Journal of Studies and Researches of Sport Education

Most people think that personal pressure is common in work in general and in sports in particular, especially for boxers. Personal pressures in the individual environment may be a widespread problem, but the individual environment is not the only cause of common personal stress. Stressful. Most people see their homes as a refuge from the madness of everyday life, but because of a variety of factors, personal life may become very stressful in ways that are hard to identify.A combination of personal, practical and environmental pressures may cause significant health and psychological problems unless the individual has the ability to overcome the greatest pressures that can occur. As these pressures generate significant and significant effects in all individual life variables, including self-management, The individual, especially the athlete, who does not know how to manage himself, we see him faltering in training or in contact with others, whether his colleagues in the club or in the community or with the coach or even with his family and this is a predictable and inevitable result of personal pressures that fluctuate and changeThe researcher studied and developed two measures to study the level of self-management and the level of personal pressure and knowledge of the relationship between them and the impact of personal pressure on self-management.The researchers used the descriptive method in the survey method, the interconnections and the normative studies, in order to suit the research objectives and the nature of the problem that is to be studied. The research society was chosen by the deliberate manner, and they are the advanced boxers in the Basra clubs. The number of (88) The indicators of honesty, consistency and objectivity were based on the results obtained, which showed multiple levels in the level of personal pressures of advanced boxers. Most of them were at a good level. Their defeat in the level of (average).

The importance of the research came to emphasize the importance of the methods of teaching methods and their role in the students ’learning of the gymnastic subject in the motor skills of the technical gymnastics for women as it helps the student to upgrade the skill side according to each type of these methods as well as showing us the most effective and important in transferring the correct information during performance.
The most important objectives of the research were:
Learn about the effect of the differential program method on learning some ground movements in your artistic gymnastics for women.
The most important conclusions were:
1-The differential method of learning some ground movements that achieved its goals in learning and the success of the teaching method used for some motor skills in the technical gymnastics for women.
2-Leaving the student's freedom to choose meaningful movements and differentiate between difficult and successful movements gives an indication of learning some motor skills in your artistic gymnastics for women.
And it was recommended:
1-Adopting the differential program method in learning some ground movements because it has achieved its goals in learning and the success of the teaching method used for some motor skills in the technical gymnastics for women.
2- Emphasizing leaving the student free to choose purposeful movements and differentiating between difficult and successful movements because they give an indication of learning some motor skills in your artistic gymnastics for women

The importance of research to emphasize the importance of motor learning methods and their role in the learning of students with the subject of gymnastics in the motor skills of artistic gymnastics for women, as it helps the student to upgrade the skill side according to each type of these methods as well as show us the most effective and important in the transfer of correct information during performance.
The objectives of the research were:
1-Recognize the effect of my style of direct and indirect learning in learning some motor skills in the artistic gymnastics for women.
It was concluded that:
1-My style of direct and indirect learning has achieved its goals in motor learning for some motor skills in the artistic gymnastics for women.
2-Direct learning method has important characteristics in the success of learning better than indirect learning method, as it increases the suspense and eliminates fear and anxiety in the early stages of learning, especially in learning some of the motor skills in the artistic gymnastics for women.
It was recommended that:
1-Adopt a method of direct and indirect learning as they have achieved their goals in motor learning for some motor skills in the artistic gymnastics for women.
2-emphasize in the use of direct learning method because of its important characteristics in the success of learning better than indirect learning method as it increases the suspense and eliminates fear and anxiety in the early stages of learning, especially in learning some of the motor skills in the artistic gymnastics for women.

The importance of the research is reflected in the delivery of correct scientific information to the coaches on how to train strength in the correct, appropriate and necessary direction in achieving the achievements of the basketball game, and here we may contribute to achieving high achievements in the basketball game for the advanced.
The most important objectives of the research were: To identify the effect of training mixed muscle contractions in developing the force characterized by speed and some offensive skills of basketball applicants.
The following was concluded: - The mixed muscle strength exercises helped effectively to develop the strength marked by speed and to develop into some basic offensive skills in basketball.
The most important recommendations were: - Adopting mixed muscle strength training in an effective manner to develop strength characterized by speed and basic offensive skills in basketball.

The research contained four sections, and the first part explained the importance of research and its problem which was centered on the weakness in the performance of tactical skills as a result of poor training on. The study aimed at preparing the exercises of quick attack handball and using it in the preparation of the players who are living, and to identify the effect of these exercises in the development of the level of skill performance in the research sample.
The researcher used in the second section: the experimental method with one group, and the sample of the research was represented by the players of the handball training center in Basra, numbering (18) players.
Some skill tests have been used to assess the level of skill performance.
After extracting the results using the statistical bag (spss), the researcher concluded:
There are moral differences between the tribal and dimension standards in favor of the dimensional test.
The exercises used have a positive effect in the development of the level of skill performance of the handball (junior category)
The researcher recommended the adoption of exercises used in the programs of preparing handball players for different age groups to raise the level of physical and skill

The research dealt with the importance of the effect of resistance training by style, stations in some biochemical variables, and the achievement of 100 msprints (students) through the identification of functional responses to body systems. The research aims to: Exposing the effect of using resistance training in the station method on some biochemical variables and achievement among students of the Faculty of Physical Education and , Detection of the differences between the two dimensional tests of the two experimental groups in the variables under study. As for the research community and its sample, the research community consists of the second stage students at the University of Sulaymaniyah for the academic year (2019-2020) and the number (88) is a student distributed among three Classes. As for the research sample, it included (14) students from (the distinguished) in an (100) sprint they were deliberately chosen from the research community, as the proposed program was applied to the sample members, and the research sample represents a percentage (14.7) of the research community. After processing and discussing the data, the researcher reached the following conclusions and recommendations: The training program helped to develop the biochemical variables represented by (CPK-LDH-LC-Ca) of the experimental group. The achievement level for (100m) sprint improved for the two experimental groups. No differences appeared in the level of LDH-Ca-Lc in the control group.

Physical education is an integral part of public education, so the physical education and sports lesson has become an effective medium for the detection of talents in order to choose them to support the sports movement in university sports institutions. It is an experimental field aimed at forming a decent individual in society, and that depends on the teacher's competence, experience and experience. Because selection is a continuous process of great importance, through which the best elements are chosen based on scientific foundations and principles, so the teacher should take care and care of the talented and direct them to the appropriate type of sport. This study aims to highlight and define the reality of the role played by physical education and sports teachers in selecting talents and directing them towards college teams in tennis, and the researchers used the descriptive approach to study this topic by relying on the questionnaire tool to test the validity of its hypotheses, which included three main axes. They were distributed to the faculty teachers at Salah al-Din University and their number reached (18) teachers, and the two researchers relied on the following statistical methods: (the law of percentages, to analyze the results in all questions, after calculating the number of occurrences of each of them, and to find out whether there are differences in the same answers Statistical significance, the two researchers used the chi square (Ka2), and after obtaining the statistical data and extracting the results, the two researchers reached a number of conclusions, including that the test is the most used method by teachers in the process of selecting young talents, and that the majority of professors and teachers use measurements and tests when choosing For talents, as well as taking into account the physical structure and the appropriate physical structure that suit the game as well as the skillful aspect, and that the organization of competitions in intercollegiate tennis is important in helping To select talents, because the student shows his abilities and skills greatly through intense competition during competitions, and based on these conclusions, the researchers recommend the necessity of highlighting the role of the teacher in the process of selecting and guiding gifted students, and this is through the establishment of rehabilitation programs and training and qualification of teachers, with regard to The method of selecting and revealing talented students is based on codified scientific foundations, providing an appropriate environment before the student selection process, as well as providing the appropriate capabilities and conditions so that the capabilities and energies of the potential talents can be exploited from an early age.

The search included five doors
As the importance of research was demonstrated on rehabilitating the iliac-tibial band injury by using physical exercises and the role of physiotherapy to find out the cause of the injury, making him take measures to prevent its occurrence and ensure his return to play in the shortest period of time and with full physical competence. The type of injury differs according to the type of sport, so individual games injuries differ from group games injuries also differ in men from women, as well as in direct friction games than in games without friction, and the higher the level and size of competition, the greater the possibility of injuries. Injuries vary according to the player's physical aptitude.

The means of rehabilitation using modern equipment, physical therapy devices are among the latest and fastest means of treating and rehabilitating sports injuries. Because it saves athletes from resorting to surgeries in most cases, such as thermal, electrical, water therapy and other physical therapy devices.

The importance of research is to improve the game of basketball for the better and raise the level of physical and skillful performance of the emerging basketball players, as they are the main basis for supporting national teams with basketball, in addition to conveying scientific information about the role of the training department and its importance in building educational training programs.
The research objectives were:
- Identify the impact of a proposed training program according to the small, one-top training circle, in developing the level of physical and offensive skills combined with basketball for juniors.
The most important conclusions were:
- The proposed training program according to the small one-top training department, one of the successful programs in raising the correct training load for the purpose of developing the level of physical and offensive skills combined with basketball for juniors.
It was recommended:
-Adopting the proposed training program according to the small, one-top training department of the successful programs, being important in raising the correct training load and for the purpose of developing the level of physical and offensive skill performance combined with basketball for juniors.

The importance of research was manifested in raising the scientific level in the game of basketball, especially the basic offensive skills, as well as communicating scientific information to the teacher and student about the importance of any successful and best teaching method in education, including the programmed teaching method of its two types (linear and differential), which has proven its success in some other team games.
The main objectives of the research were:
1- Recognizing the effect of the two programmed teaching methods (linear and differential) in learning some basic offensive skills in basketball for secondary school students aged (12-14).
The most important conclusions were:Programmed instruction according to the two teaching methods (linear and differential) is of great importance in learning some basic offensive skills in basketball for secondary school students aged (12-14)
It was recommended: Adopting the teaching method of programmed education according to the two teaching methods (linear and differential) within the curriculum of the physical education lesson in teaching some basic offensive skills in basketball for secondary school students aged (12-14)

The importance of the research is to achieve the high achievements of the 100-meter runners through the use of correct and purposeful training, especially training that relies on high resistance, for the purpose of building muscle strength that is characterized by speed and cutting the specified distances with maximum speed and achieving records.
The research objectives were:
1- Setting the maximum speed training under the cases of increasing the external resistance at the level of the starting speed and achievement in the event of the 100 meters sprint.
2-Identify the effect of top speed training under cases of increased external resistance on the level of the cruising speed and achievement in the effectiveness of the 100-meter sprint.
The most important conclusions were: Training the top speed under cases of increased external resistance has an effect on the level of the cruising speed and achievement in the effectiveness of the 100-meter sprint.
It was recommended to: Adopt top speed training under cases of increased external resistance because of its impact on the level of the launch speed and achievement in the effectiveness of the 100-meter sprint.

Creative leadership is that leadership practice that relies on achieving the highest standards of quality and professional performance using qualifications, skills and experiences to achieve strategic goals within the business circles within his organization and overcoming problems and difficulties, and highlights the importance of research in identifying the correlation between creative leadership and the effectiveness of performing technical administrative work for clubs Sports in IraqThe research problem lies in the importance of studying the administrative aspects and technical activities of clubs, and identifying the application of the most important procedures followed by administrative bodies in organizing their work and creating the appropriate conditions that facilitate technical and administrative work in an appropriate and ideal climate and the aim of the research is to identify the reality of creative leadership and evaluate the performance of administrative work and activities Technical Clubs in Baghdad Governorate, learn about the relationship between the level of creative leadership and evaluate the performance of administrative work and the technical activities of sports clubs in Baghdad Governorate from the viewpoint of its members The researchers used the descriptive method in the survey method to suit the nature of the study on the members of the administrative bodies of sports clubs in Iraq. The researchers concluded that there is a positive correlation between creative leadership and evaluation of the performance of administrative work and technical activities of sports clubs in Baghdad Governorate, and the ability to predict the effectiveness of administrative work performance and technical activities of sports clubs in terms of Creative leadership among members of administrative bodies of sports clubs, and researchers recommend the need to apply standards of creative leadership and evaluate the effectiveness of administrative work performance and technical activities of sports clubs for members of sports clubs by the Ministry of Youth and Sports to assess the work of sports clubs in Iraq

The current research aims to identify the effect of using the flipped classroom strategy on the mental capacity of the third stage students in the Department of Educational and Psychological Sciences in the College of Education for Girls, where the sample consisted of (97) students of the third stage, and they were divided randomly into two groups. The experimental group consisted of ( 30) and Control (30) and the researcher conducted equivalence for chronological age and mental capacity, and the researcher used the mental capacity test (Ithar Abdul Mohsen Al-Mayahi)
The research objectives were:
1- Identifying the effect of the flipped classroom strategy on developing the mental capacity of the third stage students in the College of Education for Girls.
The researcher provided the students of the experimental group with videos and audio clips to explain the vocabulary of the teaching methods material in order for the student to study it at home and understand the material through it. As for the control group, it studied in the traditional way and at the end of the research, a post-test of mental capacity was done on the two groups, and the results were collected and analyzed statistically. to me:
- The existence of statistically significant differences between the experimental and control group in the variable of mental capacity in favor of the experimental group.
1-The most important conclusions: Teaching by using the flipped classroom strategy and the various educational activities that it contains gave the student a positive role in the educational process, and it harmonized with the students ’preferences and the nature of the subject, and a state of competition and enthusiasm was generated among the students, which led to an increase in class interaction.
2-The most important recommendations: Establish training programs and workshops to train faculty members on how to use modern strategies and not be limited to teaching methods that depend on memorization and indoctrination.

The strength of the muscles of the limbs of the hand (fingers, wrist) has a great effect, especially during scoring, because whenever the muscles of the limbs are of high strength, the performance of the wrapped scoring skill is effective and achieves the desired result, especially these muscles of the type of fine muscles, and that its strength has a direct impact on the scoring process and its weakness It places a great burden on the player’s physical and psychological capabilities represented by turning into a feeling that he is unable to perform games, so the researchers saw better scientific solutions for them through the use of special exercises to strengthen the fine muscles so that the player can perform the scoring skill with high strength and achieving a positive result. The researchers used the experimental method to suit the nature of the problem, and the researchers also conducted field tests for youth teams in Amara Governorate in order to diagnose players who suffer from weakness in the fine muscles. From the results of those tests, a number of players (11) players from the international youth class representing the research sample is out of (17) for the player who represents the research community. The desired results have been achieved from the research, and the researchers concluded from the precise reversals a great impact on the performance of the hand-wrapped scoring as well as the assistive exercises have great effectiveness in developing the strength of the fine muscles of the wrist and fingers muscles. They recommended conducting research based on other activities that use fine muscles in some of their skills, such as (some table tennis skills).

The comunicationisone the best way to exchange information the purpose of this study was to identify the type of communication among teachers of collegofphysical education their studenhs.thestudy used survey design subjects were (65)teachers (20fm.,45m.) And 204 students (131f.,173m.)students represented the second the second , third, and rourth year of study . the study used( cmmenecation type scale) (Adel y.geneima) this scal content ten questions and every question has three scales. Result showed that the audio tory type is the pomenent type Among the teachers and students.the same result didn’t showed differences between teachers and students in the type.

The importance of the study appeared in establishing a scientific and objective indicator that determines the extent of the contribution of the most important physical and mental abilities to the results of the ground tennis match, as the study aimed to identify the relationship between the most important physical and mental capabilities in the results of the tennis match, as well as to identify the percentage of the most important physical and mental abilities in the outcome of the match. Achieving the objectives of the research The researcher used the descriptive approach in the survey method and correlational relations, and the physical and mental tests of the candidate were applied after verifying their validity on the research sample represented by the players of the national tennis team. Its effectiveness in the results of the match.

The importance of this study is a scientific introduction and a new addition that provides a (private) evaluation tool to replace the (general) subjective and random methods. This matter necessitated conducting a study on football players for open stadiums and halls, through building reliable criteria for marking points Their strengths and weaknesses, and present them as a rehabilitative tool (diagnostic - indicative) up to the deduction of (an evaluation model) in light of the standard levels to determine the truth of their physiological indicators (anaerobic ability). As for the research problem, this study sought to answer the following question * Can standard levels be set It can provide us with an evaluation method on the basis of which football players (open stadiums, futsal) who are (16-17) years old are judged in terms of their anaerobic capabilities. Where the study aimed to identify the anaerobic capacity according to the (Margaria) test enjoyed by football players (open playgrounds, gyms) who are (16-17) years old, in Diwaniyah Sports Club, as well as setting the standards and standard levels for the anaerobic capacity index according to the test ( Margaria) for football players (open stadiums, halls) who are (16-17) years old in the Diwaniyah Sports Club. In preparation for their objective evaluation, the researcher used the descriptive approach - the study of standard rates and comparison studies - to suit the nature of the research and its objectives. The researcher chose From the research community of (60) players, a sample of (36) players by (24) football players for open courts (12) soccer players for halls, and after presenting and discussing the results, the researcher concluded that the test criteria used in the research represent a reliable evaluation and interpretation method in A level evaluation for open stadium soccer players and gymnasium football players, by comparing the player's level with his peers from the players. And the levels achieved do not coincide with what is supposed to be for the two research samples (football players for open stadiums and soccer players for halls) in the anaerobic capacity, according to (Margaria) news. In light of the findings, the researcher recommended that it is very necessary to use objective methods in the evaluation process, in any studies and research related to this matter, to benefit from the results of this study, in particular the standards and their levels, by circulating them to sports clubs in Iraq.

The current research investigates the effect of combinational exercises on the development of compatibility between the nervous and muscular systems and its impact on the actual performance during the match as well as the proper motor expectation time, the movement of the ball, and the motor transport of the body parts of the hand ball goalkeepers as any stops in the parts of the body lead to loss of speed and strength and negatively affect the performance skill and the acceleration of the rate of the body through the range of motion. Therefore, the study aims at preparing combinational exercises and identify the effect of combinational exercises for developing handball goalkeepers as well as identify the differences between them method adopted by the coach and the combinational exercises from the researchers.
The researchers used the experimental method of two (control and experimental) groups for its suitability in solving the research problem. The (10) subjects have been selected from the goalkeepers of Sulaymaniyah Club and Sirwan Sports Clubs. Moreover, the researcher used appropriate means, hardware and tools; he also used Vienne International Sport System which is found in evaluating, diagnosing, and measuring the predicted ball time and the predicted movement of the ball. The method has been applied by means of exercises at the beginning of the main section of the unit, (3) training units (8) weeks. For the purpose of processing the results, the researcher used SPSS.
The study concludes that the combinational exercises have the positive effect on developing the hand ball goalkeepers' ball time prediction, and ball movement. Moreover, the combinational exercises have positive effects on developing the goalkeepers. Finally, the abilities of the ball time prediction and its movement for the control group was below the standard compared with the experimental group

The aim of the research is to increase the activity from the required level on an ongoing basis. The educational institutions represented at home and in the school endeavor to help the student achieve the proper growth of his personality in the various physical, psychological and social fields, A healthy growth in the child's behavior can be seen when he or she can adapt to the other. The more parents and teachers understand the child's physical, mental, emotional and social development characteristics, In their successive stages of growth. Therefore, it was necessary to identify the elements of excessive motor activity to be diagnosed and make recommendations to alleviate it as much as possible, especially that the negative conditions experienced by our children at present to emphasize the need to identify this type of behavior and then directed and treated and this is what the current research aims at.

The importance of research lies in improving the level of skills development for tennis players in order to stabilize his true and appropriate level in achieving sporting achievements and tournaments.
As well as explaining the role and importance of the mental and psychological aspect in learning and training to perform skills in traumatic tennis, due to their difficulty and depend on the individual's abilities in performance during competition.
The research objectives were:
1- Preparing mixed mental visualization and mental relaxation exercises in developing some basic skills in tennis.
2- Recognizing the effect of mixed mental visualization and mental relaxation exercises on developing some basic skills in tennis.
The most important conclusions were:
1- Relaxation and mental visualization exercises have had an effective role in developing the skills performance of tennis players.
2- Relaxation helps remove fear and anxiety in execution and reduces fatigue in specific repetitions of performance. This is what helped in the correct skill performance of tennis beginners.
3- Mind visualization is a powerful tool that can be used to improve anything and everything that you do. When you exercise mentally, you will be able to develop skill performance in tennis.
It was recommended: The necessity of adopting relaxation exercises and mental visualization because of their effective role in developing the skills performance of tennis beginners.

The main problem is the injuries of muscles for swordsmen ,and The most common problem is the tear of the wrist joint , especially during attack and defense against a competitor, which changes the course of the kinetic range of the blade and causes injury to the wrist blade ,wheelchair fencing also requires precise techniques in performing distinctive movements that require strength ,speed and flexibility in which muscle injuries may occur. The research wants to study this problem and resolve it swordsmen on wheelchairs are disabled , and research aims to identify the impact of the rehabilitation program using physical therapy methods and exercises used to rehabilitate the wrist joint ,and prepare a rehabilitation program for fencing players on wheelchairs using physical therapy methods to rehabilitate the wrist joint , a sample of the research was in an intentional manner from the swordsmen who have injuries to the( wrist ) , where the number of (4) injured swordsmen and injuries were diagnosed by the treating doctor and specialist in physical therapy and rehabilitation , the research said that the rehabilitation program had a positive effect on regaining motor range and had a positive effect on shortening time and effort . the research recommended using exercises qualification of swordsmen to maintain wrist motor range .swordsmen also recommended period of rest and not training until full recovery to avoid repeat injury.

There is no doubt that scientific progress is taking place in the field of education and learning in physical education and sports sciences,education is converting the facts of science into act and behavior.The choice of learning method is extremely important to achieve learning in record time.The research deals with the study of one of the educational methods that give the learner an active role in the learning process.The study aimed to identify the effectiveness of reciprocal learning by using assistant tools in the development of dribble and jump shoot in basketball,and the average of development in these two skills.The researcher used the experimental approach for two groups, experimental and control,the sample was young basketball players,the tests were conducted for reliability and validity,the results were statistically processedafter viewing and discussing it. One of the most important conclusions of the research was that mutual learning had a clear effect on developing the skills of dribbling and jump shooting in basketball,In addition to providing necessary knowledge and information to learners.

Weightlifting sports are of interest to many people and have followers from different categories as they show the human potential to overcome resistors that reach large weights. Scientists have sought to develop these abilities by applying mechanical foundations during motor performance to lift the weight.The importance of research in subjugation of the research sample to evaluate in order to determine their true level in the dynamics of performance and the distribution of forces during the stages of clouds in the high kidnapping, so that coaches can diagnose the strengths and weaknesses and thus overcome the weakness and strengthen the strengths, which benefit the Rbayna and improve their levels and achieve better achievements.The problem of research was the lack of sports teams from the availability of information on the real levels is an important factor and the evaluation process is one of the means that contribute to provide the trainers with information on the possibilities of four.The study aimed to assess the economy effort through the dynamic index of the stages of clouds in the abduction of the heroes of Iraq.The researchers used the descriptive method in the survey method as the most appropriate way to solve the research problem. The sample consisted of 4 quadrants weighing 94 kg and 3 quarters weight of 105 kg. The results showed that the dynamics in the drawing stages gave a arc-shaped path at a weight of 94 kg, giving a good dynamic.

The research problem centered on the inability of most coaches of youth groups to choose appropriate training methods to develop the functional, physical and skill aspects of youth players. The researcher used the experimental approach in his research as he designed two training approaches that included the first training program on complex exercises within the anaerobic phosphogenic energy system (non The lactic) and the second (lactic) energy system, while the second training program included the free (competitive) playing style and then learning about their impact on the vital capacity and special endurance of young football players. The researcher chose his research sample from the Golan and Fallujah clubs, as the first experimental group represented by the club was applied. The Golan is the first program that includes compound exercises according to the low, medium and high intensity interval method, while the second experimental group, which was represented by the Fallujah club, implemented the second program, which includes the free play program (competitive) in a half-stadium, and the results showed the development of target variables for both groups in general as well as a preference. In the results of the first experimental group on the results of the group T. The second experiment in the variables of vital capacity and special endurance, the two researchers concluded that the first program was more effective than the second program (free play).

The importance of the research was manifested in the ways of one of the important psychological aspects, in which handball players are diagnosed, to identify the importance of this aspect, as it has a major role in achieving the best results during the matches. Skill performance and the accuracy of basic skills performance in handball, and this fluctuation has an impact on the skill performance during matches. The two objectives of the research were, first, to identify self-confidence and the accuracy of performing the basic skills of handball, and secondly to identify the relationship of self-confidence and the accuracy of basic skills.
As for the research hypothesis, there is a statistically significant relationship between self-confidence and the accuracy of performing basic handball skills
The most important conclusions
1-There is a correlation relationship between the level of self-confidence, the accuracy of shooting and the stability of handball among Al-Baladiyat Sports Club players in handball.
2-There is a correlative relationship between the level of self-confidence and the accuracy of shooting from deception in handball among the players of the Municipal Sports Club in handball.
3- There is a correlation between the level of self-confidence and the speed of dribbling in handball among the players of the Municipal Sports Club in handball.
As for the importance of the recommendations, it was
1- The necessity of paying attention to the development of psychological features because of their importance in developing the basic skills of handball players.
2-The need to pay attention to the development of basic skills for their importance in developing the level of performance of handball players.
3-Ensuring that the training and educational programs include psychological features because of their role in raising the level of performance of the players.

The study aimed to build and apply a scale to reveal the level of knowledge among students of the fourth stage in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Basra for the academic year 2018-2019. It also includes the following areas of research 1- The human field: students of the fourth stage of morning and evening studies at the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Basra for the academic year 2018-2019.
2- The spatial domain: the temporal domain: the study and sports hall in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Basra for the academic year 2018-2019. 3- Time range: from 10/11/2018 to 1/4/2019. The researcher used the descriptive approach in the survey method to address the research problem and represented the research complex by the students of the fourth stage of the morning and evening studies, totaling (213) students. (85) students were selected for the research sample and divided into three sections Between the initial application sample of the scale for (5) students, (50) for the construction sample, and (30) for the final application sample of the scale The scale was built on the scientific foundations for building and codifying the scales The researcher reached a number of conclusions, including: 1- The scale designed by the researcher is a tool to reveal the cognitive level of students of the fourth stage in the game of volleyball in physical education and sports sciences at the University of Basra for the academic year 2018-2019 The researcher recommended the adoption of the cognitive scale designed as a tool to measure the cognitive level of students of the fourth stage in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Basra for the game of volleyball for the academic year 2018-2019.

The research included five chapters, where the first chapter included the introduction and the importance of the research, where the researcher touched on the importance of the volleyball game and the duties of each of its players and his responsibility for the area covered During play, whether in the stage of receiving the serve, defending the field, or covering the attacking player The problem also included the lack of studies examining the correlational relationships between adaptive ability and some mental abilities The objectives also included identifying the level of combinatorial ability, identifying the level of some mental abilities, and identifying the relationship between the level of harmonic ability and some mental abilities of the Bahri Club youth players, according to the different playing centers. The second chapter also included theoretical studies, which included what is related to mental processes The third chapter also included the methodology of the research and its field procedures The sample included all the research community. The fourth chapter included presentation and discussion of the results. The fifth chapter included conclusions and recommendations, and the most important conclusions were 1- The players who are in the libro specialization are distinguished in the color perception test in blue, yellow and violet2- In the color perception rate test, there are no differences between the players of the different positions because the value taken is the average of the seven perceptions, and if the comparison was made between each color with each trait, it would be better in the study conclusions 3- There were differences in the color perception among volleyball players, especially for blue, yellow and violet
The most important recommendations were 1- It is necessary to conduct correlational relationships between mental processes, physical traits and motor abilities for the purpose of identifying homogeneity and integration between them 2- It is preferable to make comparisons between young, junior and advanced players for the same method of research from tests of mental operations 3- Conducting studies on some players in other team games such as football, basketball and handball, and making comparisons with each other in addition to volleyball player

The importance of research is evidenced by the advancement of the game of football through the upgrading and development of the speed of skill performance in addition to working with the youth group is an important factor in their advancement towards the better in order to raise their level and support them for the advanced national teams.
The most important objectives of the research were:
1-Preparing the method of controlling the degrees of training load proposed in developing the speed of the complex attacking skill performance of young soccer players.
The most important conclusions were:
1-The method of controlling the degrees of training load proposed for them and the effect on developing the speed of the combined offensive skill performance of young soccer players
2-The use of codifying exercises and repeating them in a scientific way helps to develop the speed of the complex attacking skill performance of young soccer players.
It was recommended:
1- Adopting the proposed training load control method for them and its effect on developing the complex attacking skill performance of young soccer players.
2-The necessity of using codifying exercises and repeating them in a scientific way that helps develop the speed of the complex attacking skill performance of young soccer players.

The research aims to evaluate the content of the volleyballnsubject through the evaluation perspectives of the students, and for this, anquestionnaire was prepared through social media platforms using the (Classroom) program. The research community was distributed into three groups (construction, application and exploratory). Finding the scientific parameters (truthfulness,consistency,and objectivity) for the questionnaire. The validity of the arbitrators and the discriminatory power were also adopted. The triple weight was adopted (achieved - to some extent - not achieved). The answers were treated by extracting (weighted mean and percentage weight). The conclusions show that the content needs to be reviewed to keep up with the updates in The field of the game, its law, and the trend in adopting modern developments in providing educational material on volleyball

The importance of the research lies in the formation of a predictive function in which the decision-makers of football in Iraq can be predicted in terms of legal knowledge and emotional intelligence, which contributes to the development of the football game and as a means adopted by the Iraqi Football Association's referees' committee to select and select referees.
The problem of research was crystallized in the light of the many mistakes committed by the referees in the Iraqi league in terms of discrimination and make the right decision for each error, which determines the degree of evaluation of their technical performance, which is reflected on the results of matches, all these reasons prompted the researchers to generate the idea of study In an attempt to find a scientific method for selecting and selecting rulers through the development of a predictive equation in which decision-making can be predicted by rulers in terms of legal knowledge and emotional intelligence.
The study aimed to identify the percentage of contribution (emotional intelligence and legal knowledge) in the decision-making, and the relationship between (emotional intelligence and legal knowledge) decision-making by the rulers of the first degree of football in Iraq, and devising a predictive equation for decision-making in terms of emotional intelligence and legal knowledge.
The researchers concluded that there was a statistically significant correlation between emotional intelligence and legal knowledge in decision-making by referees, predictability of decision-making in the level of Iraq's top footballers and recommending predictive equation.

The importance of the research was manifested in raising the scientific level, especially the basic offensive skills in basketball and raising self-confidence through the application of educational mental exercises accompanying the skill performance, as well as the delivery of scientific information about the importance of educational mental exercises in basketball for the purpose of learning the basic skills of basketball for the better. 1 - Recognizing the effect of mental educational exercises in raising self-confidence and learning some basic basketball skills for beginners. The conclusion was: 1- The educational mental exercises helped raise self-confidence and learned some basic skills of basketball for beginners. The recommendation was: 1- Adopting the educational mental exercises that helped raise self-confidence and learning some basic skills of basketball for beginners.

hadafat aldirasat 'iilaa tasnif 'afrad eayinat albahth wfqaan limustawayat tajhiz almaeluma t waltaearuf ealaa darajat altafkir alraghbii wa'ada' mharat altahdif min althibat waltahdif alsilmii bukrat alsalat ladaa eayinat albahth
waltaearuf ealaa alealaqat bayn altafkir alraghbii wa'ada' mharat altahdif min althibat waltahdif alsilmii bukrat alsalat wfqaan limustawayat tajhiz almaelumat waltaearuf ealaa alfuruq fi altafkir alraghbii wa'ada' mharat altahdif min althibat waltahdif alsilmii bukrat alsalat wfqaan limustawayat tajhiz almaelumat 'iimaa fard albahth tujad ealaqatan dhat dalalat 'iihsayiyat bayn altafkir alraghbii wa'ada' mharat altahdif min althibat waltahdif alsilmii wfqaan limustawayat tajhiz almaelumat watujad ealaqat dhat dalalat 'iihsayiyat fi altafkir alraghbii wa'ada' mharat altahdif min althibat waltahdif alsilmii wfqaan limustawayat tajhiz almaelumat. waqad aistakhdamata albahithatan almunahaj alwasafaya bi'uslub alealaqat alairtibatiih ealaa eaynuh min 30 talibatan min talibat almarhalat al'uwlaa fi kuliyat altarbiat albadaniat waeulum alriyadat lilbnat/jamieat baghdad waqad 'ajrat altafkir alraghbiu wamiqyas mustawayat tajhiz almaelumat ealaa eayinat altajribat alrayiysiat fadlaan ean 'iijra' aikhtibar altahdif min althibat waltahdif alsilmii baedaha austukhdimat albahithat alwasayil alaihsayiyat almulayimat li'astikhraj alnatayij waealaa daw' alnatayij tawasalat albahithat 'iilaa eadad min alaistintajat kan min 'ahamiha hunak ealaqat airtibat maenawiat bayn alttalibat allwatyi yamtalikin mustawayat tajhiz almaelumat waltafkir alraghbii wahunak ealaqat airtibat maenawiat bayn alttalibat allwatyi yamtalikin mustawayat jayidatan min tajhiz almaelumat wamuharati altahdif alththabit walsilmii bukrat alsalat wahunak furuq maenawiat bayn alttalibat allwatyi yamtalikin tafkir raghbi wamaharat altahdif min alththabit waltahdif alsilmii bukrat alsalat wamin khilal alaistintajat tusi albahithat bialkashf ealaa almutaealimin wamaerifat mustawayat tajhiz almaelumat ladayhim fi bidayat kl mawsim taelimiin walkashf ealaa almutaealimin wamaerifat nawe altafkir alkhasi bihim
There is a moral correlation between female students who have good levels of information processing and the skills of static and peaceful scoring in basketball, and there are significant differences between students who have desirable thinking and the skill of scoring from constant

The research aims to develop a proposed plan to develop the administrative performance of the employees of sports clubs. The researcher used the descriptive approach in the survey method, due to its suitability to the nature of the research. The researcher chose a random sample of (340) employees from clubs (Al-Diwaniyah - Al-Rafidain - Al-Ittifaq - Al-Najma - Al-Bdeir) The Intifada - Aziz Iraq - Afak - Hamza - Al-Yaqdah - Ghamas - Al-Mahanawiyah - Sunni - Shamiya - Al-Daghara - Sumer). The total sample, and from outside the basic sample, the basic study sample: consisting of (300) individuals for the purpose of applying 88.24% of the total sample), and the researcher designed a questionnaire that included four axes: (the objectives of the proposed plan to develop the administrative performance of employees in sports clubs, performance Administrative performance of sports club employees, factors affecting the development of administrative performance of sports club employees, methods and methods of evaluating administrative performance for sports club employees, and one of the most important conclusions (raising the level of global performance By updating their information through training courses, the ability of workers to adapt to changes and emergency conditions to implement orders and instructions accurately, the absence of a fair appreciation from the higher management of sports club workers(

The importance of the research: The mathematical field is one of the fields in which learning is included as a basic and important element. This is due to the fact that these movements are relatively difficult movements and require accuracy in learning and a strong observation of weaknesses that cause skill performance failure. As for the goals, they are designing a questionnaire that prefers sensory modeling to learn motor skills in gymnastics and building an educational program to teach movement in line with the types of sensory modeling of the experimental groups. The three in teaching the skill movements under study and the development of some harmonic abilities of the members of the research sample.
The third semester, the researcher used the experimental method with three experimental groups and a control group, who are the third stage students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - University of Basra for the academic year 2020-2021 AD, and (8) students were selected for each experimental group who were chosen according to the sensory modeling they desire. The researcher conducted the pre-tests for skill tests and motor abilities after giving two identification units, while the post tests for motor skills were done after the completion of the program, and the researcher concluded that the proposed educational program was effective

The goal of the paper is to:
1-Identify administrative ethics of physical education teachers in the center of Nineveh Governorate.
1- Identify varying administrative ethics of physical education teachers in relation to age, years of employment and educational degree.
A descriptive approach has been used for this study. The study subjects comprised of 136 physical education teachers (B.A., Masters and Ph.D. holders) from the center of Nineveh governorate. In regards to date collection, Al-Kawwaz 2004 questionnaire was used. The questionnaire was verified and validated for authenticity and credibility. Data analysis was conducted by means of theoretical range and contrast analysis as well as testing the value of Least Significant Difference (LSD).
In light of these goals and analyses, the researchers arrived at the following conclusions:
1- Physical education teachers in the center of Nineveh Governorate enjoy a considerably high level of administrative ethics.
2- Physical education teachers in the center of Nineveh governorate show varying degrees of administrative ethics and morals based on age, years of service. However, the educational background (degree) did not seem to impact difference in morals and ethics.
Thus, the researchers recommend the following:
1-Raise awareness among physical education teachers in the center of Nineveh governorate in area of administrative ethics through publications that target such awareness.
2-Hold training workshops that promote administrative ethics in schools as well as seeking assistance from experts in the area of administration.

The research aims to:
* Building the Pareidolia scale for students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Mosul.
* Setting standard levels for students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Mosul on the Pareidolia scale.
The researchers use the descriptive survey method.
The research community consists of the students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Mosul for the academic year (2019-2020), and their number is (740) male and female students.
The Pareidolia scale , which will be prepared by researchers as a tool for data collection, is used, as well as the following tools (questionnaire, interview, building measurement tool) and construction procedures will include: determining the dimensions of the scale, defining the method of formulating the scale items, formulating the items of each dimension in its initial form, as well as on the adoption of scientific steps and procedures in constructing the scale, including the apparent validity of the scale, content validity, and construction validity represented (by statistical analysis of the paragraphs) in the two methods of the two opposite groups and internal consistency ( Carl Pearson), Pearson's simple correlation coefficient, t-test, percentage and standard score.

Which raised the researcher’s assumption about the existence of statistically significant differences in one experimental group in the dimensional measurements in the level of special physical abilities and skill performances of the skill of running with the ball in the football under study in favor of the dimensional measurement. Between the results of the pre and post measurement of the research, in order to suit the nature, procedures, objectives and hypotheses of the research. The training program was applied to the study samples, and the research sample included 30 soccer players (under 16 years old). They represent the Smouha Club and the Faculty of Physical Education for Boys, Alexandria University. Poll studies were conducted on 12 young people representing Smouha Club. Where the exploratory study on the scientific standards of the tests was conducted on 20 young people. They were divided into two groups, a distinct group consisting of 6 basic juniors from Smouha Club, and a non-distinguished group consisting of 6 juniors from Smouha Academy. An exploratory study of the training program was conducted on 12 juniors. While the basic study was conducted on 18 adolescents from the Faculty of Physical Education for Boys club, one experimental group. The pre-tests, the training program, the interfacial measurements and the post-tests were applied to them. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences in the level of special physical abilities and skill performances in favor of the dimensional measurement.
There are also differences in the percentages of improvement in special physical abilities and skill performances in terms of performance time in favor of the dimensional measurement in the experimental group, and the training program included all preparation periods on physical and skill exercises for juniors and the use of tests when selecting juniors and rationing tests on a large group of junior players in the age stages different levels to set the standard for these tests.

The students of faculties of fine arts, by the nature of their work in theatrical arts, need general and special physical fitness to perform the movements entrusted to them and the repeated rehearsals to direct the theatrical work and their duty in the best way, as well as the physical expressions that must be performed for that, so the researcher wanted to put some special exercises for all parts of the body for some characteristics Kinetic (compatibility, balance, agility, and flexibility) as well as student activities (for females) in the Department of Dramatic Arts of the Faculties of Fine Arts in Iraqi universities. Qadisiyah, And to identify the impact of special exercises on the development of these traits, and are there differences with statistical indications between the female students in the two groups of study (experimental and control), and to know the best effect among female students in terms of the extent of effective use of these special exercises between the two groups (experimental and control), The research community included the students of the College of Fine Arts at the University of Al-Qadisiyah for the academic year (2021-2022), and they numbered (52) students for the four stages.
The second stage numbered (13) female students, representing (25%) of the original community, and the sample became (12) students after excluding one of the non-committed female students, and the sample was divided into two groups (experimental and control) (6) students for each group. There was homogeneity as a whole between them and the parity between the two groups in the variables (height, weight, age, compatibility, balance, agility, flexibility, focus of attention), as these variables are considered among the vocabulary of this section in the subject (kinesiology) taught by one of the sports activities teachers in the college All field procedures were carried out, including tests and measurements, through which the necessary data were collected, and then the appropriate statistics were made and tabulated, analyzed and discussed, and the appropriate conclusions and recommendations were drawn up from the achieved results.

The study aims to know the reality of the quality of the school sports environmentIn the center of Al-Diwaniyah Governorate from the point of view of physical education teacherswhich helps them to perform their tasks in the best way,By knowing the relative weight of each shape quality of the school sports environment,As for the research problem, the study attempted to answer the following question (What is the degree of quality of the school sports environment from the point of view of physical education teachers in the center of Al-Diwaniyah Governorate?)The study population was determined (120) members Representing physical education teachers in the Diwaniyah governorate center,As for the study sample, it was (70) physical education teachers From the center of Al-Diwaniyah Governorate, it was randomly selected. The most important conclusions were There is a good sports school environment From the point of view of physical education teachers in the center of Al-Diwaniyah Governorate.

There are many benefits that a football player can obtain psychologically when practicing this sport, as it increases the person’s ability to self-discipline, as well as improves the skills of concentration, perseverance and determination. Playing football is one of the effective ways to increase one’s self-confidence and enhance a sense of respect For the same, football is one of the ways that helps a person get rid of anxiety and increases a person’s feeling of happiness, as exercising in the game increases the brain’s ability to secrete chemicals that enhance the feeling of happiness and improve the general mood to keep the player away from any bad habits and help him in Maintain good habits

The importance of the research comes in identifying numerical indicators to measure the short anaerobic capacity and its relationship to the rapid attack in basketball.
The research objectives were:
1- Find equations to predict the level of short anaerobic capacity according to the rapid attack of advanced basketball players.
2-Determining numerical indicators of composite skill performance and its relationship to the rapid attack of advanced basketball players.
It was concluded:1-In spite of the emergence of correlations between performance, career and skills of the research sample, the performance of the tests in general is weak and does not fit with the general level of the elected player.
Therefore, it was recommended:1- Paying more attention to the number of training units by searching for new and varied ones that can raise the level of performance (functional, physical, skills,) and lack of stability, but rather an increase in the level.

The importance of the research came for the purpose of communicating in progress and achieving continuous sports achievements and not stopping at a fixed achievement in the effectiveness of javelin throwing. It is necessary to use effective exercises, including isometric strength, as well as standardizing them in the correct scientific method, which is the method of repetitions. In this way, we help players to progress and achieve advanced measurements. Thus, we put scientific information in the hands of our trainers to advance and develop in science and scientific research in the service of sports and the effectiveness of javelin throwing in the field and arena.
The most important objectives of the research were: 1- Identifying the effect of standardizing isometric strength exercises using the repetition method in developing some types of muscle strength and achieving javelin throwing for advanced players.
The most important conclusions were: 1- Standardizing isometric strength exercises using the repetition method has great importance in developing some types of muscle strength and achieving javelin throwing for advanced players.
The recommendations were: 1- Adopting the standardization of isometric strength exercises using the repetition method because of their great importance in developing some types of muscle strength and achieving javelin throwing for advanced players.

The aim of the study was: Highlighting leadership empowerment that is consistent with the overall quality norms and its relationship to the renderings evaluation of its employees in the sports vigors bureaus at the University of Diyala . The researcher used the descriptive approach that follows the theatrical relationships. The research community included workers in the bureaus and departments of sports vigors at the University of Diyala of 35 affiliates, 12 affiliates to the exploratory experiment, and 19 to the experiment. After finishing up the prior experiment, the conclusion came as follows:
The administrative leaders in the sports vigors directors at the University of Diyala show the existence of the use of administrative empowerment and its basis at a good level with the administrative staff within the educational institutions and vigors.
Recommendation:
Developing and enhancing the leadership empowerment for the affiliates in the sports vigors bureaus at the University of Diyala and their administrative leaders.

The importance of the research was evident in the researcher’s study of the administrative leadership role played by Iraqi league handball players through the regular season matches in identifying the effective and important role of creating requirements for comprehensive quality in highlighting and revealing what club management has reached, including proper planning for implementing comprehensive quality requirements. Which contribute to achieving the required goals. The research problem emerges in the researcher’s observation. The problem appears through work in many sports club leaders and administrators. He found that there is a weakness in integrated planning for these activities, as well as a weakness in adopting comprehensive quality among handball players.
The aim of the research is to identify the relationship between the two measures of administrative leadership and the requirements for implementing comprehensive quality from the point of view of players in sports clubs participating in handball in the Iraqi league.
As for the research methodology and its field procedures, the researcher used the descriptive approach using the survey method, and the research sample consisted of (168) players from handball sports clubs for the excellent degree, and to find correlational relationships and standard studies in order to suit the nature of the problem and achieve the objectives of the research from the point of view of handball players, where The researcher divided the sample into two parts, the first: for the procedures of designing and building the scale, which numbered (130) players, and the second: for the purpose of applying the scale, which numbered (38) players, and statistics were done through the use of (SPSS). The results of the two scales and their fields were presented, analyzed, and discussed through the statistical methods, which are the mean and the mean. Arithmetic, percentage, standard deviation, Cronbach, and chi-square in the form of tables. Then they analyzed the tables and discussed the results, supplementing that with scientific sources. Through that, a number of conclusions were reached, the most important of which are: - The two measures of administrative leadership and comprehensive quality requirements are suitable for measuring from the point of view of players in sports clubs participating in handball. In the Iraqi League.
The most important recommendations: the necessity of implementing the elements of administrative leadership for players and sports clubs participating in handball

The study fit between a diverse group represented by the tourism capabilities, efficiency, and vital capacity of the male and female students of the first grade of primary school in some schools in the Iraqi city of Fallujah. The problem of the research was the presence of a decrease in the level of creative challenge and a decline in the artistic creativity of the research sample. This is what prompted an increase in the rates of agreement between the Indian talents of the sample with fitness, vital capacity, and knowledge. The nature of these provinces and their arrival, an institution whose aim is to identify the level of technical talents, competencies and vital abilities of African students, male and female, in the first grade between the congratulatory and primary level, partly to measure the administrative capabilities from basic operations to the practical and cognitive level for boys and girls since the first grade of primary school, reduce the level of capacity. Education for the sample of both sexes, and I cooperate with the curricula of physical education and sports lessons in order to develop and increase the ability to do nine legs, which plays the main role in the integration and integration of male and female students in the basic primary school stage and to develop the level of vital capacity through the integration of physical education lessons for school age stages.

The first chapter of the research contains the introduction and the importance of the research. Reference was made to the importance of psychological harmony for football players, and in building a measure of psychological harmony for football players. The goal of the study was to build and codify a measure of psychological harmony for football players, while the third chapter contained field procedures for the research, and The research population and sample, which were represented by the players of the Middle Euphrates football clubs, numbering (150) players for the season 2020-2021. The research methods and tools were also stated, which were represented by a social interaction scale consisting of (10) items and prepared by the researcher. The fourth chapter contained Presenting and discussing the research results, and after taking the samples and processing them statistically, the researcher concluded the following:
1- The scale is standardized and has the ability to measure the psychological harmony of players.
The researcher recommended the necessity of applying a measure of psychological harmony for players.

The research aims to identify the effect of physical and skill exercises in the style of playing quickly in developing special endurance (speed endurance, strength endurance) and the collective rapid attack of young handball players. The researcher used the experimental method with a single experimental group design with a pre- and post-test, and the research community was chosen. In the deliberate manner of the players of the Army Sports Club for the 2019/2020 sports season, the researcher used the appropriate statistical means, which is the SPSS statistical bag, to obtain the results. The results resulted in significant differences between the pre- and post-tests, in favor of the post-test. It was recommended that physical and skill exercises be used. Playing quickly during training units and giving it importance in training physical abilities, including special endurance (speed endurance, strength endurance) as well as quick attack for young handball players.

Football is the most popular game in the world, and this game has received great attention from coaches, followers, analysts and critics. This game has developed significantly and noticeably in recent years, as many international teams have amazed analysts, followers, critics and experts in this field with the wonderful levels and great achievements, in addition to the harmony, integration and tremendous harmony between the physical and skill aspects of these teams, and on the basis of which players are selected according to playing positions. The study aimed to know the most important physical and skill characteristics of the playmaker in football. To achieve this, the study was conducted on a sample of (250) players representing the community of origin for young players registered in the Iraqi Central Football Association in Baghdad within the Premier League clubs for the sports season 2024/2025. As for the research sample, the researcher chose six clubs, two teams from the front, two teams from the middle and two teams from the back of the standings out of (10) clubs. Six tests were nominated, three physical tests and three skill tests. The researcher used the descriptive approach to suit the research objectives for the purpose of processing the data. The researcher, the statistical bag for social sciences (spss), and in light of the results of the study, the researcher reached the most important conclusions, which are: the skill aspect of the research sample individuals is much better than the physical aspect because the focus is very little in the training units on developing physical qualities and the attention is on the tactical and skill aspects. The researcher recommended paying attention to developing the two strength qualities distinguished by speed, endurance, and agility in the playmaker, similar to the skill and tactical aspects, and giving them sufficient time in the training units