the research bibliography.
The first chapter includes the basic concepts in the theory of argumentative structure and its characteristics and types of arguments in language. As well as the concept of the predicate and its relationship to the arguments, the role of semantic restrictions in the selection of the arguments by the predicate, and the concept of the semantic roles of the predicate. As for the second chapter, the research dealt with the argument structure of the predicates (Buon and Habuon) in terms of the morphological/formal structure and its importance in the formation of that structure, as well as the significance of the predicates and their roles in determining the argument structure of the predicates. In the last topic, the research presented the syntactic structure of the predicates and the relationship between the syntactic structure and the argument structure of the predicates, and the results of similar and different aspects between the both predicates.

پوختە:
ئەم لێکۆڵینەوەیە پەیوەستە بە هەردوو کاری (بوون ، هەبوون) لە زمانی کوردییدا، بەهۆی ئەوەى لێکۆلینەوەکانی پێشوو لەبارەی ئەم دوو کارەوە، کە کراوە جۆرە تێکەڵییەک کراوە لە رووی فۆرم و واتا و ئەرکە رێزمانییەکانەوە، بەڵام بە پێی دروستەى ئارگۆمێنت چارەسەری ئەو کێشە و گرفتانەکراوە، چونکە ئامانجی دروستەى ئارگۆمێنت پەسنکردنی پەیوەندی نێوان پریدیکات و ئارگۆمێنتەکانی پریدیکاتەکانە لەڕستەدا. واتە دروستەى ئارگۆمێنت لە دوو لایەن: سیمانتیک و سینتاکس دەکۆڵێتەوە. کاری دروستەى دروستەى ئارگۆمێنت پەیکاڵبوونی سیمانتیکی لیکسیکی/بەستنەوەى سیمانتیکی لیکسیکی بەدروستە سینتاکسیەکانەوەیە. لەرووی سینتاکسییەوە دروستەى ئارگۆمێنت زانیارییە لێکسیکییەکان سەبارەت بە ژمارەی ئارگۆمێنتەکان و جۆرە سینتاکسییەکانیان بەکۆد دەکات بەپێی ئەم تیۆرە و لێکدانەوە بۆ هەردوو کاری (بوون و هەبوون) دوو فۆرم و کاری جیاوازن بەهۆی ئەوەى دروستەى ئارگۆمێنتی جیاوازییان هەیە

Women consider one of the subject matter that have been mentioned in a variety of Kurdish literary works This study entitled under the name (The role of women in society and literature Runaway from the yellow minutes novel), encompasses both theoretical and practical aspects of women’s issues. In this research, the novels that had been chosen are mostly concerned with women’s rights and values because the author’s purpose is to take in consideration the obstacles women face from ancient eras until current years. Kurdish women were often deprived from their rights and achievements, but by passing years, these obstacles have been solved. The structures of this research composes of ( two parts: The first part is an introduction to the role and achievements of women in East Islamic society (Middle East), in reality, in the fields of sociology, society and politics and women’s role in literature. In addition the second part consists of two practical chapters).


پێشەكی:
ئافرەت كەسایەتییەكا سەرەكییە د ئاڤاكرنا جڤاكانداـ، ھەر جڤاك بیت، ھەر دیسان ھەر د كەڤنداژی د بواێ ئەدەبیاتێداژی رۆلەكێ دیار ھەبوویە، كو ھەر ددەمێن بوریدا نڤیسەران و ھۆزانڤانان ئاماژە ب رۆلێ ئەوێ دایە. ژن وەك بونەوەركێ‌ سەرەكییە د ناڤ رومانێ‌دا دهێتە بكارهینان، كارەكتەرەكا بهێز و سەرەكی د ناڤ هەر ژانرەكێ‌ ئەدەبیدا ب تایبەتی د رومانێد‌ا ھەیە، رومانێن دەڤەرا بەهدینانژی ب شێوەكێ‌ گشتی، لەورا نڤێسین و ڤەكۆلینكرن ل سەر ژنێ‌ كارەكێ‌ فەر و پێدڤیە، ژبەركو ژن ل گەل زەڵامیدا تەمامكەرێن ئێك دوو بووینە و ب هەڤرا بەردەوامیێ‌ ددەنە ژیانێ‌. هەر ژ دەستپێكا هەبوونێ‌َ و درێژاهییا مێژوویێ‌ ژن ل بندەست ژیایە و زۆرداری و ستەم لێ‌ هاتیە كرن. گەلەك جاران ژ نەزانینا پەیاما ژنێ‌ د ژیانێدا ژن بوویە قوربانی، بەلێ‌ د چاخێن داویێدا ل وەلاتێن ڕۆژئاڤادا بزاڤێن ئازادیخوازێن ژنان پەیدابوینە و كار بۆ ئازادییا ژنێ‌ كرییە، د هەرێما كوردستانێیدا جۆرە سەربەخۆیەك هەبوویە كو چەندین سەنتەرێن رەوشەنبیری و ئەكادیمی و زانستی دا بۆ ژنێ‌ هاتینە دانان. واتە بەرەڤ رەوشەنبیركرنا ژنا كورد چوویە كو ئەڤەژی هشیاركرنەك بۆ ئافرەتێ‌ بوویە، ژبەر ئەڤێ‌ یەكێ‌ مژارا ئازادیا ژنێ‌ وەك تێگەهەكێ‌ جێندەری ل هەرێما كوردستانێ‌ دەستپێكر و د ناڤ بەرهەمێن ئەدەبیدا خو جه بوویە. ئەڤەژی بوویە ئەگەرێ‌ پەیدابوونا چەندین ژنێن نڤیسەر، ژ ئەوانژی رومانڤێس بووینە. هەر چەندە ڤەكۆلین كرن ل سەر ژنێ‌ و ناڤێ‌ ژنێ‌ كارەكێ‌ زەحمەت و گرانە، چونكە دڤێت د ئاستێ‌ گرنگی و بهایێ‌ بابەتیدا بیت، تایبەتی ل سەر ژنێ‌. ئانكو ژنێ‌ دلوڤانیەك بێ‌ وێنە هەبوویە كو پێدڤیە ئەم ئەوێ‌ چەندێ‌ ژبیرنەكەین كو هەر زەلامكێ‌ زیرەك و پەهلەوان كورێ‌ شێرەژنەكا چەلەنگ و شوكردار بووییە، ئەو ژن، یان ئەو دایك وەكو قوتابخانەكێ‌ بوویە، واتە دڤێت باش بزانیت كو (ل پشت هەر زەلامەكێ‌ شكۆردار، ژنەكا شكۆردار هەیە)، یان دەربڕینەكا دی ( ل گەل هەر شێرەكی، شێرەژنەك هەیە).

This research is tagged (the concept of the homeland and the earth in the opinion of a poet, Mawlana Roumi and Mehoui), comparative study, consists of an introduction, summary, conclusion, results, list of sources and references, and summary in Arabic, the first chapter consists of the researchers, The first topic deals with the concept and term comparative literature and the history of comparative literature, and the second research deals with schools comparative literature, but the second chapter consists of two researchers, the first research deals with the biography of a poet (Moulana Rumi and Mahwa), while the second research And the latter, in practice, deals with the concept of The practical form of the concept of homeland and land in the poet's poems(Rumi and Mehwa)

پێشەکی:ــ
چەمکی (زێد) یاخود نیشتمان چەمکێکی گرنگە، هەم لەرووی سیاسی و جوگرافییەوە هەم لەڕووی دەروونی و فەلسەفییەوە. ئەم چەمکە لەلای هەر چین و توێژ و تاکێک واتای تایبەت بەخۆی هەیە. ئەوەی بەلای ئێمە گرنگە واتا و ڕەهەندەکانی ئەم چەمکەیە لەلای عاریفان، بەتایبەت دوو عاریفی گەورەی ئیسلامی کە (مەولانای رۆمی) و (مەحوی) دەگرێتەوە. ئەم دوو شاعیرە خاڵی جیاواز و هاوبەشیان لەمەڕ ئەم بابەتە هەیە و لەگەڵ ئەوەشدا کاریگەری مەولانا بەسەر مەحوییەوە هەستی پێدەکرێت. لەلای ئەوان ئەم سەرزەمینە نیشتمانی سەرەکی و ڕەسەنی مرۆڤ نییە و نیشتمانی ڕاستەقینەی ئادەمیزاد بریتییە لەو بەهەشتەی کە سەرەتا تێیدا ژیاوین و پاشان دەرکراوین بۆ سەر ئەم زەوییە خاکییە.
ئەم توێژینەوە بەراوردییە لە دوو بەشی سەرەکی پێکهاتووە. لە بەشی یەکەمدا چەمک و زاراوە و مێژووی بەراوردی ئەدەبی، هاوکات قوتابخانە سەرەکییەکانی بەراوردی ئەدەبی خراونەتە بەر باس و لێکۆڵینەوە. لە بەشی دووەمیشدا ژیاننامەی مەولانا و مەحوی باسکراوە و پاشان واتای چەمکی زێد لەلای هەردووکیان ڕوون کراوەتەوە.
ڕێبازی توێژینەوەکە:
ئەم توێژینەوەیە بە میتۆدی (وەسفی ـــ پراکتیکی) نووسراوە و تێیدا قوتابخانەی بەراوردی ئەمەریکی کراوەتە بنەمای کارکردنی توێژینەوەکە، بەجۆرێک لە بەشی یەکەمدا چەمک و پێناسەی بەراوردی ئەدەبی و قوتابخانەکانی باسکراوە و لە بەشی دووەمدا بەشێوەی پراکتیکی بەسەر شیعرەکانی مەولانا و مەحویدا جێبەجێ کراوە.
هۆکاری هەڵبژاردنی بابەتەکە:
بەهۆی گرنگی چەمکی (زێد) و ڕەهەندە جیاواز و قووڵەکانی ئەم چەمکە لەلای عاریفان، ئەم توێژینەوەیەمان ئەنجامدا. مەولانا وەک یەکێک لە شاعیر و عاریفە گەورەکانی جیهان و مەحویش وەک عاریفێکی مەزنی کورد بۆ ئەم توێژینەوەیە هەڵبژێردراون بۆ ئەوەی لە دیدگا قووڵ و فەلسەفییەکانی ئەوانەوە بۆ چەمکی نیشتمان بڕوانین کە زۆر جیاوازە لەو دنیابینییەی کەسانی ئاسایی بۆ ئەم بابەتە هەیانە.

Water is the source of life and is always required as it is indispensable and everyone needs it in order to sustain life, whether it is for drinking or using it in other aspects of life. and chemical, one of the main challenges for treating bottled water is to produce a high-quality product that is free from pathogenic organisms, which can pollute the quality of the product and reduce the default. And the size of the economic return of this production and the economic feasibility of the project in establishing factories or plants for the production of bottled drinking water, and there are many ways to analyze this relationship, but the scientific and most accurate method is the field study, that is, observation in the field by the researcher of the spatial distribution of factories for the production of bottled drinking water and the method of transportation, and that The production process of bottled water as a whole from the factory and the availability of the production components of raw material, labor, and A means of transportation and a market for this product, as it is an integrated production system that requires the researcher to investigate in the field the work of this system and the extent of its economic contribution in the city of Samarra.