Nasaq

Detect the impact of special muscle capacity in developing some physical traits in transient ball. - Identify the significance of differences in some physical traits in the tribal and backen of the tribal and opposing groups. - Identify the differences in some physical traits in the cross-sectional and control groups in the interview. - The researchers used the experimental approach to its suitability and research nature, and performed a sample selected in the deliberate method, the national team players were the transboundary ball, and they were randomly divided into two groups (Experimental and proof) and in reality (6) players per group. The researchers have been used to design a design name (tribal tribal experiment on a trial group and a control group) and after getting results researchers By processing statistically using the statistical pouch (SPSS). The researchers reached the following conclusions: - The proposed training program for special muscle capacity has been sophisticated in all physical qualities through the comparison of the results of tribal and perpetual tests of the experimental group and the benefit of dimensional tests. - The Group has achieved the control by applying the curriculum prepared by the coach in physical traits (the speedy power of men, fitness, transitional speed), and has not been a remarkable development in the physical qualities (elaborate for arms, force The bonded for men, the distinctive power of the arms). - The dimensional tests of the experimental group overtaken on the interim tests of the control group in all physical qualities under study in the game of transit.

This study aims to explore the impact of the Jigsaw strategy on the process of acquiring social sciences concepts among first-year middle school female students, in addition to its impact on their systemic thinking. In their study, the researchers used the experimental method, where they selected two random groups from the research community, and divided the research sample into two groups. The experimental group was taught using the (Jigsaw) strategy, while the control group was taught in the traditional way.
The study showed that using the Jigsaw strategy contributes to female students’ acquisition of social sciences concepts, to the benefit of the experimental group. The results of this strategy showed an increase in the level of acquisition among female students. The study also showed a positive impact on the systemic thinking of first-year middle school female students.
The researchers also recommended the following:
•Training female teachers on how to apply the Jigsaw strategy in teaching social studies.
• Including examples and models of the Jigsaw strategy in social studies books to enhance its use in the learning environment.
• Conduct more research on the use of the Jigsaw strategy in teaching social studies at various levels of learning.

The research requirements were to know the differences between aggressive divergent thinking among adolescents, toxins and smokers among students of Al-Rusafa Secondary School. A research study was conducted on )50( adolescent girls aged (16-18) years for the fourth, fifth and sixth preparatory stages. Half of them were from the mountains and the other half were from non-mountain students, two equal groups as preparatory students who were deliberately selected from the mountains and non-smokers. In this study, the researcher relied on the two research groups, the Bousaya and Perry (1992) scale Arabized and standardized by Ahmed Abdel Khaleq (2000), and he also relied on them the divergent thinking and aggression test prepared by Heba Musilhi (2004). After conducting statistical treatments and calculating the extent and degree of significance of the differences between the two research groups, there were differences between adolescents and smokers in divergent thinking and aggression among adolescent students, as adolescent smokers were clearly statistically higher in the culture of aggression, hostility and anger than the group of others. Also, smokers are The results of their study showed that adolescent smokers are statistically higher in divergent thinking and aggression among adolescents. The researcher discussed the results of his study in light of the hypothetical study, consultations and recommendations on divergent thinking and aggression among smokers .and non-smokers from high school students .Number of sample members.

Parkour is a difficult sport because its movements are a mixture of artistic gymnastics movements, jumping, flying, landing, traversing, and continuous crossing of obstacles and barriers, and the resulting danger in performance, as specialists focus greatly on achieving safety and creativity. During the transition from one point to another, and due to its modernity, its sweeping the world, and its great increase in popularity, it has become the subject of interest for researchers in various humanitarian and scientific specializations, and after the researcher was acquainted with many Arab and foreign studies in the sport of parkour, which used techniques and tools, as well as modern training programs, as well as artificial intelligence. In advancing the sport and facilitating the calculation of biomechanical variables, the researcher noted, through her review of previous studies, that the sport of parkour is a combination of the mind and the body, and also has a positive impact on its practitioners. The goals of scientific and human studies in sports in general have been multiple, and all of parkour is in the interest of the sport, both from the side. Physical or psychological, or their impact on society, all contributed to raising the level of the player, progressing the sport, and achieving the desired goals to achieve the first positions and achieving the goals of sustainable development in using everything that serves the learning and teaching process, advancing scientific sports research, and serving the sport.

The research examines an important title of modernist titles for the term intertextuality, especially with regard to its mechanisms and stretching techniques, and it was one of the most important critical attentions, which I highlighted, in an important book of the Andalusian library, represented by the book (The Unique Contract) by Ibn Abd Rabbo Al-Andalusi, as intertextuality has mechanisms to achieve its goals and purposes, and this is achieved through: The mechanism of brevity and condensation, and the mechanism of stretching and explanation, has focused in this research on the mechanism of stretching and explanation, because of its wide role in achieving the process of intertextuality large and clear in the book of the unique contract, and in order to be such research a bright way, for those who want to research in the encyclopedic world of ancient heritage literary books. As well as deviating from the norm in providing literary studies on the Andalusian heritage, and moving away as much as possible from historical and exhibition studies that are far from the spirit of literature and monitoring the aesthetics and various styles.

IT'S Impossible to deny the circumstances that faced the poet and extrapolating his effects indicates the creeping effects of his psychological suffering and his poetry is not devoid of proverbs and aphorisms mixed with beautiful rhetorical images of smiles ,allusions,and antithesis.

The current research aims to investigate the nature of the relationship between expected perception and academic resilience among university students, employing a descriptive correlational methodology. The study focused on the student population of the University of Baghdad for the academic year 2022-2023, which is 45,285 male and female students from both scientific and humanities disciplines. A stratified random sampling method was used to select a sample of 500 students. The researcher constructed the Expected Perception Scale and adopted the Academic Resilience Scale from Masiero (2018). The results indicated a significant positive correlation between expected perception and academic resilience among university students. Furthermore, the findings revealed gender differences in this relationship, with a stronger correlation observed among females compared to males. Additionally, there were differences in the relationship based on students' academic disciplines, with stronger correlations found among students in scientific disciplines compared to humanities disciplines. Based on these results, the researcher drew several conclusions and provided recommendations and suggestion.

Praise be to God Almighty, who created, equalized, destined, and guided, and may blessings and peace be upon His beloved whom He chose, and his family and companions who are endowed with merit, understanding, and purity. After this, this is a research titled “Achieving Sharia objectives through realizing reality and its impact on changing jurisprudential rulings,” in which I touched on the importance and necessity of realizing reality to reach To the appropriate Sharia ruling in a way that achieves the objectives of the noble Sharia, in accordance with Sharia controls and not according to whims. We seek refuge in God Almighty from that, and that is only a natural product of our blessed Sharia, which has flexibility and effective self-renewal. How could it not, when God Almighty has deposited these properties in it so that it becomes the righteous Sharia that is good for all circumstances? People everywhere and until the people rise up to the King, the Judge, may His Majesty be glorified and may He be blessed. Our humble research has been conducted in the concept of legal objectives and the extent of their achievement in deriving rulings after studying reality and the consequences of new actions and dispositions in people’s livelihoods with changing circumstances, time and place, and this is the basis of our righteous law that is beneficial to people’s conditions. No matter how circumstances and circumstances change, flexibility and self-renewal are linked to the legal texts and the principles and rules of rulings, which cannot be separated from it in order to achieve this validity for this true religion. Thus, it is necessary for the working scholars and imams who work diligently in the religion to be fully aware of the reality and understanding of the situation and to look at the spirit of the text to reach the rulings. Sharia law that achieves the purposes of Sharia law in preserving religion, soul, mind, lineage, and money in addition to necessity, need, and improvement. Our Sharia calls for perfection in matters while maintaining the principles upon which this noble Sharia was built. The research required an introduction and two sections. As for the first section, it was an overview of the concept of goals. And its importance in the shadows of the Noble Qur’an and the Noble Sunnah and its general concept. As for the second topic, it was about a few examples of the legal rulings that took another form in a way that achieves the purpose of the Sharia within the concept of the righteous predecessors of the rules of the principles of jurisprudence, an introduction to reasoning by the Qur’an and the Sunnah, arriving at the meaning that serves the accountable person in his transactions and brings benefit to him and the nation. It protects against harm without deviating from the controls and rules of the true religion. Then the conclusion was a summary of the research and contained some conclusions and recommendations Praise be to God Almighty, Lord of the Worlds

The subject of the study is (Qur’anic and Prophetic methods in treating extremism and fanaticism), and it is an effort by the researcher to reveal the approach and rules for dealing with the phenomena of fanaticism and extremism from which the Islamic nation suffers.
It was limited to ways to treat extremism and extremism in Islamic society, according to the Islamic concept, in the form of scientific and practical rules.
The scientific rules in dealing with extremist thought, such as scientific immunity, faith, and criticism of thought, not self-criticism, and knowledge, with varying types and levels of extremism, and showing the contradiction of suspicions with each other according to the people of extremism and extremism, and we do not return falsehood for falsehood, nor do we abandon a truth that is falsely said, and we contrast every suspicion with something that contradicts it of its kind.
As for the practical rules in dealing with extremist thought, such as addressing the origins and causes of extremism and fanaticism, opening the doors of dialogue with them, kindness, forbearance, and wisdom, and integrating the position of scholars and princes (the Sultan and the Qur’an), and not testing the violator in what he has not revealed, and justice and fairness with the violator.

This study, which is tagged with (the structure of the narrative in thenovels of Mr. Hafez, the novel "Plain Coffee" as a model). To stand on the manifestations and techniques of modern narration in the aforementioned novel. Especially since the novel is deep in its various events and artistic techniques. The study was divided into an introduction, a preface, two sections and a conclusion. The introduction dealt with the presentation and division of the study. As for the introduction, it fell into two axes, the first axis dealt with: introducing the writer Mr. Hafez and his artistic works, while the second axis stopped at introducing the novel "Plain Coffee" and its details before studying it artistically.
The first topic: structure and types, narrative, components of narration, narrative patterns, narrative structure.
The second section of the study, which deals with the analytical aspect, dealt with the structure of personality, time and place, in which we were exposed to (the concept of personality and its types of main and secondary characters, the concept of time and the most important time paradoxes of retrieval and anticipation, and the concept of place and spatial formations from closed and open places and their close link to the narrative work.
The conclusion came to reveal the most important results of the study and the most prominent questions raised through the presentation of this work of fiction.

The current research aims to identify the level of mathematical proficiency, the level of divergent thinking skills, and the relationship between mathematical proficiency and divergent thinking skills among students at Al-Mustansiriya University. The basic research sample consisted of (150) male and female students at Al-Mustansiriya University for the third stage. The researcher adopted the mathematical proficiency test by the researcher (Al-Obaidi) 2018) for her thesis titled “Mathematical Proficiency among Students of the Mathematics Department in the College of Education,” as the items in the Mathematical Proficiency Test amounted to (37) items, and the researcher’s divergent thinking skills test (Khamis, 2022). About her thesis titled “Divergent Thinking Skills among Mathematics Department Students” In the faculties of basic education and its relationship to their learning styles, As the divergent thinking skills items reached (20) items, After presenting the two tests to a group of arbitrators, (7) items were deleted, bringing the number of mathematical proficiency items to (30) items, and the number of divergent thinking skills items was kept at (20) items, the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, and t-test were extracted for one sample, as well as the person correlation coefficient, using the spss program to analyze the results. The results indicated that the research sample possessed mathematical prowess and possessed divergent thinking skills to a greater extent than On the hypothesized average of the two tests, and the existence of a correlation between mathematical proficiency and divergent thinking skills among third-year students in the Department of Mathematics / Al-Mustansiriya University, and the researcher presented a set of recommendations and proposals.

The current research aims to identify the design of a teaching matrix according to the dimensions of Islamic concepts and moral values and its impact on the achievement of fifth-grade middle school students in Islamic education. The research population consists of fifth-grade middle school students, the literary branch, in the Brotherhood High School for Boys affiliated with the Baiji Education Department in the General Directorate of Education in Salah al-Din Governorate, and the sample number reached (64) students. The researcher designed a teaching matrix according to the two dimensions of Islamic concepts and moral values. An achievement test in the Islamic education subject was constructed after ensuring its validity and reliability. He used appropriate statistical methods, and after analyzing the results statistically, a group was reached. From the results, a number of conclusions, recommendations, and proposals were reached.

The narrative structure in the novels of Amin Al-Zawi (Satan StreetIn order for every novel to be written in a complete and mature manner, the foundations of correct narrative construction must be laid.
Its foundations were developed and established by the founding scholars of narrative.
The novel is a picture of a shattered life full of groans and groans for the life of Isaac, the hero of the novel, which...
It began with the killing of his martyr father and the appearance in their lives of Si Mouloud, who kidnapped his mother and married her
After his father was martyred, he thus stole his childhood because he snatched from him the embrace of his mother, who is the only hope
Which remained for him after his father passed away
We can call the novel a journey of travel between Oran and Damascus, which he considered a safe haven for him
Or it is a journey of places in which Isaac travels to reach a homeland where he feels safe, after losing his refuge In his country

Industry is the cornerstone of any economic, social and civilizational progress in any spatial unit, as it is an economic activity characterized by a high degree of economic interconnection. The front and back connections of the industrial sector are diverse and numerous, and therefore the study showed that the settlement of medium industrial establishments in Babil Governorate has a long history dating back to the beginning of the twentieth century when simple handicraft industries were prevalent there. The study revealed a high number of food industrial establishments, reaching (18). The total number of workers in it reached about (294), while the construction industrial facilities reached (5), while the number of workers in them reached (75), while the chemical industrial facilities reached (6) and the total number of workers in them reached (80), distributed among districts. And the areas of Babylon Governorate. Medium industrial establishments in Babil Governorate faced several different problems, the most influential of which were weak government support, the problem of power outages and energy shortages, in addition to the difficulty of marketing, flooding the market with imported goods, advanced technology used in the industry, lack of skilled labor, high rental prices, and limited space. Key words

This research deals with emotional divorce and defenses of emotional divorce according to gender (male/ female) of the primary school pupils. It also concerns with aggression and the differences in aggression according to gender (male/ female) and aims at knowing the relationship between emotional divorce and aggression of primary school pupils. The newsreaders have constructed two scales for measuring emotional divorce and aggression, where they are exposed to a number of experts in counseling ,measurements and evaluation. However, the psychometric properties of the two scales have been ascertained ,they are administered on a sample consists of (200) pupils from the sixth class in the primary school. The researchers have used a number of suitable statistical means, the results show that the sample does not suffer from existence of the emotional divorce between parents and there are no significanl statistical differences in aggression according to gender. Moreover , the sample does not suffer from aggression .but there are differences in aggression according to gender for the benefit of males. Finally. It is evident that there is a significant positive relationship between emotional divorce and aggression.

The research sought to shed light on the extent to which the American media was affected by the security and political changes that occurred in the American arena after the September 11 attacks on the trade towers and the pentagon building, and how it dealt with the new situation at that time, and how it prepared the general atmosphere for what was called at the time the international coalition. To (combat terrorism), and the great efforts made by the American media to confer legitimacy on the positions, policies, and decisions of the American government that followed those events.
What distinguished the events of September 11/2001, was not the attack itself, despite its severity and danger to the United States of America, but rather the emergency security and political changes that resulted from it, and the subsequent repercussions and transformations that included all sectors in the United States of America, especially the media that was imposed on him, dealing with this issue with all its means and efforts in order to create the appropriate atmosphere for the new American policy.

The term maternal gatekeeping refers to the behaviors adopted by the mother in an attempt to exclude the father from caring and raising children and restrict his role within the family, and this behavior undoubtedly has an impact on both the father and children, which was dealt with by previous studies in research and survey in this area, but the effect of maternal gatekeeping on sexual stereotyping in a male child has not been researched and studied as far as the researcher knows, so the studies that the researcher was able to collect based on the variables that the researchers were interested in indicating the extent of maternal gatekeeping's impact and discussing it, and then the effect of maternal factors on sexual stereotyping in male children in the absence of a father for Home or the weakening of his parental role .

The study aimed to determine the degree to which students in Arabic language departments employ measurement and evaluation competencies in practical education from the point of view of supervisors and students themselves, at Al-Zahraa University for Girls in the State of Iraq. The entire study population was selected from (37) teachers and (15) academic supervisors. The study tool (questionnaire) was applied, consisting of (59) items distributed over (7) areas, which are: (selecting measurement and evaluation methods, constructing measurement and evaluation methods, And applying, correcting and interpreting the results of measurement and evaluation, and using the results of measurement and evaluation for decision-making, making estimates, and the ethics of measurement and evaluation). The results of the study showed that there were statistically significant differences at the level of (0.05) between academic supervisors and teachers in their estimation of the degree of employing measurement and evaluation competencies among practical education students in the Arabic Language Department in all aspects of the questionnaire. It also became clear that these differences were all in favor of the teachers, as the results showed that the teachers They possess measurement and evaluation competencies with an average rating from the point of view of academic supervisors and a high rating from the point of view of the teachers themselves. It also showed that the highest rating for the degree of employment according to the supervisors’ response was the field of measurement and evaluation ethics, followed by the field of constructing measurement and evaluation methods, then the field of setting estimates, then the field of using measurement and evaluation results, then the field of selecting measurement and evaluation methods, then the field of application, correction, and interpretation, and finally the field of preparing reports. From the point of view of the (practicing) teachers, the highest estimate for the degree of employment, according to their response, was the field of constructing measurement and evaluation methods, followed by the field of ethics of measurement and evaluation, then the field of setting estimates, then the field of selecting measurement and evaluation methods, then the field of using the results of measurement and evaluation, then the field of preparing... Measurement results reports, and finally the field of application, correction and interpretation of the results. The study recommended that universities and the Ministry of Education hold training courses, workshops, and discussion panels on evaluation in accordance with the standards of measurement and evaluation competencies, and within a well-thought-out plan based on the practical education needs of academic supervisors and (practical) teachers, with a focus on giving teachers the skill of “analyzing tests, interpreting their results, and building Preparing treatment plans for students and preparing reports by preparing them and involving them in training programs that contribute to raising their level and assessment competencies.

The aim of the current research is to evaluate the project “Two Teachers in the First Grade of Primary School” from the point of view of subject teachers, school principals and supervisors, and to identify the role of the project in learning Arabic language skills from their point of view as well. The researcher adopted the descriptive approach as an approach to his research. The population of his research was schools that experimented with the project in the directorates. Sixth General Education in Baghdad. The researcher built two separate scales: the first to evaluate the project as a whole and the second: to identify its role in learning Arabic language skills for first-grade students. The results of the research evaluation showed that the project is accepted by teachers, principals, and supervisors, and that it has an important role in increasing the learning of language skills. Arabic for students.

The current research aims to identify the future thinking of university students, the differences in future thinking according to the gender variable, identify the psychological flow among students, and the differences in psychological flow according to the gender variable, and finally identify the correlation between future thinking and psychological flow.
For the purpose of verifying the research objectives, the researcher prepared a future thinking scale consisting of (27) items. She also prepared a psychological flow scale consisting of (33) items. She applied the two scales to the research sample of (271) male and female students who were selected according to the equation of Stephen Thompson from the University of Baghdad. / Al-Khwarizmi College of Engineering.
After processing the data statistically, the results were that university students have future thinking, and there are no differences according to type, and they have psychological flow, and there are no differences according to type, and the results showed that there is a statistically significant correlation between future thinking and psychological flow.

It became clear from the study that there is an increase in the rate of medium- and large-sized families (more than 5 individuals), as their percentage reached (84.1%) of the city’s total families, which resulted in an increase in human activities, and thus an increase in the amount of solid waste. As for the average amount produced per capita per day, it was estimated at approximately (36.5%) of the total total solid waste produced daily, which amounts to approximately (20 tons). There is a link between citizens’ behaviors and the low level of their environmental awareness, and between the accumulation of solid waste and its spread in the streets and neighborhoods of the city. Accordingly, the study revealed the following: There is a difference among the city’s residents in how they deal with solid waste before removing it from their homes, as only (24.7%) of the city’s families use covered containers to store their waste inside their homes, and (41.2%) of them store their waste in Plastic bags. As for families that rely on open containers to store their waste, the percentage reached about (34.1%), which leads to health damage, distorting the cultural appearance of the city, and emitting unpleasant odors. There is a noticeable increase in the amounts of waste in the city, especially solid waste. Consequently, the significant damage resulting from waste and its direct impact on the human environment occurs with the possibility of benefiting from solid waste in solving the problem of unemployment by establishing environmental industries that rely on waste as raw materials, and applying environmental legislation in the field of solid waste management.

The aim of the research is to identify the areas of sustainable professional development for Arabic language teachers in the primary stage from the point of view of the teachers themselves and according to the gender variable (males, females). The research sample consisted of (70) male and female teachers, with a percentage of (80%) from the original research community in the affiliated primary schools. For the Baghdad Education Directorate / Al-Rusafa 3, the researcher adopted the descriptive approach. The researcher prepared the research tool in its initial form, which included the questionnaire in two parts: the first: demographic information for the research sample, and the second: the scale that expresses their opinions. The questionnaire in its initial form consisted of (31) divided into four areas: ( Sustainable professional development goals, methods And the means of sustainable professional development, the difficulties of sustainable professional development, the quality of sustainable professional development) The validity and reliability of the tool were verified using the (SPSS) program. The results showed that the areas of sustainable professional development for male and female teachers of the Arabic language in the primary stage, from the point of view of the teachers themselves, came in at a moderate degree. For all fields, according to gender, it was in favor of males. In light of this, the researcher developed a set of recommendations and proposals

The subject of the Negro movement is one of the most important topics that occupied the global intellectual movement, especially after the two world wars and with the international voices calling for the rights of minorities and races and the attempt to integrate them within the structures of Western society and also in America, as a result of the suffering, isolation, and alienation that Negroes have been exposed to over the past years, and the exposure of their identity and existence to abuse. Of the Gentiles, he considered them to be on the margins in the structure of human societies, so the researcher sought to choose this research, which was divided into four sections: The first included (the theoretical framework) and in it he formulated the problem of his research with the following question: (What are the social features of the image of the Negro community in the texts of the world theater?). The second chapter (theoretical framework) consisted of two sections, the first entitled (the concept of Negritude intellectually and socially) and the second (the image of Negroes in the world stage). The third section (procedural) was devoted to analyzing the research sample, which is the play (Antelope) by the Swedish playwright Henning Mankell. The fourth chapter was devoted to For the results and conclusions, among the results: The man in the play Antelope (Larsen's husband Ron Ackman) represents the nature of Western society and its comprehensive view of Negro society. As for the conclusions: Western society views Negroes as lower in rank than the white race, in addition to the list of sources and references.

our research aims to identify the most important challenges facing sustainable development in Iraq.the research was based on the social survey approach to collect data and information about the most important challenges facing sustainable development through the use of a social survey using a sample method .and the questionnaire was the most important tool used to collect dada.
To achieve the research goal the researcher adopted a simple random sample which included a number of employees working in the ministry of numbering (100) respondents of both genders

The current research aims to identify:
1- meta emotions in adolescents and adults, according to:
For their age in years (16-18-20) years, and gender (males, females)
2- The statistical significance of the differences in meta-emotions among adolescents and adults according to: For their age (16-18-20) years, and gender (males, females) The research is limited to a sample consisting of (150) male and female school students in the fourth and sixth grades of middle school and second stage students in the college corresponding to the ages (16 - 18 - 20) years, and for each age group there are (50) female and male students distributed among (25) males and ( 25) equally females, for the academic year (2023-2024). To achieve the objectives of the current research, a meta-emotion scale was built by the researcher.
Which consists of (20) items, and a five-point response scale is placed in front of each item. The highest score (5) and lowest score (1) are given respectively, and after giving the scores according to the items, they are summed so that the total represents the respondent’s total score on the scale. The researcher verified the psychometric properties of the test, including the validity and reliability of the scale, and after analyzing the data, the results showed the following: Members of the current research sample, corresponding to the age groups (16) years, have meta-emotions to a moderate degree, while those aged (18) years have a good degree, while those aged (20) years have meta-emotions to a high degree.
 The age variable contributes effectively to development, as development proceeds continuously and for the benefit of the largest naked group
 There are no differences in the development of meta-emotions according to the gender variable, males and females. Based on these results, the researcher recommends a set of recommendations and proposals.

There is no doubt that penetration represents one of the influential phenomena that the state pursues to achieve special policy goals, by demonstrating power, maintaining a policy of balance with other countries, and securing the requirements of national security, in addition to economic reasons that pave the way for obtaining certain gains.
Therefore, the United States of America looked at the Asian continent with interest, especially as a natural extension of the American presence in the Pacific Ocean. Since the end of the nineteenth century, the United States has enjoyed an actual presence in the southeast of the continent.
The United States of America sought to exploit its presence in the southeast of the region to achieve further penetration into the continent, which was considered one of the largest markets capable of absorbing American industrial products. However, the conditions were not completely calm and favorable for it. Some sources reported that there was a direct and effective impact of the emergence of global powers. New to the scene of events after World War I, especially Japan, Britain and France.
This research attempts to shed light on the American penetration into Malaya (1836-1945), as the first date represented the opening of the first American consulate in Malaya, while the second date represented the end of World War II, and the departure of Japanese forces from Malaya. In light of this, the research was divided into three main axes. The first axis gave a geographical and historical overview of Malaya, while the second axis touched on the early American penetration into Malaya (1836-1918), while the third axis studied American interests in Malaya from 1918-1945.

The research aimed to identify Job bullying among educational counselors. The researcher adopted the descriptive approach, and the research sample reached (230) male and female counselors. The results of the research showed that the level of exposure of educational counselors to Job bullying was high, and there are statistically significant differences in Job bullying among educational counselors depending on For the gender variable and in favor of males, the research came out with a number of recommendations and proposals.

Such as extremism and religious extremism are the threatening issues to the stability and development of society, and have become the basis for the disintegration of the social fabric. As a result, a number of extremist extremist movements have emerged during the research period, which have delved into extremism.
emergence of a group that believed in false beliefs and concepts and was called the Khawarij. verses of the Holy Qur’an incorrectly, in addition to the presence of ignorance in the provisions of Sharia, in addition to the economic and social factors that were the result of many cases of extremism and infidelity. In view of this, Islamic Sharia took a moderate, moderate position and indicated that dealing with religious belief is according to the rule no excess or negligence.
The role of the religious authority came in dealing with these phenomena, which sensed from the beginning of its establishment the danger of sectarian conflicts destroying the unity of the Islamic nation, and one of its positions in this regard was its call to hold a conference in the city of Karbala following the attack by elements of the Wahhabi movement on southern and western Iraq in 1922 AD, in addition to its contribution to The establishment of the House of Rapprochement between sects in Egypt in 1946 and its prohibition of Marxist communist thought in 1960 AD with its communist fatwa is blasphemy and atheism. After 2003 AD, the confrontation was more difficult. Therefore, it issued many statements prohibiting the shedding of Muslim blood and fighting among them.

The body represents the primary cause of women, as male culture has prepared it to attack and shackle it, which has led quite a few women to take to the arena of confrontation as a result of the accumulation of awareness of rights and increased self-esteem, which has produced a different cultural discourse. From this standpoint, the title of the research came: (The cultural performance of the body In feminist theater - the play Cage as an example) ,The study included four chapters, the first of which was defining the research problem, which was represented by the following question: (How does feminist theater adopt physical performance with expressive cultural effectiveness - a cage play as an example?), in addition to explaining its importance, purpose, limits, and defining terminology. The second chapter formed a theoretical framework for the study, which included two sections. The first: The philosophy of cultural performance of the body. The second was entitled: Feminist theatre, reference and differentiation. The chapter concluded with the most prominent indicators that resulted from the theoretical framework.The third chapter was devoted to research procedures by adopting the descriptive approach in analysis, and adopted indicators in analyzing his sample. He concluded in the fourth chapter by consolidating the most prominent results he reached through analyzing the sample and considering them expressive for determining the conclusions of his research. The researcher mentions among them: that the cultural performance of the body included the contradictions of culture. And its effective effects on the body. In conclusion, include footnotes and a list of sources.

The current study aimed to investigate the effect of using the Qur’an Teacher software on developing the reading and writing skills of Arabic language primary school students. The researcher used the semi-experimental approach. The study sample consisted of (70) third-grade students. Choosing two groups intentionally, and distributing them into two groups: the experimental group that studied using the taught Qur’an strategy, and the control group that studied using the usual method. The teacher's Qur'an strategy was chosen, The researcher prepared a test covering all reading and writing skills, which consists of (16) questions consisting of parts of each part to measure the ability of reading and writing skills in the Arabic language. The results showed that there were differences between the experimental and control groups, which were in favor of the experimental group and the method of teaching the Arabic language subject using the teacher’s Qur’an strategy. There are statistically significant differences at the level of significance for the experimental group that was subjected to the taught Qur’an strategy and the average scores of the control group that was taught in the traditional method in the writing skills test in favor of the experimental group.

Due to a number of exceptional circumstances experienced by Ibn Hamdis and the nature of the political position of the Fatimid state and the importance of poetry and poets, it was necessary to know the position of this Sicilian poet from this state because he is a poet who received the attention of many, in addition to his poetry, which is attested by the far and near, and in our research we do not want to put it in the The list of loyalists or opponents as much as we want to know the reasons for his hostility or his neutrality towards the Fatimid state, and since there is a lot of ambiguity in the personality of Ibn Hamdis, we begged the historical geography to show us the nature of his position on the Fatimid state.

The study aimed at knowing the learning patterns of the virtue of the preference for the students of the Imam Al -Kazim (PBUH). The study of (300) students and students from the students of the educational departments (Arabic language, history, English and science Quran and Hadith), for morning study and those registered in the Registration Division in the second semester of the academic year 2 023/2024, they were selected by a stratified random method Achieving the objectives of the study. To evaluate learning styles, the researcher adopted the scale (Entwistle and Tait, 1994) modified by Duff, 1997), which Abu Hashem Arabized in 2006, ensuring its validity, reliability, and possibility of application to the Arab environment. The scale consists of (30) items, distributed over (12) sub-dimensions, with (4) dimensions for each type, and these types are: (Surface style, deep style, strategic style). The study reached results, the most important of which are: The preferred learning styles among the students of Imam Al-Kadhim College (peace be upon them) are no It varies depending on gender and desire to specialize, but it varies Depending on the academic year and specialization, the study concluded with a number Of the recommendations.

The aim of the research is to identify the attitudes of physics teachers and supervisors towards the use of three-dimensional laboratories in teaching physics to middle schools. In order to achieve this goal, the current research will attempt to answer the following question:
: What are the attitudes of physics teachers and supervisors towards using three-dimensional laboratories to teach physics in middle schools?
The researcher adopted the descriptive analytical research method to achieve the objectives and questions of the research. He chose the research community and sampled it from teachers and supervisors of physics for the middle schools in the schools of the third Rusafa Education Directorate in Baghdad. The researcher used the attitude scale, the paragraphs of which consisted of (21) statements, and applied it to the research sample after ensuring its validity. Its reliability was (0.82), and the research sample consisted of (30) physics teachers and (10) physics supervisors, who were randomly selected from the original community. General Directorate of Education in Baghdad, Rusafa Third,The research tool consisted of a measure of attitudes toward the use of three-dimensional laboratories in teaching physics at the secondary level. The results showed that there were significant positive trends toward the use of three-dimensional laboratories in teaching physics, and that there were no significant differences between the attitudes of physics teachers and supervisors toward the use of three-dimensional laboratories in teaching physics, and in light of the results. The researcher presented some recommendations and suggestions about the possibility of using three-dimensional laboratories in teaching physics for the middle schools and paying attention to equipping them with the necessary equipment for that.

The study aimed to know the approach of the Prophet (peace upon him) in arousing attention and suspense and the extent of its benefit in contemporary teaching methods.
The study population consisted of the curriculum and methods of the Prophet (peace upon him) in education. As for the study sample, the researcher identified the curriculum and methods of the Prophet (peace upon him) for arousing attention and excitement and the extent of benefiting from them in contemporary teaching methods.
The researcher used the deductive method and the descriptive method to suit the nature of the study , The study recommended the necessity of adhering to approach of the Prophet (peace upon to him) in arousing attention and excitement from teachers because of its role in instilling correct Islamic values and concepts in the minds and earners minds and paying attention to studying biography.
And developing a curriculum that will excite and excite learners about this religion, and preparing a curriculum based on the Holy Qur’an and the Sunnah of the Prophet will lead to the establishment of a righteous and reformed generation that has a pure Islamic culture.

This research revolves around the scope of extrapolation and analysis of what was reported to be little in use among the Arabs, as mentioned by Sibawayh in his book, and because of the importance of this topic that lies in knowing the Arabic analogy in linguistic usage, as there is a widespread and widespread use, and another that is few and limited, except for this little that Sibawayh mentioned. In many places it is actually used, so its use was legitimate, so I chose to research it. This research included an introduction and four sections, which were dealt with in the “first section”: (a little in the nominatives), and in the “second section” I dealt with: (a little in the accusative), the “third section”: (a little in the prepositions), and the “final section.” ": A little more than what was mentioned above, then a conclusion in which I mentioned the most prominent results of the research that were reached.

Action research on the benefits of applying the EFQM model in the Ministry of Education in the Sultanate of Oman.
The EFQM model is considered a means to help organizations develop their administrative systems and determine their position on the path to excellence to ensure their continuity and survival by focusing on the needs and expectations of customers and stakeholders. It helps organizations compare their actual performance with the model’s axes so that they can identify strengths and opportunities for improvement, which helps them build a comprehensive structure for total quality management. It helps in adapting to major trends and global forces that affect countries, societies, institutions, and the economy, such as digital transformation, skills shortages, and demographic diversity, which works to build sustainable value that allows flexibility and innovation.
A questionnaire was also conducted on the benefits of applying the EFQM model in the Ministry of Education in the Sultanate of Oman, where the results indicated that there is a significant degree of correlation between the application of the EFQM model and the ISO 9001/2015 system. The general average of the statements reached (3.561). The results showed this complementarity between the two systems in terms of The importance of applying them side by side in obtaining benefits faster and more for the ministry, and obtaining the highest evaluation scores of the EFQM model in a short period of time, and therefore we see that it is not possible and very difficult to apply the EFQM model and cancel the ISO 9001/2015 system,
It is also difficult to maintain the ISO system without implementing new quality systems, including the EFQM model. The results of the research also showed the benefits of applying the EFQM model in the Ministry of Education in the Sultanate of Oman. The overall average for the axis reached (4.250) and came in at a very high degree. This is a strong, positive and appropriate indicator for starting to implement the model due to the great benefits that the Ministry of Education gains from its application, especially if It was implemented in addition to maintaining the ISO 9001/2015 system
Among these benefits: It helps in activating the purpose, vision and strategy of the Ministry. It contributes to searching for, identifying and classifying best practices in the Ministry of Education. It leads to achieving consistency between the Ministry’s organizational structure and managing operational processes in an effective and distinct manner and improving them to get rid of routine procedures to save time and effort. It helps in Strengthening the leadership in the Ministry of Education and activating its role in defining the ministry’s purpose and mission. It focuses on periodically surveying the impressions of those concerned about developing their practices and overcoming difficulties. It helps in activating other specifications such as risk management specifications, knowledge management, indicator management, and governance in the ministry.
Results
- Excellence is a comprehensive framework for everything contained within the Ministry of Education (strategy - resources -..)
ISO and the EFQM model are intertwined. The first is a prerequisite for the second to occur. The relationship between them is a complementary and inseparable relationship. Quality focuses on operational aspects, while excellence focuses on strategic aspects.
ISO and the EFQM model are concerned with all components of the educational system through its inputs, outputs and processes
Recommendations
The application of the EFQM model should be carried out in parallel with the application of ISO 9001/2015, as it is very difficult to simply apply the EFQM model and cancel ISO, as the latter - i.e. ISO - focuses on operational processes, which are the core of the EFQM model, in addition to applying it internally - i.e. ISO - risk management. Knowledge management, indicator management, beneficiary satisfaction, and others, which are considered basic standards included in the EFQM model. In general, continuing to implement ISO facilitates the application of the EFQM model, and even helps to achieve the highest scores in short periods of time.
- Activating and applying other ISO specifications, such as occupational health and safety specifications, educational institutions specifications, risk management specifications, and others.
- Providing all the requirements necessary to implement the model in order to achieve the desired goals and benefits.

One of the most general things that has afflicted the Islamic nation and led to the emergence of many crises, and the emergence of many negative phenomena and problems, is the case of abandoning the Qur’an in which those who were called the nation of the Qur’an fell. Many believe that the relationship between Muslims and the Qur’an is a strong and solid relationship. This is because Muslim countries are still printing the Qur’an, teaching it in their schools, establishing memorization centers, taking care of its recitation and broadcasting it on many satellite channels and specialized channels for the Holy Qur’an and others, and Muslims listen to it morning and evening..
So that no one can touch the state of abandonment between the Qur’an and the Muslims, but despite all that, Muslims are in a state of abandonment of the Qur’an, in terms of working with it, contemplating it, explaining its meanings and connotations, knowing what is meant by it, and building a life according to it, and if their tongues and hearing are occupied with it, that does not remove them from being described as a state of abandonment. It will not be removed from it until its connection with the Holy Qur’an in its words, meanings, interpretation, application, and coexistence becomes complete. The disappearance of a face for abandonment does not remove it from the quality of abandonment. Based on the above, this research was to explain the types of abandonment of the Holy Qur’an, which are abandonment of its recitation, abandonment of listening to it, abandonment of contemplating it, understanding it, and knowing what the speaker intended, and abandonment of action. With it, he abandoned his learning and teaching, and then I showed the methods of returning to the Holy Qur’an and the fruits of returning to the Holy Qur’an. In conclusion, I showed the most important conclusions of this research with a set of important results, the most important of which are: Every Muslim must know his rights to the Holy Qur’an, and take into account His sanctity, and that he should adhere to the limits of religion when listening to any verse of the Holy Qur’an, and that he should follow the footsteps of the righteous predecessors in reciting and listening to the Holy Qur’an, for they were shining suns, role models in perfect humility and affection, and God is the Grantor of success.

The current research aims to identify (the effect of the Lorsbach model on the acquisition of Islamic concepts among fifth grade literary students and the development of their moral values.
To achieve this، the researcher chose an experimental design with partial control for two research groups، one experimental and the other control. The research population is represented by fifth-grade literary students in public schools in Kirkuk Education/Hawija Education Department for the academic year 2023-2024. The research sample was purposive from Abbasi Preparatory School for Boys، as the number was Fifth grade literary students (54) students divided into two sections، where he chose section B، which includes (28) the experimental group، and section A، which includes (25) the control group. The two groups were rewarded for some variables that may have an impact on the independent variable، including (chronological age، and intelligence). ، and previous achievement in the Islamic education subject for the first course، And a measure of inclination towards the Islamic education subject. The subject was determined during the experiment period if it included the fourth and fifth units of the Islamic education book for the fifth literary grade. The behavioral objectives were formulated and their number reached (83) behavioral objectives. Teaching plans were also prepared for the two groups. As for tools In the research، the researcher prepared an achievement test consisting of (32 items)، 28 items of the type of objective questions، of the multiple test type، with four alternatives (4) items of the type of essay questions according to the test map. As for the second tool، the measure of inclination towards the Islamic education subject، the resulting scale was constructed. Of (30 paragraphs)، its validity and reliability were confirmed after processing the data statistically using a number of statistical methods. The results of the research showed that the students of the experimental group who studied according to the Lorsbach model excelled over the control group who studied according to the usual method in the achievement test and the measure of inclination towards the Islamic education subject. In light of this، the researcher put forward a set of recommendations and also suggested conducting subsequent studies to complement the research.

Arabic literature - its poetry and prose - is one of the arts that has received great attention from critics and creators and is still the focus of their attention until our present era, as the literature of each nation expresses its civilization, culture and issues and depicts its life with its joys and sorrows, pains and hopes.
This study aims to highlight the role of literary groups in advancing Arabic literature. Perhaps the most prominent of these groups are the Diwan Group, the Apollo Group, and the Diaspora Writers Group, which is represented by the Al-Qalami League in North America and the Andalusian League in South America. These groups sought renewal after what afflicted Arabic literature. Weakness and decadence, as well as identifying the artistic features of each.
The importance of this study lies in tracking the literary groups in the renaissance of Arabic literature, identifying its aspects of innovation, and determining the extent of the influence of these groups on the development of literature in poetry and prose.
The nature of the research led us to follow the descriptive and analytical approach to determine the role of literary groups in the renaissance of Arabic literature in the modern era.
The research was based on three sections, the first of which was titled “Research Methodology,” the second was titled “The Role of Literary Groups in the Renaissance of Arabic Literature,” and the third and final section was titled Conclusions and Recommendations.

The current research aims to identify "the impact of the world café strategy in history among fourth grade literary students" and after the researchers identified the school, a sample of (60) students was selected distributed over two groups studied the experimental group according to the strategy of the global café, and the control group according to the usual method.
After the researchers identified the scientific material, they formulated the behavioral goals, and then prepared the teaching plans for the subjects to be studied in the experiment.
After that, the researchers prepared an achievement test in history consisting of (40 items) of the type of multiple choice, and after the end of the experiment period, the researchers applied the achievement test on the research sample.
When processing the data statistically, There was a statistically significant difference between the average scores of the experimental group, which studied according to the global café strategy, and the control group, which studied according to the conventional method, at the 0.05 level of significance in the history achievement test.

The goal of research is detection of digital technical risks, highlighting its positive and negative effects and knowledge of the role of the family in protecting its technical risk., Digital means of digital techniques made a jump in the family and produced different behaviors, whether positive or negative, individuals increased with different means of communication from the first Internet appearance, and the values of family communication, and the loss of family communication, They interfere with the dialogue with strangers to the point of feeling at the level of one family. The researcher used the description and study of phenomenon, and one of the most important conclusions reached by the study 1 - Recent technologies contributed to the service With the introduction of modern technology in army, police and internal security services reserved for internal national security, by monitoring suspicious persons and adjusts the "stunts", and also contributed to the development of smart phones and many generations to the phone. Presence in forums and seminars by raising and discussing many topics. 2. From digital technical neglections, employment bestred by disappearance as a result of technological development, communication, and negative information trading, as well as the excessive use of digital technology has contributed to increased social isolation among individuals.

The goal of the current research is to identify “the effect of the focused lists strategy on the acquisition of scientific concepts among sixth grade students in science،” by verifying the following null hypothesis: There is no statistically significant difference at the level of (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group students who were taught according to the focused lists strategy and the average scores of the control group students who were studied according to the usual method in testing scientific concepts. The current research population was defined as sixth-grade primary school students. In mixed primary schools affiliated with the General Directorate of Education in Diyala/Baquba for the academic year (2023-2024 AD) The researcher intentionally chose the research sample from the students of (Al-Ittihad Mixed Primary School) for the sixth grade from among the community schools، as the school contained two divisions (A، B) respectively، The experiment was applied in the first semester of the academic year (2023-2024 AD)، and the researcher himself studied the two research groups، three classes per week، and adopted the experimental design with two groups (experimental and control)، one of which controls the other partially. The equivalence process was conducted between the two research groups (experimental and control) in A number of variables، including (chronological age، previous information test scores in science، intelligence). The researcher prepared (12) daily teaching plans for the experimental group and the same for the control group. To verify the research hypothesis، the researcher prepared a test of the concepts. The scientific paper consists of (36) multiple-choice test items. The validity of the virtual test and the validity of the construct were verified، as well as the reliability of the test was calculated as it reached (0.86) after applying the Keuder-Richardson equation (20-KR)) as well as the psychometric properties of the test items. After the end of the experiment، the scientific concepts test was applied to the two research groups (experimental). After correcting the answers، the data was processed statistically using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The results of the research showed that the students of the experimental group who studied according to the focused lists strategy outperformed the students of the control group who studied according to the usual method in testing scientific concepts. In light of this، the researcher recommends using the focused lists strategy in teaching science، and suggests conducting other studies for different academic subjects. And for other stages of study to know its impact on different variables .

The study aimed to reveal the attitudes of social supervisors and teachers towards the developed social book for the sixth grade of primary school. The study was conducted on social supervisors and teachers in Kirkuk Governorate, Iraq, and to reveal these attitudes among supervisors and teachers, the researcher used the descriptive approach. A supervisor and a supervisor, while the sample of teachers consisted of (65) male and female teachers, a questionnaire consisting of (34) items was prepared.
The study reached the following results: the most important of which is the process of merging the social sciences books to reduce the cost of printing and the time taken for it. It also contributed to reducing the level of anxiety among students due to the number of books on the subject of social sciences, in addition to the fact that the book did not include the subjects of geography, history and civic education in a balanced manner. Focus on geography, the book contains concepts that are difficult for students to retrieve, spelling and typographical errors, and the book's lack of activities that develop students' educational and behavioral goals.
The study recommended the need to take into account the negative aspects indicated by the educational staff, focus on educational goals and behaviors, and include in the book activities that increase students' suspense.

The research aims to identify the effect of the Post and Brennan strategy on the achievement of fifth-grade primary school students in science and systemic thinking. The researcher adopted the experimental method with an experimental design for two equal groups. The researcher randomly chose (Al Janayen Primary School for Boys), which was divided into two divisions (A.B.). Group (A) was chosen randomly to represent the experimental group and the number of its students (35), and in the same way, group (B) was chosen to represent the control group and the number of its students (36). The research sample in them reached (71) students, and the researcher rewarded him statistically among the members of the two groups in The following variables: (chronological age calculated in months, testing the students’ previous information, intelligence testing, systemic thinking), and the researcher determined the study subject. With the topics from the science book for the fifth grade of primary school, the researcher then formulated behavioral objectives, the number of which reached (90) behavioral objectives representing the first three cognitive levels of Bloom’s classification in the cognitive field. As for the research tool, the researcher proceeded to build the achievement test, which consisted of (30) An objective test item of the multiple-choice type with four alternatives according to (the specifications table), and the validity, discrimination coefficient, difficulty, effectiveness of the alternatives, and stability were verified. Its stability was verified using the split-half method. The systematic thinking scale consisted of (40) items. The researcher used appropriate statistical methods to extract data, and the results showed that the students of the experimental group outperformed the students of the control group.

The research aims to identify the effect of the harvest strategy on the achievement of fifth-grade primary school students in social studies. The research sample included two groups, one of which was represented by the experimental group and the number of students was (30) students, and the other was the control group and the number of students was (29) students, using a random drawing method. The researcher chose (Al-Janayin Primary School for Boys) from the research community represented by the primary schools affiliated with the Directorate of Education of Babylon Governorate/Mahaweel District. The researcher adopted the experimental research method as a method for conducting his research, which includes an independent variable (harvest strategy) and a dependent variable (academic achievement). The researcher chose Experimental design to control the research variables. Before starting to implement the experiment, the researcher rewarded the two research groups for the purpose of obtaining accurate results with the following variables: (chronological age calculated in months, the students’ previous achievement, and the Daniels Intelligence Test), and after establishing parity between the two research groups, the researcher prepared the application requirements of plans, goals, and tests for the two research groups, and after completing the application of the experiment, the researcher applied his research tools to the two research groups, as he obtained The researcher obtained data for the two research groups, and the researcher identified the study material with topics for the fifth grade of primary school, then the researcher formulated behavioral objectives, the number of which reached (110) behavioral objectives representing the first three cognitive levels of Bloom’s classification in the cognitive field. As for the research tool, the researcher intended to build a test The achievement test, which consisted of (40) test items An objective type of multiple choice with four alternatives according to (the specifications table), and the validity, discrimination coefficient, difficulty, effectiveness of the alternatives, and stability were verified. Its stability was verified using the split-half method. The researcher used appropriate statistical methods to extract data, and the results showed that the students of the experimental group outperformed the students of the control group.
These data were processed statistically using a t-test for two independent samples, and the results showed that the students of the experimental group outperformed the students of the control group according to the harvest strategy in academic achievement.

This study aims to shed light on the art of Andalusian muwashah in the collections of the greatest Arab poet, Muhammad Mahdi al-Jawahiri. In this research, we attempt to show the extent of the poet’s poetic ability to introduce and organize such an art that is alien to his poetic environment, and whether he succeeded in employing such an art to reach a goal It and its goals, Hence, this research came as a serious scientific attempt to show the similarities and differences between Al-Jawahiri’s various stanzas and Andalusian stanzas in terms of artistic structure and different literary themes, and then we attempt to prove the extent of Al-Jawahiri’s success in using such an art far from his environment and the color that characterized it.

The problem of psychological alienation is one of the most social and psychological problems that pose a serious threat to society, as its dangers lie in the possibility that young people may turn to negative and deviant thoughts that are hostile to society, such as addiction to drugs and alcohol, aggressive behavior, rebellion against the system in society and breaking laws, indifference and loss of a sense of belonging and loyalty, etc. Of destructive and negative behaviors and thoughts, especially at the university stage, which is considered a sensitive stage in which the student seeks to reach his / her goals of success, reaching academic and scientific achievement, which contributes to building the future of the graduate and his / her family by ensuring the field in which he / she will work and thus the prosperity of society and the country, and perhaps has an impact on the whole world in terms of providing effective innovations or research...etc.
Because the student is of special importance, as he is the basic building block of society, as he / she is the first step and the cornerstone of the culture and prosperity of societies, it is necessary to research to find out the reasons that may hinder him / her, or those reasons that may pushing forward to receive education, acquire knowledge, and obtain a university degree.

The Muhallab had a prominent role in the Islamic East and they had a prominent political and military activity until the end of the Umayyad era. In this research, I shed light on a prominent figure who had a great impact on the Islamic conquests and confronted the opposition movements and the Azraqite Khawarij in the East. In the first section, I discussed Al-Muhallab from Abu Sufra Al-Azdi in terms of his name, lineage, characteristics and personality. As for the second section, I talked about his role in the Islamic conquests and his fight against the Khawarij during the era of the Zubayrids and then during the era of Caliph Abdul Malik bin Marwan (65-86 AH).

Since women have historically been known as half of society and as the basic and most important part in the production of human elements, some legislations and religions have gone beyond giving them an importance that may exceed the importance of men in terms of being the element from which morals emerge and through which generations are raised in a sound educational, scientific and religious manner. Consequently, they have an effective impact in several life and human areas, especially in the political field with its various details and gradations from the simple represented by the family to the complex represented by the state, authority and society. From the aforementioned starting points, the current study sought to clarify the manner, role and scope that women receive in the Iraqi political field and the challenges and obstacles facing such a role in an effort to find solutions to these challenges, and to highlight the importance that may result from the participation of the female element in Iraqi political life according to the principle of equal opportunities and enhancing human ambition and creativity in order to reach the construction of a state of institutions with integrated systems and patterns.

The current research aims to identify the fear of missing out, and the difference in it according to the gender variable (males-females), identify the bedtime procrastination, and the difference in it according to the gender variable (males-females), and identify the relationship between the fear of missing out and bedtime procrastination. In order to achieve the research objectives, the researcher adopted the Przybylski et al (2013) scale to measure the fear of missing out, and the Cross et al (2014) scale to measure bedtime procrastination, and calculated their psychometric properties of validity and reliability. After applying the two scales to a sample of (255) students from the College of Basic Education/Al-Mustansiriya University. The results were: The research community has no fear of missing out, and there is no difference in it according to the gender variable. The research community has procrastination at bedtime, and females were more procrastinated with sleep than males, and there is no relationship between the two variables.

The current research aims to identify the obstacles to developing mathematical thinking skills for primary school students from the point of view of teachers. The problem of the current research was to answer the following question: What are the obstacles to developing mathematical thinking skills for primary school students? The research community consisted of mathematics teachers in government morning schools. For the purpose of verifying the research objectives, the researcher built a scale consisting of (42) items distributed over (6) areas and applied to the research sample. Then the researcher transcribed the questionnaire data and performed the necessary statistical treatments using the SPSS program. The research results concluded that all areas of the scale represent real obstacles in different proportions, where the obstacles related to the teacher came in first place, followed by the obstacles related to (the curriculum, the educational environment, the learner, and policies). Educational, social environment) in order. In light of this, the researcher presented a number of conclusions, recommendations and proposals for future studies in this field.

Demographic variables are of great importance in population studies, on the basis of which it is possible to determine the role of man in changing the appearance of the earth to any region and the extent of the pressure exerted by various human activities
The study aims to analyze the demographic characteristics of the unemployed and the unemployment rate in Karbala governorate spatially and temporally, and to indicate the characteristics of the population (age and quality ) at the level of the environment (urban and Rural) in the province and to achieve the research goal and reach satisfactory results, the descriptive and analytical approach supported by statistical methods was adopted if the data are tabulated and converted absolute numbers into percentages and standard the information technology for the years (1997 and 2020), the population census, the number of unemployed for the Year and the results of the field study for the year (2020 -1997)
The most important results of the research are the high number of unemployed population, especially females, and the reason for the high female unemployment rate over males is due to the presence of urban centers where various economic and commercial activities are available, which include males mainly. As for the rural areas of the research area, the male unemployment rate in Al-Husseiniya area at a rate of(13,28) and the Western Creek area at a rate of (11,18) corresponds to the same environment for the female unemployment rate in the Western Creek area (17,25) and Al-Khairat area (17,05). As for its standard score (-0.50 or less), the attendance of the research area included the gender ratio for males of the Karbala district center at a rate of(8067), due to the availability of job opportunities in this area as the center of the province and the influx of visitors to it, which creates job opportunities for the presence of the two holy shrines of imams Hassan and Hussein (peace be upon them) in this area , and corresponds to it in females the Karbala district center is included at a rate of (6,39), while the female unemployment rate, which includes Husseiniya district, is at a rate of (8,86).

The current research aims to identify (the effect of the SCAMPER strategy on the achievement of fifth-grade primary school students in social studies). To achieve this, the researcher has adopted an experimental design with partial control for the control and experimental groups with a post-test. The research community has chosen the fifth-grade primary school students. In (Taj al-Din Primary School for Boys), which is one of the government day primary schools affiliated with the General Directorate of Education of Wasit Governorate, to implement the experiment and for the purpose of implementing the experiment, the sample consisted of (64) students, with (32) students in the experimental group taught according to (SCAMPER strategy) and (32) students in the control group taught in the usual way. The researcher rewarded the students of the two research groups before starting the experiment on a number of variables (previous knowledge test, previous academic achievement, intelligence test, parents’ academic achievement, chronological age calculated in months) for the academic year (2023). /2024)

The Rhetorical Image: A Powerful Expressive Tool in Poetic Discourse.the rhetorical image is considered one of the most influential expressive tools in poetic discourse, as it contributes to enriching the poetic text and achieving persuasion and influence over the recipient. The study of the rhetorical image in the poetry of Al-Mutanabbi is of particular importance, as he is a prominent poet in the Arab literary tradition, renowned for his exceptional ability to employ rhetorical images of various types.This study seeks to uncover the argumentative nature of the rhetorical image in Al-Mutanabbi's poetry, that is, its role in reinforcing the poetic arguments and opinions and persuading the recipient. The primary objective is to analyze the mechanisms by which Al-Mutanabbi uses the rhetorical image as an argumentative tool aimed at influencing the recipient and directing their thoughts and positions. The study will address the types of rhetorical images used in Al-Mutanabbi's poetry, and their artistic and persuasive functions, presenting applied examples from his poetry to illustrate the role of the rhetorical image in enriching the poetic discourse and strengthening the arguments and opinions.

Studying the role of the deputies of the South Lebanon Governorate and Dirham in swimming a sector in Lebanon in a certain era and controlling it is considered a complementary link in the history of that country that suffered. It is necessary for their role to have a lot of representation and to be more effective and more effective in politics or otherwise, and we have worked in our research in this light on Shedding light on the structures of the representatives of the South who played a diplomatic role and were present in that country during the decade of a political stage in its history, which marked the beginning of a period in the history of Lebanon (1970-1980) In it, we discussed their activities in that important sector in light of the events that that country experienced, on the one hand, the Israeli invasion of Lebanese lands and the state of devastation that that sector suffered on the one hand, and then we focused on their positions on the tourism issue and the hotels and villas that accompany it and its impact on the Lebanese economy. The tourism aspect was one of the tributaries of the economy of that country until 1980.

Moral civil human rights are gaining great importance among schools and intellectual trends ,as each party tries to prove the validity of its intellectual propositions by saying that the are closer to those civil rights than the other certainly ,the intellectual propositions of contemporary Islamic thinkers were based on the proposition brought by Islamic legislation ,thus proving the primacy and right of Islamic thinkers, and their positions calling for rights .this research has relied on the intellectual and jurisprudential proposals of some contemporary Islamic thinkers, and their positions calling for civil have been clarified according to the intellectual and jurisprudential efforts of each thinker.

Frequent Use of Descriptive Terminology in Arabic Grammar and Quranic Sciences Books Arabic grammar and Quranic sciences books often employ a plethora of terms to describe the meaning of a text, ranging from positive evaluations such as "good," "correct," and "sound" to negative assessments such as "incorrect," "rejected," "repudiated," "distant," "weak," and "corrupt." These terms serve to indicate that the intended meaning may have been diverted from the original intent of the text. This research delves into instances where grammatical parsing techniques have led to interpretations that deviate significantly from the speaker's intended message.
Key Findings:
The study identifies several factors that contribute to the corruption of meaning, including:
1. Excessive Grammatical Parsing Options: The overabundance of grammatical parsing options, sometimes reaching up to twenty interpretations, can result in the emergence of interpretations that are distant from the intended meaning or semantically weak.
2. Misapplication of Grammatical Phenomena: The improper application of grammatical phenomena, such as the use of implication in contexts where it is not appropriate, can also lead to misinterpretations.

This research focuses on knowing the role of minorities in Iraq since the nineteenth century, and identifying their societal impact, in terms of their impact on political conditions and national identity. The research concluded that the presence of minorities in Iraqi society is linked to threat securities at Iraqi state in the past and in the present, with all types of threats and crimes against the security of the state. These actions are associated with times of weakness in the national situation, such as the presence of occupation or weak state administration. Incidents of sedition and threats to the security of the state have increased, continued, and become more frequent in the contemporary era.

This research tackles the endeavour of one of the most eminent linguists of the reforming and rectifying movement in Arabic grammar:(Dr.Mahdi al-Makhzoumie) analytically and estimatingly through his unprecedented, rectified, unique and serious try ;i.e. this can go either way emperically or practically due to his own research experiments visions and fundamentals which qualify him to prove himself in this field. Thus, he examines the overall inherited grammar of the ancient linguists.He studies and revises it thoroughly; moreover, he acquaints the modern efforts in grammatical lessons.He gains the aware, scientific, renewal vision which really aims to serve the language and maintain its bases and fundamentals.
The Research Objectives:
Understanding of the facilitating and rectifying methods of the Arabic grammar studies assessing them through criticism and analysis via studying these bold of Dr.Mahdi al-Makhzoumie.
The researcher examines many studies researches and writings in this topic that stimulates the researcher to complete this research with its necessities and scientific requirements.

Geologically, Wadi al-Tayyib is located within the stable continental shelf within the Mesopotamian region, which was subjected to uplift operations during the Hercynian era, Then the decline during the Permian period, so the study area contains a group of linear structures, as well as rocks that are characterized by being of medium permeability and high erosion, As for the soil, it is a type of soil transported by torrents and river valleys, and it is generally of variable permeability and has groundwater of high salinity, while the climate of the study area is characterized as a semi-arid climate with fluctuating rains, Using the Snyder model, it was (3.2) m3s, the maximum flow amount of the valley basin of the study area, which has an area of about (3128) km, and a concentration time of (30) hours, and this indicates that the basin is rectangular and needs a long period of time to reach its outlet, while the main point of the pooling reached busan(LC) is 81 km, with a slowdown time (tp) estimated at about (24) hours, which is the time separating between the onset of rain formation and the emergence of surface runoff in Wadi al-Tayeb, while the main runoff time was (6) hours and the volume of a torrent was (694) thousand/ Thousands / m3, with a gradual rise of about (2.00) hours to reach the top of the torrent, which reached (3128 / S / M3).

There is no doubt that the relationship between the philosophy of aesthetic end morality is ancient ،since the beginning of Greek philosophy. the Greeks used one word to express aesthetic end moral nobility. The also united aesthetic and perfection. Among them was the Greek philosopher Plato linked art end aesthetic with morality ،as he rejected the arts that corrupt minds end do not encourage virtue ،so he linked moral values with aesthetic values end linked the two with truth ، meaning that aesthetic should be characterized by goodness end express the truth is that Plato’s philosophy of art influenced many philosophers end aestheticians ،including Tolstoy. In this research (the Ethical Tendency in Tolstoy philosophy of aesthetic) I dealt with the study of the ethical in Tolstoy’s philosophy of aesthetic by stating Tolstoy’s point of view on aesthetic end linking it to ethics.

This study examines the impact of the Russian war on Ukraine on global food security, reviewing how the food supply and agriculture in Ukraine are affected and the resulting effects on the global economy and food trade. The study examines international efforts to address food security challenges, focusing on responses to the crisis in Ukraine and international cooperation to strengthen food security in the face of conflicts. The study shows the importance of international integration and effective policies to secure food supplies and improve agricultural sustainability to overcome crises caused by wars and conflicts, stressing the need to develop agricultural technologies and support sustainability to ensure food for all.

The current research aims to identify the level of primary school teachers’ possession of technical knowledge according to the TPACK model from the point of view of educational supervisors in Maysan. To achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher used the descriptive (analytical) method and the entire research community chose a sample for the research, which amounted to (119 As a male and female supervisor, the researcher adopted the questionnaire as a research tool, which consisted of (26) items, and included four main axes (content knowledge CK, technical knowledge TK, pedagogical knowledge PK, technical pedagogical knowledge necessary to teach content TPACK), and its validity and reliability were verified. Processing data statistically using the Statistical Package for Educational and Psychological Sciences (SPSS) (And the weighted mean, the percentage weight, the Pearson correlation coefficient, the Cronbach alpha equation, and the standard deviation), the results showed the weakness of teachers in using modern technology, and the results also showed the efficiency of many teachers in knowing the concepts and principles of educational content, as well as the ability of teachers to take into account individual differences. Among the students, the research came up with a set of procedural recommendations, including: As well as the ability of teachers to take into account individual differences among students, the research came out with a set of procedural recommendations, including: the necessity of focusing in pre-service teacher preparation programs at the university on learning to integrate technology into teaching practices, benefiting from the experiences of countries in integrating technology into teaching according to the TPAc model, Holding training courses for teachers on how to use technology in teaching, equipping schools with laboratories and modern technologies.

The research tagged (spatial variation of the evidence and indicators of the fields of early childhood development and child protection in the district of the greatest friend for the year 2023) at the level of the sectors (9) sectors، where the study shows the extent of the level of deprivation that is measured through a set of indicators for each field to know the index of child poverty in the district .
It was distributed (250) questionnaire forms in different proportions between the sectors of the study area depending on the size of children in a sector، and the field study found that the rates of deprivation of children in the area of the greatest friend، one of the districts of Sadr City، came with different deprivation values between one sector and another، it was for the sector (55) the largest share in the rates of deprivation in the fields of child development and child protection، While the least deprived sectors is sector (14) in the field of childhood development and sector (13) in the field of child protection، and the poverty index is linked to the values of the fields with a social، economic and developmental dimension، which are linked to the indicators of the fields، the interpretation of the values of those indicators reveals the extent of high and low levels of deprivation with a geographical dimension in the study area .

Dramatic styles developed over the ages and differed as required by intellectual and artistic needs، in order to express the cognitive and aesthetic forms of each era and in different societies. The first signs of drama were in the form of dance among ancient man، then it developed with the development of society and the difference in its needs، so the birth of each form of drama represented a new level. Art elevates it، and the difference in societies and the multiplicity of their languages and dialects called for the emergence of a new language that everyone understands، regardless of their nationalities، represented by gesture and movement.

Praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon our Master Muhammad and upon his good and pure family and companions.
It is no secret to anyone of the Arabic language, including the merit and importance of the languages, and the Holy Qur’an descended by the book of the Lord of the Eternal Worlds, which:﴿ The falsehood does not come to him from his hands, nor from his successor Because of these features, grammarians have competed since ancient times to pay attention to it, study it, and establish its rules in order to preserve it from melody and error. This interest took many forms and methods, and among those methods and methods that contributed to the rooting of the language and the establishment of grammatical rules and standards that protect people’s tongues from mistakes in the language is the grammatical factor that represents The backbone of the Arabic language is how it is known why it is parsed in the nominative, accusative, genitive, and jussive. This topic occupied me because of its importance, even God Almighty asked me to write on the topic of the grammatical factor and its types, and the grammarians’ position on it and their sayings about it.
I divided this study into two sections. In the first section, I talked about defining the worker.
As for the second section, I talked about the types of grammatical factors, which are the verbal factor and the moral factor, and I studied a group of verbal grammatical factors such as prepositions, nouns, if, and were, their sisters, and if, and their sisters, and relative verbs, and other verbal factors.
Regarding the moral factors, I studied a group of factors, such as the subject factor, the present tense factor, and the sayings of grammarians regarding that. If I am correct, it is from God Almighty, and if I am wrong, it is from Satan and from myself. Our last supplication is that praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds, and upon our Prophet and upon his good family, the best prayers and the most complete greetings

The current research aims to identify:
1-Psychological well-being among orphan children.
2- The statistical significance of the difference in psychological well-being according to the gender variable (males - females) among orphan children.
To achieve the objectives of the current research, the researcher built a scale of psychological well-being among orphaned children by reviewing the theoretical framework and previously prepared studies, including Ryff (Ryff, C. D. (1989). The scale in its final form consisted of (18) paragraphs, and the stability value reached (0.876) using the alpha method. The indicators of validity (apparent and constructive) were achieved in the scale after the scale was presented to a group of arbitrators in the field of psychology. As for the research sample, it amounted to (400) children who were randomly selected and distributed according to the variable of residence (governmental - private) among orphaned children in orphanages in the city of Baghdad. After processing the data statistically through the statistical package (spss), the research reached a number of results, including:
The research sample does not enjoy psychological well-being 1-
2- There is no difference in psychological well-being according to the variable of residence (governmental – private(
In light of the research results, the researcher presented a numberof recommendations And suggestions

The goal of this study is to determine the effect of two strategies: an essay in two minutes and a feelings card on written expression among female students in the second intermediate grade. To achieve this، the researcher chose a sample of (96) female students from the second intermediate grade in (Al-Lawame’ Girls’ Intermediate School) affiliated with the Kutha District Education Department in Babil Governorate، with a (33) female students for the first experimental group، (33) female students for the second experimental group، and (30) female students for the control group. The researcher rewarded the female students of the three research groups in variables (the chronological age of the female students calculated in months، the grades of the Arabic language subject in the final exam for the previous academic year 2022-2023، and the academic achievement of the parents).
After determining the topics that would be taught during the experiment، the researcher formulated behavioral objectives and prepared teaching plans for the topics. She also prepared a test in written expression and confirmed its validity and reliability. She adopted a ready-made standard for marking the test papers، which is the Al-Hallaq standard (2010).
After subjecting them to statistical treatments، the results showed that the two experimental groups outperformed the control group.

Praise be to God alone and prayers and peace be upon the one after whom there is no prophet.
Language was and still is the poet's mechanism for expressing his experiences and feelings, and poets differed among themselves, as each poet has his own creativity and linguistic treasure, and his artistic ability that is governed by uniqueness and privacy according to his experience, environment and culture, and on this, the levels of poetic performance are the most important area of that mechanism and how it works and its effect, this research deals with the levels of poetic performance in the poetry of Yemeni poets in the pre-Islamic era and how they employ the structural level and the semantic level to express their poetic experiences by creating a poetic text that suggests their poetic culture and their efforts to invest in texts and round them up at that time.

This research aims to study the effect of the analogical thinking strategy on improving the level of academic achievement of first-year middle school students in the subject of social studies. An experimental approach was used in this study, where the sample was divided into two groups: an experimental group receiving education using the analogical thinking strategy, and a control group receiving education using traditional methods.
The achievement test was applied in the subject of social studies, and the data were analyzed to determine the effectiveness of this strategy in improving the level of achievement. The results showed a significant improvement in the performance of the experimental group, indicating the effectiveness of the analogical thinking strategy in enhancing students' understanding and improving their academic performance.
The study recommends the importance of adopting educational strategies based on analogical thinking to enhance deep understanding and critical thinking among students

The Holy Qur’an has had a great impact on the Karbalai Arab literary production. Therefore, the Qur’an is considered a basic source from which Arab poets drew in order to cite the situations that these poets describe in their poetry. However, what is striking is that the Qur’anic influence appears in what these poets produced, and the research deals with the Qur’anic influence in Poetry of the poet Sadiq Al Touma. This study attempts to explain what the poet took from the words, structures and meanings of the Qur’an and included them in his poetry directly or indirectly. This indicates his influence by the Holy Qur’an to enrich his poetic experience due to this book’s abundant knowledge.

This study is the first that Dealt on the production of the novelist, and the writer was talked about and the most important ideas of the novel in the prelude.
As for the analysis of these ideas, it was in the first topic, and the second topic included the narrative construction of the novel, and the research ended with the most important results that I reached

Identify: (1- Personal peace among university professors, 2- Differences in personal peace according to the variable A- Gender (males-females) B- Age (30 years or less - more than 30), 3- Identify mental health among university professors 4- Differences in mental health according to the variable A- Gender (males-females) B- Age (30 years or less - more than 30), 5- Identify the correlation between personal peace and mental health among university professors). Research method: Descriptive correlational method. Research sample: Number (100) male and female professors, Research tools: The personal peace scale was adopted and the mental health scale was prepared in the current research, and the validity and reliability of the two scales were conducted, Statistical methods: Processed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Research results: (1- University professors have high and statistically significant personal peace, 2- There are statistically significant differences according to the gender variable in favor of females and there are statistically significant differences according to the age variable in favor of those over 30 years old, 3- University professors have high and statistically significant mental health, 4- There are statistically significant differences in mental health according to the gender variable in favor of males and statistically significant differences according to the age variable in favor of those over 30 years old, 5- There is a positive correlation between personal peace and mental health that is statistically significant at a significance level of (0.05). The research results were interpreted according to the two research theories adopted in the current research, including: - (Providing effective support to university professors to reduce stress and enhance the balance between work and life that contributes to creating a healthier and more productive educational environment), and proposals including: (Conducting a study on personal peace and the meaning of life among cancer patients).

Current research aims at defining :
1-level of mutual social trust among students of college of basic education in general
2-level of emotional deprivation for students of college of basic education in general
3-relation between mutual social trust and emotional deprivation for students of college of basic education
4-know significance of variances in level of mutual social trust and its relation to emotional deprivation for the sample according to gender ( males – females ) and stage (1st -4th ) variables
Researcher adopted analytical descriptive method due to its appropriateness . Sample is (150) students from college of basic education / university of Mosul . To realize research goals، researcher adopted (Ali، 2020) scale to measure mutual social trust and (Al-Obaidi، 2013) scale to measure emotional deprivation . psychometrical features of scales such as surface validity and stability .Surface validity reached (80%) . Stability factor of mutual social trust scale depending on re-test reached (0،82).stability factor of emotional deprivation scale read (0،84) SPSS program was used to collect and analyse data . Researcher concluded :
1-existence of statistically significant difference in level of mutual social trust among students of college of basic education in general
2-existence of statistically significant difference in level of emotional deprivation among students of college of basic education in general
3-moral significant relation between levels of mutual social trust and emotional deprivation in general
4-no statistically significant difference in relation between mutual social trust and emotional deprivation according to gender and academic stage variables
Through these results، the researcher suggests and recommends
-Throw numerous courses، workshops and programs that promote، enhance and develop trust of students in themselves and others
-continuous encouragement for students to build healthy social relations and friendships to keep their social and psychological adaptation
-make more researches and studies about mutual social trust in relation with other variables like social or economic level
-make a study about emotional deprivation and its relation to social reaction for university students
-make a similar study on other samples other than university students like intermediate or secondary school pupils

This research aims to identify the effect of the information gap strategy on the acquisition of the Kurdish language grammar subject among fifth grade students. To achieve the goal of the research, the researcher followed the experimental method to suit the circumstances of his research and chose a sample consisting of (49) students distributed into two groups, with (24) students in the experimental group. And (25) students in the control group. The researcher studied both groups of the research himself, and after completing the experimental procedures, the researcher prepared an achievement test consisting of (30) objective multiple-choice items. After applying the test to the research sample and analyzing the results statistically, it became clear that the students excelled. The experimental group over the control group students with statistical significance, and a number of recommendations and proposals have been developed.