Mesopotamia Journal of Agriculture

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TRENDS OF AGRICULTURAL FOREIGN TREAD IN SELECTED DEVELOPING COUNTRIES IN THE LIGHT OF THE EFFECT OF CONTEMPORARY INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICAL VARIABLES IN PERIOD 1985-2013

Pages: 1-16 Arabic

Abstract

The opinionstudied the reality of the agricultural external trade in the developing countries are diversified in the light of the effect of contemporary international economical variables.Some of these opinions refer to that these variables bear a number of opportunities and dangers for the dangers tend to the developing states.However, there are still a great and effectiverole for the state to be done with great effectiveness to increase the interests and decrease the dangers whether they areeconomical or social. Henceforth, our study depends on an assumption that embodies that the contemporary international economical variables affected variously on the agricultural external trade in a number of developing countries during 1985-2013.In order to confirm the research assumption, a number ofdeveloping countries were selected to include (Egypt, Jordon, Turley, Tunisia, Morocco, Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia). In which, the chronological series are adopted in evaluate the studied phenomenon and in each country individually for they reflectthe changes occurred in the external trade according to their properties and traits differed from a state to another.

Keywords

ContemporaryNationalVariables. Developing Countries Foreign Agriculture Tread

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EFFECT OF DRIED YEAST AND BENTONITEAS SUPPLEMENT ON GROWTH AND SOME CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS IN LAMBS

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EFFECT OF FEEDING Coccinella novemnotata Herbst,AND C. undecimpunctata L. (COLEOPTERA: COCCINELLIDAE) ON Hyalopterus pruni Geoffr. (HEMIPTERA: APHIDIDAE) ON SOME BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERS OF THE TWO PREDATORS

Pages: 329-336 Arabic

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Resultsof studyingtheextent suitability of Hyalopterus pruni Geoffr. (Hemiptera: Aphididae) as suitable prey to the Lady beetles Coccinella novemnotata Herbstand Coccinella undecimpunctata L. (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae) on some biological characters of two predators, showed that there is no significant effects between the means of larval development period which was 2.8,2.6,3.4and 3.6 days for the fourth larval stages period of C. novemnotata Herbst respectively, in comparison with 2.6,2.8, 3.4and 3.6 days for C.undecimpunctata L. respectively, but there is significant effects between the means of pupal period which was 4.2 and 5.2 days for two predators respectively,the resultsalsoshows a significant effects on the means of oviposition period which was 26.67 and 22.33 days for C. novemnotata Herbst and C. undecimpunctata L. respectively but there is no significant effects between the means of preoviposition and postoviposition period which were4.67,4.33,4.33 and 5.00 days for C. novemnotata Herbstand C. undecimpunctata L. respectively and thus thesignificant effects on the means of number of egg per female, dialy deposited andeggs hatching percentage which reached 2030.67 egg/ female,67.17egg/female/day and 89.22% for C. novemnotata Herbstrespectively in comparison with 758.00 egg/ female,36.46 egg/ female/day and 85.54% for C. undecimpunctata L. respectively but there is no significant effects between the means of incubation period which reached 2.35and 2.70days forC. novemnotata HerbstandC.undecimpunctataL.respectively

Keywords

Biological characters. C. undecimpunctata Coccinella novemnotata Hyalopterus pruni

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Effect of some Bioinsecticides and Chitin Inhibitors onsome Plant Pathogenic Fung

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Economics production buffalo breeding farms in the province of Nineveh (Badush area a case stady)

Pages: 103-108 Arabic

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Pages: 155-170 Arabic

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Abstract

Used in this study Four varieties of Peas (Pisum sativumL.) viz,(1-Carina, 2-English, 3-Green Feastand 4-Little Marvel ) were Full diallel crossing carried out according to (Griffing 1956) first method (Model I) to produce F2 hybrids, of twelve single hybrid from self pollination of F1 hybrid during the growing season 2010/2011. The parents and F2 hybrid were planting by using Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D.) with three replications at vegetable field of the Horticulture and landscape design department, College of Agriculture and Forestry , Mosul University, during the growing season 2011/2012, for evaluate the performance of full diallel hybrids and parents, to determine the best parental combinations through general and specific combining abilities analysis and estimating their effects and reciprocal effect of the yield and its components. Analysis of variance results showed that mean squares of general combining ability was significant for all the studied characters except no. of branches(branch. plant-1)and pod filling, and that of specific combining ability was significant for most studied characters, the reciprocal effects was significant for all studied characters. The results showed that variance compound of general combining ability was higher than that of specific combining ability for plant height, date flowering and maturity, average weight and pod length, no. of seeds per pod, green pods yield and biological yield, indicating that an additive gene action control the inheritance of these characters. Estimation of general combining ability effects showed that the parent Little Marvel was significant and good combiners formost of the studied characters, indicating that the contains desired gene , the hybrids varied for their specific combining ability effects, the hybrid 2×4 have a good significant specific combining ability effects for the most desirable characters, and this due to the wide genetic diversity between their parents and their abilities to inherit their characters to their hybrids

Keywords

Combining ability Diallel cross Peas Reciprocal Effect

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THE EFFECT OF MEDIA, NITROGEN FERTILIZATION AND FOLIAR SPRAY OF GIBBERELLIC ACID ON GROWTH AND MINERAL STATUS OF OLIVE TRANSPLANTS CV. BASHIKA.

Pages: 171-186 Arabic

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Abstract

This experiment was conducted on olive (Olea europaea L.) transplants, Bashika cv. in the nursery of Department of Horticulture and Landscape Design of the College of Agriculture and Forestry, during season 2012 to study the effect of four growing medias (sandy loam 100%, sandy loam 3:1 manure, sandy loam : manure: peatmoss 3: 1/2:1/2 and sandy loam: peatmoss 3:1), three levels of nitrogen fertilization (0,100 and 200 mgN.l-1) and foliar spray with GA3 (0 and 100 mg GA3 .l-1) and their interaction treatments , in order to improve vegetative growth . The experiment was factorial in randomized complete block design (RCBD), with 4 replicates and 10 transplants within each factorial units. Means were compared by Duncan multiple ranges test at 0,05% level. The most important results were asfollows: Growing medium were effective in most studied parameters, The sandy loam medium 100% increased transplants height, diameter, branching ,leaves number and leaves areas, while sandy loam: manure: peat moss 3:1/2:1/2 resulted in a significant increase the height of transplants , leaves area. And fertilization with 200 mg N.l-1 resulted in an increase in transplant height, leaves number, leaves area. GA3 foliar spray at 100 mg.l-1 increased transplant stem diameter and branching. The interaction between the three factors resulted in an additional increase in transplant height, stem diameter, branching, specially the interaction between sandy loam 100% + 100 mg GA3.l-1 and 100 N.l-1 mg, while other interactions appeared a different responses.

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Inheritance of Quantitative Characters in Diallel Crosses of Maize

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Estimates of Combining Ability by Complete Diallel Crosses Analysis in Hexaploid Wheat Triticum aestivum L

Abstract

The experiment was carried out at al-Alkosh location in Nineveh Governorate in the agricultural season of 2009-2010. The aim of the present research is to study the effect of OD Pallas herbicide with three doses (4556.25 and 50.4 g/donum) Chevalier (11.25 g/donum) and Granstar (37.5g/donum) + Topic (15g/donum) herbicides in controlling broad and narrow leaf weeds growing with durum wheat um rabee variety and to obtain the effect of these treatment on the yield of wheat. The experiment was set out as Randomized Complete Block Design with threereplicates. The results showed that OD Pallas gave a significant reduction in the number of broad and narrow leaf weeds and their dry weights and this results had a positive reflect in increasing the yield of wheat. The highest yield production of wheat was obtained with using OD Pallas at concentration of 125 cm³/donum (336.3 kg/donum) whereas the yield in the control treatment was only 110 kg/donum. Furthermore the presence of weeds in the control treatment led to a reduction in the yield production of up to 59.4%. Keywords: OD Pallas , Chevalier , Granstar , Topic , Wheat , Um Rabee variety.

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HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY EFFECTS FOR SOME TRAITS OF PEA (Pisum sativum L.)

Pages: 435-450 Arabic

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Pages: 469-487 English

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Abstract

Twenty-four lactating Karadi ewes, 3-5 years old and 54±0.69 kg in body weight were used to study the effect of RDP to RUP ratio on milk yield, composition and some blood attributes. Ewes with their lambs were placed in individual pens and fed concentrate and straw ad lib. Milk yield was recorded in two successive days at biweekly intervals commencing at 2ndweek post lambing by using hand milking and lamb suckling technique. Also, blood samples were withdrawn at start, mid and at the end of the experimental period (84 days).Daily milk yield and total milk yield averaged 1.16±0.038 and 98.31±4.44 kg, respectively. Feeding ewes protected SBM resulted in a non-significant increase in milk yield in T3 (15.22%), and 12.06% in FCM in T2 as compared to control.A significant (P<0.05) effect of treatment on both percentage and yield of fat and protein was observed. However, the highest fat percent and yield was recorded in T2, whereas, the highest percent and yield of protein was noticed in T2 and T3, respectively. Cholesterol and urea levels was significantly (P<0.05) lower in T1 as compared to other groups.KEYWORDS: RDP: RUP ratios, Milk, Blood metabolites, Karadi ewes

Keywords

Blood metabolites Karadi ewes Milk RUP ratios

86

ResistanceSaffower (CarthamustinctoriusL.)Callusand its branches to salinity Stress

Pages: 447-462 Arabic

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Abstract

The study was implemented in the year 2013-2014 in the tissue culture laboratory of the field crops department/ faculty of agriculture and forestry for the purpose of producing callus and saline resistant plants , the results showed capability to initiation leaves callus with high levels which was 100% at present 2,4-D alone or its interaction with BA in medium of MS, which supported by sodium chloride salt levels (0.0, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 Molar) except a concentration (0.3 molar) which significantly reduced the initiation ratio.Theestemation resultsof proline acomulation in leaves callus as an indicator of salinity resistance showed that the proline content was significantly higher at all levels of salinity used (0.05-0.3 molar) for more than 30 μg/g frish whight compared to 2.3 and 2.8 μg / g After 4 and 8 weeks of treatment any more than 10 times its presence in control tretment.Salinity resistance results showed that branches forming from callusof shoot tip and leaf showed resistance to salinity after four weeks of transfer of branches to growth medium and multiplication which suplimented with sodium chloride salt. Although the number of branches decreased slightly in the fourth week, they were able to grow and showed tolerance to the medium content of 0.2 molar NaCl, while no significant differences were observed in the number of branches during the four weeks on the saline medium (0.1 molar). The number of branches arising from leaf callus did not differ significantly in all medium (0.0-0.2)and showed continuous resistance for four weeks. Results of interaction salt with the plant part showed that increased salinity led to the reduction of branches with a significantly increased concentration of the tip stem and were not significant for the branches of the callus leaves. The effect of the time showed that it was not significant in reducing the number of branches in the two parts of the plant. It was also noticed that there was an increase in the length of the branches of each of the stem tip and leaves callus in the medium containing (0.1 molar NaCl). In high concentrations of salt (0.2 molar) It continued to grow in all saline medium, suggesting that salts may be resistant to saline stress, possibly for genetic mutations that have adapted to growth in these medium,

Mesopotamia Journal of Agriculture

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