Wasit Journal Of Sports Sciences

The recent study aims at finding the following:
To reveal the significance of the differences in the effect of (drag sox) training on muscle ability
and achievement in 50-meter freestyle swimming for young people between the pre-and posttests of the experimental and control groups, to reveal the significance of the differences in the
effect of (drag sox) training on muscle ability and achievement in 50-meter freestyle swimming for
young people in the post-Tests between the experimental and control groups. Research
hypotheses: there are significant differences in the effect of (drag sox) training on muscle ability
and achievement in 50-meter freestyle swimming for young people between the pre-and posttests of the experimental and control groups and for the benefit of the post-test, and there are
significant differences in the effect of (drag sox) training on muscle ability and achievement in 50-
meter freestyle swimming for young people between the post-tests of the experimental and
control groups and for the benefit of the experimental group. The researcher used the
experimental method with two experimental and control groups. the research sample consisted of
12 swimmers from the Samil youth club in Duhok Governorate, specializing in freestyle swimming.
the researcher conducted a homogeneity and equivalence test for the research variables. the
researcher applied the main experiment and then the after-tests. the researcher concluded:
resistance training using drag sox led to a development in the special muscular ability of the
experimental group. the training method used by the researcher in the development of the
experimental group members helped in the achievement.

The implementation of diverse and modern training methods aims to equip players with exceptional physical, motor, and skill capabilities, enabling them to perform optimally in both training and competitive environments. Among these methods, training in apical calming strategies stands out as an approach that yields tangible benefits during various stressors and training load variations. Two researchers undertook the task of employing the two apical calming strategies to investigate their effects on the physical, functional, and performance aspects of athletes. The research sample comprised twelve players from a Specialized School, randomly divided into two experimental groups. One group consisted of six players trained in the rectal calming strategy, while the other group included six players trained in the secondary calming strategy. Upon collecting and statistically analyzing the results, the researchers arrived at the following conclusions: The training involving both apical calming strategies has a positive impact on the development of special strength and the targeted functional abilities. Consequently, the researchers recommend emphasizing the importance of utilizing diverse training methods and strategies, particularly the incorporation of apical calming techniques, due to their beneficial influence on physical and functional development

The research aim to:-
- Detection of the effect of ladder exercises with the ball on a number of physical & skill variables for the players of the experimental group. - Identifying the differences in the values of a number of physical, skill and mental variables between the experimental and control groups in the post-test. - The researcher used the experimental approach due to its suitability to the nature of the research, and it included a sample of the Mosul Municipality Club players, who numbered (24) players.
The researcher concluded: - Ladder exercises with the ball carried out by the experimental group resulted in a development in all physical variables that the research dealt with. - Ladder exercises with the ball carried out by the experimental group resulted in a development in all skill variables that the research dealt with. - Ladder exercises with the ball carried out by the experimental group resulted in a development in the post-tests on the control group in all physical variables that were dealt with in the research. - Ladder exercises with the ball carried out by the experimental group resulted in a development in the post-tests on the control group in all skill variables that the research dealt with.

In the study of compound exercises within the limits of the first field of effort and the extent
of their impact on the special physical endurance and the skillful performance of young football
players, they are the real tributary that is reliable to create a distinct and developed generation that
is used for the teams of applicants. Therefore, they must be raised to the highest levels through
the development of physical and skill capabilities Which helps the player to qualify for advanced
stages. As for the objectives of the research, it was through identifying the effect of compound
exercises within the limits of the first field of effort on the special physical endurance of young
soccer players. Identifying the effect of compound exercises within the first field of effort in bearing
the skillful performance of young soccer players. As for the research hypotheses, there are
statistically significant differences between the results of the pretestsThere are statistically
significant differences between the results of the pre and post tests of the research variables of
the control and experimental groups, in favor of the experimental group. There are statistically
significant differences between the test results of the experimental and control groups in the posttests, in favor of the experimental group. The nature of the problem obligated the researcher to
use the experimental approach, while the research sample was from the Al-Sinaa Sports Club
players for mobile soccer, who numbered (24), and they were chosen by the intentional method.
The fourth chapter included the results of the tests, their analysis, and their discussion of the
research sample by means of illustrative tables for the arithmetic mean and standard deviations TTest after subjecting them to the appropriate statistical operations

The study aims to design a visual ability test in determining the area of the court dimensions for handball referees and to set standard grades and levels for the proposed test. The descriptive approach was used for its suitability to the nature of the research. The research community consisted of handball referees in the colleges affiliated to Al-Mustansiriya University, who numbered (24) referees representing (12) colleges (two referees in each college) who were deliberately chosen. As for the research sample, it consisted of (18) referees. (5) rulers who represented the exploratory experiment were randomly selected
The researcher designed a visual ability test to determine the area of vision for the dimensions of the court for the handball referees, and the scientist Christoph Nikdvik used it in his research on goal protectors and world champions in sports activities, and he used the angles for the vertical and horizontal projections, and the researcher transformed this test on the handball court by using colored flags placed on the areas The stadium was built on both sides (left and right), and it was shown to the experts and their observations, opinions and modifications were expressed
The scientific foundations of the test were extracted:
The researcher conducted an exploratory experiment on a sample of (5) handball referees from the research community who did not participate in the main experiment, and after presenting the results of applying the test to the research sample: The design of the visual acuity area measurement test for handball referees has been reached, and it has the scientific specifications for the test.
1. It was reached to set the normative and normative scores and the percentage weight of the raw scores for the performance of the research sample in the test of measuring the area of visual determination of the rulers. 2. Most of the research sample judges were at the average and acceptable level.
3. There is no percentage of the level is weak.

The importance of the research lies in linking mental work (degree and time of concentration of attention) with (accuracy of aiming) at the target with a handball, but the problem of the research was embodied in the fact that there is a weakness in the concentration of attention, which affects the accuracy of aiming with a handball. The research aimed to identify the relationship between the degree of concentration of attention, time and accuracy of shooting among the players of the specialized school for youth handball in Muthanna. As for the research hypotheses, there was a significant correlation between the time of concentration of attention
before shooting and the accuracy of shooting among the players of the specialized handball school. The research community was identified with the players of the specialized school for the youth handball category for the year ( 2021/2022), numbering (20) players . The researchers used the descriptive method by the survey method, and after the method was fully applied, the test results were collected, statistically processed, presented and discussed in a scientific manner in order to achieve the research goal . From this, the researchers concluded a set of conclusions, the most important of which are: -There is a positive correlation between the time of concentration of attention before aiming at the target and the accuracy of aiming.
The researchers recommended a set of recommendations, including:
-Emphasize the process of concentration of attention and unity of attention in the training units for the purpose of developing the accuracy of scoring.

The importance of the research lies in the use of a training device for
basketball players within special trainings to develop the angles of starting and
entering the ball in order to increase accuracy in aiming from jumping to basketball
players, and included the research problem, which enabled in the lack of the use of
modern training devices to determine the mechanics of movement within the to aim
and recognize the impact of the device The researcher used the experimental
method to design two equal groups (experimental and control), with two Tests
(tribal and remote), the community and the research sample were determined by
the players of the teams of the clubs of Wasit governorate and those aged(18) years
and under, numbering (4) clubs in the game of basketball, numbering(80) players,
and the sports district club was selected from among a group of clubs by random
method ( draw) the number of players has reached (24 per player ) the players were
divided into two groups (experimental and control) with (8) players per group, and
the (16) players were divided into The researcher concluded that the exercises for
using the device prepared by the researcher contributed to the development of the
angles of starting and entering the ball for aiming from jumping in the experimental
group, the designed device has the main role in improving the performance of
aiming from jumping by influencing the trajectory and height of the ball in the
experimental group.

The study aims to: - Designing an academic evaluation form for stability movements (front balance, standing on the head, and standing on the hands) on the ground movement mat device in gymnastics for second-stage students in the College of Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Mosul. The researcher used the descriptive survey method for its suitability and typography. The research community included students of the second year in the College of Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Mosul for the academic year (2022-2023), and they were (216) male and female students, of whom (182) were male and (34) female Distributed to (7) people, while the research sample included students, due to the specificity of the research on students only, and they numbered (182) students, who were chosen in a deliberate way from the research community, represented by (a design sampl Evaluation forms) for (130) male and female students (and a sample evaluation form request) for (52) male and female students
In order to evaluate the skillful performance of stability movements (front balance, standing on the head , standing on the hands) on the floor carpet device with movement for second year students in the gymnastics course, the academic evaluation form was designed according to the adequacy of performance for the objectivity of the law using the scientific procedures used in the design process, and the means Including statistics based on (mean, standard deviation, and simple correlation coefficient) (Pearson), percentage, discrimination equation, and (Shapiro-Wilk) test.
: The researchers reached the following conclusion
- The effectiveness of the academic evaluation forms that were designed for stability movements (front balance, standing on the head, standing on the hands) on the floor movement mat device in the gymnastics course on second-year students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Mosul.

The study aimed to highlight the participation of the Egyptian national football team in the Olympic Games as the most important and the first world football championships and to emphasize the most important achievements achieved by the Egyptian national team in those sessions since 1920- 1948) because researchers have not touched on such topics before, so this study was found to identify the participation and results achieved by the Egyptian national team, as well as to identify the names of the players and coaches who represented the Egyptian national team in those tournaments, and the researchers used in this study the historical approach being the appropriate approach to the nature of this study and taking advantage of the sources that the Egyptian national team is the first Arab national team to participate in Olympic Games for five consecutive cycles (1920-1924-1928-1936-1948), and the Egyptian national team is the first team from the continent of Africa to participate in five consecutive Olympic cycles in football, and the researchers recommended that there should be a special archive documenting the results of the Arab teams participating in the Olympic cycles since its inception for the first time, as well as the need to isolate politics from sports and non - interference in its affairs, as well as conducting a similar study on the participation of all Arab teams in the Olympic It was achieved through her participation in the football game .

The aim of the research is to prepare an educational curriculum according to the strategy of the learning table in learning to perform the skill of handling from above (preparation) in volleyball for students, and to identify the impact of the educational curriculum prepared according to the strategy of the learning table and the skill in question. The researchers used the experimental approach on (50) students from Students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Maysan, as the students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Maysan, were divided into two groups, an experimental and a control group of (20) students for each group, and the educational curriculum was applied according to the strategy of the learning schedule on the students of the experimental sample for a period of (2) two weeks, at the rate of (4) educational units. The use of the learning schedule strategy helped to learn the technical performance of the skill of handling from above (preparation) in volleyball for students of the second stage in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences And they achieved superiority over the students who study without it. As for the recommendations, the two researchers recommended a set of recommendations, including the need to pay attention to the novelty of teaching strategies with a variety of procedures when learning other skills in volleyball for students, and work to develop the competencies of physical education teachers when teaching with the learning schedule strategy and include this in the course curricula Development in continuing education in the faculties of physical education and sports sciences.

The aim of the research was to prepare special educational modules according to the Marzano model in learning freestyle swimming skills for students, where the researchers used the experimental curriculum to suit it and the nature of the research in the manner of two equal groups (an experimental group and a control group with a pre-and post-test) to suit the nature of the problem, as the study sample consisted of first-stage students at the Faculty of physical education and sports sciences/ Muthanna University for the academic year (2022-2023) from (20/2/2023) until (1/4/2023), as the researchers the third part refers to some of the tests used in the research and their use of statistical means appropriate to the study sample and results, in all details, most notably the use of The law of arithmetic mean, standard deviation, Pearson's simple correlation coefficient, torsion coefficient and the law of the proportion of evolution, and through field and statistical procedures, the results were discussed, the researchers concluded the following, the results showed that there were significant differences in favor of the experimental group in the research variables under study ,and through these results the researchers reached the most important conclusions :-
1-the educational curriculum in the style of the Marzano model contributed positively to learning some basic skills of freestyle swimming for students
2-this model gives an opportunity for students in practical lessons to think and analyze and thereby quickly strengthen the thinking pattern of skills
The researcher recommends the following :-
1-the need to use the Marzano model in learning some basic skills for the rest of the different games or sports.
2-using this model for other skills in the physical education lesson for this academic stage and for different stages.

The aim of the study was to : prepare compound exercises in the manner of possession of the ball to develop physical abilities in building a football attack. And to identify the effect of the exercises prepared by the researcher by the method used in the development of the variables under study. Also, to identify the differences by dimensional tests between the experimental and control groups of the variables under study.
The researcher used the experimental method and followed the design of the two equal groups (control and experimental) with the tribal and dimensional tests, because it is appropriate to the nature of the research problem, the research community was identified as the youth players of the neighborhood football club in Wasit governorate participating in the governorate League (2021-2022) at the age of (16- 18) the number of (76) players distributed to (3) clubs, as for the research sample, it was selected by random method and represented by the youth players of the sports district Club number (26), as this number constituted (34.2%) of the original research community, (6) players were selected by random method for the survey experiment and the rest were divided into two groups of equal strength each (10) players by lottery. , He used statistical methods using the statistical bag system (spss) to obtain the results of the research, and the conclusions were that the possession exercises on the ball prepared by the researcher influenced the development of some physical abilities of the research sample. Based on the conclusions reached by the researcher, he recommends the need to emphasize the use of ball acquisition exercises prepared by the researcher in his study

The research aims to prepare special exercises in the style of competition in the special
endurance of Premier League handball players and to identify their impact on the study sample.
The researcher used the experimental approach, which is based on an approved and controlled
change of the specific conditions of an event, and observing and interpreting the changes resulting
from the event itself. And in the design method for the two equal groups with the pre and posttest.
The researcher chose the research community from the Premier League handball players in Iraq. As
for the research sample, which was chosen intentionally from the research community, it amounted
to (20) players who represented the (Naft Maysan) club for the Premier League, the experimental
research group was chosen randomly by lottery method, and it was represented by (7) players, and
the exercises related to the competition method were applied to them. The researcher is the players
of the second reconnaissance experiment, whose number is (4) players, and it constitutes a
percentage of (35%).
The researcher conducted pre and post tests used in which tests (throwing balls - long pass from a
distance of 30 meters for 45 seconds - running 200 meters in the form of defensive and offensive
movements - sitting - and jumping up for a period of (60) seconds) were in favor of the post tests of
the variables of the study.
Among the recommendations recommended by the researcher: conducting other studies on samples
of players in group games in which the method of competition is used in exercises. Emphasis on
paying attention to special stamina capabilities and continuous work on developing them due to
their positive impact on the stability of the players' level of performance until the return of the
excluded player as a result of legal violations.

The measurement and testing effective impact in identifying, knowing and diagnosing the levels and the extent of development they have reached by identifying the capabilities and capabilities and standing on them through their description or representation of standard degrees or certain levels, help to identify the potential of the players and their needs and know and diagnose the levels and the extent of development they have reached by identifying the capabilities and capabilities and standing on them through their description or representation of standard degrees or certain levels, helping to identify the potential of the players and their needs and from here The research problem is that there is a fluctuation in the level of psychological preparation among the players between the positive and the negative and the lack of a mathematical measurement tool for the concept of self-engineering in the sports field and the presence of standards for this scale and the researcher used the descriptive approach in the survey method, while the research community has determined the players of Baghdad football clubs for the first class and their selection in a random way and the researcher prepared the scale form and conducted scientific transactions for it and reached Building the scale of geometry

Psychology, with its various psychological variables, affects the nature of the professional performance of physical education teachers as well as the level of their teaching achievement. The study aimed to build a measure of moral intelligence for teachers of physical education in Maysan Governorate for the academic year (2022-2023), as well as to identify its reality with them. The researchers used the descriptive survey method for its suitability to the current research, and the research community included physical education teachers in Maysan Governorate, who numbered (514) teachers in (417) schools in the governorate, as the main research sample consisted of (300) teachers, and a scale-building sample was formed From (200) teachers, while the survey sample consisted of (30) teachers, they were excluded from the main sample and the application sample consisted of (100) teachers. A paragraph, the results of the statistical treatment of the dimensions and the scale as a whole were presented, so that the researchers reached a set of conclusions, including that there are statistically significant differences in the moral intelligence of physical education teachers in Maysan Governorate and for all dimensions except after self-control.

The random entry strategy is a strategy that enables us to organize ideas randomly and each according to his experience taking into account the individual differences. This strategy works to choose a focal point that the learner chooses to be a starting point for him so that the learner begins to form a work plan, the learner moves to the second step that is assumed to be the starting point and the learner uses performance pictures To help build his cognitive structure, and on this basis, the learner applies theoretically what he builds on the ground. As for the research problem, and through the researcher's work as an assistant coach for the volleyball team in the second Rusafa Directorate, he noticed a clear weakness in relation to understanding and applying the skills of volleyball game and their lack of knowledge of its laws from players and the aim of the research is to build an educational program in accordance with the strategy of random entry accompanying the performance of the photographer To help school players learn basic volleyball skills. The researcher chose the experimental approach to its suitability for the research and the research sample consisted of (30) players distributed equally to the control group and the experimental group, and the researcher concluded that learning has occurred in a skill to prepare and overwhelming and the skill of transmission from the top at the end of the learning period (dimensional tests). It was recommended that volleyball coaches should pay attention to using the random entry strategy in developing educational processes in both the practical and theoretical aspects.

The aim of the research was to prepare skill exercises according to the habits of the mind, and to find out the impact of prepared exercises on learning some basic skills in football for students, the researchers used the experimental curriculum with the design of two equal groups on a sample of (41)students from the first stage at the Faculty of physical education and sports sciences/Maysan University, the sample was divided into two groups(experimental, control), and the exercises were applied to the experimental group for(3) weeks with (6) educational units, and the results showed differences in the averages of the scores of the two groups in learning basic skills for the benefit of the (experimental) group, while the researchers recommended the importance of using the habits of the mind in the preparation of exercises The study focused on learning football skills on other samples that differ from the current sample in gender and age variables

The importance of the research appears by setting a model for some biomechanical variables that play an active role in the effectiveness of the long jump, as it is relied upon as a test for comparisons and for deducing strengths and weaknesses, by subjecting the research to analysis from multiple aspects in the light of the laws and rules of biomechanics to reach the best results, The research problem lies in: that the local numbers, achievements and levels in the long jump effectiveness for all groups, especially the applicants, are far away from the continental and global levels, as well as the proven Iraqi record in the long jump since the eighties of the last century, all of this generated for the researcher a problem that he tried to study, which may be one of the most important reasons As well as the lack of coaches to model biomechanical variables and take it as a criterion, and from here the researcher resorted to the study of those variables biomechanical for the effectiveness of the long jump for the applicants, And extracting the values of these variables, and comparing them with objective values embodied in the model, which the researcher hopes are Iraqi club coaches and the national team for the long jump event to reach the target distance by working on developing the values of the variables so that they approach the values of the model; For the purpose of improving technical performance and achievement, the research aims to: 1- Preparing a model for some biomechanical variables for the Iraqi level with the effectiveness of the long jump in the research sample.
2- Identifying the values of the biomechanical variables for the Iraqi level with the effectiveness of the long jump in the research sample.
With regard to the field research procedures, as the research community is the players who applied to the clubs of Baghdad Governorate for the long jump event for the sports season (2021-2022), and their number is (14 players), as the research sample was chosen by the intentional method for the players of the Police Club and the Popular Mobilization Club only, And the number (4) players from the original community. The researcher used the descriptive approach in a comparative way.

The research aims to identify the intensity and effectiveness of the most different playing centers and their role in the ending the attack successfully through scoring, as well as revealing the most used and influential types of correction in achieving superiority and winning the result of the Iraqi national team handball matches, the researcher used the descriptive approach in the survey method, and the researcher chose (7) matches for the Iraqi team for the 20th edition of the Asian Men's Handball Championship deliberately, and the Saudi Handball Federation website was relied on to obtain on the video recordings of the matches subject to analysis, the data was recorded through an analysis form prepared for that, where it was processed and classified statistically.
The most important findings are:
• The center of the right forearm is the most intense and effective playing position for both long and near aiming attempts.
• The intensity and effectiveness of shooting attempts in the first group stage is greater than in the second group stage
• Close shooting is the most intense and effective type of shooting attempts from the total number of matches of the Iraqi team during the twentieth Asian Men's Handball Championship.
Shooting after the ball bounces off the opposing team's goalkeeper or goalkeeper is the least intense and effective type of shooting attempts from the total number of matches of the Iraqi team during the twentieth Asian Men's Handball Championship
In light of the findings, the researcher recommended the following:
• The effectiveness of shooting must be relied on to a large extent regardless of the number of shooting attempts during important matches.
• Focus in the training units on the development of long shooting for the various playing positions because of its great importance in deciding the result of the match

The aim of the research is to prepare and apply a questionnaire of
organizational sarcasm for teachers of physical education and to identify
organizational sarcasm and the levels of its dimensions (cognitive, emotional,
behavioral) for physical education teachers in Mosul city center. The researchers used
the descriptive survey method for its suitability to the current research. The research
community included physical education teachers in the city of Mosul, who numbered
(244) physical education teachers, (203) male and (41) female teachers. The research
sample was chosen by the intentional comprehensive enumeration method, as it
included all teachers of physical education in the city of Mosul, and the researchers
obtained (177) questionnaires subject to statistical analysis. In view of the lack of a
suitable measurement tool to determine organizational cynicism for physical
education teachers, and to achieve the objectives of the research, a questionnaire was
required to prepare organizational cynicism with its dimensions (cognitive, emotional,
behavioral), To achieve the objectives of the research, it was required to prepare an
organizational cynicism questionnaire with its dimensions (cognitive, emotional,
behavioral) and verify its validity and stability. In processing the data statistically,
percentage, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, simple correlation coefficient
(Pearson), Spearman-Brown equation, Alpha Crowe equation were used. Nabach, and
Gutman's equation. The researchers concluded that the organizational sarcasm
questionnaire can be applied in its dimensions for physical education teachers, and
there are medium levels of organizational sarcasm and its dimensions (cognitive,
emotional), and a low level of behavioral organizational sarcasm for physical
education teachers in Mosul city center.

The study aims to develop a marketing plan for the Boccia Federation for
People with Disabilities in Iraq by looking at the federation and the committees
working in it, as well as the tournaments it holds internally and participates in
externally at the Arab, continental and international levels.
As well as knowing the number of players practicing the game within the national
teams, the researcher used the descriptive approach using the survey method to suit
the nature of the research. The research sample included (85) individuals, including
members of the Executive Office of the Paralympic Committee, members of the
Boccia Federation, heads of clubs participating in the league, as well as a group of
investors in the sports field. The researcher also used the questionnaire as a tool for
data collection, and after making statistical adjustments and transactions, the
researcher applied the questionnaire in its final form to the main sample during the
period from 10/1/2022 to 26/1/2022.
The researcher used statistical treatments appropriate to the nature of the research,
and the result of the research was the development of a marketing plan for the Albu
Chia Federatio

The problem of this study came due to the scarcity of studies that deal with the mechanisms of motor nerve conduction of floor tennis and badminton players and the consequent results that can improve the process of training and achievement, and the sport of floor tennis and badminton are games in which the level of skill performance depends on the muscle strength produced by the player in for the arms and the level of explosive force of the arms, and to identify a relationship It was concluded that there is a significant correlation between the speed of transmission of the motor nerve signal and the explosive force in the individuals of the research sample and the comparison between them, and it was concluded that there is a significant correlation between the speed of the motor nerve signal of the arm (right, left) and the explosive force in the individuals of the research sample. There is also a significant correlation between the speed of the motor nerve signal of the arm (right, left) and the explosive force in the individuals of the research sample. The two researchers recommended the need to conduct tests of the nervous system and nerves before and during the races and periodically to stand at the level of players in terms of nerve safety and the safety of the nervous system with the introduction of exercises for the development of (nerves and motor)

The tests are an objective test by which the player's level of general and special physical skills and abilities is assessed and evaluated, strengths and weaknesses are identified, and work to improve them and thus improve performance to develop athletic achievement .
The aim of the study was to provide standardized and objective tests to measure the tolerance of the skill performance (defensive-offensive-defensive) of advanced handball players . Where it is similar to playing performance and adopted as an accurate indicator to describe and diagnose the physical and skill condition, especially when the player returns from injuries, and setting standards and levels for these tests to ensure giving an accurate picture to coaches to build and evaluate training programs according to the levels of players to contribute to enabling the classification and selection of qualified players to form the ideal squad and reach them to higher levels and compete in World Championships .
The researcher used the descriptive approach in the style of surveys and standard studies, as it is the appropriate approach to the subject and objectives of the research, and the research community identified the Premier League clubs for handball applicants for the current season 2022-2023, numbering (214) players ،In light of the results, the researcher presented a number of conclusions and recommendations, the most important of which was through the results of the tests that were conducted and discussed, the researcher came to the following conclusions :Providing tools (tests). Objective and standardized to measure the endurance of the skill performance of League players. Excellent handball, and the designed test has the ability to stand out among the players . The most important recommendations are Adoption of designed tests in the assessment .Physical education according to the levels achieved .And take advantage of them in the legalization of training modules, and the adoption of designed tests .In the selection of players for the participants in the matches.

The aim of the study was to build and apply a measure of the creative performance of Technical Supervisors in the educational directorates of Baghdad governorate. the researchers identified the research sample , which was represented by the Technical Supervisors in the Departments of sports and school activity in the educational directorates of Baghdad ,numbering (134) supervisors distributed to (6) directorates, three in Rusafa and three in Karkh. the researchers adopted the descriptive method in the survey method for the purpose of building creative performance, and the researchers were keen to follow all the scientific steps in building the study scale from honesty and consistency, which resulted in the study scale as follows the creative performance measure contained (54) paragraphs distributed over six areas ( flexibility, fluency , Originality , ability to solve problems , acceptance of risk, ability to analyze and relate ).The scale was applied in its final form to a sample of(130) technical supervisors from the directorates of Baghdad education , and the most important conclusions were the appearance of contribution ratios to the (creative performance) scale and were impressive ratios , as they indicated the extent of close correlation between the fields of the scale, and the researchers recommended to work on the involvement of technical supervisors working in the Departments of moral incentives for them

The sports is an important sector for the advancement of nations and their civilizational progress therefore it must study the various In which we communicate with peoples and the field in which many scientists and specialists compete to develop their research and advance to a global level befitting the level of their country sports activities and events in all their aspects. So as to reach to the winning podiums. One of these sports is weightlifting sport and anthropometric measurements and special physical abilities because of its important to raise the level of the lifter to make achievement in the level of snatch lift .
This research aims to identify anthropometric measurements and physical abilities as a function to predict the amount of weight lifted .This is done by putting predictive equations for the amount of weight lifted under study in terms of physicals measurements of the snatch lift. Due to the delay in the numerical level of the lifters in the snatch lift and the presence of some mistakes and deficiencies in performance with the lack of technical information in an objective manner to raise the amount of weight lifted which prompted the researcher to carry out this study to identify the most influential contributions in each of the physical measurements of the amount of weight lifted for the snatch lift. The searcher used descriptive method because it is suitable for the nature of this study , the sample was selected by the intentional method from weightlifters in number (6) without adhering to any variables such as age wrist and thigh and the development of predictive equations for the conclusions according to the indications under study. Recommendations Using of predictive rates for each of the physical measurements in the contributing joints Conducting studies of the lifting of the niter to predict the amount of weight lifted and the development of predictive equations for it

Neck pain is one of the widespread global problems in recent times, and it is not limited to a certain geographical area that up to 54% have suffered neck pain at some time in their lives, so neck spasm is a common injury, especially in people who use a computer for long periods or because of wrong sitting for a certain period . The study aims to identify the effect of the use of massage and some rehabilitation exercises in the treatment of some pain associated with neck spasm . The two researchers used the experimental one-group approach with a pre-and post-test, and the research sample consisted of (19) patients with neck pain who visit the Misrata hospital physiotherapy department. The most important conclusions reached by the two researchers were the presence of an effective positive effect of special physical exercises in reducing the pain associated with neck spasm, and massage using metered mechanisms leads to a positive effect in the treatment of neck spasm and reducing the pain associated with spasm. The two researchers recommended the use of massage to relieve spasms and pain of the neck muscles and regulate working hours, especially when using a computer, and special rehabilitation exercises should be done to follow up and avoid recurrence of neck spasm

The study aimed to identify the effect of using a training program for weight exercises using the isometric training method in developing performance endurance and achievement for bow and arrow players, and the researcher used the experimental approach for its suitability to the nature of the problem. They were divided into two experimental groups working on weight training using the isometric training method in addition to the training subject in the curriculum, and a control group working on the followed curriculum without using weight training using the isometric method. The number of players was (5) players for each group, and the implementation period of the program lasted (12) weeks, with (3) training units per week. In developing the performance and achievement of the experimental group, the researcher recommends the trainers to use the proposed training program for weight exercises using the isometric training method as a companion to the training curriculum for bow and arrow players

There is a close link between biomechanics and the science of sports training. Working on rationing training loads according to a biomechanical law makes the work more standardized and more accurate in implementation. Hence the importance of the study in introducing the physical factor or the biomechanical law in sports training to ration training loads to be easy to apply by trainers to improve. In the game of volleyball As for the research problem, the researcher noticed it by watching most of the Iraqi league matches, so the researcher proposed to solve the problem of this study by introducing mechanical laws to be implemented by the coaches and to be real training loads that depend on individuality in training ability and balance of strength as a hope from him to raise the level The game in the skill under study. The research community was identified in the clubs of Wasit Governorate with volleyball, and the Al-Kut Sports Club was chosen as a sample for the research and for several reasons, including that this club achieved the best level among the clubs for the 2022 season, as well as they own a closed sports hall. The ability exercises had an effective impact in developing the explosive ability of the two men as a result of the intensification of the exercises in the training unit compared to the exercises according to the traditional training to determine the intensity of the training loads. Also, the ability exercises had an active role in affecting the compatibility process between the production of the ability for the two men to jump with vision Visual height of the ball, which increases the height of the players while jumping . As for the most important recommendations: Working on the introduction of mechanical laws in determining the intensity of training loads and moving away from the traditional determination of intensity because there is a big difference whether in determining times, distances or speed.

The results of javelin throwing in the world championships witnessed a remarkable development in the level of digital achievement for young people. This development is linked to the development of the players’ physical abilities. There were many different ways and means of training in order to compete to get the farthest possible distance in this event. Therefore, the importance of research came in the number of instantaneous ability exercises for the arms and legs And knowing their impact on some biomechanical variables and the achievement of javelin throwing for the youth category, the researcher prepared these exercises and applied them to (8) javelin throwers belonging to the Iraqi Athletics Federation who are under (20) years old. For the driving leg, the instantaneous thrust of the leading leg, the instantaneous thrust of the driving leg, the force exerted to the throwing arm, the starting speed, the angle of performance and the distance of achievement), and the research problem was that the exercises used did not take into account many variables and what the athlete needs from the training of instantaneous ability for the purpose of Achieving the technical performance correctly, which is directly reflected on the achievement, and the results showed a remarkable development in the values of the work Biomechanical changes measured and accomplished

The importance in the scientific application came in the effect of special exercises in reducing pain and rehabilitating muscular strength and the motor range of the lower back muscles to increase the balance of the lumbar region and the removal of pain for players in jumping events in athletics. An imbalance in the proportions of the distribution of forces between the different parts of the body, which may negatively affect their skillful performance, as a result of the lack of transmission of force and form a balance between those limbs through the point of connection between them, which means the lower back area, and by that we mean the abdominal muscles and the lower back muscles, which will affect the amount of force generated as a result of the action Muscles and body weight. The two researchers, based on the data of the clinical examination and the magnetic resonance examination, found special exercises that have an impact on rehabilitating the muscular strength and range of motion of the lower back muscles and increasing their stability without recurring injury to the players of the jumping effectiveness in athletics. The research aimed to prepare special exercises to reduce Pain and rehabilitation of muscular strength and range of motion of the lower back muscles of the jumping event players in athletics, and to identify the effect of exercises, especially in reducing pain and rehabilitation of muscle strength and range of motion of the lower back muscles of the jumping event players in athletics. The researchers used the experimental method, the method of one experimental group, due to its suitability to the nature of the problem to be solved, representing the research community of injured jumping and jumping players, where the research sample was chosen by the intentional method, as the research sample was determined by the intentional method of jumping players in athletics in Baghdad governorate, whose number is (6). players, and the researchers reached the following conclusions:- The development in muscular strength and the range of motion of the spine is linked to the disappearance of pain, and therefore the positive effect of rehabilitative exercises led to a clear improvement in the range of motion .In light of this, the following recommendations were reached :- The need to use rehabilitative exercises to rehabilitate the muscles of the lower back and rehabilitate them in the treatment and rehabilitation centers for sports injuries.

The importance of the research lies in identifying the complex skill exercises and their impact on the development of some physical abilities and the level of complex skill performance and seeking to find the best ways and methods to develop them as one of the most important special playing requirements for players, as players who have high physical and skill capabilities are more able to implement what is required of them during matches and give their coaches greater opportunities to choose the type of plan and method of play. The research aims to prepare complex skill exercises to develop some physical abilities and the level of complex skill performance of football players. In favor of the post test, and the researcher used the experimental method by designing two equal groups (controller and experimental) with two tests, pre and posttests to suit the nature of the research problem. A group consisted of (8) players, and the researcher concluded that the skill exercises have Compound has a positive impact on the development of the physical abilities used and the level of the complex skill performance, and the researcher recommends to emphasize the use of compound skill exercises because of their impact on developing the skill performance of football players, and to emphasize the development of the physical abilities of football players because of their impact on the performance of skills The basic principles for football players, and to codify training programs according to the scientific bases, and to adopt functional indicators mainly to determine the loads and rest periods.

The study aimed to identify the reality of the strategic planning of the administrative bodies and human resources and its impact on the level of performance in some Olympic sports federations. , and the descriptive survey method was used to suit the nature of the study. The researcher concluded that the competencies necessary for the current strategic planning in the departments of the federations, which are represented by planning, future vision, goals, numbers of alternative plans, and evaluation below the average level in general, that strategic planning greatly affects the performance of human resources in their various duties such as employment and career path, the planning outputs contribute to identifying points The strengths and shortcomings of human resources and achieving integration among them. The current strategic planning does not contribute to increasing the efficiency of human resources to carry out their work in improving and organizing work and distributing duties. The recommendations were represented in working to increase the activation of strategic planning and indicating its importance to the departments of federations and human resources, applying the requirements and standards for planning and follow-up to raise the level of performance of human resources, providing financial and human capabilities and databases to implement planning according to a clear mechanism and methodology, attracting experts in the field of strategic planning to develop Leadership capabilities in overcoming obstacles and problems that impede the achievement of the objectives of the federations

The study aimed to identify the reality of school sports for middle schools in Wasit governorate. As for the role of school sports competitions in selecting and directing athletes towards the type of sports game, the researchers used the descriptive method to solve the research problem. The research sample included 60 middle school teachers in Wasit governorate center and the two researchers conducted the main experiment for the period from 15/1/2023 to 25/ 4/ 2023 the researchers concluded the following: lack of interest in the establishment of external sports competitions, which prevents the achievement of its goals in the selection process and Sports Guidance, as well as attention to the physical aspect only without periodic medical examinations for students before and during sports competitions, as well as the lack of the use of scientific foundations in the process of Sports Guidance: Increase physical education classes and pay more attention to psychological and educational aspects and to the application of scientific foundations as an indicator of the selection process and Sports Guidance.

This research deals with the impact of training harmonic abilities and visual vision on some of the integrated and individual skills of the football youth, and the research problem was identified in the lack of interest in the exercises of harmonic abilities and visual vision, despite its importance in the development of some integrated and individual skills of the football youth, the research aims to identify the impact of harmonic exercises and visual vision on some of the integrated and individual skills of the football youth in the research sample.
The research sample consisted of (60) junior players from the specialized talent center, and for the age group of (8-13) years, the sample was chosen in a deliberate way, and the researcher used the experimental method, and the researcher concluded that the training of harmonic abilities and visual vision is effective in improving the level of some integrated and individual skills, therefore the researcher recommends the use of the proposed training by all sports clubs and institutions that are interested in the age group under study for its effective role in the development of integrated and individual skills of the football youth.

The study aims to prepare an educational curriculum according to the constructive learning model in evaluating technical performance in freestyle swimming for beginners and to identify the impact of the educational curriculum according to the constructive learning model in evaluating technical performance in freestyle swimming for beginners. The researcher used the experimental method to suit the nature of the problem, and the research community was determined in a deliberate way, represented by the students of the third stage of the Department of physical education and sports sciences - basic Department - Sulaimaniya University for the academic year (2022/2023 ad), the number of members of the research sample reached 20 students, and they were divided into two groups of equal number and equal, and then each group was divided according to the constructive learning model. Through the results reached by the researcher in his study, he concluded the following: the educational curriculum prepared according to the constructive learning model contributed positively to the assessment and learning of basic skills in freestyle swimming. It had a positive impact on raising the skill side of learners. Through the conclusions reached by the researcher, he recommends the following: the need to use the constructive learning model because of its positive effectiveness in evaluating and learning basic skills in freestyle swimming in the departments and colleges of physical education and sports sciences and taking advantage of the results of the current study. Interest in doing research and studies that use creative methods that depend on the learner in teaching motor skills and emphasize taking into account the individual differences between learners by dividing and classifying them according to the constructive learning model in order to prepare their own curriculum, each according to his style

The research problem included identifying the rates of getting rid of the effect of training during the transition period (positive rest ) in order to explain to coaches in building their future training programs accordingly for the football game, and the research aims to evaluate some components of the physical performance of football players during the transition period, and compare the rates of decline between some components of physical performance during this transition period among the players of Nowruz sports club football .The researcher used the descriptive method (survey) and associative relationships to address his research problem. The research was conducted on the sample represented by the players of Nowruz Sports Football Club in Sulaimaniyah governorate for the football season 2022-2023, the number of (12 )players and they were selected in a deliberate way . The researcher used a number of tests for the physical performance of football, such as: the test of bounce handling with the wall for 20 seconds. And the test of fast running with the ball (rolling with the ball) for a distance of 100 m .And the test of hitting the ball against the wall and receiving it with the foot .And the lateral rebound running test. After a presentation and discussion of the results, the researcher came to the following conclusions: the highest level of the components of physical performance of the research sample was in the first phase of the transition period(positive rest period), that the level of decline in the components of physical performance of the players began after the end of the first phase and in all physical tests

Personal health cultural awareness shortens the period between scientific discovery and practical application, by encouraging acceptance of the spread of Health Information, and providing the individual with all the health information and experiences he needs, so that he can participate positively in solving health problems. personal health education is one of the basic elements of primary health care and aims to support and promote health behaviors. The aim of personal health education is to help individuals and athletes to improve their health level through their personal effort and self-reliance, This includes guiding them to proper health behavior to maintain their health.the success of health education is measured by commitment to healthy behavior. The history of research and study in this field ranges from correspondence learning to the use of electronic systems, which have become prevalent through the use of audio, visual, digital, visual, interactive, and transmitted media over distances. The researcher used the experimental method to suit the nature of the study, and the experimental design is used for one group , following the tribal, inter-dimensional and dimensional measurement of the research sample . The researcher applied the study to the players of the training centers in the education of Diyala, the sample was selected in a deliberate way and the total number of the sample reached (35) players. The researcher used statistical treatments and reached through them the development of personal health cultural awareness among the players . The researcher concluded that the personal health cultural program using e-learning has a positive impact on personal health culture. The researcher recommended holding educational courses, seminars and conferences to spread the personal cultural awareness of the athletes of the training centers in the education of Diyala