JOURNAL OF ADMINISTRATION AND ECONOMICS

Research sought to determine the dimensions of the role of capital Customer strategies to enhance leadership in the national company for the manufacture of furniture in the province of Nineveh. As the dimensions of interest in the company's management of capital Customer and strategies of leadership contributes to enhance the level of products that the company can provide to customers as well as providing the possibility of superiority over competitors, survival and growth in the light of economic developments and growing rapidly. The limited studies on the relationship between these variables in the environment in the Iraqi border For the researchers, their research has implicitly present these variables in an attempt to study the relationship and influence between them. In general, try searching the answer to the question follows: What is the nature of the correlations between the dimensions and impact of capital Customer leadership and strategies for business organizations surveyed in the company?. The results indicate a set of conclusions, including: 1 / verify that there is a correlation between the dimensions of moral capital Customer and strategies of leadership in the company surveyed. 2 / check the existence of moral influence to keep the capital in Customer leadership strategies in the company surveyed. Depending on the conclusions reached by the researchers has provided a number of proposals consistent with these conclusions.

Research sought to identify Correlations and effect between The Requirements of total quality management of the Environment in Sustainable Deployment in the Company for Drugs Industries Medical Appliances in Nenevah.
To achieve this have been prepared scheme is includes the research variables, as well as the formulation of a number of hypotheses the main and branch, and tested through a number of statistical methods, and used the questionnaire as a single data collection and information from individuals respondents. And the limited studies on the relationship and influence between these variables in the Iraqi environment for researchers in the range, it may present their research within these variables in an attempt to study the relationship and influence between them. in general, try searching the answer to the question the following: what is the nature of the relationship correlations and effect between the requirements of total quality management and the environment sustainable development in the company researched?
The results indicate a set of conclusions, including: 1 - verify that there is a relationship of significance between the requirements of total quality management of the environment and sustainable development in the company researched? ,2 - Verify the existence of the effect is of significance to the requirements of total quality management to sustainable development in the company surveyed.
Depending on the conclusions of the research, we have provided a number of proposals are consistent with it.

The research aims at showing the contribution of the stockholder in achieving social responsibility of the organization, It tackles the problem of little interest in the social responsibility for the companies general and personal and mixed part , It depends on an analytical descriptive approach in testing hypotheses and it arrives at a group of empirical concussions and it introduces suggestions for the tested organization to be guided by it in its attempt to a quire the competitive advantage in the market through adoption for social responsibility .

The research aims to reveal the ground level of the capabilities of intelligence emotional and its relationship to patterns of behavior of social interaction in the Industries dyes modern, which is one of the companies of the industrial sector mixed in Baghdad, has used a form questionnaire as a tool to collect data and information from the research sample, which amounted to (25) Director, and analyzed their responses using coefficient of rank correlation of Spearman and the mean weighted, and produced results for the presence of a strong relationship between levels of the capabilities of intelligence emotional of the sample and the amount of margin space of social interaction format different, and the study provided a number of recommendations was the most important need to be concerned with the organization the subject of intelligence emotional, either by engaging leaders in sessions training for emotional intelligence or emotional promote culture and social organization at the level of individuals and cases are psychological, emotional and social interactions at the level of force (impact), competition, conflict, cooperation.

This research aims to build sustainable organizations by relying on intangible assets represented by human resources, which calls on business organizations today to strike a balance between economic, environmental, social requirements, and internal systems and processes to serve future generations. In order to achieve this, we will take a deep look at how to build sustainable organizations, from their inception from a primitive idea until they became a mature framework in the twenty-first century. We would also like to point out that the role of human resources in building sustainable organizations is the final result that researchers sought to reach through their current research, the content of which was interpreted in a sequential manner. We emphasize here that this is not the first attempt of its kind, but what gives it a modern flavor is the research’s inclusion of all variables that may come to mind for the interested reader, and what gives it added privacy is its treatment of the subject by creating a blend of advanced ideas from the most modern management schools in the world, but in the Arabic language, which represents a support for researchers interested in this sensitive and modern subject.

With the increasing pace of events and changes taking place in today's world in all areas of life, management is in the midst of this reality. It has been swept by developments that have taken broad and profound steps in thought and application, and transformed it from the aura of manufacturing to community production and entry into new markets, and changed the arrangements of its resources, so that human and cognitive capital became at the top of these resources, and created keys to success that are compatible with the requirements of the era, such as comprehensive quality management, knowledge management, electronic management, and organizational automation. It has become necessary for senior management to increase the rationalization of the use of resources through which a competitive advantage can be achieved for distinction and survival, especially since competitors have become more organized on the basis of re-realizing their competitive advantage through the ability to change, adapt, and organizational learning, and this is what re-engineering applications seek.

The research aims to provide a mechanism to clarify the application of quality assurance in educational institutions for accreditation. The research aims to identify the accreditation standards of the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business and Accounting. Focused on the importance of research to identify the concept of quality of education in educational institutions, stand on the problems facing higher education in the Arab world, as well as determine the availability of the ingredients required for the successful application of quality educational institutions. The Search rely on the descriptive approach to the appropriateness of the research topic and purpose. The research recommended the need to establish partnerships and strategic alliances with universities in the country developed, including position to get the necessary provision of international institutions, regional or local. Search also recommended the need to exchange experiences among Arab countries in the application of accreditation standards to take advantage of the successful Arab experiences.

The research aims to use operations research in administrative decision-making because of its importance in keeping pace with developments in the field of business strategies, information systems and knowledge management in the current century, as traditional methods of administrative decision-making are no longer useful after the emergence of modern trends in management that focus on the need to rely on quantitative methods such as operations research. The use of operations research has developed significantly in recent years and analysis methods in operations research have become tools for addressing many problems such as maximizing profits, reducing costs, and transportation problems. The research showed that the use of different operations research methods provides alternatives for the optimal decision-making process within management requirements.

this study aims to investigate the relationship between motivations and organizational loyalty of workers in the General Administration of Syrian Industrial Bank and find out the impact of demographic variables, represented by gender, academic qualifications, years of service, and training courses on motivations and organizational loyalty .
It was a way to follow the comprehensive survey on the society; the sample covered all the employees of the General Administration of Industrial Bank of Syria.
The study found a strong positive correlation between motivations and organizational loyalty which is statistically significant at the level of significance of 0.01, and show a significant impact statistically significant to the independent variable of motivations on the dependent variable which is the organizational loyalty, as well as there were statistically significant differences between the views of members of the research sample towards motivations and organizational loyalty attributable to the variables of sex, academic qualification and years of service, the level of significance values which were calculated for variables, were smaller than the tabular value (0.05), as well as the nonexistence of statistically significant differences between the views of members of the research sample towards motivations and organizational loyalty attributable to the training courses variable, the level of significance values which were calculated for variables, were larger than the tabular value (0.05).

The aim of this research is to show the way to the aggrieved person from a defect decision with callked a (Legitimacy defects ) that afflict his legal position or his wealth by knowing the methods to give back his right from the management by using a possible legal methods of ( administrative appeal ) from the specialized office :-
( administrative Jurisdiction ) that office control the defect of legitimacy of administrative decision
By :- amendment the decision or Cancel it to protect the employee rights and to safe the legal taxt .

The world today in an era of increasing competition as a result of various developments taking place in organizations today and the entry of the means of providing services in all areas, whether the wisdom of private, but these organizations have a personal distinction Organization for the other this character is a mix of values and attitudes that bind organizations, personnel values are behaviors and affect the realization of all that is executed, hence the problem of the study a set of thrills research the following:
1. What is the perception of administrative leadership for organizational values used?
2. Do you already have an actual mechanisms of the university towards the use of organizational values?
3. What is the contribution of organizational values in human resource development?
The data were collected using a questionnaire form that was distributed to the administrative leadership at the University of Mosul, and the use of SPSS software to address this data has been a collage of the following conclusions:
1. Organizational values are of great importance in the faculties of medical group (University of Mosul), and explains that the general pattern of tendencies and trends of individual respondents indicated this is what the arithmetic mean of this index and is the richest of the variable.
2. Alambhothon individuals agreed on the importance of the general index (human resource development) in the area of work, and this is illustrated by the results of the arithmetic mean for this indicator.
3. Found by testing correlations between variables of the study in the colleges examined, there is a significant positive correlation between the values of organizational human resource development in accordance with the correlation coefficient at the macro level, which refers to individuals Alambhothon enjoy a good level of this development.
4. The results of regression analysis that there is a relationship between the impact of organizational values and human resource development.
The study concluded with a set of proposals:
1. Work to alleviate the conflicts in the various functional levels and work to avoid them as much as possible by creating a spirit of dialogue aimed at building for any problem.
2. The need to employ the practical aspects (laboratories, computers, scientific analysis tools help) service for the theoretical frameworks and case Nhawwa indicates the interaction between them.
3. The idea of monitoring the work career and try to absorb the ambiguities of career personnel
4. Access to the same personnel and the discovery of the reactions to them, as well as knowledge of the negative impacts of triggers in them.

This paper discussion the idea witch focused on the deep and height increase in the tools, methods & process, that lead to provide facilities for mechanical organization which called business intelligent. In this time we must not forget rich organic that will rice from human thinking ability that insure organizational process and direct in through social capital and the necessary find coordinate compound to connect between variables and organizational true needs with unstable environment.

The research aims to indicate the extent of the contribution of quality management system ISO 9001: 2008 in improving the performance of the maintenance function in the organization surveyed, and included variables standard ISO 9001: 2008 five clauses the represented by (quality management system, management responsibility, resource management, product realization, measurement analysis and improvement), while the included variables performance the function of maintenance, performance indicators major maintenance (KPIs), these indicators are classified into two groups: the set of indicators advanced (Leading), and the last set of indicators (Lagging). The Search adopted on the hypothesis that "the quality management system ISO 9001: 2008 contribute actively to improve the performance of the maintenance function in the organization surveyed." The Search based mainly on the checklist (Checklist) to measure the extent of the application requirements of international standard as well as measuring the extent to which the organization surveyed used the maintenance key performance indicators. The research found a set of conclusions, including: the organization has achieved a great touch with the requirements of quality management system after applying the requirements of international standard. And the Search suggested the need to preserve the gains achieved by the application of quality management system and maintain the effectiveness of the quality system applied through continuous improvement .

This research aims at identifying the discipline punishment and its impact on the behavior of human element in the university of mosul in addition to the effect of a number of variables (personal and employment variables) such as (sex, social condition , family size, period of service, and the level of income.)The sample consists of the (100) employees (males &females) intentionally selected from all the colleges in the university of mosul .
A case study method applied study the files of the punished human element during the period between (1994-2003) the punishment included (simple notice, notice , salary cuts warning to draw attention, and expulsion), The data have processed statistically by using (Kay- square) and (t-test) the result of analysis showed that college administration use punishments differently on those who violate the regulation . and there are signification differences in punishment type according to personal and employment variables like (social condition, monthly income, and size of the family) such as shown no differences like (the period of service and sex ).depending on these results , The researchers proposed a number of suggestions .

The purpose of this research is to identify the importance of better use of applications polarization and selection in meeting the requirements of Total Quality Management. Polls were adopted as tools for obtaining data and the Department of Real Estate was the field of study. The ready statistical program was used in inputting and processing the studying data, the results crystallized a link and a moral effect between the better use of polarization applications and choice in what would participate in meeting requirements of total quality management . and reporter argument search the functional applications polarization and selection Intrusion one of the function that play role in reinforcement requirements of Total Quality Management , based on the results , the research recommended the necessity of increasing and activating human resource management in the research organization ,of the form that help on the the requirements of Total Quality Management .

This research tried to explain relation correlation and effect between total quality management and reengineering/ an investigation Study in the State Company for the north cement/ Badush cement plant /Nineveh/Iraq. The researcher sought to consider these changes in the content of this research in comprehensive in order to study the relation between them.
In general, this research tries to answer the Following questions:
1. Is there significant correlation relation between total quality management and reengineering?
2. Is there significant impact relation between total quality management and reengineering?
After all, the researcher has arrived at large of number conclusions such as:
- Significant correlation relation total quality management and reengineering.
- Significant effect relation between total quality management and reengineering.
According to the conclusions arrived at by this research, I presented number of suggestions compatible with these conclusions.

The current research aims to identify the contributions of some of the activities of a green supply chain (green Purchasing, green manufacturing, green marketing, green transport) in promoting the establishment of requirements for environmental management system ISO14001,. It is a series of processing green product of the continuous efforts by specialists in this area in order to invent new ways of working to preserving the environment surrounding the organization this side, the other hand, it seemed directed companies since the beginning of this decade to seek to obtain a standard 14001 (system environmental management) through the fulfillment of their requirements, which is a pledge of the company to work and diligently to preserve the surrounding environment and the production of environmentally friendly products. In general interviewing Find a number of questions related to the extent and existence of a clear vision of the managers in the company in question on the concept of supply chain green and activities and the concept of ISO14001: 2004. Was tested hypotheses by a set of statistical methods and through the program of statistical analysis SPSS was used questionnaire as a tool head for the collection of necessary data and information from a sample of research and research found to group conclusions, most notably the existence of a correlation significant between the activities of supply chain green and ISO14001: 2004, and depending on the conclusions were presented a set of proposals to serve the organization in question.

E-governance for local government refers to the delivery of national or local government information and services via the Internet or other digital means to citizens or businesses or other governmental agencies. E-governance facilitates provision of relevant government information in electronic form to the citizens in a timely manner; better service delivery to citizens; empowerment of the people through access to information without the bureaucracy; improved productivity and cost savings in doing business with suppliers and customers of government; and participation in public policy decision-making. E-Governance refers to how managers and supervisors utilize ICT and Internet to execute their functions of supervising, planning, organizing, coordinating, and staffing effectively under accountability, transparency and judge of law.

The importance of the role played by the interest rates in the national economy stems from the nature of using it as one tool of the used tools by the critical policy in achieving the objects that is targeting them, the change in the interest rates generating discrepancy reactions for the public including those (saving and investors) , also influence in distributing the available funds for investment for the most income projects through effecting in extent of utility of the same project.
Using the interest rates by the monetary policy stems from using them as a tool or an mediator or final object and due to nature of the system under which this monetary policy functioning.
The interest rates which was assigned administratively in Iraq before 2003 till the prime 2004 , now it has become buoyant and free and assigned within the context of the market powers, the monetary authority at that time used the interest rates as direct monetary tool restricted to cash and monetary imbalance in economy, the interest rates has characterized by prevalent stagnation and not talcing in to consideration the continuous increase in general level in prices that made the banking system infertile in attracting the local saving because of the existence of negative genuine interest rates , and after giving the central bank its independence in running its monetary tools to achieve its objectives according to its new law and after releasing the freedom of assigning interest rates for the market powers, the interest rates has become used as one of mediator tools or the functionary of monetary policy and path of monetary policy in implementing and achieving the final object began to pass-through the interest rates as mediator aim , this procedure has succeeded in implementation and achieving the monetary policy objectives such as limitation of inflation and to confront its increasing rates and to cause its decrease , also reaching to relative stability state in general level of prices , in addition to improvement of local currency value, the process of releasing the interest rates also led to generate positive genuine interest rates through going in line with increasing of general level of prices that enhance the increase in saving and attracting the funds from the commercial banks that leads to activate the banking system function which serve the Iraqi economy.

Human development is the pillar on which economic development is based because without it there is no sustainable development, and because the human element is one of the most important elements in economic and social development and human resources are the focus of the economic development process in all their races, and they are a real wealth for any nation. There are many countries with different levels of economic and social progress that care about human development because they consider the human being to be the goal, means and objective of the development process. This was confirmed by the Human Development Report of 1990, which focused on giving importance to the human element. This interest is important and must be developed in the aspects of education, training, rehabilitation, interest in health and nutrition, human rights and the environmental dimensions of society. This leads to an increase in the skills and competencies of the human element and experiences and its acquisition of knowledge, as well as an increase in job opportunities and a reduction in unemployment, redistribution of income, and the elimination of social backwardness. Many developing countries, including Iraq, have shown that human development is an essential factor and a foundation for building a healthy, prosperous and humane society that provides itself with all the elements of social welfare.

The oil sector in Iraq has been the lifeblood, the center of gravity, the catalyst and the main generator of economic and non-economic activities since the 1920s until the present time and into the foreseeable future, especially after the total amount of exported quantities of crude oil until the year 2011 reached more than 5 billion barrels, with revenues exceeding more than 350 billion dollars. When measuring indicators of countries' progress and prosperity, economic capabilities stand at the forefront of these indicators, so the process of managing the economy remains the focus of countries' success and development, and despite the change in the mechanism of managing the Iraqi economy after 2003 from management based on central planning towards the transition to a market economy, and with the recognition that it is an insufficient period for evaluation, its general features have not changed due to the presence of multiple objective and non-objective restrictions known to all, the general and main characteristic of the Iraqi economy has remained the feature of structural imbalances in the various economic sectors as a rentier economy in which the oil sector dominates the economy in providing public revenues by no less than 95% without any supporting alternative, in addition to the deterioration of the productivity of most, if not all, economic sectors, especially agricultural and industrial, and its experience of a state of stagflation. The question raised by the research is, how are oil revenues managed and the extent of their reflection on macroeconomic variables, most importantly financial and monetary variables, as they are the focus of all economic policies?

Political and economic stability is one of the most important factors affecting economic growth in all economic systems, regardless of their philosophy. This can be observed in developed countries that have made great strides towards achieving economic stability and prosperity for their people. At the level of Iraq, the new regime inherited a backward system that was reflected in the backwardness of its economic and social conditions due to wars, sieges and unstable policies that drained a lot of its material and human resources. Their impact was clearly evident on the segments of Iraqi society, which suffered from poverty, deprivation, unemployment and inflation, which became a major obstacle facing the Iraqi economy.

The environment is defined as the space in which a person lives, obtains material and social resources, and practices his relationships with others. It is known that the natural environment depends on three components: water, air, and land, which are considered basic conditions for the continuation of life. In order for a person to remain alive, he relied on natural resources, which in turn led to their conversion into manufactured materials and goods, which led to an increase in pollution rates in the quality of their elements, thus posing additional challenges to sustainable development and human well-being. Air, water, and soil pollution have become a threat to the lives of humans, animals, and plants in the living space in the world in general and Iraq in particular. Given the relationship between human well-being and the surrounding environmental factors, and based on the necessity of developing and exploiting natural resources in the best possible way, it is necessary to reconsider how to deal with the environment and develop sound planning to exploit its resources in a thoughtful manner, and that wasting or depleting them in the future is more dangerous to growth and sustainable development, and thus disrupting the ecosystem and the resulting negative effects on the living world.

The research aims to establish initial foundations for economic analysis by collecting a database of available data from various sources, and then evaluating the various economic conditions in Najaf Governorate on the agricultural level, animal production, food industries, and ways to finance such productive areas in the governorate.

In developing countries that are implementing economic adjustment policies, two contradictory points of view have emerged. The first is an extension of traditional development theses that emerged with the beginnings of the liberation movements from colonialism after World War II and explain the state of backwardness with theories of dependency and colonialism, which we find particularly in the literature of Marxist movements and nationalist and socialist parties. Their development solutions can be summarized in adopting central planning policies, while considering any call to implement a free capitalist economy as a retreat from the national approach and a return to colonialism. The second theses are represented by economic adjustment or adjustment policies, which are one of the mechanisms of globalization, which they consider the savior of their backward economies because, in short, they bring them closer to the application of automatic market laws, and thus the possibility of linking them to the global capitalist economy, which is what these theses seek. Global thought has been interested in the phenomenon of globalization, analyzing and interpreting its contents and concepts. What has been published about it during the nineties of the last century exceeds what has been written about other ideologies known in the past five decades. Thinkers have differed in understanding it and analyzing its dimensions. It is a multi-faceted phenomenon that may relate to the freedom of movement of goods, services, and factors of production, such as labor, capital, or technology, or to bringing the world closer together and transforming it into a global village in response to the communications revolution, as well as the emergence of global organizations and their control over national economies with the shrinking interventionist role of the state... Accordingly, its concept remains vague despite what has been written about it. Globalization advocates believe that it increases interdependence among the world's population and provides many opportunities for millions of people on the basis that it allows for increased rates of trade and exchange of new technology. It knows no barriers or restrictions and sweeps across all geographical and national borders. In contrast, reality indicates the existence of opportunities for further growth and risks of further marginalization. This contradiction has come about as a result of a system of capitalist institutions that spread and promote globalization, as well as divide its benefits at the global level.

This study deals with the subject of monitoring and evaluating the actual achievements made by construction sector projects in comparison to the planned development goals set within the five-year development plan 2010-2012, in order to conduct a mid-term evaluation and reconsider the priorities of investment projects in response to local, regional and international variables and circumstances, and to work on formulating modern strategic visions, messages and goals for the subsequent five-year plan 2013-2017.

The content of sustainable human development is based on the idea of ​​ensuring job opportunities for future generations, meaning fairness in distribution or sharing development opportunities between present and future generations. It is a development that not only generates economic growth, but also cares about distribution. It has also added another dimension to the concepts of human development and sustainable development, which is social capital, which is summarized as people's willingness to consciously commit to giving up some of their ambitions for the sake of current or future generations. Sustainable human development is concerned with sustainable agricultural development after the importance of the concept of agriculture was recognized. For the first time, programs and measures were developed to enhance food security in a sustainable manner. This means that sustainable agricultural and rural development, including forests and fisheries, must meet the nutritional and other human needs of present and future generations, provide sustainable and decent employment opportunities, maintain and enhance the productive and renewable capacities of the natural resource base wherever possible, reduce exposure to food shortages, and enhance self-reliance. The human development process in Iraq has collided with a food problem, as the Iraqi economy suffers from the problem of achieving food security, and the reason may be embodied in the environmental problems it suffers from, which in turn affected the agricultural sector and caused its inability to meet the nutritional requirements of society for agricultural products of both plant and animal types. This became clear through following the facts and information available about the reality of agricultural production, which determined the indicators of this problem in the low rate of self-sufficiency as a result of the low rate of food imports, the widening gap between exports and imports, and the increasing dependence on foreign imports, as well as the low calories per capita in Iraq.

The issue of sustainable development has occupied the attention of the entire world during the past fifteen years, and global summits and forums have been held for it. Sustainable development is no longer just an idea, but rather a basic requirement for achieving justice and fairness in distributing the fruits and gains of development and wealth among different generations of the world's peoples. Sustainable development refers to a wide range of issues, and it involves an integrated approach to managing the economy and the environment, and attention to human areas and institutional capacity. Decision-makers need information to move forward towards sustainable development, to enable them to know whether they are on the right path and to help them monitor the progress made towards sustainable development.[5] Achieving sustainable development does not only require focusing attention on economic growth, but also on social and environmental areas, which necessitates working to preserve natural resources and manage them to serve development. Any attempt to enhance sustainable development and reduce poverty must take into account providing a suitable natural environment, as the poor are the most dependent on the natural environment to meet their daily needs for food, health, livelihood and shelter. Accordingly, sustainable development is an important global facility and a link between the environment on the one hand and a central component of the globalization process on the other.

The reliability in the current era is a lot of researchers are to raise the level of quality and production and thus win the trust and good reputation of the product. And the fact that plant production of liquid batteries in Waziriya of the plants in the economy has important researcher used data for machines tracery of the plant (1) Department of tracery production lead-positive and the liquid to conduct a study on the reliability of these machines. That the assessment of reliability as a major impact if exploited in studies of design, operation and maintenance to provide the required production and quality desired.
Based on the foregoing the need to estimate reliability included in this research study, two forms of the comparison between the estimated values of reliability, namely: -
1 - Comparison between the estimated values of the reliability of the distribution (exponential with two parameters(θ)and(η))and the estimated values of the reliability (exponential with a single parameter(θ)).
2 - Comparison between two methods of estimation methods, where we choose in this study two methods of reliability estimation methods for estimating the reliability of the machines and know the best way that can be adopted in the estimate when both Distribution.

Management, in general, is a process of directing the progress of a social organization, regardless of its type. Management works with individuals and its affiliated devices. It is a process of directing human efforts to achieve the set goals. University management is considered a group of coordinated efforts made by a team of administrative workers, faculty members and technicians to achieve educational goals, as it directs expertise according to selected and specific models for the development and advancement of education. University college management has become a dynamic human process that aims to optimally use human and material resources to achieve the desired goals. It has become necessary for the manager in the present era to have the ability to understand the organization with all its components and relationships, as well as the ability to think organizationally to confront the problems that confront it. Thus, management's interests have become more comprehensive, as they include interest in (education, training, scientific experiments, technology employment, etc.) and the faculty member represents one of the main pillars in the university education process, along with the student and university administration at different levels. The university is an institution that seeks to achieve goals, the most important of which is building a good citizen who is considered a basic element on which the growth and development of society depends. The goals that society seeks to achieve through higher education institutions that operate within the scope of society, including colleges of management and economics, are greatly affected by the type of management and the type of its operations in planning, organizing, and coordinating between work units, following up and monitoring its operations, and directing employees to achieve the desired goals with the least effort and time and with the greatest efficiency and effectiveness.

In this research, the application of fuzzy logic in statistical quality control have been done by plotting fuzzy P chart depending on a suggested algorithm prepared for this purpose and applied that on data of (401) patients of laboratory tests about heart providing with blood (T.C., H.D.L, L.D.L, T.G.). The data distributed into (25) samples, each sample of (50) patients, each patients had four observations. The chart of the tests compound in one chart called Lab. Test. The results were compared with Shewart chart of P type for defective proportion (Lab. Test). The control limits was expanded to include standard limits (+36) and more accurate limits (+16, +26). The sensitivity of fuzzy P charts was compared with Lab. Test. The comparing results that fuzzy P chart have the same accuracy and sensitivity of classical P chart (Lab. Test) and the suitable control limits of this chart is (+26).

Mightily we refuge (resort) to the Non-Parametric test to success output about some problems, but this case still abstruse and need to illustration when the comparison between more than two samples, so behoove knowing which of these samples are significant different and which of them are not.
In this paper presentation to superior Non-Parametric test witch dealing with more than two samples, they are: The Kruskal-Wales One-Way Analysis of Variance by Rank & the Friedman Two-Way Analysis of Variance by Rank, and also to shed the light to multiple compare must be dune after testing, that is not only statistically but programming by depend on Macro in MINITAB System.

The prediction futurely of time series from the important topics in statistics sciences to assist administrations in the planning and make the accurate decisions, so this study dealing with prediction methods modern and it's models of artificial neural networks specifically multiple layers network where they adopted the algorithm to Back Propagation (BP) of the train several times and choose the lowest value of the error to get the best model to describe the data and were discussed also the prediction ways classical as models Box - Jenkins and analysis of multiple linear regression and reconcile several models and choose the best model for each method and may to be applied to these three methods on the factual data off monthly averages for the water incoming and absolute and measured in units of (m3/s) for some dams in Iraq and has comparison between the models estimated for these methods to find the most efficient method to the prediction according to measurements statistical where was found that neural networks give better results and more efficient for most of the time series for incoming and absolute dams

For many year, too many common mistakes has been noted in statistics analysis, for this reason a random sample has been taken of Master and PhD thesis from Administration and Economic College Library/Mosul university, for departments of Business Management, Industrial Management and Economic.
These mistakes are demonstrated and then we show how we can deal with these mistakes.

The aim of this paper is to use the cross-validation procedure by splitting the data into k subgroups, which one of them will be used as a test to the other group which construct the model. We use this procedure in gamma egression model when the response variable has gamma distribution. We conclude that from simulation that the value of k changes when the shape parameter also changes for different sample sizes.

We have studied different procedures for testing equality of fixed effects against the alternative that there are order restriction type , one way model for the score test , general score test and Likelihood Ratio test .Tows cases have been considered with know and unknown variances .To get the critical points, the simulation technique was used.

Defining a practical e-business infrastructure is an important issue for all parities who deals with electronic environment because e-business affects the quality if services presented for sellers and buyers.
Many works have been done trying to enhance the e-business infrastructure by splitting its work into levels or layers, yet most of those models had many limitations in the real world.
This paper presented a new enhanced e-business layered architecture with constraint on presenting a secured communication over the internet between the customer and merchant. By using CTAM algorithm, the proposed algorithm is more secure and flexible than original security algorithm.
Keywords: Customer Trusted Arbitrator Merchant (CTAM)
Introduction
E-business is a method of achieving marketing objectives by using electronic communication technology. While Marketing is the management process with multiple responsibilities like: identifying, anticipating, and satisfying customer requirements profitability (Chaffey, 2004). Generally, E-business contains multiple electronic processes as in figure (1).