Journal of Kerbala University

Lipid peroxidation was studied by evaluated the level of (4-HNE) in serum of patients and healthy . In addition the levels of (GSH , HbA1c , Cu , Zn) were evaluated .
Our results indicated and confirmed the roleof free radicals and lipid Peroxidation in the development of Diabetes Mellitus Type II , serum 4-HNE and Cu, HbA1c ware found higher in all patients compared to healthy.
This study also showed that the Levels of (GSH) and Zinc Ware decreased in all patients compared to healthy .

Plastic house experiment was conducted in Horticulture and Forestry Dept./ Al - Najaf Agricultural Directorate from 14/11/2012 until 12/5/2013. The aim was to study the effects of two factors , the first : soil mulching with different colors : transparency , white and black , the second : two quantities of Agricultural media at a ratio of 1:1 and 3:1 soil to compost in addition to control treatment (soil alone ) and their interactions on yield and quality of Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch) cv.'' Festival ''.
Results showed that plants grown in a transparency polyethylene mulch produced the highest yield reached 182.1 g / plant Fruits of black polyethylene mulched soil produced the highest total soluble solid percentage at the first fruits picking reached 6.22 % and the highest total acidity percentage reached 0.48 %. Moreover , fruits of plants grown with white polyethylene soil mulch gave the highest amount of vitamin C at the last picking reached
67.73 mg/ 100g fresh weight .
The ratio of Agriculture medium 1:1 soil to compost has significant effect marked with
the highest total plant yield of 213.0 g / plant accumulated with the production of the highest per cent of total soluble solid at the first picking reached 6.22 % , meanwhile , fruit of control plant treatment gained the highest total acidity percentage at the same picking time, it was 0.51% while , at the last picking time(12/4/2013) fruits of 3:1 treatment gave the highest
amount of vitamin C reached to 68.30 mg / 100g fresh weight .
The interaction between studied factors from transparency polyethylene mulched soil and Agriculture medium at a rat of 1:1. the largest plant yield of 277.5 g/ plant in addition to gain the highest total soluble solid of 6.67 % Interaction between plant of black soil mulch and medium of 3:1 soil to compost produced the highest percentage of total acidity of 0.55 %. Fruits of plants produced from the interactions between transparency white and black mulch and the same above medium the highest values of vitamin C reached 68.30 mg/ 100g fresh weight

Seventy-two female rats were used in the present study and were randomly divided into three groups (each group containing 24 animals), the first group a control ( T1) was divided into 8 females , and blood was collected from which at two days before pregnancy and other 16 female injected sixth day of pregnancy with physiological normal solution intraperitoneally, blood was collected from 8 rats at day 18 pregnancy and other 8 rats at delivery. The second group denoted as (T2) was had induced diabetes month before pregnancy by injection with Alloxan (150 mg / kg of body weight) intraperitoneal then blood was collected from 8 which at two days before pregnancy and other 8 females was at day 18 of pregnancy and other 8 rats at delivery, and the third group denoted (T3) divided into 8 females blood was collected from which at two days before pregnancy and 16 female was had induced diabetes by injection with Alloxan into the 6 day of pregnancy ( 150 mg / kg of body weight) intraperitoneal, then blood was collected from 8 which at two days before pregnancy and other 8 females was at day 18 of pregnancy and other 8 rats at delivery. Body weights of mothers during pregnancy at 9, 18 number of births , weights at birth were recorded blood samples were collected in the period before conception and day 18 of the study of the following: measuring the concentration of estrogen and progesterone, as well as taking the Histological sections of the pancreas and the liver for the purpose of examining the histological changes, the results of the current study showed:
Induced diabetes in rats before pregnancy (T2), during pregnancy (T3) led to a significant decrease P <0.05 in the concentration of estrogen and progesterone in serum compared with control( T1).The results of the study, induced of diabetes in female rat pregnant led to obtain changes in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas births compared with births of female control group, as shown for changes in the tissues of the pancreas as the abundance of alpha- cells and low numbers of beta-cells and the appearance of gaps with in islets of Langerhans.
The results of the study showed that the Induced diabetes in pregnant female rats led to changes in the liver of births compared with female born of the control group, as shown by the congestion of blood vessels in the central vein and hepatic necrosis of liver cells and not the presence of Sinusoids and ngld nuclei.
Inferred from the current study that diabetes Induced effect on some of the hormonal and histological standards in pregnant female and borns white rat.

During the period from December 2003 to August 2004 skin scraping, hairs and nails were collected from 320 patients clinically diagnoses infected with cutaneous mycoses in dermatology department of general Baquba hospital. These specimens were examined by direct a mount with KOH 10% and culture on Sabouraud's Dextrose Agar for isolation and identification of causative fungi.
The results showed that 248 were positive for fungi and according to the causative agent,
these cases were divided in to 3 groups: Dermatophytoses were common 52.4% followed by Pityriases versicolor 25.8% and those with cutaneous candidiasis21,8%.Clinically dermatophytoses were classified in to six shaped, Tinea corporis was the common 44.6% followed by Tinea capitis 39.2%, Tinea facia 10.8%, Tinea pedis 2.3%, Tinea cruris 1.5% and Tinea palmaris 1.5%, therefor the laboratory cultured examined of specimens that collected from these cases were positive in 107 (82.35%) specimens. Trichophyton mentagrophytes (33.6%)were the predominant type of fungi followed by T.rubrum (21.5), T.verrucosum (16.8%), T.tonsurans (11.2%), T.soudanense (9.3%) and T.violaceum (7.5%), and for the best of our knowledge, the species T.soudanense was isolated for the first time in Iraq.
In this study, higher infection rate with T.mentagrophtes (22.4%) and T.verrucosum (11.2%) were found among patients who breed domestic animals inside their houses, However, higer infection rate with T.rubrum (14.9%), T.tonsurans (9.3%), T.soudanese (7.5%), T.violaceum (7.5%) were found among patient who gave positive past family history of dermatophytoses.

This study aimed to determine the effect of aqueous extract of coriander seeds on some physiological and biochemical indicators in male rabbits that have induced diabetias by alloxan .
The study was conducted in the Animal 's house Department of biology in the College of Education for Pure Science - University of Kerbala for the period from the May 2013 until October 2013 , 25 male local rabbits were used by alloxan and randomly divided into five groups (5 animals per group) the first group G1 a group of control and administration daily with a solution of salian Physiological 0.9% and for one month and used as negative control , the second group G2 was have induced diabetes before the month of dosage extract aqueous coriander seeds used as positive control , and the third group G3 has induced diabetes by injected with alloxan and administration orally month after extract aqueous coriander seeds and a dose of 50 mg / kg of body weight per day for a month , and the fourth group G4 was induced with by the injected with alloxan and administration orally after One month from the development of diabetes extract aqueous coriander seeds and a dose of 100 mg / kg of body weight per day for a month , and the fifth group G5 was induced diabetes by the injected with alloxan and administration orally month after the development of diabetes extract aqueous coriander seeds and a dose of 150 mg / kg of body weight per day for a month .
Blood samples were collected from all groups before the induction of diabetes, a month after the induction of diabetes , and after a month of dosing extract aqueous coriander seeds in order to evalute the following criteria: Hemoglobin (Hb Red blood cells count (R.B.C), white blood cells count (W.B.C), Blood Glucose, Aspartate transaminase (AST), Alanine transaminase (ALT) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), the results of the present study showed : Results of the study showed that the development of diabetes in male rabbits led to a significant increase P<0.05 level in Hb, and R.B.C, and low non significant P>0.05 in the W.B.C compared to the positive control group . Also high moral P<0.05 level in the Hb and non significant increase P>0.05 in the number of R.B.C significant decrease (P<0.05) in the number of W.B.C aggregates in treatment extract aqueous coriander seeds , compared to the control positive group . The results of the study, revealed that the development of diabetes in male rabbits led to a significant increase P<0.05 in the concentration of glucose , and effectiveness of the enzymes and liver function AST, ALT, ALP and effectiveness of enzymes and liver function AST, ALT, ALP and lower non- significant P>0.05 at a dose 50 mg / kg of body weight in ALT a compared to the positive control group .
In conclusion that the use of aqueous extract of coriander used in this study serves to reduce or prevent the occurrence of physiological and biochemical changes caused by diabetes.

The annual occurance of Mealybug Nipaecoccus viridis (Newstead) was studied in an orchard of about 10 Donums planted sour orange in Numaniya province of Wasit.In the period from March 1st 2012 to the 28th Febreuary 2013.The Maelybug infestation percentage showed that insect occurred throughout all monthes of the year.Two peaks of infestation percentage were recorded,the first during May June and July months to reach its peak in the August (30 %) with ( 45C°and 26%R.H.),the second peak occurred during the months of September and October and declined then gradually down to (4%) with(17c°and 69%R.H. ) during the cold winter months,In contrast the population densities of the insect coincide to that of infestation percents rates where the insect population have two peaks also,the first continued during the months May,June and July to reach its peak during August (45Female/100 leaves) and the second peak during September and October (36 Female / 100 leaves),then it start to decrease until reaching (4 Female/100 leaves) during cold winter months .65 % of the females distributed on the upper leaf surface while 21%,14% on the lower leaf surface and it’s.petiole respectively. The Predator Chrysoperla carnea was associated with the Mealybug and occurred in flactuated density in all months, it’s densities showed two peaks , the first during the months of June and July to reach its peak during August ( 16 eggs / 100 leaves) and the second peak was in autumn to reach its peak at the end of November ( 22 eggs/ 100 leaves) and low population density was recorded during the winter (4 eggs /100 leaves).The predator had no hibernation period.

The study was perFormed on 30 white adult females of mouse. then they were divided into 3 groups , the first 10 females were submitted to experimeutaly induced of diabetes mellitus by injection with (150mg/kg of .B.W per 1 ml) of Aloxan . the second group expermently incluced by diabotes milletus and treated with Aged Garlic extract ( AGE ) in dose of 5ml/kg of B.W for 28 days . The the third is left for conterol . The tests were performed before and after injection and treatment . fertility index were estimated to consist of gonadal hormones ( FSH , LH , Estrogen and Progesteron ) and the metabolic hormone insulin . then the fertility index ( fertility , index ,Reproductive index , Gestationinde ,post natal viability index , weaning viability ) The study demostrated significant increasing in leveles hormones and fertility indexes . this result explane the role of insulin lower effect on animale fertility by affection on Hypthalmous - pitutary - ovary axise and the using of AgE was effectv in treatment and prevante the nagative effect of inslin difficency .

In this research study the effect of (Aperture) on some of the parameters that control the visual quality of the image formed by Cassegrain telescope for the purpose of evaluate the performance of this telescope that study (RMS) Root Mean Square.
The form of the distribution of the rays Encircled Energy (Enc) and A spherical Aberration is one of the most important factors affecting the composition of the image in the telescope and by which they can evaluate the work of the telescope. I have been studying these parameters through the use of program Zemax where the results showed that an increase in Aperture lead to increased A spherical Aberration in the image or visual system also leads at the same time to increase the area of the bright spot (RMS).
The Encircled Energy they increase less Aperture System spherical and non-spherical system increases and this evidence quality optical design for the case study of this topic telescope Cassegrain.

Is a comprehensive quality management system a Precedency competitiveness seeking senior management valuable different economic units achieved , a weapon competitively important hire companies to attract customers and achieve excellence and leadership in the market competition , aims to increase and improve productivity , after it became clear that like the main factor in the success of many international companies , at a time when I felt the institutions that high quality does not mean high price and this has been confirmed by Japanese industries and Chinese alike They invade the European market and the American quality of production and lower prices , the philosophy developed and modern today is that the quality and continuous improvement of the product and damage zero and QCs ( quality control ) is everyone's responsibility.
Has adopted a search in part, analytical perspectives theory to describe the relationships between key variables ( cost , price and customer satisfaction ) , but the balance between the cost and the prices of products of high quality may give a positive indicator for customer satisfaction , and is cost reduction is a competitive dimension first and one of the main objectives in the system Total Quality Management (TQM) is intended to achieve the greatest possible profits from the planned while maintaining product quality. While the price in the economic systems in three important functions with the stability of the other factors , the first is the distributive function , and the second is a function of choice, The third is the guiding function of production. The search was several conclusions , including;-
1.The 89.5 % of respondents in the study population , see if the lower costs lead to a High on the product , which is reflected positively on the company and the customer satisfaction has earned this indicator 4.475 ) ) points ( out of five points ) with a standard deviation of 0.679 ) ) is supported by the T test to choose the mean, according to the null hypothesis Ho M = 3, against the alternative hypothesis H1 M> 3..
2.The balance between cost and price is a measure of the most important among other metrics in the Quality Management System , a final judgment of the performance of the production process , which seeks to customer satisfaction is what brought him paragraphs (X12 and X13) where I got to the middle of my account ( 4.050 and 4.225 ), respectively and Banhravcan criteria ( 0.932 and 0.832 ) and achieved a clear advantage because of exceeded Osathma computational center hypothesis , and that the respondents agree with the contents of these paragraphs percentage of ( 81 % and 84 % , respectively.)
Find and seal the recommendations was the most important
1.There should be an effective system of Total Quality Management and took elemental cost and price into consideration and study and understanding of customer requirements and expectations for the product through the study of market rival and environmental conditions surrounding the design of the product commensurate with the expectations of the consumer.
2.Must improve the quality of the product and the introduction of new ideas and not just the ideas of traditional expansion of its sales and profit margins in accordance with the well thought out plans and sophisticated , it is the duty of companies today to develop the quality of their products is not as demanding civilized , but also provide an opportunity for national products to compete with the alternatives of imported products offered in the market.

discriminant analysis is a statistical technique Based on a sample of individuals Taken from communities known in advance, In order to build a model that could help to assigned the group that belong to the new individual. In This Research discriminant analysis used to analysis data from Repeated measurements design, We Will Deal With The Problem of Discrimination And Classification In The Case of Two Groups Under The Assumption of Multivariate Normality For Univariate Repeated Measures Data .
Researchers who studied this problem (Roy & Khattree, 2005), where he presented a descriptive study of the two methods under different structures of the covariance matrix To reduce the number of parameters is required to build a classification rule, While researchers (Kshirsagar & Albert, 1993) studied two methods Growth curve and ANCOVA models for descriptive discriminant analysis To describe the relative importance of the occasions repeated measurements to distinguish between groups.
The importance of this research represented to find the best model to Classify a Group of Patients Who Suffer From Diabetes, For The Purpose of Studying The Effects of The Number of Correlations, Variances, and Number of Repeated Measurements on The Performance of Classification Rules For This Type of Data , Based on Monthly Measurements of Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1C) In The Blood Was Taken In Three Stages, Which Is The Beginning of The Experiment, and After Three Months, and Then Six Months for two groups of patients, the first group consists of (38) patients was Suffered from diabetes type I and the second group includes (33) patients Suffered from diabetes type II,
which has modeled by assuming the Autoregressive (AR-1) covariance structure To reduce the number of parameters is required to build a classification rule Across a Range of Conditions of Homogeneity and Heterogeneity For The Covariance Matrix. In Addition to Assuming Covariance Structures we Will Assume The Structured Mean Vectors Without Time Effect on each Individual. And Some of Computational Schemes For Maximum Likelihood Estimates of Required Population Parameters are Given.
And Through this research, concluded that when the number of parameters began to increase, Thus, the apparent error rate Begin to increasing, And this is what reduces the efficiency of classification rules for this type of data. And We recommend by using the linear discriminant function under (AR-1) Covariance Structures, When you focus on the least number of parameters to build the Classification rule

Recently Iraq experienced many environmental problems, caused by global climate changes. Therefore, it is important to monitor the real change in temperature. In order to achieve this goal, it requires a very large network of ground stations. MOD11A1 product is a tile of daily LST product (land surface temperature) at 1 km spatial resolution with a reasonable accuracy that needs to be improved. By a statistical model that relates ground truth temperature with result of LST from MODIS data it is possible to generate a correction algorithm. Lumping all daily average data of six Iraqi cities over three years a regression line that correlate، daily average truth ground temperature (TG) with daily average LST obtained from MODIS data. This correlation can be used to get a better estimation to the average daily truth temperature for any area within 1 km2 resolution in Iraq region for any given MODIS average daily LST of this area.

Four feeding treatments of common carp Broad stock were conducted involved the following:(T1:Good feed (with 23%protein) with manuring , T2:Simple feed (rice) with manuring , T3: manuring only, T4: buying the brood stocks from local market).
No Significant difference was noticed between T1 and T2 , and also betweenT3 and T4 for all the studied characteristics (response rate , egg weights / group, egg weight to body weight ratio, produced fingerlings number and permanency ratio). T1 and T2 were Significantly(p<0.05) greater thanT3 and T4 for the all studied characteristics, meanwhile the economic evaluation of the studied hatcheries, showed that the highest costs were in T1 while the lowest costs was in T3. The total income was the highest in T1 and the lowest in T3, the highest profit was achieved in T2 (38.400 million Iraqi dinar) which depends on simple feeding with rice and manuring , then T1(37.280 million Iraqi dinar) followed by T3(10.650 million Iraqi dinar) and the last T4 (6.290 million Ira dinar) .

Callosobruchus maculates F. is one of the most serious insects, that causing huge damages to several chick – peas seeds in many area in the world. So this research is concentrated on the toxicant influence of the extracted powder seeds of three plants of Peganum harmala L and black pepper Piper nigrum, fenugreek Trigonella feonim as used stock of seeds per plant and four volumes ( 4, 2 , 1, 0.5) g and the treatment is accomplished in a complete cycle of the insect life time by monitoring the effect after 24 hours respectively. In addition to that it is compared with reference sample results these results exhibited the killing effect of each powder plant employed in this study, the result indicates that the powdered fenugreek seeds highest kill the insect reached 82% and the amount of 4 grams and less kill ratio of seed powder black pepper stood at 75% and the amount of 2 g.

Five locations for soil pedons were chosen, within the coordinates (42º13'49ʺand 45º55'59.0ʺ)east of longitude and the coordinates (32º15'60ʺand 34º48'17.51ʺ)north of latitude from the middle of Iraq, having the case of variation in the topographic and geologic formation affecting the genetic and formative condition in the region .Soil pedons were exposed and described according the survey manual used in Iraq . Soil samples were taken from all soil horizons for chemical ,physical and mineral analysis.
Results indicated that the studied soils showed variation in the formative condition, viz; in the type and thickness of horizons and their arrangement because of locational factors for each Pedons as well as the impact of dry environmental conditions. All soils involved in this study did not show a certain pattern of distribution of soil fraction with the depth in all soil pedons reflecting the weakness of pedoginic process responsible for the composition as a result of the impact of the sedimentary condition for parent material and the prevailing drought conditions. The reason of prevailing coarse texture in soils to the nature of the parent material originally, as well as the content of gypsum and limestone that present with the sizes of different sands The results indicates that the original source, which derived from it minerals components formative for the study soils is mainly metamorphic rocks and low degrees of turning and high degrees of transformation and igneous rocks (acidic and alkaline) and sedimentary rocks re-deposited. It also indicates that there is a similarity in the nature of the mineralogical composition of the soils, involved in the current study, in terms of proportions of distribution of light and heavy minerals and variations. The results showed the prevalence of effect of the parent material on the rest of the soil formative factors in determining the mineralogical composition of most soils that reflect the nature of the geological formations and the physiographical locations .It was also found that there was a difference in weathering index values of light and heavy minerals resistant to weathering to the easy weathering between the same horizon. The results indicated high rates of weathering index values for heavy minerals in soils which represents the desert regions of the oldest geological ages. Weathering index values were found to be high for light minerals in soils that represent the sedimentary regions of modern geological ages because of their effect in the value of feldspar mineral caused by the fluctuation of the ground water level .

The main aim of this research is to derive rule to find values of double integrals, numerically its integrands have singular partial derivatires not on the end of the region of integration by using the mid point rule with the two direction x and y . and the derive the correction error terms and we used Romberg acceleration to improve the results when the number of subintervals on the direction of dimension equal to subintervals on the direction of dimension y . and we will use the symbole RMM to indicate this method and we can depend on this method because it gave high accuracy on the results with respect to the analytical values of integrations and with little subintervals

The main aim of this research is to derive rule to evaluate double integrations its integrands continuous but have singularity at its derivatives on points not in the end of limits of region of integrals by using Trapezoidal method over interior dimension and exterior dimension and to find correction terms(formula of error) for it and using Romberg acceleration [2]and [3] to improve the results of integrations by depending on correction terms that we found with Romberg acceleration when the numbers of subintervals on the -dimension equal to the subintervals on the -dimension that is mean whereas is the distances on -axis and is the distances on the -axis.
We named this method by RTT and this method we can depend on it to evaluate double integrations which has singular derivatives on its integrands since it gave high accuracy on the results with little subintervals.

In this research ,we prepared CdSe thin film by using the thermal evaporation method with thickness 4000 Ao for one hour on the ground of glasses. and thus plasticizer this film for 200 Co in one hour and subjected it to x-ray by using the Cs-137 source for study the optical properties where the energy gap was calculated, refractive index , extinction index and real and imaginary dielectric factors before and after irradiation and annealing . The comparison between the results which we obtained in all cases .Where it was noted that both of annealing and irradiation affects on the optical properties of the membrane and any decrease in absorbent values of the refractive factors , the real and imaginary dielectric factors and increasing transmission values , optical energy gap , the extinction index and imaginary dielectric factors

Volatile oils of medicinal plants such as thyme (thymus vulgare.L), anise (Pimpinella anisum ) and sage (salvia officinalis) plant have anti microbial activity and used for treatment many diseases caused by different microorganisms .
The aim of this study is evaluation and investigation the effect of volatile oil of anise ,sage , and thyme plant against Hyalomma ticks .
The treatment of this study were included six treatment are control (ectobor)R ,anise oil ,salvia oil , thyme oil , mixture of volatile oil of these plant and cream which contain volatile oils of these plants.
The result were showed active effect of salvia oil. Mixture oil and volatile oils cream compared with control during all time of experiment , the highest value of main acricidal effect were obtained at volatile oils cream during (48) and (72)hours ,after treatment or application ,also the salvia oil and mixture volatile oils were gave highest value with significant differences from control during all experiment time .
The results showed no significant differences at anise and thyme oil and haven’t effect activity against hyalomma during experiment .
The value or main acaricidal percentage at mixture and volatile cream are during (72) hours after application are (100,100) respectively.

The present study introduce record of a new species belongs to the genus Cypridopsis Brady 1867(Ostracoda).The outside characteristics with in size,structure and shape of the tow valves left and right ,and appendages of body :first and second antenna ,mandible ,maxilla, first, second, third,thoracopod anduropod, were discussed and illustrate. locality,time and dates of collection were recorded also some ecological notes.

The research aims to study the addition effect of Palm leaves or Rice husk Fibers on the compressive, tensile and flexural strength of local ordinary Gypsum mortar. These fibers were added to Gypsum mortar with ratios of (0.5,1.5,2.5,3.5,4.5,5.5)% from Gypsum weight with (5,15,25,35,45) mm length and (1.25) mm diameter for date leaves,(5) mm length with (1.25)mm width for rice husks to know their effects on the above mentioned mortar properties. (340) test samples were required,(16)samples for reference Gypsum mortar to find its standard consistency, hardening time, compressive, tensile and flexural strength. The rest (324) samples are for the samples of strengthened Gypsum mortar with the mentioned two fibers types for compressive, tensile and flexural strength tests with (108) samples for each test of these tests to know the effect of these fibers on the mortar properties containing them by comparing with Gypsum reference mortar properties. Results showed that the best addition ratio of Palm leaves fibers for Gypsum mortar is (4.5) % of Gypsum weight with(35)mm fibers length for increasing compressive strength by (27.64) %, tensile by (47.93) % and flexural strength by(23.27) % more than its reference strength while the best addition ratio of Rice husk fibers to Gypsum mortar is (3.5) % of Gypsum weight for increasing compressive strength by (25) %, tensile by(38.84) % and flexural strength by(16.81) % more than its reference strength. The addition of these fibers with these ratios and lengths were improved some of the ordinary Gypsum mortar mechanical properties.

LiNbO3 thin films were prepared on quartz substrates by sol-gel process using Lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) and niobium oxide. Several testing were done to study the characteristics of the sample,including X-ray diffraction,as well as transmission and digital holographic microscope(DHM).We have employed Z-Scan technique to study the nonlinear optical properties, represented by the nonlinear refractive index and nonlinear absorption coefficients of a thin film. Z-Scan experiment was performed using a CW Nd:YAG and Nd:YVO4 lasers in two parts ; the first part has been done using a close aperture at two wavelengths(532 nm and 1064 nm) and the second part was carried out using an open aperture at two wavelengths(532 nm and 1064 nm).

This study aimed to determine the effect of metronidazole (MTZ) drug on the levels of progesterone and estrogen hormones during blastocyst implantation in the pregnant rat uterus during the implantation period. Understanding the roles of the variety of pregnancy hormones in uterine receptivity for implantation is essential to enhancing reproductive health and fertility in humans and domestic animals. Forty eight female rats of confirmed pregnancy have been used ,divided into two treated groups received oral dosage commercial drug, 9 mg / 200 gm of life body weight as treatment dose of drug, 18 mg as double the treatment dose and 27 mg as the triple treatment dose.
The results of this study revealed that taking treatment dose and double dose of the drug for 7 dpc group of pregnant rats cause decrease the level value of estrogen hormone in blood serum but this decrease didn’t reach significant level p>0.05. It was significant p<0.05 at the triple dose, and it is significant p<0.05 inversely for 9 dpc period, It means that the estrogen hormone level was decreased when the drug dose was increased were there were significant decrease p<0.05 in the value of progesterone level of blood serum at treatment dose, double and triple dose of the drg. There was significant affect p<0.05 for the mean of progesterone level in blood serum of the treated animal.

This study was carried out to compare the immunological response produced by using three different types of IBD vaccine .This study was conduct in the Kerbala city by using one hundred and forty broiler chicks of Ross breed were used in this study ,twenty chicks were sacrificed randomly for ELISA test to detect of maternal antibody of IBD at one day of age ,While the other one hundred and twenty chicks were divided in to four equal groups vaccinated by live attenuated vaccine against IBD at 14 days age by drinking water method as followed : Group G1: 30 birds were vaccinated with a hot vaccine live attenuated ((Intervet 228E vaccine)) in the drinking water at, 14 days of age. Group G2: 30 birds were vaccinated with a intermediate plus live attenuated (Ceva IBD-L) in the drinking water at 14 days of age. Group G3: 30 birds were vaccinated with a intermediate live attenuated (Intervet D78 vaccine) in the drinking water at 14 days of age. Group G4: 30 birds were not vaccinated (control). ELISA test were conducted to determine antibody titer at one, 21, 32 days of age for all groups in addition to histology of bursa of fabricious were done in present study. The results showed significant differences at (p<0.01)among vaccinated groups ,the antibody titer was higher in groups vaccinated with intermediate plus and intermediate strain than that virulent strain. And also the results of histological examination of bursa of Fabricius showed that intermediate plus and intermediate strain did not causes harm effects on chicken immune system . This study showed that vaccination by intermediate plus IBD vaccine strain gave a batter immune response and safety than virulent and intermediate vaccine in case of high maternal immunity.

Background: One of the important applications of the Abrasive blasting materials such as carborundum, aluminum oxide, glass beads are used to remove rust, impurities, and coatings (paint) from crown and bridges or removable partial denture (chromium cobalt) . Sandblasting techniques are used for cleaning metals, when the metal exposed to abrasive materials to cleaning industrial as well as They are the most important materials used in dental applications but is rarely used for non-metallic work pieces. Surface roughness of cast metal frameworks may lead to difficulties in finishing or polishing procedures and weaken the framework.
This study aims: Measuring and comparing the surface roughness of nickel chromium alloy by using different types of air abrasive materials such as carborundum, aluminum oxide, glass beads and evaluating the results of the surface roughness test of nickel chromium alloy after using different types of air abrasive.
Methods: Thirty samples from ni.cr. Alloy that exposed to air abrasive materials such as (carborundum, aluminum oxide, glass beads) and specimens were prepared as follow:
1- 10 samples for group A (aluminum oxide). 2- 10 samples for group B (carborundum).
3- 10 samples for group C (glass beads).
Results: Showed that significant differences among these groups. It appeared that the physical properties are: the carborundum material (higher surface roughness 2.22) and the glass beads (lower surface roughness 1.77).
Conclusion: the results revealed that the higher surface roughness is the carborundum materials that can be use for retention with ceramic while the lower surface roughness is the glass beads material can be use for cast crown or bridge or removable partial denture (chromium cobalt).

Design types of shielding polymers to protect patients and personnel from the effect of scattered radiation during radiotherapy. Some shielding factors were calculated such as mass attenuation coefficient (µm), half value layer (HVL), effected atomic number (Zeff ) and heaviness for polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as matrix material mixed with various levels of lead acetate (10 - 50 wt. % ) as reinforced materials at photon interactions in the wide gamma ray energy range of 0.001-100 MeV using XCOM program and measured at 0.662 MeV by usage a 137Cs radioactive source. The experimentally obtained values were generally in good agreement with the theoretical ones. The results revealed that the shielding properties of poly vinyl alcohol increased with the addition of lead acetate. Gamma ray shielding properties of our polymer samples have been compared with standard ordinary concrete. It was found that 20wt.% of lead acetate (CH3COO)2Pb is the minimum percent mixed with PVA improves the gamma ray shielding properties best than standard ordinary concrete (NIST).

As digital data is transferred and exchanged through the internet, numerous threats are imposed. Many hackers try to infiltrate transferred data unless security is considered during transmission. The process of video steganography is an engineering term which implies implanting video sequence in a cover sequence. The paper proposes a new technique of embedding video sequence data called "secret video" in cover video data. The technique provides a robust method to conceal secret information in cover video using signal transform. A discrete cosine transform (DCT) is applied on each secret video frame to localize the energy of the frame and scan the frame in the transform domain to recognize similar patterns. After converting the patterns to binary bits using fixed block codes, the blocks are embedded in the cover frame using dynamic least significant bit algorithm. This technique has provided a robust and secure embedding technique without apprising the hacker of a certain video data embedded. Many performance parameters are employed to measure the quality of stego video and reconstructed secret video.

Electrical devices, which mostly used at houses, industrial, commercial purposes and other applications,require amendment for itspower to some standard forms. Typically, rectification would be necessaryfor a proper operation and for a high performance.The electrical devices are representedas non-linear loads therefore, it isproducing a non-sinusoidal current, and as a result, they are working with a poor power factor.
In this research paper,an active power factor correction circuit designed by using Switch Mode Power Supply (SMPS) "Buck Converter"type, to improve the power factor. The input parameters are 220V, 50Hz. Moreover, the Average Current Mode Control (ACMC) method has been implemented to observe the effect of the corrected active power factor on the circuit. Theresearch starts with the study of the power factor anddesigning the proposed system.The software P-SIM (6.1)will be used in designing the circuit and viewing the waveforms. The main advantage of use P-SIM software is providing a powerful simulation environment for power electronics and power conversion systems. Finally, the simulation results in the current research are compared with the adopted research results.

A large collection of different systems need to reliable and accurate tracking of persons in sequence of video to use in a variety of applications such understanding of human actions and interactions, the interaction between human and computer, monitoring and security, augmented reality, editing of video, control to traffic, the communication by video and medical imaging. but the old techniques are inadequate for such tracking; instead a young technology will be used it is biometrics technology. The goal of this search is to Proposed a biometrics video tracking system use multiple biometrics technology to reliable and accurate tracking for persons in sequence of video and will proposed new biometric for tracking person is skeleton. Also this search explains most related concepts to this goal. and introduces general view of use biometrics to persons tracking. where A person is one of objects of interest in video, but tracking persons is a critical task because actions by humans in real-world settings involve large changes in the person's pose and the relative orientation with respect to the camera and different appearances. Biometrics techniques in this concern will be discussed. it involves persons recognition automatically depend on their behavioral and biological traits. Biometrics like face recognition and gait can be used to detect and tracking human in a video sequence. where this process involves continual estimate of person(s) location by using a camera. This process called video tracking The heart of video tracking is video tracker which estimates the location of the object over time. As known, objects of interest in a video sequence may be persons or other objects. In order to recognize person’s anatomical and behavioral traits for persons are used which make the video tracker recognize persons in more trust. but despite current development, and increase the progress in the future no system to now can strongly deal with the complexities of human pose and motion and human biometrics in an entirely general setting.

The present study was undertaken to investigate the antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects of aqueous extract of Iraqi propolis (AEIP) in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in Wister rats by single intraperitoneal administration of alloxan monohydrate (150 mg/kg). Animals were divided into five groups (n=6) in each receiving different treatments. Graded doses (150mg/kg and 300 mg/kg) of AEIP were studied in alloxan-induced diabetic rats for a period of 28th days. Glibenclamide (600 μg/kg) was used as a reference drug. For histomorphological study of pancreas , the animals were killed after 28 days , routine haematoxylin and eosin stain. In alloxan-induced diabetic rats, the daily oral treatment with AEIP significantly recover the weight (p>0.01) with respect to the control group, also a significant reduction in blood glucose. Besides, administration of AEIP for 28th days significantly(p>0.01) decreased serum contents of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein LDL and very low density lipoprotein VLDL whereas HDL-cholesterol was effectively increased. The histopathological studies also indicated that AEIP is effective in regeneration of insulin secreting β-cells. Studies clearly demonstrated that AEIP possesses hypoglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects mediated through the restoration of the functions of pancreatic tissues and insulinotropic effect.

Euphrates river is one of the longest rivers in the world, one of the two rivers in Iraq. In the study area it's bounded by agricultural land that’s belongs to Mesopotamian plain. Human activities include tourism, fishing, settlement and mainly agricultural land considering the predominant land use.
During this research, the researcher traveled the entire length of the studied part of the river by boats. During this trip, a number of bank erosion sites were identified, bank material samples were collected, photographs were taken, and field evaluations of the causative factor or factors were noted.
Most bank erosion sites are occurring due to a combination of hydraulic and geotechnical forces. The agricultural land reduction and loss of property regards as the predominant problem of bank erosion. The periodically monitor of the river bank, the best way to determine new bank erosion site or sites and to treat it at the first stage without more losses. Cane and bulrush that’s growing naturally at both river sides, the friendly environment protection method to stabilize new bank.

The main purpose of this paper is to find Artin's characters table of the group (Q2m×D3)when m is a prime number, which is denoted by Ar(Q2m×D3) where Q2m is denoted to Quaternion group and D3 is the Dihedral group of order 6 .Moreover we have found the cyclic decomposition of Artin's cokernel AC(Q2m×D3) when m is a prime number .

This study was conducted to determine the effect of two levels of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) powder, which were (0.5 & 1.00)% under different storage conditions to increase the number of lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum (LBP) the best treatment was C1(0.5 gm dried oyster mushrooms powder before storage with12%recovered skim milk )which amounted to 475.5×107 cfu/ml followed by C4 (1.0 gm dried oyster mushrooms powder after three weeks of storage at a temperature of 30 Cᵒ with 12%recovered skim milk)which amounted to 287.5×107cfu/ml compared to control which was 41×107 cfu/ml . After a week of storage products manufactured the best treatment in dilution 108 was C3 (1.0 gm dried oyster mushrooms powder before storage with 12%recovered skim milk)which amounted to 29.5×108 cfu/ml compared to control was 4.0×108cfu/ml . Evaluated the models for five treatments sensory and the treatment C1 was closest to the treatment control of the sensory and accept consumer, amounting to 38.42 a degree of flavor, 32.83 degrees of body and texture either acidity amounted to 8.417 degrees compared to control which amounted to (38.63, 34.00, 6.250) degree for each of the attributes of flavor ,strength and textures and acidity respectively. Treatments C3 , C4 got on the lower grades the attributes of flavor ,body and textures amounting to (34.00 , 33.92) degree for the recipes flavor. (29.50 , 28.17) degree for the recipe strength and textures respectively. The recipe acidity got the highest degree , amounting to 10 for each of the treatments C4, C3 While we noted that the numbers of bacteria were fixed for each treatments

This paper studied an experimental and CFD investigation of heat transfer characteristics of horizontal circular pipe500mm long using internal rings ribs of 80mm width ,80mm height, n=7, p =100mm, with air as the working fluid. Reynolds number 31170 was taken. The steel pipe(ASM4120) was subjected to different constant surface temperatures(573,873,and 1173Ko). The experimental data obtained were compared with plain (without ribs)case. Based on the same coolant flow, the pipe with internal ring ribs was found to possess the highest performance factors for turbulent flow. The results show a good agreement between theoretical and experimental by factor 3.6%. The heat transfer rates obtained is 32.22times over the smooth channel. for a given Reynolds number. The use of internal ring ribs improved the heat transfer in circular pipe. All studies where carried out using workbench programFlUENT14.5.

This study included the in to ten lactating rats and adapted then in similar environmental condition and divided two groups 6 lactating rats for drainage and four rats for control group , then they were drainaged after they were parturated with levofloxacin 500 mg /ml per a day for ten days according to body weight as a therapeutic dose. After the final dosing the blood were collected and the half of juvenile rats were scarified for histopathological study of knee joint cartilages. The results showed the presence of fibrosis with degenerative changes in epiphyseal cartilages growth plate with shrunken chondrocytes in comparative with control group. The last part of experiment the treated (6 lactating rats) were divided two groups, 3 lactating with omega 3 for ten days and three lactating leaved with out treated , the treated group with omega 3 showed regeneration of chondrocytes and less fibrosis in comparative with untreated group by omega 3 .

This study included the in to ten lactating rats and adapted then in similar environmental condition and divided two groups 6 lactating rats for drainage and four rats for control group , then they were drainaged after they were parturated with levofloxacin 500 mg /ml per a day for ten days according to body weight as a therapeutic dose. After the final dosing the blood were collected and the half of juvenile rats were scarified for histopathological study of knee joint cartilages. The results showed the presence of fibrosis with degenerative changes in epiphyseal cartilages growth plate with shrunken chondrocytes in comparative with control group. The last part of experiment the treated (6 lactating rats) were divided two groups, 3 lactating with omega 3 for ten days and three lactating leaved with out treated , the treated group with omega 3 showed regeneration of chondrocytes and less fibrosis in comparative with untreated group by omega 3 .

Traffic flow and tours represent one of the most important issues in what is known as city planning since their results show how the main street, hi ways, and intersections look like and how they are connected to each other to give the maximum performance and traffic flow during the different time intervals including the rush hours.
In this paper we present a traffic model for AlNajaf City based on graph theory, Minimum Spanning Tree, and Shortest Path Algorithms. The model shows the best network paths and alternative tours for the traffic flow in the main streets and intersections in different rush hours. Different tools and software were used in the implementation of the proposed model, including MatLab( Matrix-Laboratory ) , AutoCad, and others.

This study depends on the soluting of differential equation a ccomplished the following :-
Calculating (time whitening , density with time , time with Temperature using laser Er:YAG wavelength (2940nm) . mathematical relation have been studied with the following (density , time whitening , time activation , Temperature) . The result of research showed that density increases with time whitening , through which we can notice obtain typical designs for this type of laser and study effects compartion with other type The laser Er:YAG beam is fully absorbed in the gel and does not penetrate to the hard tissue or the lip.

The nuclear shell model has been employed to compute the binding energies , low-lying excitation states electric quadrupole transition rates of titanium isotopes in fp-shell region. The model space includes all configurations of nucleons in the 0f7/2 1p3/2 0f5/2 and 1p1/2 orbits, as well as the shell model describes well the energies of the intruder states. Calculations have been performed with effective interactions GXFP1 , FPD6 and KB3G in full fp space and the shell model code OXSBASH for Windows were employed . The computed binding energies, the low-lying states and electric quadrupole transition rates were in reasonably agreement with experimental data for the isotopes 42,44,46,48Ti

β-Thalassemia is more an inherted anemia publicity that common in the world and especially in Mediterranean region,and the most important cause of mortality in patients with β –thalassemia . The present study carried out on ( 75 ) children of males and females thier age from (1-12 ) years with B- thalassemia in Al- Najaf ,there were (60%)child of them infected with B- thalassemia major , who consult the thalassemia center for teaching Al- Zahra Hospital for birth and children in Najaf governorate, while ( 15 ) healthy child used as a control group.The results presnt study showed that a significant decrease ( p < 0.05 ) in number of red blood cells and the concentration of heamoglobin and packed cell volume ( PCV ) and the values of the mean corpuscular volume ( MCV ) and the number of blood platelets in the blood of infected children with β- thalassemia major compared with healthy children, while the results showed a significant increase ( P < 0.05 ) in the total number of white blood cells in children infected with the disease compared with the control group, as the current research distincted that the ratio of males infected with β- thalassemia higher than the ratio of females ( % 68. 33 , % 31.67 respectively ) , also children had blood group ( A ) were the most susceptible to the infection with β-thalassemia ( 38.33 % ) compared with the other blood groups , as the infected children who carry the factor rhesus positive ( Rh+ ) were ( % 65 ) higher than the patients with rhesus factor negative ( Rh- ) (35 %)

Privacy preserving data mining is a latest research area in the field of data mining. It is defined as “protecting user’s information”. Protection of privacy has become an important in data mining research because of the increasing ability to store personal data about users and the development of data mining algorithms to infer this information. The main goal in privacy preserving data mining is to develop a system for modifying the original data in some way, so that the private data and knowledge remain private even after the mining process. In this paper we proposed system that used PAM clustering algorithm in health datasets in order to generate set of clusters, then we suggested to select only one cluster to be hidden between another clusters in order to increasing the privacy of users information .The selected cluster are considered as sensitive cluster. Protecting the sensitive cluster is done by using privacy techniques through of modifying the data values(attributes) in the dataset. We suggest to use randomization techniques )Additive Noise , Data Swapping( and Data copying (which it is new suggested technique in this thesis) to prevent attacker from concluding users privacy information in the sensitive cluster. After modification the same clustering algorithm is applied for modified data set to verify whether the selected cluster are hidden or not. Experimental results on these proposed techniques proved that the PAM algorithm is efficient for clustering in all data sets and the selected cluster are protected efficiently by using (Additive Noise , Data Swapping, Data Copying) techniques. These techniques are applied on Wisconsin breast cancer, diabetes and heart stat log data set. The privacy ratio on heart stat log data set was 48%, 52.1739 % and 31.25% in Data Copying, Additive Noise and Data Swapping techniques, respectively, because these kinds of data sets have the special property that they are extremely sparse. Experimental results also proved that the Data copying technique is faster than the existing techniques (swapping and noise addition), finally the results of proposed system proved that the distortion of data can be reduced when the privacy ratio was increased. These are an important issues in PPDM, therefore the proposed system is highly successful in achieving the protection of privacy

Flowshop scheduling is a well-known research field for many years. As the problem size gets bigger, an analytical solution becomes impossible. Here, heuristic solutions come to the stage. In the literature, generally solutions regarding a multi-objective are developed; and multi-objective is generally used for three machines. In this paper, the weighted mean completion times and weighted mean tardiness flowshop machine scheduling have been considered, so heuristic methods have used: Genetic Algorithms (GA) are a population-based Meta heuristics. They have been successfully applied to many optimization problems. However, such pure genetic algorithms that makes them incapable of searching numerous solutions of the problem domain. A Memetic Algorithm (MA) is an extension of the traditional genetic algorithm. That uses a local search technique to reduce the Variable Neighborhood Search (VNS). The methods were tested and gave various experimental results which shows that a pure memetic algorithm performs better than the pure genetic algorithms for such type of NP-Hard combinatorial problem. And the hybrid genetic algorithms versions with VNS, give good solutions better than hybrid MA and both were better than pure algorithms.

In this paper, we study the implicative ideal of a BH-algebra. We state and prove some theorems which determine the relationship between this notion and the other types of ideals of a BH-algebra, also we give some properties of this ideal and link it with other types of ideals of a BH-algebra.

In order to study the pituitary gland of rats, ten samples were collected from animal house in (Veterinary.Medicine of Kerbala university).This work contains anatomical and histological studies. The present anatomical study revealed that the rat has a disc-shape of pituitary gland, white color, tightly attached with the dura mater. The gland was 3mm in diameter, located caudally to the base of brain near the cerebellum. The present study found that the rat has a well developed adenohypophysis and full-developed neurohypophysis. The main histological results were the lobulation of the pituitary gland, adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis, these structures which appear as a wing, pars distalis it located laterally while the pars nervosa is located in middle. The pituitary gland in rats didn’t surrounded by a true capsule. The acidophils were smaller than basophils while the chromophobe were largest cells in pars distalis.

The main purpose of this paper is to study some properties of kernels of hesitant soft relations and functions. We have used measurable simple function as membership value in the soft set theory introduced by Molodtsov in 1999. This paper contains some basic definitions on hesitant soft sets and relations introduced byD. Rout and T.Som[2]. Furthermore, we introduce and discuss kernels of hesitant soft relations and also hesitant soft functions with related some results.

Our aim in this paper is to study the equivalence hesitant soft relations . We introduce and discuss the closures of equivalence hesitant soft relations

This study was conducted to serologically, biologically and molecularly characterize the ordinary strain of Potato virus S (PVSO) isolated from different potato fields located at the James Hutton Institute (JHI), Dundee City, Scotland, U.K. Fifteen potato leaf samples with one or more disease symptoms of leaf mosaic, distortion, mottling and yellowing were collected during the 2010-2011 growing season and serologically tested by double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) for six plant viruses, including Potato virus Y (PVY), Potato virus A (PVA), Potato virus V (PVV), Potato virus X (PVX), Potato leafroll virus (PLRV) and Potato virus S (PVS). ELISA results showed that 10 samples among the 15 collected samples were found to be infected with PVS.
Mechanical inoculation of Chenopodium amaranticolor plants with PVS isolates induced typical symptoms of chlorotic local lesions which later developed to necrotic lesions. No obvious symptoms were observed on the non-inoculated upper leaves of C. amaranticolor. However, the presence of the virus was confirmed, by DAS-ELISA and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), in the inoculated leaves of C. amaranticolor and no virus was detected in the non-inoculated leaves of the same plants.
Examination of the virus particles by electron microscopy (EM) showed the presence of only straight filamentous particles with a length of 650 nm and a width of 12 nm, which were similar to the reported dimensions of PVS particles. However, no other virus particles related with any other plant virus with the exception of PVS particles were observed, in the examined test samples. The results also showed that all PVS isolates obtained in this study was not transmissible by Myzus persicae and Aphis nasturtii aphids.
PCR amplification, cloning and sequencing of the coat protein (CP) and 11KDa genes of PVS isolates showed 100% pairwise nucleotide identity. Based on maximum nucleotide identity, results proposed that all of these isolates were found to be belonged to the ordinary strain of PVS (PVSO).

The interacting boson model has been used to calculate the positive parity states of stable and neutron rich isotope 164Er .A simple parameterization has been used which corresponds to a description close to the SU(3) limit of the model. The energy values, B(E2) values and potential energy surfacewere calculated. The resultshave reasonable agreement with the experimental energies and B(E2) values.The 164Er isotope has shown its membership to the rotational SU(3)limit. The IBM-1 predicted the energy levels of (1.935 and2.056 MeV) with spin and parity 3+ and 4+,respectively in βγ-band, , also the energy level of (2.255 MeV) was limited with spin and parity 6+in ββ-band under IBM-1.

The oral cavity contains some of the most varied and vast flora in the entire human body, several diseases involves the gastrointestinal systems and manifest in the oral cavity.
Materials and Methods. forty five diabetic patients (12 males and 33 females, age range between 23-68 years) complained of signs and symptoms of diabetes mellitus, the fasting blood sugar was above the normal (100 mg/d l). The second group included fifteen persons (13 males and 2 females) who presented with no signs and symptoms of diabetes and HbA1c was within normal range (5.5-6.5). Swabs from different site of teeth.
Results. Bacterial micro-organism was isolated from the all site of oral cavity, in normal person, Staph. Epidermidis and Strepto. Mutanes were high in number and E.Coli.and Strepto. Sangious were less number. Strepto.Mutanes, Klibsielia Pneumonia , Staph . epidermidis and Strepto. Sangious were high number bacterial micro-organisms which was inhabitant In uncontrolled diabetic patients , and Strepto. proteus was less number bacterial micro-organism was isolated from the all site of oral cavity.
Discussion. A variety of organisms in the microenvironment of the oral cavity adhere to the teeth, the gingival sulcus, the tongue, and the buccal mucosa. The normal flora in healthy individuals was differed than in un controlled diabetic patients may be due to dietary changes combined with poor oral hygiene especially in old age uncontrolled diabetic patient, or may be due to changes of the PH of the oral cavity and or decrease in salivary flow due to atrophy of aging.