Journal of Studies and Researches of Sport Education

The skill of snatch as a skill requires high physics abilities and dynamic susceptibilities to practice and to activate the high achievement in that skill that depends on the application of technical aspects in a more integrated manner as well as to perform the application of the biomechanical aspects. The deviations of weight from the imaginary line of the body for the weightlifter in the stages of the snatch skill is one of the most important biomechanical elements that set the shape of the dynamic trajectory of the performance.
The aim of the study was to identify for the value of the velocity of the hip and knee joints in the first drag step and the weight deviation in the snatch lifting.
The researcher used the descriptive method (the study of associative relationships), as the most appropriate to achieve the goal of the study, and the research community consisted from six weightlifters of the Iraqi national team (Advanced category) in weightlifting, And the results were as follows :
* There was a significant positive correlation between the velocity of the knee and hip joints in the first drag step stage and the deviation of the first weight (D1) in the snatch.
And Also the research recommendations include :
It’s not necessary to have the digital values obtained by the researcher are an example for each weightlifter, as the biomechanical properties differ from a weightlifter to another. but they can be useful for comparison in training and research.

Studies have been taken in the field of sport, including the physiology of sport develops in the field of scientific research, which dealt with various responses and adaptations occurring in the body as a result of exercise. These include the importance of our study, which deals with one of the components of the blood is hemoglobin, which carries oxygen to the muscles working in football players under conditions of high temperature imposes a multiplier work on the body, which is reflected on the performance of skill and physical.
The problem of research is determined in the detection of important issues in the field of sports physiology, which have the effects of the amount of a large load is added to the work of functional organs such as blood components and respiratory reserve and thus reflected on the performance of skill scoring, which is intended to connect to the highest levels in the members of the research sample.
The aim of the research is to identify the differences between certain blood components, respiratory reserves and scoring accuracy before and after the physical exertion on the high temperature mobile walker.
The researchers adopted the descriptive approach in the style of comparative study on a sample of football players (9) players representing Al-Nour Club for the first class football for the season 2017-2018 in the province of Basra.
The results showed a difference in measurements and tests between rest and physical effort in some blood components and respiratory reserves and accuracy of scoring in football players

The importance of research is evident in raising the level of wrestling players for the better by using the appropriate educational method that motivates the learner by using the successful educational method to teach wrestling handles in specialized schools and sports clubs, and thus we have contributed to reducing the effort and shortening the time in correct education.
The research objectives were:
1-Identify the effect of the collective method in learning some muskets in freestyle wrestling for beginners.
The most important conclusions were:
1-The collective method of learning some grips in free wrestling is one of the successful methods in raising the level of wrestlers for beginners with the technical performance of the grips.
2-Diversity in the use of the methods included in the collective method (learning circles - learning, integrative cooperation - the competitive method - the pairing method) gives greater motivation to learning and thus has a positive effect on learning the technical performance of grasping in free wrestling.
It was recommended:
1- Adopting the collective method in learning some grips in free wrestling as it is one of the successful methods in raising the level of wrestlers for beginners with the technical performance of the grips
2-Emphasis in education on the diversity in the use of methods that are included in the collective method (learning circles - learning, integrative cooperation - the competitive method - pairing method) because it gives greater motivation to learn and thus has a positive effect on learning the artistic performance of holding hands with free wrestling.

The importance of this study comes into view by shedding light on the small training circle, in terms of its compliance of train demanding , in accordance with specialization in the activity of 400m.ranning.
The study problem is represented in the stasis and stability in the digital level of the 400m. runners, compared with the international level. This problem has come out of the poor care for its not consenting – in its traditional design- all the training requirements need by a 400m. runner.
The study aims at knowing training demanding for carrying for carrying out the achievement of 400m. running for men . it also aims at preparing a training programme due to the requirements of training and the level of the sample of the small training circle, the effect of the training programmeon achievement, and some physical variables (the maximum speed and speech stretch).
The researcher supposes the existence of progress in the doing of the research sample between the pre –test and the post – test to the advantage of the latter one. In addition, the researcher supposes that the use of the suggested training programme by using the convenient training requirements has directly affected the development of the physical and functional levels of the sample, being proved by the variables of the rese arch and achievement.
Scopes of the study involve:
-The human scope: Runners of Al-Qurnah Sport Club for athletics in the activity of 400m. running for men.
-The temporal scope: The period from 10/11/2018 to 17/ 4/2019. -The spatial scope:The racetrack of athletics at Al-Qurnah Sport Club; Weightlifting Court of College of physical Education and sport Sciences .
Most important conclusions:
-Statistical differences have been perceived between the pre-test and the post-test to the advantage of the post-test, in the variables of the research and achievement.
The researcher suggests:
-Emphasizing the practice of the prepared training programme for its inclusiveness of all the training requirements of 400m. running, which is significant to enable our trainers to carry out the best achievents.
-Using training programmes due to the requirements of training on other games.

The importance of the research was manifested in the fact that the students face a number of problems or pressures during their academic life, which may fall subject to symptoms and psychological disorders. Sport helps him to get rid of the psychological aspect and raise the level of physical fitness required to complete their daily work and duties. The most important objectives of the research: 1- To identify the effect of practicing the practical physical education lesson on mental health and some physical indicators for female students aged (12-14) years. Accordingly, the conclusion was made: 1- The practical physical education lesson has a positive effect on mental health and some physical indicators for female students aged (12-14) years. At the age of (12-14) years.

Objective of the research: The aim of the research is to identify the correlation between the control center and the motivation of achievement among the physically disabled players of track and field according to the five activities.
Methodology and field procedures: The researcher has used the descriptive method with a survey method.
The method of selecting the research sample was adopted intentionally, and the members of the community (100) were athletes, distributed on (5) clubs representing Baghdad clubs for the disabled for the sports season (2016 -2017). The procedures of establishing scales included the control center and the motivation of achievement, in which a set of items were prepared. The statistical equations were then carried out to come up with the objective indicators, validity and reliability.
Most Significant Conclusions:
1 - Most of the disabled players of the track and field in all activities belong to the center of internal control.
2 - All the disabled players of the track and field have a motivation to obtain achievement.
3 - There is a positive correlation between the center of control and motivation for achievement for the track and field disabled players, pursuant to the five activities.
Most significant recommendations:
1 - Trainers to adoptthe scale of the center of control and to identify the trends of disabled players, and what is the pattern, for them, to take into account regarding how to give guidance to players in accordance with a pattern prevailing in them.
2 - Trainers to adopt the scaleof motivation achievement and to know the realistic achievement of disabled players and contribute to increase it to the maximum extent possible and to match the possibilities of each player.

The purpose of the research is to identify the effect of special exercises in the development of bodily kinesthetic intelligence and visual spatial, and to identify the effect of the development of bodily kinesthetic intelligence and visual spatial in the tactical performance of football. The research community is one of the players of the Basra clubs participating in the youth football league (ages 17-19) , For the sports season (2018 - 2019) and the number of (3) teams, so that the sample was chosen deliberately, they players of the club (AI-Minaa) of 25 players, and was excluded (5) (3) goalkeepers and two other players who did not participate in the tests to be the number of (20) players were divided into two groups control and experimental by lot, so that the control group consists of (10) players apply the program of traditional planning and experimental group of (10) players apply the same In addition to special exercises for intelligence (bodily kinesthetic intelligence and visual spatial), the experiment took 10 weeks at a rate of 3 training units per week (Saturday, Monday, Wednesday). The total time of the unit ranges from 20-25 minutes, after processing the results of tribal tests and dimensionality using appropriate statistical methods researcher concluded the following:
1-The special exercises has contributed effectively in the development of bodily kinesthetic intelligence and visual spatial.
2-The development of bodily kinesthetic intelligence and visual spatial impact in the tactical performance of the young football players.
3-No development of the control group similar to what happened to the experimental group in the tactical performance.

The importance of the study in in focusing on basic skill which is the final of all stages of play ; that is , the scoring upon jumping which is equaled to three points in basketball , its relation to the pushing an some variables of high flying arc of the ball contributing actually in scoring accurately.
The problem of the research is represented by erratic attempts to score and jump which is calculated as three points and its effect on the result of the match as the real assessment of the skill or interference for bio-mechanic evaluation and then to correct expected mistakes.
This study aims to identify the values of impulse and some kinematic variables are related with high flying arc of the ball for corner players and also the relations between values of impulse and some kinematic variables.
The research supposes presence of correlation between values of impulse and some kinematic variables are related with high flying arc of the ball for corner players of basketball.
The study includes the following fields:
- The human Filed: basketball Team Players of South Oil Co. Sport Club for league.
-The time Field: The period from 03.03.2010 to 03.05.2019
-The site Field: The Sport hall in South Oil Company Sport Club/ Basrah Governorate.
The most important results:
-There is variation in the high flying arc of the ball and it is shown upon applying cluster analytical characteristics classifying patters into two groups.
-There is variation in the value of strength impulse among players on the strength metering skid.
-There is linear correlation between each variable of strength impulse and variables of high flying arc of the ball.
The researcher recommenced on the importance of the value of strength impulse and on the technical performance by jumping through practicing special exercises and also on applying metering skid to measure strength by registering variable and make further studies for different types of scoring in delight of kinetic variables using modern devices.

Volleyball is one of the most successful competitive, popular and recreational games in the world. It is fast and exciting, which distinguishes it from other games. The volleyball game generates competitors. It shows the best physical abilities, skill and artistic creativity. Hence the importance of the research in determining the standard levels and levels of selection of young volleyball players. During which raise the level of achievement of this game. The problem of research is to address the lack of such tests and to find standard scores to help the selection of players in volleyball. The goal of the research is to identify the skills of the players of the volleyball players where the researcher used the descriptive method of survey method and included the research on the procedures used in designing tests and codify them in detail The researcher presented, analyzed and discussed the results and obtained the grades and standard levels through which the selection of volleyball players. From this, the researchers have drawn up tables for the standard levels and grades of the technical tests .

It is well known that training phases has an important role as it is create a foundation for later training levels after mastering skill in addition to role of exercise in the first year comes in mastering skill and improving performance to advance level in order to achieve training goals and thus require a high level of motion and physical abilities of athletes . The lack of utilizing training methods by coaches which appropriates with players and their importance in developing basic skill motivated the researcher to apply gradually training in difficulty in improving motion abilities for those basic skills .

The main purpose of the current study was to identify the relationship between response time and some motor skills in Taekwondo. The researcher used the descriptive method in a correlation manner for its suitability for the nature of the study. Sample was chosen in a deliberate way from the players of Hawler New Hall-Erbil, which involved of (14) male players in same or close weight category; from a total of 42 playersFor the purpose of knowing the validity of the selection of the sample and the extent of its normal distribution. The law of the skewness coefficient has applied to find out the homogeneity of the sample in these variables (length, weight, and age). Bearing in mind that the skewness coefficient in these variable It is between -1 to +1 so the sample is normally distributed. The results showed the following There is a correlation between the response time and front kick skill, and the rear leg skip step (front –foot cut kick) and the Roundhouse kick. While there was a strong and significant correlation between response time and the spin back kick.

Lies the importantresearch of ce to create a comprehensive quality requirements of scout activity in sport and school directorates which helps identify programs according to modern technology , while the sport and school patients are weakened the researchers used the descriptive approach of the survey and sample the research was of 170 of the officials working in the scout people and researchers presented their finding through statistical means the conclusions and their most important is that the program accreditation scale and the creation of comprehensive quality requirements are suitable for measuring the levels of administrative personnel and the middle and southern regions
The most important recommendations:
the adoption of measures for the purpose of measuring the adoption of raw programs of comprehensive quality requirements for administrative workers in the director of data and territories for central and southern regions.

Hence the importance of research from the experimenting of teaching according to the Model McCarthy, which has to do with the extent of the development of the student level in addition to revealing the results that show through the effectiveness of this model in learning scoring football and this is shown by what the student reached during the performance.And the objectives was Preparing exercises according to the McCarthy model to learn the skill of scoring football for students of the first stage in the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / University of Basra. The following was concluded The presence of statistically significant differences between the results of the pre and post tests in the scoring skill in football for the first stage students and in favor of the post tests for both experimental and control groups. The researchers used the experimental approach to its suitability for the type and nature of the research using the experimental design of the pre and post measurements, The following was concluded, The educational curriculum applied according to McCarthy model contributed to the development of scoring skill in football among the first stage students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Science. And It was recommended The necessity of using the educational curriculum applied according to McCarthy model for teaching football (scoring skill) to students, and encouraging those involved in the educational process in the sports field to stay away from the methods used that may bring boredom

The research included five chapters: the importance of the research was manifested in identifying the role of the creative coach in disposition in the match plans and his ability to make successful and correct decisions and instill confidence and willpower in the hearts of his players through the realism in which he works in training and competition. As for the research problem he wanted The researcher identifies the coaches ability, their technical capabilities and the possibility of leadership through the opinion of football coaches of their coaches by offering some tools (metrics) that are able to access the scientific and logical facts in this research problem.
Conclusions
1-The presence of a highly significant correlation between the psychological creativity scale and the practical self-measure for Iraqi football coaches (Premier, First, Second).
2-The presence of a highly significant correlation between the psychological creativity scale and the transformational leadership scale for Iraqi football coaches (Premier, First, Second).
3-The presence of a highly significant correlation between the measure of the practical self and the scale of transformational leadership for Iraqi football coaches (Premier, First, Second).
RecommendationsThe 1-researcher recommends adopting the current measures to reveal the levels (the practical self and the leadership) for the Iraqi league soccer coaches (Premier, First and Second).
2-The necessity for the coaches to pay attention to the theoretical aspect of sports training and to see the leadership models used in leadership and to benefit from them in the leadership of football clubs.
3-Conducting new scientific studies to identify the relationship between the terms of the current study and other variables related to the work of football coaches.
4-Working to involve soccer coaches in qualifying courses for the psychological and leadership aspects by specialists in sports psychology.
5-Paying attention to the coaches and providing them with the appropriate sport of freedom and giving their hands

Badminton is the fastest racket game with action of short duration and high intensity. Purpose: to measure and compare blood lactate concentration, PRE, heart rate and blood pressure before and after repeated badminton matches. Method: Six national ranked players (age = 22.6 ± 5.3 years; height = 172.5 ± 3.2 cm, weight = 66.1 ± 5.3 kg) played four badminton matches in raw with recovery period of 30 minutes in which Heart Rate, Blood pressure and RPE were measured before and immediately after the end ofeach match. Additionally, blood lactate concentration was measured before and after 5 min from the end of the match. Result: the study indicates that blood lactate concentration and RPE were higher in the fourth match comparing to others with significant differences among them for both before F3, 15= 20.08, P=0.000, F3, 15= 14.80, P=0.000, and after the end of the matches F3, 15= 16.48, P=0.000. F3, 15= 13.71, P=0.000, respectively. No significant differences for heart rate and blood pressure were found. Conclusion: the repetitive badminton matches exerted high cardiovascular and psychophysiological stress on the players. Reconsidering the given recovery time and the number of games allowed per day during national and international tournaments is highly recommended

The importance of research in a situation in the hands of those involved in sports training, especially the game of basketball, came as two tests for the most important skill of the basic offensive skills in basketball, but we ensure that the player's performance level for this skill is known, and this is an indication of successful technical performance.
The research objectives were:
1-Designing and regulating two tests to withstand the performance of the change of direction and the high performance of the basketball for junior girls.
2-Finding levels and criteria for evaluating two tests that can withstand the performance of the student by changing direction and the high level of basketball for junior girls.
The most important conclusions were:
1-The two tests that were designed by the researcher are able to detect the level of endurance of the performance of the chuck with changing direction and the high chuck of basketball for junior girls.
2-The research sample was divided into three levels, which are ascending (average, good, and very good) for the two tests together.
It was recommended:
1-Adopting the two tests designed as a means of detecting the level of endurance of the performance of the ball roll by changing direction and the high bump of female basketball juniors.
2-Emphasizing the importance of developing the skill to endure the performance of the puck by changing direction and the high puckering because they are a means for the player to move with the ball in other offensive situations and score points.

The importance of the research is that biomechanics helps in obtaining information on the details of the analysis of the technical performance and the data are sequential and synchronized, and therefore the analytical studies contribute to the evaluation of the technical aspects and factors affecting the internal and external body in providing information on the amount of angular movement of the weighting of the arms that contribute to the height of the center of mass Body and perform the primary duty of blocking wall skill
The research objectives were:
Evaluating the effectiveness of the angular momentum of the arms and its contribution to raising the center of body mass of the blocking players from stability in volleyball 2- Identifying the values of some biomechanical variables that contribute to the amount of angular movement of the arms in the players of the blocking:The most important conclusions : It was found that the contribution of the angular momentum to the swing of the arms by raising the center of body mass when performing the skill of the blocking from the stability of the volleyball was not a significant contribution. 2- And that the research sample did not benefit from the correct performance of the weighted, which saves them the effort as required, i.e. there was no effort economy .
Main Recommendations :Emphasis on the angular movement of the arms in coordination with the rest of the body. Emphasis on angular velocity exercises for the arms according to training stresses to achieve a good angle movement quantity.

The importance of the research came to improve the futsal football players by increasing their defensive moves and speed of performance through experimenting with new exercises, including weight training, and knowing the extent of its importance in this game, hoping to raise it to a high level.
The research objectives were:
1- Recognizing the effect of weight training exercises in developing the defensive movement and the speed of offensive skill performance in football for the advanced halls.
The most important conclusions were:
1-The exercises used by weighting within the training units achieved the development of the defensive movement and the speed of the offensive skill performance in football for the advanced halls.
The most important recommendations were:
1- The necessity of relying on the exercises used by weighting within the training units, because they achieved the development of the defensive movement and the speed of the offensive skill performance in football for the advanced halls.

This study aimed that physical activity and a nutritional education program could reduce depression among non-athletic women in Iraq. A 12-week trial of physical activity and nutritional awareness was conducted on a group of non-athletic women (experimental, n = 22; control group, n = 22). Both the experimental and control groups completed the pre- test and post-tests, but only the participants in the experimental group received the research program. Field tests were used to measure all variables. After controlling for demographic factors and other confounding factors, the post-test analysis of scores for the two experimental and control groups showed that the difference between the mean scores of the two groups is statistically significant in depression: (p = 0.918), which showed that the activity and nutritional education program can positively affect reducing depression among Non-mathematical women

The researcher dealt in the first chapter the importance of the study of social deviation is a serious social phenomenon of individuals or individuals deviant from the standards and values of society, the reasons and work to develop ways to address them, Due to the absence of historical studies on the manifestations of social deviation in football players for the period (2003-2011), the aim of the research to build and standardize the questionnaire to identify the manifestations of social, the second chapter dealt with the topics related to the subject of the research, namely, the definition of social deviation, its types, levels and characteristics, the elements of deviant elements in society, as well as the history of football, both ancient and modern. (2003-2011), the total number of (605) and applied the scale on them and adopted their results, while the fourth chapter has been presented results analyzed and discussed according to the researcher, supported by the sources and opinions of experts and specialists in sociology of sports The researcher concluded that the measure prepared by the researcher is capable of measuring the social deviation according to the field of control over the age of the players. The researcher recommended adopting the scale by the governmental bodies to improve the status of this important segment

The study aimed to identify the degree of cognitive dependency of the students and to identify the effect of the seven-step strategy on cognitive dependency and to learn some offensive skills combined with basketball among the research sample. As for the research hypothesis, there are statistically significant differences between the results of the pre and post tests of the control and experimental research groups in cognitive dependency And he learned some offensive skills combined with basketball for female students, and there are statistically significant differences between the control and experimental research groups in the results of the dimensional tests in the cognitive dependency and learning some offensive skills combined with the basketball for female students, and the researchers used the experimental approach with the experimental and control groups with the pre and post tests on his own 40 female students of the second stage in the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / University College of Knowledge and the cognitive dependency measure was conducted on the sample of the main experiment as well as taking skill tests after which the curriculum for the seven-step strategy was applied, and then the researchers used appropriate statistical means to extract the results and in light of the results Recommend The two researchers have drawn to a number of conclusions, including the educational units prepared according to the seven-step strategy, which has a positive effect on cognitive dependency and the superiority of the experimental group, which used the seven-step strategy over the control group, which used the approach followed in the college in learning skills, and in light of the conclusions the researchers recommend the following to adopt the educational units Prepared according to the strategy of the seven steps in learning skills in basketball for its effective role in learning skills and diversifying the teaching strategies used by the teacher in order to encourage learners to learn skills, get excitement and excitement, and move away from boredom and monotony

The importance of the research lies in preparing an educational program using educational modules to contribute to the self-learning process of some basic football skills for students As one of the new formulas in which teachers and learners find a field for scientific benefit and educational experience, and a method that raises students' interests and motivates them to learn and gain experiences away from boredom and monotony, The research aims to identify the impact of the educational program using the educational modules method in learning the skills of running with the ball and passing by soccer for students. The researchers used the experimental method with two equal groups (control and experimental), due to its suitability to the nature of this study and its objectives. The study sample included (40) students from the first stage in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - Al Ain Al-Ahlia University in Dhi Qar Governorate. They represent two divisions (B - C) and by (20) students from each class, and the sample percentage from the parent community of (67) students is equal to (59.7%). They were divided into two groups, one control and the other experimental.
Among the most important conclusions reached by the researchers is the superiority of the experimental group that implemented the educational program using the method of educational modules over the control group, which implemented the curriculum according to the method used in the college in learning the skills of running with the ball and passing by soccer with football for students.

The importance of research lies through the researcher's approach to the concept of psychological orientation and its study in all respects. It is the first Iraqi study (to the researcher's knowledge) to address this variable in the field of sports. The problem of research lies in the lack of a measuring tool that measures this concept in athletes and reveals it, but the objectives of the research were to build a measure of the psychological orientation of the players participating in the Championship of the University of Al Mustansiriyah handball for the academic year (2018-2019)
The descriptive approach was used and the researcher based the procedures of building the scale through the researcher's description of psychological orientation and identified its areas by presenting the survey form to a group of experts and specialists and defining each area and defined by five areas. The five-point edifying scale was used. Based on the opinion of the experts, (53) paragraphs were retained distributed over the five areas of the scale and the researcher conducted a survey experiment on a sample outside the basic research sample. The scale was then applied to the basic trial sample (construction sample) of 105 players who were deliberately selected. The researcher used two statistical methods to analyze the paragraphs, namely the method of extremist groups and the method of internal consistency and in the light of the results that appeared, the paragraphs containing a discriminatory force have a moral significance. This procedure was applied to all paragraphs and some paragraphs were deleted because they did not reach the moral level, but honesty was verified using the sincerity of the content and the sincerity of the construction, as well as the stability was verified by the half-fragmentation method and Alpha Kronbach. The Statistical Bag of Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to extract the results of the research:
The researcher has reached the following conclusions:
1- The construction of the measure of orientation was reached for the players participating in the Championship of the University of Mustansiriyah handball
2- . - 5 axes were drawn to the measure of the psychological orientation of handball players based on the results of the statistical analysis and the paragraphs of the scale have reached (53) paragraphs distributed on the axes and as follows:
The first factor was called the "ambition" axis and contained (10) paragraphs.
B- The second factor was called the axis of competition and contained (11) paragraphs
C- The third factor was called the axis of the "rewards" and contained (12) paragraphs
D- The fourth factor was called the axis of "self-realization" and contained (10) paragraphs
E- The fifth factor was called the axis of "physical abilities" and contained (11) paragraphs

Search Goal Identify:
1- The level of the use of the management of the objectives of the dimensions (confidence between the president and subordinate, participation, the commitment of teachers to apply the goals, feedback) in the college and departments of physical education and sports science from the point of view..
2- The nature of the relationship and the impact between the use of the method of management objectives in the college and departments of physical education and sports science and the performance of teachers.
The he researchers used the descriptive method and the survey method. The research sample was selected using the intentional inventory method. The researchers used the management objectives questionnaire and the performance of employees and preparers by (Rashidi, 2014), where the management questionnaire of the objectives consisted of (22) paragraphs divided into (4) dimensions (confidence between the president and subordinate, participation, commitment of employees to apply the goals, feedback) While the performance questionnaire consisted of (7) paragraphs, the data were treated statistically using the mean arithmetic mean, standard deviation, alpha coefficient and one-way analysis of variance using the statistical program (spss) in data analysis. The researchers found the following:
1- The differences in the levels of using the management method with the objectives in its dimensions in the faculties and departments of physical education and sports sciences from the point of view of the teachers, as both dimensions of trust between the president and the subordinate and the commitment of teachers to apply the goals at a very high level, while the level of participation and feedback is high..
2- The presence of indicators with a significant effect of the use of the method of management objectives in the performance of teachers.

The importance of the research comes in raising the physical and skill level of basketball players, through establishing correct scientific foundations when choosing successful and effective training methods and means that make a serious contribution to development. Water to influence the physical aspect in order to reach the goal that the researcher intends to reach in order to contribute to the development of the level of skill performance.
The research objectives were:
1- Recognizing the effect of using water training on some of the physical and skill abilities of young basketball players.
2- Recognizing the results of the differences between the tribal and remote tests of the control and experimental groups in developing some of the physical and skill abilities of young basketball players.
Main conclusions: The use of water training is important in developing the physical requirements, especially speed, strength, and basic skills of young basketball players.
The most important recommendations: Adopting water training because it is important in developing the physical requirements, especially speed, strength and basic skills of young basketball players.

The aim of the research is to prepare educational units with a self-review strategy to learn the skills of free-swimming for female students, and to identify the level of cognitive achievement of the female students, also to identify the impact of the self-review strategy for learning the skills of free-swimming for female students, as well as to identify the levels of Bigs for third-year students,As for the research hypotheses, they were:
- There are no statistically significant differences between the post tests of the six research groups in the free swimming skill tests.
- There are no statistically significant differences between the post tests of the six research groups in the cognitive achievement test.
The research community was chosen by the intentional method from the third stage students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for Girls, which numbered (110) students for the academic year 2018-2019 AD, and the research sample was chosen by random method, which amounted to (50) students divided into (25) students for the control group (25). ) Student of the experimental group
After processing the data statistically, the following conclusions were reached:
- The educational units prepared by the self-review strategy have a positive impact on learning the basic skills of free-swimming.
- The experimental group showed a remarkable development in all tests through the significant differences, which were shown by the results of the post test.
The self-review strategy transformed the students from recipients of information to participants in it.
Based on the conclusions reached by the researchers, they recommend the following:
- Using a review strategy in teaching various games and activities within the curriculum of the faculties of physical education and sports sciences to involve female students in lectures, as well as keeping them away from the traditional atmosphere.

The study aimed to identify the effect of the players' personal intelligence on some offensive skills in handball. The researchers adopted the descriptive approach in the survey method for its suitability to the nature of the research, and the research community may consist of (55) players, as the injured players and goalkeepers were excluded so that the sample settled on (50) players, with a percentage of (90.90%) of the total research community, and the most important ones were identified The skills involved in performing the particular game. The main tests were conducted on the research sample, and by conducting statistical treatments, the researchers reached the following conclusions :
-Personal intelligence has a clear importance in improving a player's ability to perform offensive skills.
-The higher the intelligence, the higher the player's ability to perform .
The researchers also recommend :-
-Attention to developing personal intelligence through which the athlete reaches the stage of forming acquired mental concepts and pairing perception and movement .
-Organizing courses for coaches on how to activate intelligence to develop the ability of their players to correct sports skills .

The living environment reflects in multiple environmental factors that may affect the person in terms of health, social, economic or cultural. This research aims to identify the level of physical fitness for students aged (17-18) years in two different environments (Qasrehigh school in Choman and Shammamk high school in the Erbil Plain) and then comparing (100) students for each region. The study found that students living in mountainous areas excelled in each of the following physical elements (running 50 meters, throwing a medical ball test 2 kg, front jumping of stability test, and agility test), while students living in the plain area excelled in each of the following elements (run 800 meters, flexibility test), and the research came out with several recommendations.

The study aimed to reveal the level of persistence, perseverance and competitive behavior of the players of the Premier League volleyball clubs in Iraq, as well as to identify the relationship between them. ) players representing (10) teams out of (14) teams and their percentage was (71.42%), and the sample was divided randomly into a building sample of (90) players and an application sample of (60) players.By finding the value of the Pearson correlation coefficient between persistence, perseverance and competitive behavior, it was found that there was a high correlation between the two variables under consideration. The most important recommendations are the adoption of these two scales to measure persistence, perseverance and competitive behavior of volleyball players, and the need for there to be a psychological specialist for each team, especially high-level players, who is responsible and supervising the application of psychological programs.

Introduction and importance of the research The concept of psychological quality is important and basic and has a great impact on the results of behavior and performance of the players as well as self-realization. It is one of the important psychological concepts for each person, as each person exerts a lot in order to achieve himself. The self is what drives the individual to grow and improve and express himself by word and deed. The study and research in this field is a very necessary process to understand the importance of psychological quality, especially for handball players.The research problem introduces the competitive position in handball to describing the psychological methods that aim to control and change the player’s behavior through what is provided to the athlete in terms of experiences and organized training and attempts to make them feel quality and find the link that helps the player to find the integrated development of the player which is related to the psychological quality factor and its role On the skill performance and that the psychological quality is the effective impact on what players do in the matches of emotions, fanaticism and psychological tension, and this will therefore affect the behavior of the players by creating a state of tension and psychological calmness, which is reflected on the performance in the match

The problem of the research lies in the researcher’s observation that some methods of lesson implementation depend on the teacher’s academic experience and may not be compatible with the capabilities of the learner or student when studying the game of volleyball and practicing it with sufficient time and mastering the skills of the game, which makes the student a recipient and responsive to the teacher’s orders and the lack of adequate opportunities to develop his level skills, which necessitated the use of educational exercises in a guided discovery method that may contribute to raising the level of performance and improving the skill of receiving volleyball.
The research aims at the effect of using educational exercises in a guided discovery method in learning the skill of receiving volleyball for students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / University of Diyala. Diyala for the academic year 2021/2021. As for the research sample, it consisted of 30 students who were randomly divided into two groups, experimental and control, with a rate of (15) students for each group. To extract the results of the research, and through this, the researcher concluded that the educational exercises in the method of directed discovery had a positive effect on learning and retaining the skill of receiving volleyball.

The researcher noticed through his follow-up to the game of football and the lack of interest of the teams in some psychological aspects, for this the researcher resorted to studying two variables that are worthy of research, namely psychological skills and orientation towards areas of sports excellence and that for their great role in influencing the level of the athlete and achieving excellence in the game he practices, the study included Diyala governorate club players and the researcher used the descriptive approach through the use of both the psychological skills scale and the scale of orientation towards areas of sports excellence for the purpose of collecting information and data for the study and then processing them statistically using statistical means (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, hypothetical mean, simple correlation coefficient , (T-test) for one sample. The researcher concluded that there is no significant relationship between the dimension (orientation towards self-control) of the mathematical excellence scale and the domains of psychological elements (the ability to visualize - the ability to relax - the ability to confront anxiety - the ability to focus attention - Self-confidence - sports achievement motivation), it did not achieve a moral connection.

The problem of the research lies in the researcher’s observation that some methods of implementing the lesson depend on the teacher’s academic experience and may not be compatible with the abilities of the learner or the student when studying and mastering the skills of any game, which makes the student a recipient and responsive to the teacher’s orders and the lack of adequate opportunities to develop his motor level, which required the need To the use of exercises according to the method of cooperative learning for the sake of mastery that may contribute to raising the level of performance, improving the learning curve, and retaining some of the motor characteristics of students.
The research aims to: -
• The effect of using exercises according to the cooperative learning method in order to be able to learn some kinetic characteristics of students and keep them for middle school students.
The researcher used the experimental method for its suitability to the nature and problem of the research. As for the research community, it included second-grade students, average. The research sample consisted of 30 students who were divided randomly into two experimental and control groups, with 15 students per group. The researcher conducted exploratory experiments and determined the characteristics under research and tests Tribalism and the application of the method of matching exercises and post-tests and the use of the statistical bag Spss to extract the results of the research and through this the researcher concluded that the exercises according to the cooperative learning method in order to be able to have a positive effect in learning and retaining some of the kinetic characteristics of the students.

The problem of the study was manifested through the researcher’s observation that there is a lack of interest in sports institutions, including the directorates of youth and sports, and because they have a role in serving the Iraqi youth. The forums themselves, and the study aimed by identifying the degree of job performance and quality of life for supervisors in the Wasit Youth and Sports Forums, as well as identifying the correlation between them
the researcher used two scales( Job performance) Prepared by (ZiadAneed Salman: 2018) and (Quality of Life: prepared by (Mahmoud Mansi and Ali Kazem: 2018), and the researcher applied the quality of life measure to a sample of 52 supervisors distributed over 16 sports forums, as for the measure of job performance. It was distributed to a sample of employees in the same sports forums, and their number reached 132 employees. After completing the application and conducting the appropriate statistical methods, it came out. The researcher made several conclusions, the most important of which are: the sports forums supervisors of the Wasit Youth and Sports Directorate enjoy an average quality of life, the supervisors of the sports forums affiliated to the Wasit Youth and Sports Directorate have good guest performance from the point of view of the employees and workers inside the forums, in addition, the quality of life is closely related Positively and to a moderate degree with the job performance of the individual, the more attention and care by the institution to its members with the best quality contributes to improving their job performance

The scientific and technological revolution had a significant impact on various aspects of life, and societies and educational institutions became required to search for new methods, techniques and educational systems, to keep pace with these developments and benefit from them in the field of education. The barcode is one of the modern technologies that began to be used in the field of public life. This code can be decoded by scanning using a mobile learning device equipped with a camera and a program to read the barcode. He studied physical education and also on the extent of the use of barcode technology in the physical education lesson by its teachers..
As for the research method, the researchers used in this study the descriptive survey method, and the research community was physical education teachers for the preparatory stage, and the most important results were reached in urging the need to use barcode techniques in teaching physical education through programs available on the Internet, holding specialized courses for teachers Physical education in the field of using barcode techniques to teach the content of physical education, and in teaching both basic and skill skills, directing the attention of the authors of physical education curricula to the need to use computerized multimedia presentations to expand the horizon of the curriculum in proportion to the individual differences of students through the use of barcode techniques, Conducting other similar studies dealing with the skills of using barcodes in the educational process, and different educational stages other than those on which the study was conducted.

The study aimed to prepare an educational curriculum according to the method of self-examination in learning the skill of passing from the bottom in volleyball. The researcher used the experimental method for its suitability and the nature of the problem. The sample of the research was the students of the fifth year of middle school at Hit High School for Boys for the academic year (2019). The number of (40) students was divided into two groups, control and experimental, and appropriate statistical methods were used to process the data. down volleyball.

The study aimed to prepare an educational curriculum according to the guided discovery method in volleyball, and to identify the effect of using the guided discovery method in learning the skill of passing from the top in volleyball. The researcher used the experimental method for its suitability and the nature of the problem. A sample of students of the fifth literary grade, Dar Al-Salaam Secondary School for Boys for the academic year (2019), who numbered (40) students, were divided into two groups, control and experimental. Learn the skill of passing from the top with a volleyball, and the researcher recommends that physical education teachers have access to modern teaching methods and use them in the implementation of the lesson and not rely on the imperative method only.

Research aims:
1-To recognize the height of the weight above the table
In the first section of the lift (the clean) for thefailed and successful attempts of the heroines of theKurdistan Region.
2-Identify the relationship of the height of the weight above the drum in the first section of the jogging lift (clean) for the successful attempts of the champions of the Kurdistan Region at the level of achievement
3-Identify about the differences between the heights of the weight from the table in the first section of the lift (the clean) of the Kurdistan Region heroines between the failed and successful attempt
Research methodology:
The researchers used the descriptive approach in a manner appropriate to the nature of the research.
The research sample consisted of (six) advanced champion weightlifters, Kurdistan, who are represented by the Erbil team.
The researchers used the measurement, testing and scientific and technical observation in the year of 2019 for Iraq Women Championships as a means of data collection.
The researchers used measurement, testing, and technical scientific observation as means of data collection, scientific and technical observation. The scientific observation consisted of two stages, the first is to photograph the research sample while performing the lift, and the second phase is the kinematic analysis of the performance art of the research sample.The subjects of the research sample were photographed with a video camera at a height of 1.10 m, and the camera was placed on the right side at a distance of 6.40 m.The data were treated statistically using the mean standard deviation, percentage, and simple correlation coefficient. The researchers used the statistical package to treat the data statistically SPSS.
The Conclusions:
1-There are significant differences in height at the start-up stage.
2-There are significant differences in the stage of height of the weight below the belt.
3-There are significant differences in the stage of height of the squatting stage, the addition of the stage of rise and the distance of 3 for the first pull.
4-The research results confirm that there are significant differences in the total of the double bending distance.
5- There are significant differences in the double flexion time and the resultant double flexion velocity.
6- There are significant differences in the outcome
7-There are significant differences in the sum of the second pull distance.
The researchers recommended:
1-The use of aids in training to gain muscle full extension in the joints of the body for its importance in the distances and the height of the body.
2- Conducting a similar research on the youth lifters and confirming the full height of the weight in the full extension phase.
3-Emphasis on plyometric exercises (jumping exercises) when training lifters to increase explosive power and distinctive force quickly to reach the highest level of lifting force to fully perform the lifting fully stages.

The research included four chapters, as the first chapter contained an introduction and the importance of the research, and the researcher discussed the importance of tests and measurement in the sports field, especially the handball game, as well as a focus on the most important physical abilities and the skill of accurate correction, and the importance of the research came to identify the contribution rate of physical abilities by performing a skill Accuracy of aiming for young handball players, but the problem of research lies on the need for coaches to know the predictive value of tests as well as the percentage of physical abilities contribution to performing the accuracy of aiming after deception، 'iimaamajalatalbahthfaqadashtamalatealaaalmajalalbashariialdhytumathilbilaeibinadidijlatalshabab fi muhafazatmaysanlilmawsimalriyadii (2019 -2020) , watahadadalmajalalzamaniulilmudat min (25/1/2019) lghay (30/2/2020) , fi hynkanalmajalalmakaniualqaeatalkhasatbikuliataltarbiatalbadaniatwaeulumalriyada .
As for the fields of research, it included the human field, which represented the players of the Tigris Youth Club in Maysan Governorate for the sports season (2019-2020). Spatial domain The hall of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science.
The researcher used the descriptive method in the survey method, and the research sample consisted of (20) young players, and the researcher applied physical tests and accuracy of correction after deception with handball (the explosive strength of the arms, the strength marked by the speed of the arms, the accuracy of correction after deception), as was done Using the (SPSS) system to obtain the results of the research, and the researcher concluded that the physical abilities contributed a significant and acceptable percentage in the performance of the skill of correction after deception with the handball game youth as well as devising a final predictive equation through which to predict the skill of accurate accuracy after deception in terms of the most important ability Physical handball players for the youth, so the researcher recommends the need for attention to the physical side of trainers being one of the basic requirements that affect the performance of the technically gifted athlete.

The importance of the research came to show the role and importance of the cooperative strategies (to learn together) and (individuation for the team) in learning some basic basketball skills for students, thus shortening the time and effort for the learner and the teacher in the application of learning the basic skills.
Through the researcher’s modest experience in kinetic learning and the game of basketball, he noticed that learning basic skills does not rise to the level of ambition due to the use of educational methods and strategies that may not have achieved the required level of learning. Learn some basic basketball skills in a scientific and successful manner in the hope of raising the level of skill learning for the better.
The research objectives were:
1-Preparing the cooperative strategies (to learn together) and (individuation for the team) in learning some basic basketball skills for students.
2-Recognizing the effect of the cooperative (to learn together) and (individuation for the team) strategies in learning some basic basketball skills for students.
The most important conclusions:
1-The use of cooperative learning, especially the strategies (to learn together) and (individuation for the team), gives a high level of skillful learning in basketball skills.
The most important recommendations:
1-Adoption of cooperative learning, especially the strategies (to learn together) and (individuation for the team) in learning basketball skills for students.

The importance of the research lies in increasing energy production and functional adaptations. It can only be done by paying attention to appropriate training, including fixed strength training, and thus we put it as scientific information for trainers about the importance of maintaining energy production for players through the training used.
The lack of knowledge of the appropriate method or training will not be possible to advance the game and the level of career players, and this in itself is considered a research problem.
The main objectives of the research:
1- Recognizing the effect of constant strength exercises on the effectiveness of creatine, phosphorous and some blood indicators of advanced basketball players.
It was concluded:
1-The method of training fixed muscle strength is of special importance in producing energy after its dissolution of creatine and phosphorous during appropriate training with high loads and maximum intensity.
It was recommended:
1- Adopting constant muscle strength training because of its special importance in energy production after its dissolution of creatine and phosphorous.

The problem of research lies in the fact that the problems facing specialists in the training process is how to measure the physical and skill abilities and give them digital values that help the specialist to employ them in the field of sports, and the fact that the researcher is a former player and current coach of football and through tournaments held for this age group in the schools of Maysan province, the researcher sees according to his modest experience the scarcity of such tests that measure the skill performance of this group and the fact that this skill (scoring) is a basic skills which is considered by the researcher according to his modest experience The final outcome of the group of other skills, which is clear to the researcher that there is a scarcity of tests that measure the skill of scoring football for young football players in Maysan province.
The objectives of the research were to design a test to measure the scoring tolerance of young footballers and to find criteria (grades and levels) for the designed test.
. The areas of research included
1-Human field / youth football players in Maysan province.
2-Spatial field / stadiums of the clubs researched in Maysan province.
3-Temporal Domain / 2020 - 2021
The researcher used the descriptive approach, and the research sample consisted of (97) players, and the researcher concluded that a test design was reached to measure scoring tolerance in young football players.

The development of teaching strategies has contributed to the emergence of several of those which are learner-centered which are of great importance for teachers to benefit from in learning the basic skills and finding out the cognitive and strategic capabilities of their students in football.
As a teacher, practitioner, and trainer, and on the basis of previous related studies, the researcher has observed that some teachers are limited and restricted to the curriculum followed with the neglect of the individual differences among learners in a time which proved the existence of modern alternatives which are of great impact on enhancing learners' proficiency with the monitoring of the teacher who knows when and how to use new strategies within game situations. The current study aims at investigating the effect of problem-solving strategy in learning skills of passing and targeting in football. The study is experimental and the population is represented by fifth grade secondary students for the academic year (2021-2022), while the sample of the study includes 20 students. The researcher has conducted the pilot study, identified the required skills, applied the pre-tests, applied the problem-solving strategy, applied the post-tests and used the spss to calculate results. It has been revealed that the strategy has a positive impact on learning skills of passing and targeting

This study intends to investigate the effect of using learning exercises in learning targeting skill in handball. The sample assigned is 40 first intermediate male students( 20 experimental and 20 control). The researcher has used the experimental design pre-test-post-test in the study and after using the appropriate statistical methods, it has been found out that the performance of the experimental group is better than the control group which has used the standard method for the skill under study. Moreover, using these exercises has enhanced students' motivation towards learning representing a source of excitement, competition, entertainment and enjoyment. This study has recommended that the variables of the study must be applied on other samples of different ages and classes.

The research included four chapters, as the first chapter contained an introduction to the research and its importance. The researchers touched on the importance of psychological stress in the sports field in general and in football in particular, as well as focusing on goalkeepers who respond to penalty kicks and players who execute penalty kicks from the penalty mark. The research lies in knowing the pressures that team members are exposed to during the knockout matches that are decided by penalty kicks. As for the research objectives, the researchers summarized them by building and codifying the psychological stress scale on goalkeepers and football players during the execution of penalty kicks for the teams participating in the Iraq Cup soccer championship for the season 2020-2021. . The researchers used the descriptive approach by the survey method, and the researchers chose the research sample in a random way from players and guards from the clubs participating in the Iraq Cup soccer tournament, which numbered 160 goalkeepers and players from the total community sample, which was divided into a construction sample 100 goalkeepers, application sample 20 goalkeepers, poll sample 40 guards Goal, and the researchers built and standardized the psychological stress scale and applied it to the research sample. The researchers also used the SPSS statistical bag to get the results. In the fourth chapter, the researchers presented, analyzed and discussed the results. The researchers concluded1-There is high psychological pressure among football players and goalkeepers in the clubs participating in this tournament
2-The variation of football players and goalkeepers in the sample application of the scale in the degree of psychological stress, where the highest percentage of high pressures, followed by the ratio of medium pressures, followed by less than medium pressures, followed by the percentage of very high pressures, low pressures in the last order.
3-The psychological stress scale prepared by the researcher is able to detect the psychological pressures experienced by football players and goalkeepers participating in this tournament. Therefore, it was recommended to researchers to pay attention to the psychological aspect by coaches, as it is one of the basic requirements that affect sports achievement .

The aim of the research is build a sample for the biokinematics technical performance of the Iraqi-Asian champion with the weight of 85 the weightlifter ‘Safaa Rashed Al-Jumaily’ in the snatch. The two researchers used the descriptive method in the manner of survey studies for the relevance and nature of the research, and the research community was chosen by the deliberate method which represented by the weightlifter (Safaa Rashed Al Jumaily), who obtained the gold medal (weight category of 85 kg) in the 2018 Asian Games, some biokinematics variables of the weightlifter were studied and treated statistically, and through the results, they appeared to us that the weightlifter depends on reducing the deviations in the various stages of the snatch to achieve the appropriate relative heights.and the two researchers recommended for adopting the sample that emerged by the results of the research to evaluate the performance of weightlifters during the stages of the snatch lift.

The rapid and continuous progress of high sports levels led to the importance of specialization in a particular type of Imposition of search:
That there is a correlation between moral concern to the level of competition and the second transmission performance tennis.sports activities so as to the different requirements of each activity for the other, as to reach the highest possible levels of physical activity occurs only the development of all forces, physical and psychological individual as a single integrated stop this level many of the requirements, including the capabilities of the individual mental and physical skills and tactical and intellectual as well as the willingness of the individual and the ability to interact and integrate all of these capabilities to serve the sports activity
The research aims to:
To identify the relationship between competition anxiety and the performance level of the second serve in tennis. Conclusions:
1.The difficulty of competition and the importance of the race have a negative impact on the high level of anxiety among the players.
2.anxiety levels of three levels, a variation of higher anxiety, anxiety medium and low anxiety and anxiety decreases the more experienced players and the number of participating in tournaments.
3.Players who have a level of concern and sessile achieve good results of the second posting.

The research included five chapters, where the importance of the research was demonstrated in the role of fartlek exercises in the physical and functional adaptation of referees and their impact on raising the physical level of referees, as well as proving the importance of these exercises on referees as being more appropriate or not for their physical and functional performance during the match. As for the research problem, the football referees do not know which exercises are more consistent and have an impact on their physical and functional performance in order for the referee to be more adaptive to the match by shedding fartlek exercises on football referees.