Misan Journal for Physical Education Sciences

This research aims to reveal the impact of using a collective counseling program based on cognitive-behavioral theory in reducing psychological stress among players with special needs (physically disabled in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi) Zayed Center for Humanitarian Care and to achieve it the researcher used the quantitative and qualitative approaches, collecting quantitative approach data using the psychological stress scale from a sample of 30 players and players randomly distributed equally into two experimental and control groups, and collecting qualitative approach data using an individual open personal interview with 4 members of the group The collective counseling program in this research was based on cognitive-behavioral theory, and it consists of 10 counseling sessions by two sessions per week, and each session ranged between (50-45) minutes and after analyzing the quantitative data statistically, the research reached statistically significant differences at the level of significance (α ≥ 0.05) Between the scores of the members of the experimental and control groups on the total degree of the psychological stress scale in favor of the experimental group on the dimensional and follow-up measurements, the analysis of the content of qualitative data indicated the same result, as it included two axes: the opinion of players with special needs in the cognitive-behavioral counseling program, and the experience they gained from the techniques used in it, and they pointed to the effectiveness of the collective counseling program used in this research in reducing the level of psychological stress among members of the experimental group.

The research aims to:
- Identifying the difference between two types of basketball scoring on accuracy in hitting the target among students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - University of Mosul.
The nature of the research to be studied is what determines the research methodology, so the researchers used the descriptive method in a survey style and the comparative reasoning for its suitability and the nature of the research.
The research sample was chosen intentionally, which was chosen freely on the basis that it fulfills the purposes of the study carried out by the researchers, and represents the students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - University of Mosul, who play basketball, numbering (36) students, in addition to excluding a sample. Exploratory experiments (6) students and reliability (10) students. The researchers applied the two tests to the research sample, which numbered (20) students.
They were tested in a single group method and the best attempts for each student in each of the scoring tests were calculated, and variables related to the students were found.
The researchers used the statistical program (Spss) to find statistical methods for the research variables.
- There are significant differences between the two tests and in favor of the jump shooting test after receiving the ball among students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Mosul.

The introduction to the research dealt with its importance, which was crystallized in the pursuit of achieving the values of emotional intelligence for the five-a-side futsal players within the college teams participating in the tournament, knowing their levels and abilities, and helping them take advantage of these capabilities in achieving goals and getting rid of the obstacles they face. The researcher addressed the research problem that is related to the problem of anger. And the aggressive behavior that occurs in players while playing due to their weak exercise of emotional intelligence while playing - and through the researcher watching the players while playing in competitions, many questions came to the researcher’s mind, which are:
1 - Does emotional intelligence have an effective effect on players while playing?
2-Is there a role for emotional intelligence on the state of anger and aggressive behavior among five-a-side football players?

The importance of research becomes clear by using the problem-solving strategy, as the researcher believes that it has a significant impact on logical thinking and students’ learning of the artistic performance of the triple jump event.
The research aims to identify the effect of the problem-solving strategy on logical thinking and learning the artistic performance of the triple jump event for students, as well as identifying the significance of the differences between the control and experimental research groups in the results of the post-tests.
The research population consisted of students of the second stage in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / University of Karbala for the academic year 2023-2024 AD, amounting to (111) students distributed among (4) sections (A - B - C - D). In a random way, in the form of lots, the Section (C) as an experimental group and Section (D) as a control group. The researcher conducted his field experiment on a sample consisting of (30) students representing two sections (C-D), with (15) students from each section, and the sample percentage from the original population was equal to (27.02).), and (10) students were chosen to represent the sample of the exploratory experiment.
One of the most important conclusions reached by the researcher is that the problem-solving strategy and the approach followed by the subject teacher had a positive impact on logical thinking and learning the artistic performance of the triple jump event for students. The problem-solving strategy showed superiority over the approach followed by the subject teacher in logical thinking and learning artistic performance. For the triple jump event for students.
One of the most important recommendations is to pay attention to the problem-solving strategy as a teaching strategy in educational units in universities, which works to increase students’ independence and activate their ideas. There is a need to conduct other studies using modern teaching strategies on samples for other stages and on other variables.

The research aimed to identify future anxiety, the quality of the university climate and academic reluctance among third-stage students in the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Babylon, as well as to identify the differences in future anxiety, the quality of the university climate and academic reluctance among students according to the gender variable, as well as knowing the relationship between future anxiety and the quality of the university climate and their academic reluctance, and is it possible to develop a predictive equation For academic reluctance in terms of future anxiety and the quality of the university climate. The researcher used the descriptive approach in the survey method and correlation and comparative studies due to its suitability and the nature of the current study. The research sample consisted of third-stage students in the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Babylon for the academic year 2023-2024, numbering (125) male and female students, by (100) male and (25) female students, and the sample was selected in a simple random way from the research community of (143) male and female students. In light of the results reached, the researcher concluded that the existence of concern about the future of Third-stage students in the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Babylon and the presence of less than average anxiety for female students, and that students have a higher concern about the future than female students. Male and female students see the quality of the university climate as low. It was also found that there was academic reluctance among students and did not exist among female students.
The results also showed a positive correlation between academic reluctance and both future anxiety and the quality of the university climate. The researchers were able to develop an efficient predictive regression equation in predicting the degree of academic reluctance in terms of future anxiety and the quality of their university climate.

The research aimed to reveal the effect of the training scheduling methods (distributed, intensive, and random) that were used in the educational programs for the three experimental groups and the method used in school that the control group used in learning technical performance and achievement in running (30 m) hurdles for first-year intermediate students. The researchers used the curriculum. Experimental due to its suitability to the nature of the research. The research population consisted of (232) students in the first intermediate grade of Al-Shumukh Intermediate School for Boys, distributed among four sections. The research sample consisted of (60) students distributed randomly among the three experimental groups and the control group, with (15) students. For each group, the data collection methods included (questionnaire, personal interview, scientific observation, tests, measures, and a phenomenological construct evaluation form), and parity was conducted between the research groups in the variables (age, height, mass, some mental abilities (attention, intelligence), and a number of fitness elements). physical and motor influence on learning technical performance in running (30 m) hurdles). Educational programs on exercise scheduling methods were applied to the three experimental groups, and the method used in school was applied to the control group. The educational programs consisted of (24) educational units of (6) Educational units for each group, at a rate of two educational units per week, with a time of (45) minutes for each educational unit.
The researchers concluded that the educational programs for training scheduling methods (distributed, intensive, and random) and the program for the control group (the method used in school) had a positive impact on learning technical performance and achievement in running (30 m) hurdles, with the three experimental groups outperforming the control group and also outperforming The first group used the exercise method distributed to the rest of the groups to learn technical performance and achievement in running (30 m) hurdles.

The research aims to Identifying the values of number of the mechanical variables for the stages of the kinetic path of the weight in the snatch lift of the Arab countries champion. Identifying the mechanical ability of the stages of the kinetic path of the weight in the snatch lift of the Arab countries champion, the research sample consisted of the champion of the Arab countries in weightlifting, the Syrian athlete (Thuraya Sabah), who was chosen intentionally and who won first place in the Arab heavyweight championship that was held in Erbil Governorate in the year (2010). The researchers used technical scientific observation using a digital camera type (SONY) at a speed of (240 frames/second), which was placed on the left side of the athlete. Special scientific software was used to analyze digital video to obtain the kinematic variables related to the research. The main experiment was conducted on the research sample on 10-8/10/2010 in the Blue Hall in Erbil Governorate within the Arab Weightlifting Championship, and the calculated data were extracted by taking advantage of the measured data and some equations that were entered into the Microsoft Office Excel 2010. The researchers concluded the following, The best speed for the weight was in the full extension stage of the snatch for the champion of the Arab countries, The best strength was in the second pull stage in the snatch lift for the champion of the Arab countries, The best mechanical ability was in the full extension phase of the snatch for the champion of the Arab countries.

The research aimed to identify the level of evaluation of the professional performance of male and female physical education teachers in secondary schools in the city of Mosul from the point of view of their principals. The descriptive approach was used in a survey method, and the study sample included (218) male and female principals of secondary schools in the city of Mosul in the Nineveh Governorate Education Directorate, and to obtain data. A questionnaire form was designed and applied after meeting the scientific conditions of validity and reliability. The data was treated statistically through the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, percentage, Spearman-Brown equation, Gitman equation, and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The researchers concluded that the degree of evaluation of the professional performance of male and female teachers\' Physical education in the city of Mosul from the point of view of their principals was positive in general and at a high level in all areas. In addition, the degree of evaluation of the professional performance of male and female physical education teachers in the city of Mosul from the point of view of their principals was positive and distinguished and at a very high level in some situations. The researchers also recommended several recommendations. Including urging physical education teachers to continue continuous giving and joint cooperation and activating the good relationship with the school administration in general, in addition to effectively developing and developing the professional performance of physical education teachers in the city of Mosul, by providing the necessary basic needs for male and female teachers.

A comparative study of audio-visual perception outlets in light of the Holy Qur’an and active learning for students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences
We aim to research the introduction of the game of access to audio-visual perception in the light of the Holy Qur’an, and they learn to benefit from the fourth stage in the College of Education and Science. The research community reached (80) distinguished students and is used in applying visual descriptions and the form of communication between hearing and sight in the Holy Qur’an, and hearing and sight in learning, therefore. The former prioritizes the sense of hearing over sight, and the latter prioritizes the sense of sight over the sense of hearing. Here in the approach to research emerging from strangers is close to the viewpoint of learning what the Noble Qur’an leads to... Among the scientific research tools for which data was collected are (Arabic sources and the Qur’an). The cream and the questionnaire to get rid of the steps of the research procedures in building the form quickly by hearing and seeing and presenting it to the research, individuals The statistical methods were extracted using Excel and SPSS programs, then presented, analyzed and discussed in a scientific manner based on the sources. The researchers concluded It appears from the nature of the results that the sense of hearing is better than the rest of the senses in conveying knowledge to the mind, and also that the senses of hearing and sight are among the most powerful sources of sensory entertainment for outlets of perception.
They agreed on the half-difference in the methods and sciences of education in writing with regard to the senses of hearing and sight, and they also held seminars on radio that advance it over sight, including what was mentioned in the Holy Qur’an.

The goal of the research is the impact of the problem-solving strategy on developing creative thinking to develop the accuracy of performing the dribbling and handling skills for football players, while the problem of the research in light of what the researchers observed is not performing the technical stages of the dribbling and handling skills correctly before performing them, in addition to that not taking the appropriate position when implementing them. Skills through the movement of the feet at the moment of execution, which negatively reflects on their skill performance, so the researchers decided to engage in this experiment by using a problem-solving strategy. As for the research hypotheses, there are significant differences in the level of performance between the two research groups. The researchers used the experimental approach, which was the research sample included (24) Al-Izdihar Sports Club youth players, and methods were used and tools to collect information. Then the researchers used statistical methods, including (SPSS), and the researchers concluded that the problem-solving strategy in developing creative thinking has a positive effect in developing the accuracy of performing the rolling and handling skills under research. The most important recommendations were to emphasize the use of the problem-solving strategy in developing creative thinking to develop Accuracy of the dribbling and handling skills of football players.

Search problem: What are the teaching competencies of faculty members at the School of Physical Education, Soran University from the point of view of their students, and the extent of their impact on the competencies of attracting the attention of the student? The research aimed to identify the differences in the teaching competencies of faculty members in the School of Physical Education, Soran University from the point of view of their students in terms of (gender - school stage).and the differences in the competencies of attracting the attention of students of the School of Physical Education Soran University to their teachers in terms of (gender - school stage) and the relationship between the competencies of teaching and the competencies of attracting the attention of students to their teachers. For the competencies of teaching, which includes (28) items, and the scale of competencies attracting students\' attention, which consists of (24) items, the sincerity and stability of the two tools has been ensured, and after applying the two tools to the members of the research sample and obtaining their answers, the data was unloaded and processed statistically by means (t-test for independent samples of equal number, one-way variance analysis test, and simple correlation coefficient) and the researcher reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which is the superiority of female students over males in the areas of teaching competencies scale from the students\' point of view (evaluation and humanity) While the results showed the parity of male and female students in the first field (teaching competencies) and the parity of students for the four academic stages in the fields of the teaching competencies scale and the existence of an inverse correlation between the field of evaluation competencies from the teaching competencies scale and the scale of competencies attracting the attention of students and in the light of the conclusions the researcher recommended the need to use modern methods in teaching by faculty members in the school of physical education such as the use of cooperative learning methods and exploration and the need to emphasize the use of different methods of objective evaluation and stay away As much as possible from the evaluation that depends on the personal considerations of the teacher and interest in the use of teaching aids and methods that increase the interest and attract the attention of students to the lesson.

Futsal is one of the games that requires a lot of scientific efforts to know the player’s performance during the match and to know the effectiveness of the training methods and methods used, each of which has an impact on improving the players’ performance. The research aims to develop complex exercises to develop some physical abilities and an indicator of accuracy over time for the skill of long-range scoring in futsal. The research sample was chosen from the University of Diyala team in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / University of Diyala in an intentional manner. The researchers used the experimental method to suit the nature and problem of their research. Choosing (10) to represent the experimental group and (10) to represent the control group. The researchers used the methods and tools required for their research. They conducted the exploratory experiment and then the pre-tests. The main experiment was conducted for eight weeks at a rate of one unit per week, and then the post-tests were conducted in the same conditions as the pre-tests. The researchers used the SPSS statistical package. To extract results and through the results, the researchers reached conclusions, the most important of which was that the exercises developed by the researchers contributed to the development of scoring from movement for the research sample, and the researchers recommended applying these exercises to other university teams.

The high-pressure exercises are considered to be the most important methods that contribute effectively to the development of the physical levels and skills of the players because they contain fast and strong tables similar to playing in the competition that helps in developing the performance of the players significantly which reflect a positive impact during the competition time. As the passing and rolling skills are the main aspect of the football, the research was concerned with the development of these skills by using the high-pressure exercises which serve the skill side of players, and the more distinguished the team was in their possession of high physical and skill capabilities, the more skill upgrading for the whole futsal team. The aim of this research is to understand the effect of the high-pressure exercises on developing the performance and some of the basic skills for football players. The research imposes the existence of statistically significant differences between the experimental group before and after the experiment in endurance performance and passing skill. The researcher uses the experimental curriculum that contains two equivalent groups (pretest and post-test) to make it more suitable for the experimental groups. The research concludes that the high-pressure exercises affect positively in improving some of the physical and basic skills and performance for football players.

To develop the level of physical performance and skill of the volleyball player, you must rely on scientific research, which is the most important way to reach the achievement of sports levels after the random methods used by some teachers and Faraj Bayoumi (1989) that volleyball as an activity requires certain specifications and requirements and mental and emotional burdens, especially physical and technical requirements that must be provided to a varying degree (15_46) Ahmed Khater (1979) indicates that access to players in volleyball to the level of Skill and physical high must be used multiple courses on the skills during the competition of the speed of skills during the competition The researchers believe that the sport of contemporary volleyball requires that the current volleyball player is interested in high physical fitness and has become the result of physical components one of the basic pillars in daily and weekly training and the problem of research revolves around the lack of interest in the development of training programs codified physical aspects and skill in volleyball for students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Muthana, which led To the weak skill level of the players and the research aims at the impact of the volleyball lesson in the development of some elements of physical fitness was concluded as follows :
1- The elements of physical fitness have a positive impact on the performance of some basic skills in volleyball.
2- The lack of flexibility has a negative impact on the accuracy of scoring and the lack of speed reduces the accuracy of aiming.

Through the researcher's observation that he is a teacher in the fencing lesson, he found that there are deficiencies in some motor abilities (compatibility, balance, reaction speed) among the students, which was reflected in their level when performing offensive skills, which prompted the researchers to prepare complex educational exercises that include the development of these abilities And skills, and the aim of the research is to identify the impact of compound educational exercises in developing the most important motor abilities and offensive skills of students with fencing weapons, and to identify the differences between the two experimental groups that used compound educational exercises and the control group in developing the most important motor and skill abilities of students with fencing weapons in the post-test. The researchers used the experimental approach with two equal groups, the experimental and the control, with two pre- and post-tests. The research sample, which was selected in a simple random way, amounted to (8) students, and they were divided into two groups (experimental and control). To ensure the equality of the two groups, the t-test was used. The results showed that there were no significant differences between the two groups, and the most important conclusions were that the compound educational exercises helped the experimental group in developing motor abilities (compatibility, balance, reaction speed) and offensive skills with the fencing weapon (Stabbing movement, circular attack, and numerical attack), and excelled the experimental group over the control group.

The research aims to prepare two educational modes according to Bruner’s model and to identify the effect of the first educational mode according to Bruner’s model in developing the deductive thinking and cognitive achievement of the youth Kyushinkhai karate players over the members of the first experimental group. The researchers assumed that there are no significant differences in the deductive thinking and cognitive achievement of the Kyushinkhai youth karate players between the two tests. Pre- and post-test for members of the first experimental group, and there are no significant differences in the deductive thinking and cognitive achievement of the young Kyushinkhai karate players between the pre- and post-tests for the members of the second experimental group. The researchers used the experimental method in the manner of the two equal experimental groups with the pre- and post-test. The current research population was youth kyushinkai karate players for the 2023-2024 season from the clubs of Najaf Governorate, a total of (24) players. (20) players were divided into two experimental groups with (10) players for each group. The most important conclusions were the effectiveness of the receptive and selective educational patterns of Bruner\'s exploratory model in developing deductive thinking and cognitive achievement for youth karate players. The experimental group that used the selective type of Bruner\'s exploratory model excelled in the variables of deductive thinking and cognitive achievement for youth karate players The researchers recommended the necessity of coaches and teachers applying the selective educational style of Bruner\'s model in developing inferential thinking and cognitive achievement for young Kyushinhai karate players, and applying the selective educational style of Bruner\'s model in developing inferential thinking and cognitive achievement in other sporting events.

The game of volleyball, like all other sports, has been made by new amendments, the most important of which is the system of what is not the system of the free player in 1998, which gave added importance to the skills of receiving the transmission and defending the stadium being one of the important skills where the law allowed the free player to move and position in the back positions of the stadium Limited support mainly defensive skills. This is to make the state of stability and balance between defensive and offensive skills, which helps in the development of the game and make it exciting and enjoyable for players and fans. Therefore, the researchers decided to shed light by identifying the percentage of the contribution of the free player Albro by playing areas (1,5,6) and here lies the problem of research in identifying the role of the libero player and his contribution to the development of defensive skills (reception and defense of the field) during the match to create a state of balance and stability between attack and defense. Through the research procedures, which included conducting some personal interviews by the researchers with some coaches in the game of volleyball and academic specialists in the field of the game about the role and importance of The libero player in an attempt by the researchers to identify the most productive areas of the libero player and the best skills he has, as the research aims to identify the percentage of the contribution of some defensive skills to the libero player by play areas (1,5,6) As for the imposition of the research, there was a discrepancy between the percentage of the contribution of some defensive skills to the free player by play areas (1,5,6) and the researchers dealt with some similar studies related to the subject of the research The research methodology and field procedures were through the use of the researchers descriptive approach either The research community determined the teams participating in the Premier Volleyball League for the season (2022_2023) The second stage with the participation of 8 teams The research sample consisted of 8 players, namely the free player (libero) in the research sample Rafqa to the following (1,5,6) Ranking of playing centers according to the percentage of the contribution of the reception skill

The research included four chapters, the first chapter contained an introduction and the importance of the research, and the researcher touched on the importance of positive thinking in the sports field, especially football, as well as focusing on some offensive skills, and the importance of the research came to identify the relationship between positive thinking and some offensive skills for advanced players, As for the research problem, it lies in the absence of a scale that measures the positive thinking of young football players. As for the research fields, it included the human field, which was represented by the youth players of Maysan Governorate for the sports season (2022-2023), and the temporal domain was determined for the period from (25/9/2023). ) until (25/11/2023), while the spatial space was in the stadiums of Maysan youth clubs.
The researcher used the descriptive approach in the survey method, and the research sample consisted of (100) players from the Baghdad clubs for the applicants. And the researcher concluded in building the scale of positive thinking and the existence of a positive direct and statistically significant correlation between positive thinking and some offensive skills in football, so the researcher recommends that coaches pay attention to the psychological aspect as it is one of the offensive requirements that affect sports performance.

The research aims to identify the relationship between the speed of motor response with performance accuracy of overwhelming spike and blocking skills in volleyball among Qaraqosh Sports Club players. The researchers hypothesized that there is a significant relationship between the speed of motor response with performance accuracy of overwhelming spike and blocking skills in volleyball among the Qaraqosh Sports Club players.
The researchers adopted the descriptive method for its suitability and the nature of the research, and the research community was represented by Qaraqosh Sports Club players applying for volleyball for the sports season (2020-2021), who numbered (16) players, and the research sample included (12) players. They were homogeneous among the variables (length, mass, chronological age). The researchers used questionnaire forms, tests, standards, sources, and scientific references as tools to achieve the two goals of the research. Nelson Sprint Motor Response Speed Test was conducted to measure the speed of the motor response, which was prepared by Nelson, and other tests were conducted for the performance accuracy of the overwhelming spike and blocking skills , to suit the research sample. The SPSS statistical package was used to process the data statistically.
The researchers concluded that the motor response speed positively affects on the performance accuracy of overwhelming spike and blocking in volleyball through the existence of significant relationships between them. The researchers recommended the use of training programs that include appropriate exercises and training equipment that pays attention to the motor response speed within the physical, skill and tactical preparation programs for volleyball players.

Power is the most important ability that determines achievement, since most games require performing movements characterized by the elements of strength and speed. Developing power is considered one of the important problems in the field of physical preparation for athletes at high levels, as power training often has significant effects on the body and nervous system, and here the importance of research that includes the use of High-intensity resistance training to develop power and improve the concentration of the hexokinase enzyme in the blood, so that as a whole this is an important means for the coach to use in setting goals and plans and regulating training loads accordingly. The researchers used the experimental method to suit the nature of the research problem. The researcher used the design of equal groups for the purpose of comparison. The research sample consisted of players from the handball specialist school in Wasit Governorate, who numbered 36 players. The researcher chose 12 players from the total research community, and by lottery they were divided into two groups, an experimental group and a control group. The exercises were applied after conducting the pre-tests at three training units per week for a period of 8 weeks. After that, the post-tests were conducted and the data were processed statistically using the SPSS system. The researchers concluded that high-intensity resistance training worked on power and increased the percentage of the hexokinase enzyme in handball players

The objectives of the research are to know the effect of the direct playing style in developing clever thinking and learning the skills of suppression and scoring in football among students of Suez Preparatory School for Boys, and to identify which is better (the direct playing style or the followed style) in the variables of the study under investigation, and the researcher applied the experimental method to suit the research sample composed. Of (50) students, who are students of the fifth scientific grade from Suez Preparatory School for Boys, skill tests were also conducted, and then the educational curriculum was applied in a direct play style. The researcher also used the statistical package (spss) to extract the results, and in light of the results, the researcher reached a number of conclusions, including the direct playing style has a clear impact and role in advancing the skill level of students in football. In light of the conclusions, the researcher recommends the necessity of adopting the direct playing method in learning other activities because of its positive impact, in addition to paying attention to all football skills and improving them.

The research aims to evaluate the level of psychological flow among the Khanaqin Youth Football Club players, as well as to identify the relationship between psychological flow and offensive performance among the research sample.
The importance of this research lies in shedding light on an important and relatively recent positive variable that has not received a sufficient amount of research, which is psychological flow. Its importance also comes from the community that was targeted, which is the youth group who are the future supporter of the advanced teams and the national teams, As well as trying to identify the relationship between psychological flow and the level of offensive performance among young players. The researcher used the descriptive approach (with the method of mutual relations), and the research sample consisted of (15) players representing the Khanaqin Youth Sports Club for the football season (2022 - 2023), who constituted a percentage of (75%) of the research community In order to identify the relationship between the research variables . The psychological flow scale was used after verifying its validity and reliability, and an offensive performance evaluation form was used. After using appropriate statistical methods, the results showed that the arithmetic average for psychological flow reached (148.38) degrees With a standard deviation of (3.287) degrees, while the arithmetic mean of offensive performance reached (19.33) degrees with a standard deviation of (3.02) degrees. Through these results, the researcher concluded that the players of Khanaqin Youth Club enjoy a high level of psychological flow, and that the relationship that emerged between the psychological flow of the players and their offensive skill performance is a direct positive relationship, that is, the greater the psychological flow of the player, the higher the level of his offensive performance . The researcher recommended conducting several studies on psychological flow and offensive performance on different samples and age groups, as well as emphasizing the variable of psychological flow and introducing it into psychological preparation programs for athletes in general and football players in particular because of its positive impact on the offensive performance of players during competition.

This great competition between football sport clubs contributed to the increase in the number of injuries among professional players of Anbar Governorate clubs, especially since the preparation period was not sufficient for all participating teams due to the ongoing closure because of the emergence of the Corona viru.. After the end of league season in Anbar Governorate, the researchers conducted a questionnaire google form and distribute among the players of clubs in Anbar Governorate to find out what sports injuries had occurred, what those injuries were, their location in parts of the body, and the cause of the injuries that occurred, which gives a complete idea to sports club coaches to avoid injuries in upcoming tournaments upon exiting this study. Important recommendations are taken into consideration to help prevent recurrence of injuries. The research has two objectives: the first is to find out whether there are injuries among players of Anbar Governorate football clubs and what are the causes and degrees of these injuries. The second is to know the types of sport injuries suffered by players of Anbar Governorate football clubs.
The research procedures included distributing an electronic questionnaire form via Google Drive to the players of the Anbar Governorate football clubs (Ramadi FC, Heet FC, Al-Fahd FC, Anah FC, and Sufia FC). The questionnaire includes fifteen questions that were related to type of sport and injuries. The most important conclusion that appear after completion of this research; was that the injuries among players of Anbar Governorate football clubs, are due to lack of good preparation period before the sports season and the poor playing fields ground that contribute to the occurrence of injuries to players of Anbar Governorate clubs.

The integration of technology into sports training has created a transformative revolution, redefining models of skill acquisition and improving athlete performance. This intervention delves into the effects of technology in accelerating motor learning and improving multiple sports training methodologies
From the application of virtual reality (VR) and intelligent robot technology to the use of wireless sensors and data analytics, a myriad of technological interventions have reshaped sports education. Virtual reality simulations provide immersive and personalized learning environments, while intelligent robots assist in in-play decision-making processes, increasing athlete performance. Wireless sensors enable real-time reaction and data acquisition, facilitating precise training management and personalized training programmes.
The discourse extends beyond training facilities, to include personal practices, physiological sensors for performance monitoring, and comprehensive data analysis for recovery strategies. Techniques such as curriculum learning tailor training based on individual performance, highlighting the move towards person-centred approaches.Despite the strides made, challenges remain, including access to advanced technologies and the need for continuous innovation. However, these developments point to a promising path, offering insights into a future where athletes provide technology to overcome performance barriers
In conclusion, the convergence of technology and sports training represents a pivotal shift, focusing on a more scientific, personalized and effective approach to skill acquisition and performance improvement in sports.

The aim of the research is to identify the effect of the Eisencraft model in learning the skills of controlling the ball and putting down football for students. The researcher used the experimental method by designing two equal groups with a pre- and post-test. The research population consisted of (100) second-year middle school students at Al-Salam Middle School for Boys. The research sample was chosen randomly to represent Division (D) with (15) students in the experimental group and Division (A) with (15) students in the control group. The process of homogeneity and equivalence was conducted in the pre-tests, and then the main experiment was applied, which included educational units according to the Eisencraft model. Constructive, then post-tests were conducted, and after collecting the data, appropriate statistical operations for the tests were conducted in order to reach the results. The researcher concluded that implementing the Eisencraft constructive model had an impact on learning the skills of ball control and suppression for second-year intermediate students and clearly contributed to raising the level of Their performance through the content of the model, which gave a major role to the student in decision-making by relying on activating his mental processes in order to achieve the objectives of the lesson compared to the usual method followed by the control group. The researcher recommended the necessity of introducing the Eisencraft model into the teaching process in learning skills, whether in football or football. Other activities in order to raise the skill level of students.

Many researchers agreed in describing this era as the era of anxiety, and the problem of research crystallized in that an individual’s life is not free of anxiety as long as there is ambition and great hopes that need to be fulfilled. Anxiety has several symptoms, the most important of which are absent-mindedness, loss of appetite for food, poor ability to concentrate and pay attention, rapid pulse, and disturbances. Breathing, discomfort, etc. Through the researchers’ experience in monitoring the performance of the scientific exam in the game of handball, they found that sports anxiety plays an important role for the female student. It may have a positive driving force and thus push the female students to exert more effort, or in other cases it may be an obstacle to their physical and skill activity. Through this vision that the researcher observed, the research problem was established by studying this case to find out the degrees of persistent and obstructive anxiety and its relationship to academic exam performance among female students.The researchers arrived at a set of goals and hypotheses, which were as follows
Identifying the degrees of state anxiety among female students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Maysan.
Identifying the scientific exam scores of female students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Maysan.
There is a relationship between the effect of state anxiety and academic exam performance among members of the research sample.The researchers discussed the research methodology and their field procedures, as well as the purpose of the research and what it included They used a set of statistical methods through which the results were presented and discussed, and through the above, a set of recommendations and conclusions were reached. There is a direct relationship between state anxiety and the performance of the handball practical exam among female students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences.RecommendationsThe need to reduce anxiety as a condition among female students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences.Conduct similar studies on other activities.

The importance of the research is evident in the effect of mastery learning through auxiliary means in developing some of the female students’ futsal skills in order to invest them in refining the female students’ talent and developing it when moving to advanced stages. It is a simple attempt by the researcher to develop the skill performance of the female students of the Physical Education Department. Through the field researcher’s follow-up of the educational lectures for female physical education students, he noticed that there was a weakness among the female students in performing futsal skills, especially in handling, putting down, and scoring. Therefore, the researcher used the mastery learning method by means of assistance in developing some of the female students’ futsal skills, and to identify the effect of this. The method in developing some futsal skills for female students. The researcher used the experimental approach with equal groups, defining the research population as female students in the Department of Physical Education. Faculty of Basic Education . Al-Mustansiriya University for the academic year 2021-2022, numbering (30) students. Through discussing the research results that were presented and analyzed for the pre- and post-tests and for the control and experimental groups, as well as for the post-tests between the two research groups, there appeared significant differences in the development of skills (handling, suppression, scoring ) for the experimental group, and thus the method of mastery learning can be adopted through assistive means in the educational and training units because of its positive impact in developing some futsal skills for female students.

The importance of research is evident in the process of building and improving the functions in the player’s body better and better, especially the functions of the blood and the heart muscle, through the use of appropriate (lactic) exercises and training for the specificity of the game, which is volleyball. Thus, scientific information will be provided to our coaches about the importance of these exercises and the progress they achieve in the level of players. volleyball applicants, Regarding the areas of research, the human domain represents the advanced volleyball players for Al-Muqdadiya Sports Club. The spatial domain included the volleyball court for the Al-Muqdadiya Youth Forum, while the temporal domain was (4/5/2023 until 7/7/2023), To solve the research problem, the researcher used the experimental approach with a design of equal groups (control and experimental groups). The sample of (12) players was chosen and the sample was divided into two groups, control and experimental, and the number of each group became (6) players, And use the statistical package (spss), It was concluded that exercises with the lactic system caused changes and adaptations in some variables of heart function and blood variables for advanced volleyball players, Accordingly, it was recommended to adopt lactic system exercises because it caused changes and adaptations in some heart function variables and blood variables for advanced volleyball players.

The development taking place in the sport of gymnastics, what is the result of various scientific efforts in which many sciences and sports activities have contributed, differ in terms of the nature of the performance, the efforts made, and the environment in which it is practiced. As for the research problem, despite the importance of special physical fitness and movement in performing rhythmic gymnastics skills, it is still not at the level. Required .The researcher touched on the research methodology and the research sample:
Represented by the female students of the third stage of the theoretical and applied branches, who numbered (18) female students out of a total of (22), at a rate of 81.81%, in addition to the research tools, the exploratory experiment, the main experiment, and statistical methods.The fourth credit included treating the results statistically through the use of a statistical package.The fifth chapter included: It included the most important recommendations and conclusions reached by the researcher, the objectives of her research and its hypotheses, the most important of which are the following:
In light of these conclusions, the researcher developed a set of recommendations, the most important of which are:
Emphasis on developing physical qualities such as flexibility and agility in order to raise the physical and skill level of female students.
Conduct similar research and studies

The study aimed to identify the effect of the physical preparation course on some elements of fitness for students registered for the physical preparation course who were accepted to major in physical education at kadoorie University, Ramallah, for the academic year 2021-2022. These elements included: respiratory endurance, transitional speed, agility, strength endurance of the arm muscles, and spinal flexibility.
This study consisted of 61 male and female students. The training program was applied to the study sample for a period of 12 weeks, with two training sessions per week, and statistical processing was conducted using the statistical package program (SPSS). The results indicated that there were no statistically significant differences between the pre- and post-tests on all Study variables according to gender. The researcher recommended that the number of course hours should be increased to 3 practical hours so that the training units should not be less than three training units per week.

This study aimed to identify the most important common sports injuries in gymnastics courses for female students in the Department of Physical Education at Jadara University, and to identify the types, causes, and locations of injuries. The researcher used the descriptive approach to find out the causes, locations, and types of sports injuries through a questionnaire. The sample consisted of (34) registered female students. In the gymnastics subject in the Department of Physical Education at Gadara University, the researcher used frequencies, percentages, and the t-test as statistical methods to analyze the data.
The results of the study indicated that the most common cause of sports injuries is inappropriate warm-up, and the most common site of the body exposed to injuries was the wrist joint, and the most common type of injury is muscle tear. The researcher recommends conducting studies that contain a training program that works to develop the elements of physical fitness to reduce the incidence of injuries. Sports.

The research aimed to identify the relationship between motor coordination and motor balance with some basic skills on the balance beam for artistic gymnastics for women. The researcher assumed that there is a correlation between coordination, motor balance, and some basic skills on the balance beam for women\'s artistic gymnastics.The researcher used the survey method due to its suitability to the research problem, and the research sample consisted of female students of the Faculty of Physical Education - University of Maysan, third stage of the theoretical sciences branch, and they were chosen intentionally. After the researcher determined the tests, she conducted a reconnaissance experiment on Thursday, March 19, 2022, and seven days later, the researcher conducted the main experiment on Thursday, corresponding to

The date is 3/26/2022. She tested the motor abilities, after which she obtained the scores for the skill tests from the practical exam conducted by the subject teacher. After obtaining the raw data, the researcher processed it statistically, and through the results, the researcher reached the following conclusions: -
There is a non-significant correlation between motor coordination and the skills under study in the research sample.There is a non-significant correlation between motor balance and the skills under study in the research sample.
There is a significant weakness in the motor abilities and skills under study among the research sample.

The use of computers has spread recently in various fields and has proven its effectiveness and saved a lot of effort, time and cost, including the sports field, which is the subject of the study aimed at the extent of the impact of modern technology represented by digitization and artificial intelligence in the sports field, especially colleges of physical education and sports sciences and sports institutions.
Here we mean, but not limited to, Ministries of Youth and Sports - Olympic Committees - Sports Federations - Sports Clubs Sports institutions have an important role in raising children and youth and preparing them as good citizens through sports. Programs that achieve their objectives within the general objectives of the state.

The role of digitization and artificial intelligence in the sports field helps to identify problems and obstacles and predict the capabilities and expected conditions to make work methods and procedures in the sports field more effective.
Recommendations: Creating a wide-ranging sports database based on its knowledge of sports management technology and other sports sciences through the expanded digital library at the level of the Arab world. Benefiting from the speed of recall and using technically available information in managing sports competitions.

This research aims to identify some biokinetic variables for one of the global players (the model), putting corrective exercises to learn the skills of Tkatchev on horizontal bar for some biokinetic variables, the characteristics of the model, and identifying the effect of the corrective exercises on the performance of the Tkatchev skill. The researchers adopted the experimental method by designing Equivalent groups with (the pre- and post-test). The research sample was randomly selected from the local football age team (14-16) years old, by lottery, As they were divided into two groups, control and experimental, as well as one of the world champions on the horizontal bar (the model).
According to results and analysis, the researchers concluded that the corrective exercises have an effective role in teaching the performance of the Tkatchev skill of the players on the horizontal bar in the artistic gymnastics for young people. And leaving the bar at the angle with required speed achieve the highest height of the hip joint, gives enough opportunity to complete the crossing of the crossbar and hold it successfully. Also, the holding angle gives the correct indicator of the success of the performance and the possibility of completing the rest of the kinetic series

The research aims to identify the relationship between some physical measurements and some physiological measurements among futsal players. The researchers assumed that there is a significant correlation between some physical measurements and some physiological indicators for futsal players. The researchers used the descriptive approach in the style of correlational relationships, while the sample included (10) players from the university team. Kufa Futsal The physical measurements included (4) measurements, namely (height, weight, age, and chest circumference), and the physiological indicators included (6) measurements, which are (pulse rate, respiratory rate, vital capacity, forced expiration in the first second, forced pulmonary expiratory capacity, and pulmonary ventilation, and the conclusions were.
.1 There is a significant correlation between the following physical measurements (height, weight, chest circumference) and physiological variables (respiratory rate, vital capacity, forced expiration in the first second, forced pulmonary ventilation, and pulmonary ventilation
.2 There is no significant correlation between physiological indicators (respiratory rate, vital capacity, forced expiration in the first second, forced pulmonary ventilation, and pulmonary ventilation) and age.

The research included five chapters, where the first chapter included the introduction and the importance of the research. Psychological integration is one of the most important modern topics in psychology, which has found great interest from scholars and readers and great benefit in seizing and liberating sufficient internal energies and teaching them to serve the individual himself and society, through cases. Integration that immerses the individual in periods of his life and identifying and developing harmonious abilities in order to reach the maximum state of psychological integration for all individuals. The various games practiced by students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Karbala require the student to perform several movements for different parts of the body. Which requires that the student have the ability and ability to perform well and in harmony, quickly and with minimal effort. Hence the importance of research lies in finding the relationship between psychological integration and the harmonious abilities of students.

The researcher noticed, through his follow-up of many local and international matches, that there was a weakness in the functional strength of the arms and legs, which made the players exert double efforts during the matches and take incorrect positions due to the weakness of the muscular strength of the youth players, which had a negative impact on the level of technical performance, so he The researcher used the experimental approach in the style of two equal groups, and the research population consisted of Al-Athuri Youth Badminton Club players, numbering (12) players, divided into two groups, the experimental group, numbering (6) players, and the control group, numbering (6) players. The researcher reached the most important conclusions that the training program It led to the development of the physical capabilities of badminton players.

The research included the introduction and the importance of the research. The two researchers touched on the importance of some mental abilities and their relationship to the accuracy of the skill of receiving the ball downward in volleyball. The research problem included a weakness in some mental abilities, especially concentration of attention and sensory-motor perception, and thus a weakness in the performance of the female students as a whole, especially in receiving the serve from the opponent. The two researchers decided to shed light on this problem and find adequate scientific methodsBy treating them, they serve the educational, pedagogical and training process. The researchers hypothesized the existence of a positive, positive correlation of varying proportions between some mental abilities (focusing attention and sensory-motor perception) and the accuracy of receiving the ball downward from the front in volleyball.
The researchers will use field research procedures, including selecting appropriate tests, methods of performing them, and calculating their grades. They will also discuss their exploratory experience and introduce their assistant team. And the devices and tools necessary to perform the tests and present their statistical methods.The results were presented and discussed by presenting the results statistically and processing them, and through the above, a conclusion was reached The researchers came up with a set of results and recommendations, which were as follows
It appeared that the skill of receiving from below the volleyball was significantly and positively correlated with the concentration of attention test.
2- It appeared that the skill of receiving from below with a volleyball had a positive, positive, significant correlation with the sensory-motor perception test, but it was not to the degree that gives a clear meaning that expresses a good level of motor output, and with a lesser effect relative to the concentration of attention test .The need for physical education teachers to use motor coordination exercises to teach basic volleyball skills and develop motor accuracy.
Allocate time during the practical lectures within the volleyball course curriculum in the third stage of the college to introduce motor coordination exercises due to their importance in developing the accuracy of motor skills.

The problem of the research became clear in that the researchers through their work as teachers in colleges and departments of physical education and sports sciences in general and in the lesson of biomechanics in particular, as it is one of the important lessons that students find difficult to understand if we take into consideration that there are many students in colleges of physical education and sports sciences who are Graduates of the applied branch and professional preparatory studies who have not previously studied the disciplines of mathematics, physics, and engineering, which constitute the main backbone of the subject of mathematical biomechanics, with the concepts it contains related to force, speed, and others. Therefore, the researchers decided to try a model in teaching, which is (Thelen). finding out its impact on the cognitive outcome in the subject of sports biomechanics and focusing attention for second-year students in colleges and departments of physical education and sports sciences. The aim of the research is to identify the impact of teaching units according to the (Thelen) model on the cognitive outcome in the subject of sports biomechanics and focusing attention for its students. The second is the experimental group and identifying the differences between the members of the experimental and control groups in the cognitive outcome in the subject of mathematical biomechanics and focusing attention on its students. The second stage is the post-test. As for the research hypotheses, there are no significant differences in the cognitive outcome in the subject of mathematical biomechanics and the focus of attention on its students in the second stage between the pre- and post-tests and for the experimental and control groups, and there are no differences between the members of the experimental and control groups in the cognitive outcome in the subject of mathematical biomechanics and the focus of attention on its students in the second stage in the post-test. The researchers used The experimental approach is in the style of two equal experimental and control groups with a pre- and post-test. The current research population is the male students of the second stage in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Kufa, the total number of which is (80) students for the academic year 2023-2024. As for the most important conclusions, the experimental group that used (Thelen) model for collective investigation excelled in the cognitive outcome in the subject of mathematical biomechanics for its second-stage students in colleges and departments of physical education and sports sciences, and the experimental group that used (Thelen) model for collective investigation excelled in focusing attention for its second-stage students in colleges. And the departments of physical education and sports sciences. The most important recommendations were to adopt the teaching units that were prepared according to the (Thelen) model in developing the cognitive outcome in the subject of sports biomechanics and to focus attention on its second stage students in the colleges and departments of physical education and sports sciences.

The objectives of the research are to prepare a proposed training program to develop the instantaneous speed of handball deception, and to know the effect of the proposed training program on developing the time of performing deception.
The researcher used the experimental method with one experimental group, as it is the most suitable method to address the research problem. The research population was chosen intentionally, namely the young handball players in Diyala Governorate, divided into clubs and specialized schools in the governorate. As for the research sample, it was chosen randomly, and they are the Mesopotamia Handball Club players for the season. Sports 2023/2024 for youth (14) players.
Conclusions:
1. There are statistically significant differences between the pre- and post-tests in favor of the post-test among members of the research sample.
2. The training program has an effective impact in developing the instantaneous speed of deception for young handball players.
The researcher recommends the following:
1. Applying the proposed training curriculum to other samples.
2. Adopting the choice of measuring the time of performing deception for the purpose of developing this skill for other groups in handball.

The importance of research is evident in raising the level of education for the defensive skill performance of volleyball for beginners, and building the correct sports base to practice this game according to a scientific strategy researched in all scientific and sports disciplines, which is the strategy (CORT) that achieves the desired goal of education. The problem of the research: through the development of the correct theory of the quality of sports specialization and skill performance, such as defense in the game of volleyball, is important and essential in building the correct learning and increases intellectual performance and creativity in the application of those skills that are difficult for the beginners.
The most important objectives of the research: - Identify the impact of the strategy (CORT) in teaching some basic skills in volleyball for students of the third intermediate grade.
Accordingly, it was concluded: - The strategy of (CORT) is important and achieves educational goals, especially in teaching some basic skills in volleyball to third grade intermediate students.
It was recommended: - Adopting the strategy (CORT) because it is important and essential in achieving educational goals, especially in teaching some basic skills in volleyball to third grade intermediate students.

The goal of the research is to find a relationship between some physical measurements and the skills of handling and dribbling in football, and to use a descriptive methodology in the style of correlational relationships. The researcher chose the sample that is compatible with his research, and he is the one who estimates his need for information that achieves the purpose of the research (Adas: 1988: 116). The sample was chosen in a way Intentional, so that they meet the conditions to achieve the goals. The sample was students from the third stage in the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Mesopotamia University College, and their number was (40) students.
In light of discussing the results, the researchers concluded the following:
1. There is a significant correlation between the following physical measurements (body length, thigh length, leg length, hip circumference, foot length) and football performance.
2. There is a significant correlation between motor flexibility and the skills of handling and dribbling in football among students.
3. There is no significant correlation between physical measurements (hip circumference) and football handling and dribbling skills among members of the research sample.
In light of the conclusions, the researchers recommend the following:
1. Emphasis on physical measurements that have shown a significant correlation with achievement in football.
2. Emphasis in training curricula on physical measurements, which have shown a significant correlation in football.
3. Emphasis on training curricula to develop motor flexibility, which has shown a significant correlation with players’ achievement in football.

The study aimed to investigate the impact of visual perception on learning underhand serve and reception skills in volleyball for fifth-grade students. The researchers developed a visual perception questionnaire with images to assess its effect on learning these skills. The research sample consisted of students from Al-Adl Primary School in Baghdad Al-Karkh 3 during the period from November 1, 2022, to December 29, 2022. The researchers employed a descriptive correlational research design, which was deemed suitable for the nature of the study.
The researchers designed instructional units, with two teaching units per week for the fifth grade, totaling 16 instructional units. The findings indicated a significant contribution of visual perception to the learning of underhand serve and reception skills.

The study aimed to identify the pre-competition anxiety situation and its reflection on the performance of first-class players in table tennis as well as to reveal the significance of statistical differences if there is any according to the study variables (player’s experience, age and where the players live).
The study sample consisted of (40) players of the first-class players in the table tennis registered in the Palestinian table tennis federation and participated in the Palestinian prisoner league in 2019, who were selected intentionally. A questionnaire was designed consisting of (30) paragraphs divided into three axes: (Personal Attributes, player’s experience and the role of the trainer) has been judged within the recognized quality indicators. These areas and paragraphs measure pre-competition anxiety and their impact on players. In addition to that the questionnaires were distributed and processed statistically according to the goals of the study and its questions. The result was that there were cases before the competition ranged from low to personal attributes axis, and high to the role of the coach axis. The results also showed that there are no statistically big differences according to the variables (player’s experience, the age and housing) The researchers recommended the importance of preparing the players psychologically before the competition and the need for a psychologist such as other games because of its great importance in the preparation of players in addition to physical preparation.