Journal of Studies and Researches of Sport Education

Knowledge Net is an important necessities for the leadership of Iraqi volleyball federations, as it opens up broad prospects for them to develop their work in terms of external and internal relations and in the leadership and decision-making and making, and the importance of research lies through studying the extent of the impact of knowledge on members of ethnic federations and administrative bodies, players and coaches of remote volleyball. As for the research problem There is a weakness and decline in the level of volleyball teams ’achievement in regional, continental and international competitions. The aim of the research is to identify the level of human capital according to the knowledge dimension of members of the Iraqi volleyball federations The second chapter contains the concept and definition of human capital and the concept and definition of knowledge. As for the third chapter, the researcher used the descriptive method in the survey method in order to suit the problem, objectives and nature of the research, while the fourth chapter contained the results, analysis and discussion of the results, while the fifth chapter the researcher concluded that the scale designed by the researcher is able to measure the levels of members of sports federations in volleyball and their relationship with administrative bodies, players and coaches As for the recommendations, adopting a measure of knowledge of human capital in raising the work of union members, administrative entities, players and coaches.

The research included the introduction and the importance of research, and psychological distinction is of great importance that is evident in all areas of life and from these areas the sports field, while the research problem is what the players do in the games of emotions, intolerance and psychological stress, and this therefore will affect the behavior of the players by creating a state of tension and instability Psychological research also included a set of objectives, the most important of which are building and applying a measure of psychological differentiation, assumptions, and spatial, temporal and human spheres. The second chapter includes theoretical and similar studies of the concept of psychological differentiation. As for the third chapter, it included the research methodology and its field procedures. The researcher chose the descriptive approach. As for the research sample, the Iraqi Premier League players are handball. And the fourth chapter contains the presentation, analysis and discussion of the results of the psychological differentiation scale. As for the fifth chapter, it included the most important conclusions (the player who enjoys high psychological distinction is reflected in his performance in matches and training and is more positive). As for the most important recommendations (adopting the current scale designed by the two researchers to reveal

The importance of research lies in the advancement and development of more than it is and the advances of the developed world in the field of basketball and in the correct and optimal form through learning new and modern and varied methods in the world of sports training and among these methods is (intensive training) and the delivery of correct and scientific information and modern and codified and studied in a scientific way to the mind Teachers on how to use this type of exercise in order to achieve the best local, Arab and international sports achievements and thus achieve the desired goal.
The most important objectives of the research were: To identify the effect of intense exercise according to the codification of comfort in learning some basic offensive skills in basketball.
The following was concluded: - Intensive exercise exercises based on comfort regulation helped effectively develop some basic offensive basketball skills.
The most important recommendations were: - Adopting intense exercises according to the codification of comfort and an effective way to develop some basic offensive skills in basketball.

The research aims to define normative levels for some basic skills of all research variables, including (front rolling - back rolling - standing on hands - standing on the head) for gymnastics for second stage students in colleges of physical education, the researcher used the descriptive approach, and the research sample included second stage students From the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science, who are (102) students and the number of the exploratory sample (20) students. The sample was chosen in an intentional way to suit their nature of research, as the temporal field included for the period from 3/10/2018 to 15/1/2019The spatial field included the rhythmic gymnasium in the college, as well as the scientific transactions for the skill performance assessment card were extracted using the statistical bag spss to extract statistical treatments as the most important conclusions were defining the normative levels of some basic skills for rhythmic gymnastics all that the evaluation process in the rhythmic gymnastics lesson depends on the estimate Self-study or school-based and divided into six levels as well as the sample distribution was very close to the normal distribution.

1- The ability of the Asian lecturer to communicate information through the curricula prescribed for trainers
2- Do the participating trainers possess information awareness in using information technology?
3-Is the time period sufficient to communicate information and complete the curriculum?
4- Do the participants complain about granting the training certificate (A) in light of the application of the acquired information skills?
The most important results:
1- A clear weakness in not knowing the importance and role of information technology in sports work among the participants in the (A) Asian course
2-Weakness in the circulation of traditional and electronic sources of information, and the circumstances regarding libraries' apostasy
3- Weakness in the use of social media programs among the participants in the session despite the importance of circulating these programs on behalf of the general beneficiaries
The most important recommendations:
1-Inclusion of information technology within the school curricula, but participants must pass a test before participating
2- The inclusion of the English language is a condition of admission to the (A) high-level Asian course

The research problem lies behind answering the following questions:
1-what is the contribution range of several coordination abilities in serve skill performance in the game of tennis?
2- Is serve skill is the key to offence play to gain a point with minimum effort and time?
3- Does theses abilities and skill assist players during training phases to determine their weakness points and solving them throughout evaluation of training programs?
4- Are coaches have acknowledgment about important variables of coordination abilities and skills that players should master?
The most important results of the study are:
1- There was a significant relation between (anaerobic phosphate abilities, VO2 max) with serve skill.
2- The total contribution portion of coordination ability tests with serve skill is significant (%83.70).
3- The most significant variable contributed with the serve skill is anaerobic phosphate abilities with percentage of (%28.6).

The importance of research lies in the use of direct play exercises as an independent variable to fly the accuracy of performance for the skill of spike, as this method is one of the modern methods that can be relied upon in the process of rdapi learning, while the research problem was found through the researcher following most of the young teams and note the poor accuracy of performance, which He attributes it to the lack of focus on performance accuracy exercises, as well as the lack of comprehensiveness of the educational curriculum used for all skills performance requirements, including accuracy of performance, which negatively affects performance in a final way. As for the research objectives, it included preparing exercises that suggest direct play style, and to identify accurate accuracy And the skillful performance of the skill of high crushing hitting, where the researchers used the experimental method on the research sample represented by specialized school players in Basra Governorate.

The importance of research comes to know the personality of the sport coach from the players point of view and the extent of its impact on their technical , psychological and skill level and what is the strength the coach has and control the tam.
Objectives:
1_ building a personal sport scale for coaches and applying to the Iraqi football championship , the Iraqi premier league .
Conclusion:
1_ the sport personality gauge prepared by the researcher is a good tool to reveal the level of sports personality that the coach has in the Iraqi premier league in the central and southern regions .
Recommendation:
1_ adopting the personality scale that the researcher prepared to measure the sports personality of football coaches in the Iraqi premier league in the central and southern regions .

The study aimed to identify special exercises according to training scenarios in developing some basic skills for football players youth category, and the researcher adopted the experimental research method by designing the control and experimental groups, the research sample was chosen in the intentional way and they are Maysan oil club youth players for the 2018-2019 season and participant in the league Youth, where (24) players were selected, and they were divided into two equal groups, the number (12) in each group, and the application of special exercises according to scenarios on the experimental group for a period of (10) weeks, at a rate of (3) per week, and the most important conclusions were that the training program using style Training scenarios have a positive impact on basic skills, and the most important recommendations are that the training program using the method of training scenarios has a positive impact on basic skills.

The research aims to reveal the effect of using the mixed mental training method in developing the accuracy of the performance of topspin serve and block skells of vollyball, and the sample consisted Of (12) Player.
The researchers Used the experimntal approach to its appropriateness and the natoure of the reserch as the research Sample was devided into Two groups And by ( 6) Players for each Group and the two groups were equalized in variables (age, height, weight, mass, intelligence, mental perception, attention, and some elements of physical fitness and mobility that affect the skills of topspin and block.
The researchers used personal interviews, questionnaires, tests and measures as a means of collecting information, where an educational program was developed in agreement with the coach of the University of Mosul and the same program plus the mixed mental training method . the researchers conducted tribal tests and then applied the program from (24) educational units over a period of (12) One week, With Two educational unets per Week, and The duration Of each educatinal unit is (90) minutes. the SPSS statistical package was used to treat the results.
Where the researcher concluded that the experimental group that implemented the educational program prepared by the trainer as well as the mixed mental training excelled in the post-test on the control group that carried out the program prepared by the trainer in the accuracy of the performance of the skills (topspin serve and block ) with volleyball

The study aims to:
First: Knowing the extent of the impact of using the competitive method in developing the scoring skill of steadfastness and movement in football for students of the third stage in the College of Physical Education and Sports Science.
Second: Learn about the effect of the educational program on developing the scoring skill of steadfastness and movement in football.
The researchers used the experimental approach to its relevance to the nature of the study, and included research in the first chapter provided and the importance of research, the research problem, research goals, research hypotheses, research fields, and search terms. In the second chapter, the researchers discussed some theoretical studies and similar studies related to the study, either in the third chapter The researchers discussed the research methodology and field procedures, and the research community was students of the third stage in the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science at the University of Maysan for the academic year (2018-2019), and the researchers used methods of gathering information and data, including sources, observation, and interview, The researchers used skillful tests for scoring skill, then conducted exploratory experiments, tribal tests, educational program, and dimensional tests, then extracted the results by statistical means, and in the fourth chapter the results were discussed and analyzed, and in the fifth chapter the researchers reached the following conclusions and recommendations:
1-The use of the individual and comparative competitive method has a role in the development of the scoring skill, from consistency and movement with football to the research sample.
2-The researcher concluded that there are statistically significant differences for scoring skill from consistency and movement in football and in favor of post-test.
Through the conclusions reached by the researcher, he recommends the following:
1-Working to improve the soccer scoring skill because it is a very important soccer skill, through which the outcome of the match is decided.
2-Using the competitive method in its individual and even forms as one of the important teaching methods in the educational process.
3-Carrying out similar studies and increasing research in the field of tests because they are considered an important means for developing sporting events.

The study aimed at:
1- Identifying some of the physical measurements in basketball players. 2- Identify the coefficient of correlation between the variables of the study.
3- Identify the contribution scoring of some physical measurements to the level of shooting skills in theplayers of al-Thawra Sports Club basketball.
4- Finding equations to predict the level of skill performance through some physical measurements.
As for the research method: the researcher used the descriptive method in the survey method and the correlation relationships.
Community and sample research: The sample of the research was selected in the deliberate manner of the 25 players of the Revolution Sports Sports Club basketball.
The most important conclusions:
1- The emergence of a moral correlation between some of the variables of the study.
2- Predictive equations have been reached through which the level of skill of shooting for basketball players can be inferred.

Due to the great progress in this game, it is necessary for teachers to think seriously about increasing the effectiveness of focusing on the performance of skills and mastering them so that the student can apply them effectively by creating attitudes of ability to link the performance of skills mentally and physically so that it is more accurate. The problem was that most teachers adopt traditional methods and methods, without going into modern strategies and methods, which may be more effective in learning and acquiring motor skills, especially complex football skills, which imposes reality on the teacher to strive and think seriously in adopting more effective strategies in acquiring those skills. The effort and time are reduced, and the goal of the research is to: Identify the impact of the cooperative learning strategy according to the method of group competition in developing some complex skills in football for students. The researchers used the experimental curriculum with equal groups. / 2020), and the number of (115) students was randomly selected (30) students from two divisions (A and B). They were divided into two groups, one of them is experimental and its number is (15) students representing Division (A), that uses the (Cooperative Learning Strategy). And the second officer and its number (15) students representing Division (B), using the method of the used teacher. The researchers concluded that the educational curriculum prepared by the researchers using the cooperative learning strategy according to the method of group competition has achieved a positive effect for the development of some complex skills in futsal soccer, according to the results of the research.

The importance of research: The skill performance in the skills of transmission and crushing is characterized by similarity in terms of stages of technical performance, since each skill of volleyball has its own physical and skill requirements in the preparation of a good player. As for the research problem: The learning of previous skills affects the learning of new skills negatively and positively.The objective of the research: to identify the effectiveness of the curriculum in the transmission of learning the impact of the skills of transmission and crushing volleyball junior volleyball. The hypotheses of the research: There is a positive impact of the educational curriculum in the transfer of the impact of learning between the skills of transmission and crushing hit volleyball budding. The research community: the youth team of Maysan volleyball team (12) players, and thus became a sample of (6) players experimental (6) players control.The results of the media and the standard deviations were presented, analyzed and discussed in the tests of the skills of transmission and crushing volleyball. Presentation of the results of the experimental group learning transition rate tests by the maximum probability of testing the technical performance and its accuracy of the crushing of volleyball.Main Conclusions:The effectiveness of the educational curriculum prepared by the researcher in learning the technical performance of the transmission of the impact of learning transmission and crushing volleyball.Main Recommendations:
- Emphasis on the need to use the proposed educational curriculum with all its vocabulary skills because of its usefulness in the transmission of the impact of learning the skill of overwhelming multiplication of volleyball transmission for young people.

The importance of research was evident in raising the scientific level, especially in the game of volleyball, and the delivery of scientific information to the teacher and student about the importance of any successful and best method in education.
Also, explain the role and importance of the teaching method, self-learning according to (learning in small groups) in volleyball to learn the skills of sending and spoiling, thus reducing time and effort for the learner and teacher.
The research objectives were:
1-Preparing the teaching method (learning in small groups) for self-learning in learning the skills of sending accuracy and spiking volleyball.
The most important conclusions were reached:
1-Teaching method (learning in small groups) for self-learning. It achieved its objectives in the educational program in learning the skills of sending precision and spoiling with volleyball.
2-Using small groups that are important in skill learning for difficult-to-perform skills in order to correct and exchange ideas in the application.
It was recommended:
1-Adopting the teaching method (learning in small groups) for self-learning in the educational program to learn the skills of sending precision and spoiling with volleyball.
2- The need to emphasize the use of small groups because they are important in skill learning of difficult-to-perform skills and for correction and exchange of ideas in the application.

The study aimed to prepare and identify the effect of programmed planning according to the players' abilities in developing some physical and skillful abilities of the fencers on fixed chairs, and the experimental approach was the method used in the study to fit the nature of the research problem, and the research sample consisted of the players of the national team of three weapons and the research sample was chosen The experimental control of the fencing sword weapon players for the two classes (A and B) for the classification of fencing players and their number was (10) each group (5) players for the 2019-2020 season, and the program was implemented for the period from (2/3/2019 to 2/5) / 2019) for a period of (8) weeks and at (3) training units per week, in which the work of the exercises and the number of iterations of the exercises within the training unit were organized in a manner consistent with the capabilities of the players. In order to reach conclusions that the programmed planning has helped to improve the physical and skill capabilities of the players under discussion. The researcher recommends the necessity of planning the training unit in a way that matches the capabilities of the players and organizing the work of exercises within the training unit.

The importance of research lies in subjecting muscle strength exercises using dumbbells and rubber ropes to experimentation in order to verify the feasibility of this training in developing strength characterized by speed and thus put it within the reach of our trainers through the delivery of accurate and correct information about this training method and the training tools used and regulated scientifically And gaining theoretical and scientific knowledge about it in terms of intensity, size, and its impact on players and benefiting from it, as well as using it as a means to improve the level of our women's basketball teams.
The research objectives were:
1-Preparing strength training exercises for the arms using (dumbbells and rubber ropes) in developing the characteristic strength of the arms' speed and the skill of scoring from afar for basketball players.
2-Knowing the effect of strength training exercises for the arms using (dumbbells and rubber ropes) in developing the characteristic strength of the arms' speed and the skill of scoring from afar for basketball players.
3-Identifying the results of the differences in the post and tribal tests and for the two experimental groups in developing the distinctive strength of the speed of the arms and the scoring skill from afar for the basketball players
4-Identifying the results of the differences in the post tests between the two experimental groups in developing the characteristic strength of the arms' speed and the skill of scoring from afar for the basketball players.
The most important conclusions were:
1-It was found that both exercises (dumbbells) and (rubber ropes) contribute effectively to the development of the characteristic speed of the arms, which affected the development of far-away shooting for basketball players.
2-It was also found that the method of high-intensity interval training using (dumbbells) and (rubber ropes) is important and essential in achieving results for the strength characteristic of the speed of the arms and the skill of long correction with the basketball.
The most important recommendations were:
1-The necessity of adopting the two exercises (dumbbells) and (rubber ropes), as they contribute effectively to the development of the distinctive strength of the speed of the arms and the far correction of the basketball players.
2- Emphasis in training on the use of high intensity interval training using (dumbbells) and (rubber ropes) because they are important and essential in achieving results for the strength characteristic of the speed of the arms and the skill of long shot with basketball.

The study aimed to identify the effect of the training program using free resistances and plyometric exercises on the curve of the change in the muscular capacity of the two men and the agility of the beginners of handball, where it emerged, and by using the experimental approach with a group, the study was conducted on an intentional sample of (15). The vertical jump test was used with a weighted arms Countermovement (CMJ) test jump and no arm-weighted vertical jump.Test Jump Squat and (T test for agility, 505 test) for agility, the Sayers equation 1999 was applied based on the CMJ test result, and the program was applied for 8 weeks, 3 units per week, for 81 minutes per unit, and tests were conducted and data collected before Starting the program and it was repeated every two weeks after the start of applying the program, and after statistical analysis by analyzing the variance of repeated measures (measures repeated) using the Lex principle test and the Seduce test for the dimensional comparisons, the results showed that the training program affected the significance level α <1.15, and the improvement in vertical jump distance in the CMJ test was by 23.6%, in the (T) agility test by 9.3%, and in the (505) agility test by 11.1%.
The researcher recommended several recommendations, the most important of which is that coaches in handball clubs pay attention to training young people in resistance and plyometric exercises to develop the muscular capacity of the two men and the agility of handball players.

The importance of the research lies in preparing some rehabilitative exercises with the help of calcium intake and its effect on the level of curvature of the feet and some basic skills of football players. The problem of the research was summarized by the lack of knowledge of coaches and those interested in the sporting side of the curvatures in the legs and their effect on the level of ideal performance of football players, which reflected negatively on the performance of many players The research aims to prepare a rehabilitative program, accompanied by calcium intake on the bowing of the legs of football players and to identify the effect of the rehabilitating program, and with the accompaniment of calcium intake on the curvature of the legs of football players, to identify the effect of the rehabilitation program, and with the accompaniment of calcium intake on some of the skill variables of soccer players. The research and the number of the sample reached (14) players, and the researcher used the statistical system spss to extract the results of the tests and measurements, and the most important conclusions were whenever there was no curvature or was close to the correct appearance of the body, the skill performance was ideal or close to the ideal because it is one of the important reasons for the performance and the most important recommendations are the necessity of conducting periodic checks Practical and with a high degree of awareness of Pal Correct habits and neglecting this have negative consequences for players.

Determining the physical fitness of the players, that is, the physical efficiency controls the level at which the player can appear during the performance of the training and the games, in addition to the good performance and high physical efficiency, the importance of research that this research is the scientific attempts to study the physical fitness of players in the ball Foot during the observation and follow-up researcher is continuing for the players of football players noted that this category of players did not receive great attention and commensurate with the level required and importance in the structural composition of players
The sample of the research was randomly selected from the football players in the port-sea clubs during the 2017-2018 season. The sample of the research sample (30)
The researcher applied the training program for a period of (8) weeks for the period (15/8/2017 to 20/10/2017) by three training units per week. The number of training units reached (24) units, The modules were applied to the experimental group members
The most important conclusions were
The proposed training program has a positive impact on the improvement of the physical fitness of football players. The proposed training program has led to a remarkable development in the skill level of both (ball running - ball control - running the ball between the rolls - accuracy accuracy - kicking the ball to the farthest Distance) in the emerging players of football.The most important recommendations were the interest in using the proposed training program at the youth stage as the results of the research showed an improvement in the physical efficiency and skillful performance of the emerging football players

An analytical study of the level of knowledge management application in the administrative institutions of sports clubs from the point of
view of football players in Iraq
researcher Dr. Hussein Mousa Hussein
Department of student activities-husseinmousa413@gmail.com))
Summary
Public and private administrative institutions, including those in sports clubs, face different threats due to the various surrounding changes and advanced technological developments, and that these threats made these sports institutions unable to keep pace with these developments and continuous changes, so they had to use all the new methods and administrative methods to ensure By transforming it from weak institutions to effective and competitive institutions, and since knowledge management is part of the public administration, it does not differ from its counterparts in other fields, as it plays a vital role in directing the administrative institutions in clubs in their various fields towards progress and development, solving problems, confronting threats and treating The shortcomings and weaknesses and the increase in the effectiveness of the strengths, which led to the transformation of knowledge management, the most important challenge for the management of every institution, whatever it is, and it was necessary for it to use knowledge management, which in turn works to increase the competitiveness of the administrative institution in sports clubs and raise the level of its performance .
It becomes clear to us that the importance of knowledge management is found to discover the knowledge and skills of employees in the administrative institution and to work on exploiting them in a way that improves its performance .
The researcher used the descriptive approach with the survey method because it is more appropriate to the nature of the problem, so the research sample was chosen by the (intentional) method, and the research sample was represented by (535) players for sports clubs participating in the Premier League football for the 2019-2020 season and 100% of the research community and the sample was distributed as follows First: The exploratory research sample included (16) players from the research community. Second: The final application sample included (202) players from the research community. The researcher presented the results of the knowledge management scale in the administrative institutions of sports clubs from the point of view of football players in Iraq .
One of the most important conclusions .
1- Knowledge management in the administrative institutions of sports clubs from the view point of football players in lraq .
2- There is a clear discrepancy in the application of knowledge management in the administrative institutions of sports clubs from the point of view of football players in Iraq.
3- The results of the study proved that performance evaluation in the administrative institutions of sports clubs is directly related to the objectives of knowledge manageme

The aim of the research was to measure the harmonic behavior and its relation to the motivation of achievement and quality of life for the students and students of the fourth stage Faculty of Physical Education University of Salahaddin - Erbil, through the application to the sample of the search of students and students, the researchers chose (117) students and (37) and (10) The total number of the research sample was (164) students.
The descriptive approach was used through the use of both the harmonic measure of behavior and the measure of motivation for scholastic achievement and the quality of life criterion. The scales were used as research tools. The researchers used a number of statistical means to address the results obtained such as arithmetic mean, standard deviation, . After presenting the results and discussing them, the researchers found that the harmonic behavior and the motivation of the scholastic achievement of the students in the arithmetic mean is greater than the average, but very little, while the quality of life is less than the average of the hypothesis, but the students were characterized by a good level of student differences. Consensus and motivation for academic achievement and quality of life below the average satisfactory stage IV Faculty of Physical Education - University of Salahaddin / Erbil. The relationship between (harmonic behavior and quality of life) of the students is not significant, and the relationship between (harmonic behavior and motivation for scholastic achievement) and (consensual behavior and quality of life) ) For students the relationship is not significant.
In light of these results, the two researchers recommend emphasizing the importance of attention to the psychological aspect by the teaching staff, especially the consensual behavior and motivation of achievement and quality of life for students and students of the four stages of the Faculty of Physical Education - University of Salahaddin / Erbil. Attention to university students, as the basis is the general psychological preparation for students and students to develop the sources of teaching and training.

Some scientific studies have proven that people who practice physical exercise enjoy good health, live longer, more enjoyable lives, and with greater confidence than people with reduced mobility. One's confidence in much of his abilities grows and develops as a result of the general improvement in fitness achieved by physical exercise, and physical exercises appropriate to the individual's ability represent an effective treatment. Against stress caused by daily life, where the body releases anti-stress hormones in the blood that help remove or relieve symptoms, things that negatively or positively affect health, vitality, physical fitness and a sense of comfort are not hidden from anyone, as many wrong habits, such as overeating or malnutrition and smoking They pose a threat to health, and these habits are among the factors that cause dangerous diseases. From here came the importance of the research in a serious attempt to solve the problem of the age by knowing the effect of a proposed training program using physical exercises using a low-intensity interval training method on the percentage of fat and some anthropometric variables and weight for obese women aged (45_55) years.
The research objectives were:
1- Preparing suggested physical exercises with low-intensity interval training method.
2-Knowing the effect of suggested physical exercise on body weight and some anthropometric measurements and body fat percentage for the research sample.
The following was concluded:
The physical exercises suggested by the researcher led to changes in the anthropometric measurements of the individuals of the research sample, which were represented by measuring the weight and the weight of the fat mass and the fat-free mass and the body contours as a whole (upper arm, chest, waist, hip, thigh). The body is also under study.
It was recommended
1-Using the suggested physical exercise as an important method of losing weight for other age groups.
2- Increasing awareness through the media about the problems and risks of obesity and how to prevent it as a disease of our time.

The importance of research lies in subjecting exercises and training aids to experimentation in order to verify the feasibility of this training to develop those physical characteristics and basic skills of the corner and focal point and thus place them within the reach of coaches by conveying real and scientific information about this training and the extent of its impact on the players and using it as a way to raise the level of Advanced players.
The main objectives of the research were:
1-Recognizing the effect of special exercises using various means according to the different playing centers in developing the strength distinguished by speed and the offensive performance of basketball for the advanced.
The following was concluded:
1-Special exercises and the use of various means according to the different playing centers are important in developing the strength distinguished by speed and offensive performance in basketball for the advanced, especially the corner and focal centers. 2-The exercises used achieved an improvement in the strength distinguished by speed, which in turn affected the basic skills according to the position of the players, whether the corner players or the pivots.
It was recommended:
1-Adopting special exercises and using a variety of methods according to the different playing centers because of their importance in developing the force characterized by speed and offensive performance in basketball for the applicants, especially the corner and focal centers.
2-Emphasis on training exercises used in the development of strength characterized by speed, as it affected in turn the basic skills according to the position of the players, whether for the corner or pivot players.

The importance of research was evident in raising the scientific level, especially the basic offensive skills of basketball and the delivery of scientific information to the teacher and student about the importance of any successful and best method in education.
Also, explain the role and importance of the instructional method in basketball to learn basic skills in basketball, thus reducing time and effort for the learner and teacher.
The research objectives were:
1-Preparing an imperative teaching method in learning some basic skills in basketball for students.
2- Recognizing the effect of the imperative teaching method in learning some basic skills in basketball for students.
The most important conclusions were:
1-Immediate teaching style has a big role in learning some basic basketball skills for students.
2-The process of teaching the pusher to the student, especially not giving the learner an opportunity not to fulfill the assignment, it will enhance the learning of basic basketball skills.
Main recommendations:
1-Adopting the imperative teaching method in learning some basic skills in basketball for students.
2-Emphasis on the stress education process for the student, especially in not giving the learner an opportunity, and thus the assignment will be carried out and will enhance the learning of basic basketball skills

The research included five chapters In the first chapter the importance of the research which was Providing theoretical studies and subjecting skills to study and analysis, The first chapter also contains the problem of the search was It included less theoretical information about fencing and to highlight the time of the counter attack, which has an important role in the sport of fencing,Chapter three The research method used by the researchers using the descriptive method as the most suitableto the problem of the search, while the sample of the research consisted of ( 4 ) players from the Iraqi national team .

Academic progress in the field of physical education and sport science is belong to the human being where the importance of research lies as the researchers attempt to add new scientific source by recruiting a realistic learning model in teaching student the swimming course in order to prepare qualified, efficient teachers who have great knowledge and to teach them a good performance in freestyle swimming due to its importance in their lives scientifically and practically. The problem of the research is dealing with fact that most teachers and student are facing a difficulty in teaching and learning the technical performance of free swimming, and main reason is most of methods and techniques used in teaching swimming do not give a significant role of Student to look for solutions through activities in addition we notice a lot of misconceptions among the students regarding the technical performance of swimming which make it difficult to learn swimming , thus the researchers decided to use a realistic learning model to achieve the research of goals as they are:
1-Preparing a curriculum by using a Realistic Learning Model in teaching the technical performance in freestyle swimming for students.
2-Recognizing the differences between the results of the pre and post- tests of the research sample in teaching the technical performance of free swimming for students.
As for the research hypotheses:
1-The curriculum along with using the Realistic Learning Model has a positive impact in learning the technical performance of free swimming for students.
2-Moral differences in pre and post –tests of research’s sample for favor of post-test in learning technical performance of free swimming for students.
The researchers used the experimental method with the experimental design of the one experimental group with pre and post- testing. The research’s sample includes first grade morning shift students of Physical Education College / University of Basra ( 2018-2019) of (10) students which were intentionally chosen from Section (A) who are not good in swimming.
The researchers presented the results they reached in the performance evaluation tests in the form of a table and a chart. Then, they analyzed the table and discussed the results, reinforcing that with scientific source and by which a number of conclusions were reached, and the most important of which:
1-The curriculum along with using the Realistic Learning Model has a positive impact in learning the technical performance of free swimming for students.
2-Teaching based on Realistic Model has help speed learning the technical performance of free swimming and invest students effort.
Based on the conclusions, the researchers recommended the following:
1-The Realistic Learning Model was approved as an effective model in teaching swimming course within the curricula of the colleges of Physical Education and Sports Science.

The importance of the research The importance of the study lies in the impact of the level of reciprocal leadership according to the stage of mature participation of Premier League soccer club coaches at the level of players. A problem appears in the study of the level of reciprocal leadership according to the stage of mature participation of coaches and its effect on developing the level of players in football. Research objectives: Building and applying the measure of the level of reciprocal leadership according to the stage of mature participation of coaches from the point of view of soccer players, as well as setting standard levels for the level of mutual leadership level according to mature participation For football coaches, the researcher used the descriptive method in the survey method because it is more appropriate to the objectives of the research and the nature of the problem and the research community consists of Iraqi Premier League football players for the season (2019-2020).The sample was chosen in an intentional manner, which consisted of (369) players, and it was divided into three groups, the agencies of the exploratory research sample. It included (15) by 4% and the construction sample. It included (178) players by 48% and the final application sample. It included (132) players and 36%. The researcher concluded the construction and codification of a special scale to measure the level of reciprocal leadership according to the stage of mature participation of coaches of the Premier League for soccer, and the researcher concluded that the level of reciprocal leadership according to the stage of mature participation of coaches of the Premier League (high)Thus, the coaches were at the required level and gave their all for the team. As for the most important recommendations, the researcher recommends that there be cooperation and mutual respect between the coach and the players, as this reflects positively on the team’s results, and the necessity of conducting similar studies to find out the level of reciprocal leadership according to the stage of mature participation of coaches for different sports activities.

The study aims to show the effect of a psychotherapy program proposed to improve the kinesthetic perception in drug addicts . In this study , the researchers used the experimental method ,they have designed two groups ( the experimental and the control ) while measuring the pre and posttest for both,. the researchers did such by using elaborate test in order to recognize the perception, the program was designed to evaluate many variables such as ( field of view, divided attention ,and reaction time ) . As well as , a psychomotor program has also been prepared according to scientific bases to improve the variables under consideration. The research sample conducted in an inmate drug clinic (rehabilitation of drug addicts ) who were (31) inmates ,have been divided into (15) for experimental and (16) for control .
The results of the study showed to exist of a significant statistical differences in peripheral perception variables between the pre and posttest for both groups ( the experimental and control) in favor of experimental group . The researchers has also recommended to depend the proposed program in addiction healing clinic to improve the peripheral perception of the patient , they also recommended to do a researches deal with the effect of this program with other motor programs in motor perception of addicts .

Table tennis is a sports game that requires fast movements forward, back and sides with a bend at the knees joint and these movements should be based on high strength and balance in the lower limbs during motor performance. The strength and kinetic speed play an important and essential role in the motor performance and accuracy through a sense of muscle effort or a sense of resistance, the development of the strength and kinetic speed of the player helps him to make the right decision to respond to the appropriate mobility with play positions and in different areas of the table and the area in which the player moves during movement and performance.
Therefore, the study aimed to identify the effect of mobile balance exercises in the development of speed and accuracy of the performance of the spiral stroke front and rear table tennis for the players of the specialized school under 16 years.
The experimental controlled method was used to design the experimental and control groups with pre- and post-test on the sample under the age of 16 years and the number of 12 players.
After the preparation of mobile balance exercises, which included movements (stand on one man and both men on an inverted hemisphere and bounce movements and partridge and jumped on one man and both men and on points or drawings specified time and without time with tools and without tools).
After conducting the pre-tests and then apply the exercises over two months and then the tests after, and statistical treatments concluded that the exercises of mobile balance developed the speed and accuracy of the performance of the spiral stroke front and rear table tennis players specialized school under 16 years of the experimental group better than the control group.
In the light of the conclusion, it is recommended to adopt mobile balance exercises to develop the speed and accuracy of the performance of the spiral stroke front and back in the game of table tennis.

The aim of the research is to identify the reality of scouting camp management in the city of Nasiriyah. The importance of research comes from the importance of establishing scout camps continuously and their role and significant impact in building generations able to be leaders in the future because of their correct construction, which was done through the scouting work and what the research sample has been teachers Workers in middle schools in the city of Nasiriyah, numbering (45), and they were divided into (10) for the exploratory experience, scientific foundations, and (35)A sample of an application and the researchers used the statistical means, which are the percentage, standard deviation, mean, arithmetic, vakronbach, and Kay square. The researchers used the descriptive approach to its suitability of the research. It is true and realistic to manage the scout camps as they relied on statisticsThe researchers concluded that there is acceptance by the administration of the different views and opinions of the teachers before, during and after the establishment of the scout camps, and this confirms that the administration is constantly seeking teachers to participate in the decision-making process. The researchers recommend conducting other studies in which all age groups and scouting stages are involved to ensure that the administration is successful as is the case It is now at the level of middle schools in the city of Nasiriyah

The research aims to:-
1-Preparing special exercises for the research sample.
2-Recognizing the effect of special exercises on some kinematic variables and learning the skill of the front hands jump on the jumping table.
As for the third chapter, it contains:
On the research method, the researcher used the experimental method for its relevance to the nature of this research through the design of equal groups, and the research community was identified with students of the third stage in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / University of Basra who are enrolled in the college records for the academic year 2021-2022, whose number reached (150) students. (Because the selected skill is taught within the syllabus of this school stage), the research sample was chosen by random method, which is Division (A) to represent the experimental group and Division (B) to represent the control group. Then the researcher chose (8) students from each group, while Division ( c) Only this chapter also included the exploratory experiment, skill tests, computer video analysis, tribal photography, special exercises, dimensional imaging, and statistical methods.
The researcher concluded the following:
1-The special exercise program led to a positive improvement in the kinematic variables and the level of learning skill performance for the skill under study for the experimental group.
2-The traditional program (verbal explanation and model performance) led to a relative improvement in the kinematic variables and the level of learning skill performance for the skill under research for the control group.
3-The experimental group outperformed the control group in the kinematic variables and the level of learning skill performance for the skill in question.
-The researcher recommended the following:
1-The necessity of emphasizing the full mastery of all stages of jumping on the table by knowing the keys to the beginning of each stage so that the error in a particular stage does not affect the performance of the next stage, given the importance of interconnection and the influential role between the stages.
2-The necessity of emphasizing the posture of the body during the performance of the stages, especially those related to landing on the glove and the height of the body’s center of gravity at the moment of resting on the table and in the second flight stage.
3-Adopting kinetic analysis as an accurate method for diagnosing performance errors, especially in movements that have a high degree of difficulty, and its precise details cannot be controlled while watching them only.

The importance of the research lies in the application and testing of the style of playing with speed, and in the event of its success, the achievement will be developed by running short distances, especially (1500 meters) through the development of physical abilities, especially endurance of speed and the functional aspect required in this sporting event.
The research objectives were:
1-Getting to know the style of playing with speed in developing the endurance of speed and some functional indicators and achievement for the 1500m runners.
The most important conclusions were:
1-The style of playing with speed achieved success in developing the endurance of speed and some functional indicators and achievement for the 1500m runners.
It was recommended:
1-Adopting the style of playing with speed, as it has achieved success in developing endurance of speed and some functional indicators and achievement for the 1500m runners.

The aim of the research is to determine standard levels of some physical and skill performance requirements as an indicator for selecting handball cubs. Why physical abilities and basic skills have an important role in the selection process because they are among the basic determinants of any sports game,And the importance of the research is manifested in determining standard levels for some physical and skill performance requirements as an indicator for selecting handball cubs in a scientific manner away from random selection and in a way that saves a lot of time, effort and money and to make the selection process more accurate and objective. The problem and research objectives.
The sample included first and second grade students of middle schools in Diyala governorate, whose number is (569) students aged (13-14) years, distributed over (15) middle schools who were selected by lottery. The sample represented (5%) of the research community, which numbered (11347). Students representing (277) schools.

The study included five chapters in the first chapter, introducing the research: where the researcher touched in the introduction to the scientific and technical development, which has become a feature of our current era, especially in volleyball. Scientifically manufactured and standardized, use, to measure the performance of the skill of hitting the high Qatari and straight. The research sample consisted of (7) seven players from the marine club team and (70%) out of (10) players. Results statistically by means of the statistics bag (spss) The research reached results, the most important of which were: The device and the regulator achieved the goal for which it was made to measure the accuracy of the diagonal and straight crushing beating.

The research included five chapters, the first chapter included the introduction and stated in it: The game of volleyball has witnessed a great and rapid development in recent years and in all its related aspects, which prompted a change in the character of the game and its accuracy and speed. The importance of research in reversing the development process using precision to develop biomechanical variables and bring them to an advanced level, the research sample consisted of Of (7) seven young players in the marine club team, at a rate of (70%) out of (10), the results were processed statistically by means of the statistical bag (SPSS). The research concluded: The random selection device for precision areas of the factory achieved the desired goal of its manufacture The educational curriculum, which contains a set of exercises, was developed by the manufactured device for high-performance, diagonal and straight crushing. The research recommended the adoption of a random selection device for precision areas to measure the accuracy of performance for the diagonal and straight crushing hit by volleyball.

The importance of the research is manifested in the statement of learning progressing for the better, especially in the game of handball, through the application of the correct strategy in education, which is the strategy of collective research, and the use of the appropriate educational method, which is cooperative learning, and this is an indication of building the correct and successful base in the game of handball.
The main objectives of the research were:
1-Preparing a learning strategy cooperative group research in learning some basic handball skills for beginners.
2-Recognizing the effect of the cooperative group research learning strategy in learning some basic handball skills for beginners.
It was concluded:
1-The cooperative group search learning strategy has achieved success in learning some basic handball skills for beginners.
Therefore, it was recommended:
11-Adopting a cooperative group-search learning strategy for the success it has achieved in learning some basic handball skills for beginners.

The importance of research is evident in raising the level of technical performance on the balance beam device after applying the task foundation contained in the TRIZ theory, which contains requirements for how to perform difficult movements, and thus we come up with the correct educational output. As for the research problem: when several educational requirements are combined in one theory, such as the theory TRIZ will certainly facilitate learning of the most difficult technical movements and skills, such as in the balance beam event for women, as this theory contains the beginning of knowing problems and solving them, creativity in work, correct vision, drawing plans in implementation, and other important and basic matters in implementation.
The most important objectives of the research were: - Identifying the effect of the steps of TRIZ theory in teaching some skills on the balance beam in artistic gymnastics for women.
It was concluded: - The steps of TRIZ theory are important and essential in achieving the teaching of some skills on the balance beam in artistic gymnastics for women.
It was recommended: adopting the steps of TRIZ theory because they are important and essential in achieving the teaching of some skills on the balance beam in artistic gymnastics for women.

the horizontal barIdentifying the effect of motor play on some creative abilities and the emergence of back rotation to rely on the mental device of the buds. The research hypotheses: There are significant differences in the results of the tests in creative abilities of the experimental group between the pre- and post-measurements, in favor of the post-test, and between them and the control group, in favor of the experimental group. Significant in the results of the tests in the ascent with the back rotation based on the barbell device between the control group and the experimental group and in favor of members of the research sample was (20) buds, with (10) buds for the control group and the same for the experimental group in light of the research objectives and the methodology used. After completing the research experiment and based on the statistical analysis, the researcher reached the following conclusions. The effect of the motor play program had a positive effect on improving the creative abilities in the group. Experimental shoots. There is a superiority in creative abilities between the control and experimental group, and in favor of the experimental group, the post-measurement of buds

The importance of the research lies in raising the level of basic skills in the game of ball and teaching them in a logical manner at the beginning of the growth of thinking and comprehension for the learner while he is in the early stages of life for the purpose of drawing the actual picture of the movements and performance required and developing it in the future. This gives the correct scientific indicator in building a volleyball game and its development due to the interest in education according to Piaget's strategy, which gives an indicator of how to teach correctly. The research problem was: The success and progress witnessed by most developed countries in building sports and winning and achieving championships in sports games came through the correct education of a specific sport without others, including volleyball, which began to draw the scientific plan for the learner in the early stages of intellectual growth and comprehension of the game. Therefore, we find those who rely on teaching the game in the early stages, including the primary stage, which is the most appropriate stage in learning sports games and different skill performance, including volleyball. The most important objectives of the research were: to identify the effect of (Piaget's) strategy for thinking and comprehension in learning some basic volleyball skills for primary school students. Accordingly, the conclusions were: (Piaget's) strategy for thinking and comprehension achieved the educational objectives in learning some basic volleyball skills for primary school students. It was recommended: to adopt (Piaget's) strategy for thinking and comprehension because it achieved the educational objectives in learning some basic volleyball skills for primary school students

Shooting in handball is one of the most important basic skills, as hitting the target is the final result of the team’s effort and the decisive factor in determining the outcome of the match as it is the dividing line between victory and defeat, especially shooting from the corner area is considered one of the most difficult types of shooting in handball. The problem of research lies in knowing the relationship between Skill performance in these tests (shooting accuracy) and some biokinematic variables for handball players. The objectives of the research are to identify the relationship (peripheral speed and angular speed of the throwing arm) with the accuracy of shooting from the corner area among handball players. As for the research methodology, the descriptive approach was used in my survey style. And the correlational relationships due to its suitability to the nature of the problem. The research community included players from some of the Premier League clubs participating in the Iraqi league held in Sulaymaniyah Governorate for the year (2019-2020), who numbered (6) clubs and the number of players (99) (2) clubs in the central region, (2) (A club in the northern region, (2) a club in the southern region, and the research sample was chosen intentionally, and through the results, conclusions were reached, the most important of which are: There is no significant correlation between the shooting accuracy test and the peripheral speed of the throwing arm, the corner area (2.5 m) and ( 3.5 m), as well as the absence of a significant correlation between the aiming accuracy test and angular velocity (from the corner area (2.5 m) and (3.5 m(.